annotated bibliography example for nursing students pdf

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Nursing Resources : Annotated Bibliographies

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Example of Annotated Bibliography

Below is a sample annotated bibliography written during a workshop attended by students in an introductory English class. The annotated bibliography is on grammar books they examined during class. The annotations are SHORTER than would normally be handed in for a real course project. They are also 1.5 spaced (should be DOUBLE SPACED for a real project).

Grammar Books: Annotated Bibliography

Elliott, R. (2006).  Painless grammar  (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Barron’s Educational Series.

This book is a practical and hands-on book with exercises for the reader. The coverage includes everything from the eight parts of speech to tips for writing. The book is very helpful for students of English, especially because it shares what to do and what not to do and provides examples of mistakes.

Fogarty, M. (2008).  Grammar Girl’s quick and dirty tips for better writing . New York, NY: Henry Holt.

This book includes a wide variety of information on both basic and challenging grammar topics. It is good because it is easy to read and it has cartoons to illustrate the grammar principles it shares. For example, there is a great cartoon that helps explain the difference between “affect” and “effect” on page nine.

Hacker, D. (2009).  Rules for writers  (6th ed.). Boston, MA: Bedford/‌St. Martin’s.

This excellent grammar text outlines all the grammar rules that all writers need to know. From its excellent examples to its many exercises to its clear and powerful layout, this book is a standout. This is the text of choice for most college English teachers and writing centers. In that vein, it is the best choice for the college student and life-long learner.

Straus, J. (2008).  The blue book of grammar and punctuation  (10th ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

This book shares information about grammar for a wide audience ranging from high school students to college instructors. The book however is written at a high level and may not be easy to read for everyone. Expectations for readers are high and readers will learn their grammar if they put in the effort. Quizzes for self-assessment are a highlight.

What is it?

An annotated bibliography is the full citation of a source followed by notes and commentary about a source. The word “annotate” means “critical or explanatory notes” and the word “bibliography” means “a list of sources”.  Annotations are meant to be critical in addition to being descriptive. Annotated bibliographies are useful because they present a list of resources that others can use for research, and each resource has information that describes what is in it and that evaluates it (describes what makes it unique, useful, or helpful).

You should have a topic you want to search on to create an annotated bibliography.

http://guides.rasmussen.edu/healthsciences/ pathophys

How to do it?

Note:  there is   NO official  APA format for an annotated bibliography .  Our directions, below, rely on what NoodleBib (our APA citation software) does automatically.

The format for an annotated bibliography is similar to that of a research paper. Use one-inch margins on all sides, double space your entries, and alphabetize each entry. Hanging indents are required for citations. On the line after the citation, indent approximately two additional spaces and write the annotation. Indentations for annotations are consistent, even if a citation is one line.  

If your assignment does not provide something more specific, follow the following guidance on annotations:

·     2 to 4 sentences to summarize the main idea(s) of the source.

o  What are the main arguments?

o  What is the point of this book/article?

o  What topics are covered?

·     1 or 2 sentences to assess and evaluate the source.

o  How does it compare with other sources in your bibliography?

o  Is this information reliable?

o  Is the source objective or biased?

·      1 or 2 sentences to reflect on the source.

o  Was this source helpful to you?

o  How can you use this source for your research project?

o  Has it changed how you think about your topic?

Note: the descriptions and evaluations you provide  must be your own writing . Do NOT copy and paste abstracts or summaries from other sources because that would constitute plagiarism.

Below is a sample annotation for a single journal article:

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How to prepare a Nursing Annotated Bibliography for BSN, MSN, and DNP nursing students.

• November 29, 2023

Welcome to NursingWriters.net, your trusted resource for all things related to nursing writing. In this article, we will guide BSN, MSN, and DNP nursing students on how to prepare a nursing annotated bibliography . A nursing annotated bibliography is a vital skill that allows you to explore research topics and evaluate the quality and relevance of your sources.

Whether you are a BSN, MSN, or DNP nursing student, mastering the art of creating an annotated bibliography is essential for your academic success. This comprehensive guide will take you through the step-by-step process of writing a well-structured nursing annotated bibliography .

Key Takeaways:

• Writing a nursing annotated bibliography is crucial for BSN, MSN, and DNP nursing students .
• An annotated bibliography combines a list of citations with a summary ( annotation ) of each source.
• Components of an annotated bibliography include citations and annotations .
• Manual and automatic methods can be used to prepare an annotated bibliography.
• Reliable nursing annotated bibliography assistance is available to save time and improve the quality of your bibliography.

What is a Nursing Annotated Bibliography?

A nursing annotated bibliography is a valuable tool for nursing students that combines a list of citations with a summary ( annotation ) of each source. It serves the purpose of informing the reader about the relevance, authority, and quality of the sources used in a nursing paper. By including annotations , nursing students can explore their research topic more deeply and evaluate the usefulness of different sources.

The annotated bibliography is an essential component of evidence-based practice in nursing. It helps students formalize their analysis of research sources and provides a concise summary of each source’s content. These annotations can vary in length and format, but they typically include a brief description of the source’s main points and an evaluation of its credibility and relevance to the student’s research topic.

By creating a nursing annotated bibliography, students gain a better understanding of the existing literature on their chosen topic. They develop critical thinking skills by analyzing and summarizing the content of various sources, which enhances their ability to evaluate and apply evidence-based research in their nursing practice.

When developing a nursing annotated bibliography, it is important to follow a formal analysis process to ensure the accuracy and quality of the annotations. This includes identifying relevant research sources , analyzing their content, and summarizing the key findings. By integrating these annotated sources into their own writing, nursing students can support their arguments with evidence-based research and strengthen the credibility of their work.

Parts of an Annotated Bibliography

When creating an annotated bibliography for nursing, it is important to understand the different components that make up this scholarly resource. An annotated bibliography consists of two main parts: the citation and the annotation .

The citation provides the necessary information about the source, including the author’s name, the title of the work, the date of publication, and other relevant details. It follows a specific formatting style, such as APA, to ensure consistency and proper documentation.

The annotation, on the other hand, is a brief summary and evaluation of the source. It provides insights into the content of the source, its relevance to the topic, and the author’s credibility. The annotation helps readers understand the key points of the source and its potential value for further research.

When preparing a nursing annotated bibliography, it is important to adhere to the required format for citations and annotations. This ensures that your annotated bibliography is well-structured, properly documented, and provides valuable insights into the sources used in your research.

Table: Parts of an Annotated Bibliography

By understanding the parts of an annotated bibliography and following the required formatting guidelines, nursing students can effectively organize and present their research sources , showcasing the relevance and quality of their selected materials.

Example of a Nursing Annotated Bibliography

An example of a nursing annotated bibliography is provided below. This annotated bibliography focuses on peer-reviewed journal articles related to evidence-based practice in pain management :

By analyzing each source in the annotated bibliography, nursing students can gain a deeper understanding of evidence-based practice in pain management. These peer-reviewed journal articles provide valuable insights into the current research and best practices in the field, helping nursing students stay updated and informed in their studies.

Steps for Writing a Good Nursing Annotated Bibliography

Writing a nursing annotated bibliography requires careful attention to detail and a systematic approach. Follow these steps to create a well-structured and informative annotated bibliography:

1. Choose a Relevant Topic

Select a topic that is specific and relevant to your nursing research . It should align with the requirements of your assignment or the focus of your study. Consider the scope of your topic and ensure that there are enough credible sources available to support your research.

2. Find Reliable Research Sources

Conduct a thorough search for scholarly sources such as peer-reviewed journals, reputable websites, and academic databases. Evaluate the credibility and relevance of each source before including it in your annotated bibliography. Make sure to gather a diverse range of sources to provide a comprehensive understanding of your topic.

3. Analyze and Summarize the Sources

Read and critically analyze each source to identify the main arguments, findings, and key points. Take notes while reading and highlight important information that you can include in your annotations. Write concise summaries that capture the essence of each source and its relevance to your topic.

4. Write Annotations

In your annotations, provide a brief summary of the source’s content and explain its relevance to your research. Evaluate the source’s credibility, methodology, and contribution to the field of nursing. Discuss how the source strengthens or challenges existing knowledge and theories. Be concise and articulate in your annotations to ensure clarity and coherence.

By following these steps, you can write a nursing annotated bibliography that demonstrates your research skills and knowledge in the field of nursing. Remember to adhere to the required formatting style, such as APA or AMA, and proofread your annotated bibliography for any errors before submission.

Manual vs. Automatic Annotated Bibliography Nursing Preparation

When it comes to preparing a nursing annotated bibliography, there are two main approaches: manual and automatic. Each method has its own advantages and considerations, depending on the specific needs and preferences of the nursing student. Understanding the differences between manual and automatic preparation can help nursing students make informed choices about how to approach their annotated bibliography assignments.

Manual Annotated Bibliography

In manual preparation, nursing students carefully select and analyze each source for their annotated bibliography. They read and summarize the content of each source, ensuring that they have a clear understanding of the information presented. Manual preparation also involves formatting the citations and annotations according to the required style, such as APA or AMA. This method allows students to have more control over the selection and evaluation process, ensuring that only the most relevant and reliable sources are included in their annotated bibliography.

Automatic Annotated Bibliography

On the other hand, automatic preparation involves using online tools or services to generate citations and annotations automatically. This method can save nursing students time, especially when dealing with a large number of sources. However, it’s important to note that automatic preparation may sacrifice some level of quality and accuracy. Online tools may not always capture the nuances of the content or properly evaluate the relevance and reliability of the sources. Nursing students who choose this method should carefully review and revise the generated citations and annotations to ensure their accuracy and credibility.

Formatting services can also be a useful resource for nursing students who want to ensure the accuracy and adherence to the required style of their annotated bibliography. These services can assist with editing and formatting, helping students present their research in a professional and polished manner.

In conclusion, both manual and automatic approaches to preparing a nursing annotated bibliography have their pros and cons. Nursing students should consider their own preferences, time constraints, and the specific requirements of their assignments before deciding which method to use. Ultimately, the goal is to create a well-structured and informative annotated bibliography that showcases the student’s research skills and knowledge.

Finding Reliable Nursing Annotated Bibliography Assistance

When it comes to preparing a nursing annotated bibliography, finding reliable assistance is crucial for BSN, MSN, and DNP nursing students . NursingWriters.net is a reputable writing service that specializes in providing high-quality nursing annotated bibliographies. With a team of experienced and credible writers , we offer personalized support to help nursing students excel in their academic writing.

At NursingWriters.net, we understand the importance of using reputable sources in nursing research . That’s why our writers are well-versed in accessing and evaluating credible resources to ensure the accuracy and reliability of your annotated bibliography. We focus on selecting peer-reviewed journals, authoritative books, and other scholarly sources that are relevant to your nursing topic.

Our reliable writing services go beyond just providing a well-structured nursing annotated bibliography. We also offer formatting services to ensure your bibliography adheres to the required style, whether it’s APA, AMA, ASA, or Harvard format. Our goal is to deliver a polished and professional annotated bibliography that meets the highest academic standards and showcases your research skills.

When you choose NursingWriters.net for your nursing annotated bibliography assistance , you can trust that our team of credible writers will provide you with a high-quality paper that meets your academic needs. We are committed to delivering timely and accurate results, giving you the confidence to excel in your nursing studies.

In-Depth Analysis of Nursing Annotated Bibliography Topics

When addressing your nursing annotated bibliography topic , it is crucial to delve into the author’s work and explore the main concepts they present. Start by providing a concise summary of the author’s research and how it relates to your chosen topic. Highlight the key points and arguments the author makes, focusing on their relevance to nursing research and practice. By thoroughly evaluating the author’s work , you can gain a deeper understanding of the subject matter and its implications for nursing.

Evaluating the author’s work involves critically assessing the methodology used in their research. Consider the strengths and limitations of the study design, data collection methods, and analysis techniques. Reflect on any notable findings or implications that emerged from the research. Discuss the significance of these findings in the context of nursing, considering how they contribute to existing knowledge in the field and their potential impact on nursing practice.

Table: Key Concepts in Nursing Annotated Bibliography Topics

Furthermore, it is essential to evaluate the author’s expertise and credibility in the field of nursing. Consider their qualifications, experience, and affiliations to determine their authority on the topic. Assess the objectivity, correctness, and dependability of their research, considering any potential biases or conflicts of interest. By critically evaluating the author’s work, you can determine its value and reliability in informing your own research and practice.

In conclusion, a comprehensive analysis of nursing annotated bibliography topics involves exploring the author’s work, identifying key concepts, evaluating the research methodology, and assessing the relevance and credibility of the material. By engaging in this in-depth analysis, you can gain valuable insights into the topic, contribute to the body of nursing knowledge, and enhance your own understanding and evaluation of nursing research.

When it comes to preparing a nursing annotated bibliography, there are two main approaches: manual and automatic. Each method has its own advantages and considerations to keep in mind.

Manual preparation:

This involves a hands-on approach to selecting and analyzing each source for your annotated bibliography. You will need to carefully read and summarize the content of each source, ensuring that you understand its relevance to your research topic. Manual preparation also requires you to format the citations and annotations correctly according to the required style, such as APA or AMA.

Automatic preparation:

On the other hand, automatic preparation uses online tools or services to generate citations and annotations automatically. This can save you time, especially when dealing with a large number of sources. However, be cautious as the quality may vary, and relying solely on automatic generation may compromise the accuracy and relevance of your annotated bibliography.

Formatting services:

If you need assistance with editing and formatting your annotated bibliography, there are formatting services available that can help ensure accuracy and adherence to the required style. These services can also provide guidance on the overall structure and organization of your annotated bibliography, helping you create a well-presented and professional document.

Deciding whether to use manual or automatic preparation methods for your nursing annotated bibliography depends on your individual needs and preferences. Consider the time you have available, the number of sources you need to include, and the level of control and accuracy you desire in your bibliography. Additionally, formatting services can be a valuable resource to ensure your annotated bibliography meets the required standards.

Why Else to Use Nursing Annotated Bibliography Assistance With Topics

“Using nursing annotated bibliography assistance can be highly beneficial for nursing students. Reliable writing services offer high-quality papers and personalized support , saving time and ensuring a well-structured annotated bibliography. With the help of experienced nursing writers, students can navigate the complexities of research and gain a deeper understanding of the topic.”

When working on a nursing annotated bibliography, it can be overwhelming to search for relevant sources, analyze their content, and summarize their findings. This is where nursing annotated bibliography assistance can make a difference. Reliable writing services provide expert guidance and support, allowing nursing students to focus on their studies and other responsibilities.

With nursing annotated bibliography assistance, students can expect high-quality papers that adhere to the required formatting style and meet the highest standards of academic writing. Professional writers with nursing expertise will carefully select and evaluate the most relevant sources for the topic at hand, ensuring the annotated bibliography is comprehensive and informative.

Furthermore, personalized support from experienced nursing writers can help students improve their research and writing skills. By working closely with a nursing writer, students can gain valuable insights and guidance on how to critically analyze sources, develop strong annotations, and enhance their overall understanding of the topic.

Nursing Annotated Bibliography Topics

When it comes to nursing annotated bibliography topics , there are numerous areas of nursing research that can be explored. It is crucial to select relevant references that provide valuable insights into the chosen topic and contribute to the overall understanding of nursing research. Here are some examples of nursing annotated bibliography topics :

• Nursing theories and their application in practice
• Epidemiology precautions and strategies for disease prevention
• Nursing burnout and strategies for self-care and resilience
• Universal healthcare programs and their impact on healthcare delivery

Nursing Theories: An Annotated Bibliography

In this annotated bibliography, various nursing theories are explored to understand their relevance and application in clinical practice. Each reference provides valuable insights into different nursing theories and their impact on patient care.

These are just a few examples of nursing annotated bibliography topics that highlight the breadth and depth of nursing research. By exploring relevant references and providing concise commentaries , nursing students can enhance their understanding of various nursing concepts and contribute to the advancement of nursing knowledge.

In conclusion, creating a nursing annotated bibliography is an important skill for BSN, MSN, and DNP nursing students. It allows students to explore their research topic in depth, evaluate the credibility and relevance of different sources, and enhance their understanding of nursing research. By following the steps outlined in this guide, students can prepare well-structured and informative annotated bibliographies that contribute to their academic success.

The key takeaways from this guide are to carefully select and analyze each source, provide concise summaries and evaluations in the annotations, and adhere to the required formatting style, such as APA or AMA. It is also important to consider the option of seeking professional assistance if needed, whether it be through manual preparation or automated tools.

Overall, nursing annotated bibliographies are valuable resources that showcase a student’s ability to thoroughly research and critically analyze nursing literature. They provide a foundation for evidence-based practice and can significantly enhance the quality and credibility of nursing research papers. By mastering the art of creating a nursing annotated bibliography, nursing students can excel in their academic journey and contribute to the advancement of nursing knowledge and practice.

What is a nursing annotated bibliography?

A nursing annotated bibliography is a combined list of citations to books, articles, and other scholarly sources, followed by a summary (annotation) of each source. It helps inform the reader about the relevance, authority, and quality of the sources used in a nursing paper.

What are the parts of an annotated bibliography?

An annotated bibliography consists of two primary components: the citation and the annotation. The citation provides information about the source, such as the author, title, date, and publisher. The annotation is a concise and informative description that summarizes and evaluates the contents of the source.

How do I write a nursing annotated bibliography?

To write a good nursing annotated bibliography, follow these steps: select relevant sources, analyze and summarize the content, evaluate the relevance and significance of each source, and ensure correct formatting according to the required style.

Should I manually prepare my nursing annotated bibliography or use an online tool?

It depends on your preferences and the time you have available. Manual preparation involves carefully selecting and analyzing each source, reading and summarizing the content, and ensuring correct formatting. Automatic preparation uses online tools or services to generate citations and annotations automatically, saving time but potentially sacrificing quality.

How can I find reliable nursing annotated bibliography assistance?

When seeking nursing annotated bibliography assistance, choose a reputable writing service that guarantees quality and timely delivery. Look for services that work with credible and reliable sources, employ experienced nursing writers, and offer personalized support. Check online reviews and testimonials for a service’s reputation.

What should I include in the annotation of a nursing annotated bibliography?

In the annotation, provide a brief summary of the author’s work and their main concepts relevant to your topic. Evaluate the research and discuss the methodology used. Reflect on your own understanding and assess the research’s objectivity, correctness, and dependability.

What are some common nursing annotated bibliography topics?

Nursing annotated bibliography topics can cover a wide range of nursing research areas. Examples include nursing theories, epidemiology precautions, nursing burnout, universal healthcare programs, and more. Select relevant references that provide valuable insights into your chosen topic.

Why should I use nursing annotated bibliography assistance?

Using nursing annotated bibliography assistance can provide several benefits. Reliable writing services can help you save time and effort by researching and analyzing appropriate sources for your annotated bibliography. They can also ensure that your annotated bibliography meets the highest quality standards and follows the appropriate formatting style. Personalized support from experienced nursing writers can help improve your overall understanding of the topic.

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• Annotated Bibliography
• Evidence-Based Pyramid
• Evaluating Sources
• Using Sources

Steps to writing an annotated bibliography

• Research, identify, locate and read scholarly and professional articles, books and documents for your bibliography
• Critically screen, analyze and evaluate the sources
• organize the sources in a logical order
• Create citations in proper APA format (see APA tab)
• Compose annotations

Formatting the annotated bibliography

• Double space an annotated bibliography
• Cite references as you would for a paper, using hanging indents
• Compose up to two paragraphs per citation
• No additional spaces between entries
• Include title page in APA Style
• Use NoodleTools ! It will do the formating for you.  
• NoodleTools NoodleTools is an online tool for creating citations in APA, MLA or Chicago/Turabian format. It helps you to keep track of your citations and create a list of works cited. There are also tips for how to format in-text citations. NoodleTools Help Desk .

Critiquing the research

• Step-by-step guide to critiquing research. Part 2: qualitative research

What is an annotated bibliography?

An annotated bibliography is a list of sources in proper citation format, each with a descriptive paragraph. The description may critique, analyze or just summarize the content of the item. For this assignment,  you will write a critical/evaluative annotation for each source, critically appraising the evidence that addresses your practice problem.  

A good annotated bibliography:

• encourages you to think critically about the content of the works you are using, the importance of the works within the field of study, and the relation of the works to your own research and ideas.

• proves you have read and understand your sources.

• establishes your work as a valid source and you as a competent researcher.

• provides a way for others to decide whether a source will be helpful to their research if they read it.

*Excerpted from The Writing Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

The Annotated Bibliography should be the final result after a thorough review of the literature on your topic. Different databases should be searched to get different perspectives. If 8-10 sources are required, you should be reviewing many more sources (20-25), in detail,  before making final selections.

What to include in the annotation

Ultimately, you are evaluating the articles to determine how good the information is and can this evidence contribute to addressing the practice problem you chose for your Action Plan. A critical analysis of  the research should discuss the strengths, weaknesses and findings of the study. It should also include credibility factors like the author's qualifications and writing style and integrity factors, such as were all steps of the research process followed. There are several systems for evaluating and grading research (see AHRQ  and Fawcett text on left), but some standards for research studies (qualitative research, particularly) that should be evaluated by you are

• Specific reseach questions set forth
• Defined and justified sample
• Valid data collection
• Appropriate analytic methods
• Interpretations based on the data*

*Fink, A. (2009).  Conducting Research Literature Reviews. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Sample Annotated Bibliography

• NURS/HCM 660 Sample Annotated Bibliography

Take a look at this example of an acceptable annotated bibligraphy:

Contact Librarian for Nursing

• Next: Finding Sources >>
• Last Updated: Feb 26, 2024 10:24 AM
• URL: https://stevenson.libguides.com/nurs660

University Library

• Research Guides
• Annotated Bibliographies
• Evidence-Based Practice
• Books & Media
• Literature Reviews

What is an Annotated Bibliography?

Sample annotations, useful links.

So you’ve been assigned an annotated bibliography . . . what does that mean?

An  annotated bibliography  is a descriptive list of resources (books, articles, films, sound recordings, Web sites, etc.) focusing on a common theme. Each entry in an annotated bibliography has a full citation and an annotation ranging from a few sentences to several paragraphs.

The  citation  provides information about the author, title, date, source, and publisher of the item. Citations should be formatted according to one of the style manuals: MLA, APA, CBE, or Chicago/Turabian. See our guide on  Citation Styles  for more information.

The  annotation  is a concise and informative description that summarizes and evaluates the contents of a resource. It differs from an abstract, which just summarizes the original content. An annotation usually strikes a balance between summary and evaluation by addressing some of the following:

• Describe briefly the  content  of a resource
• Evaluate the  usefulness  of the item for the particular topic being studied
• Explain the  methodology  that was used
• Draw attention to any  themes  addressed
• Highlight  strengths  and/or  weaknesses
• Discuss the  reliability  of the author or source
• Critically  evaluate  the content for accuracy, bias, and authority

In MLA Format (but make sure to double-space):

In APA Format  (but make sure to double-space):

These samples have different strengths and weaknesses. The highlighting demonstrates which part of the annotation is summary and which part is evaluation . A librarian's evaluation of each annotation is provided. 

Annotation 1: 

Ehrenreich, Barbara.  Nickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting By in America.  New York: Henry Holt and Company, 2011. Print. 

In this book of nonfiction based on the journalist's experiential research , Ehrenreich attempts to ascertain whether it is currently possible for an individual to live on minimum wage in America. Taking jobs as a waitress, a maid in a cleaning service, and a Wal-Mart sales employee, the author summarizes and reflects on her work, her relationships with fellow workers, and her financial struggles in each situation. A n experienced journalist, Ehrenreich is aware of the limitations of her experiment and the ethical implications of her experiential research tactics and reflects on these issues in the text. The author is forthcoming about her methods and supplements her experiences with scholarly research on her places of employment, the economy, and the rising cost of living in America. Ehrenreich's  project is timely, descriptive, and well-researched.  

Librarian's Score: A-

This annotations include both summary and evaluation. The evaluation addresses authority and accuracy, but it could be a little stronger. For example, it could answer: What audience would benefit from reading this book? What I like about this annotation is the evaluation includes both the upside and downside to Ehrenreich's approach. It speaks to her position as the author (to wit: she's experienced, but she also backs up her work with research). The summary is also very good. I get a good sense of what this is about. 

Annotation 2: 

Waite, Linda J., Frances Kobrin Goldscheider, and Christina Witsberger. "Nonfamily living and the erosion of traditional family orientations among young adults." American Sociological Review 51.4 (1986): 541-554. Print.

The authors, researchers at the Rand Corporation and Brown University, use data from the National Longitudinal Surveys of Young Women and Young Men to test their hypothesis that nonfamily living by young adults alters their attitudes, values, plans, and expectations, moving them away from their belief in traditional sex roles. They find their hypothesis strongly supported in young females, while the effects were fewer in studies of young males. Increasing the time away from parents before marrying increased individualism, self-sufficiency, and changes in attitudes about families. In contrast, an earlier study by Williams cited below shows no significant gender differences in sex role attitudes as a result of nonfamily living. 

Librarian's Score: C

This annotation is mostly summary. The summary is strong, but the evaluation is weak. I’m glad to learn that the authors work for reputable institutions, but more evaluation could be included.

Annotation 3: 

Kotrla, Kimberly. "Domestic minor sex trafficking in the United States."  Social Work  55.2 (2010): 181-187.  Academic Search Premier.  Web. 15 Mar 2012. 

This article is about the sex trafficking of children and young adults. It is more commonly now being called "domestic minor sex trafficking." It is considered modern-day slavery. The author discusses: victims, the supply and demand of domestic minor sex tracking , how different countries tolerate it, help provided to survivors, and what this type of trafficking is. T his evidence is credible because it comes from social workers who work for the government. The goals of this source is to explain to people what domestic minor sex trafficking is, who is at risk, and what social workers can do to stop this problem. I t also brings up the human trafficking in the United States. The author, Kimberly Kotrla , is an assistant professor in the School of Social Work at Baylor University in Waco, Texas. She was a social worker for 10 years and does a lot of research about human trafficking. She gives most of her attention to the sexual exploitation of children in America. Kotrla is also on the human trafficking prevention task force committee. The audience of this article is most likely parents of young children and social workers. Published in 2010, it is fairly current. I felt that this source was an easy read, but written for a mature and educated audience.

Librarian's Score: B

This student did a great job of combining summary and evaluation. She told me what the article is about, its content as well as its purpose ("The goals of this source is..."). She addresses the author's credentials, the audience for the piece, and currency, and also the accuracy of the information ("social workers who work for the government"). However, this annotation lacks a critical analysis of how this article is relevant for the student's research question.

• Citing Sources A research guide on citation styles written by SSU librarians.
• How to Prepare an Annotated Bibliography From the Cornell University Libraries.
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Annotated Bibliography Topics for Nursing: Unlocking Key Areas of Study and Research

This article was written in collaboration with Christine T. and ChatGPT, our little helper developed by OpenAI.

An annotated bibliography is an essential tool for nursing students, as it helps you review relevant literature, synthesize knowledge, and identify gaps in the existing research. Choosing the right topic for your annotated bibliography is crucial, as it determines the scope and focus of your research. In this blog post, we will explore various annotated bibliography topics for nursing, covering essential areas of study and research. These topics will inspire you for your next nursing assignment and help you delve deeper into your chosen field.

Nursing Theories and Models

Nursing theories and models serve as a foundation for clinical practice and research. An annotated bibliography on nursing theories and models can help you understand the historical development of nursing knowledge and its application to patient care. Some possible topics include:

• Application of Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory in nursing practice
• Exploring the use of Watson’s Theory of Human Caring in palliative care
• Evaluating the effectiveness of Roy’s Adaptation Model in managing chronic conditions
• Investigating the impact of Neuman’s Systems Model on patient outcomes
• Analyzing the relevance of Peplau’s Interpersonal Relations Theory in mental health nursing
• Analyzing the application of Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring in nursing practice
• Examining the role of Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory in the management of chronic conditions
• Investigating the impact of Patricia Benner’s Novice to Expert Model on nursing education and practice
• Assessing the application of Hildegard Peplau’s Interpersonal Relations Theory in mental health nursing
• Jean Watson’s human caring theory: impact and application in nursing
• Exploring the relevance of Madeleine Leininger’s Culture Care Theory in culturally diverse healthcare settings
• Evaluating the impact of Martha Rogers’ Science of Unitary Human Beings on holistic nursing practice
• Embracing Cultural Diversity in Nursing: An Analysis of Leininger’s Culture Care Theory
• Examining the use of Nola Pender’s Health Promotion Model in public health nursing
• Investigating the application of Sister Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model in the care of patients with chronic illnesses
• Assessing the influence of Imogene King’s Goal Attainment Theory on nurse-patient collaboration
• Exploring the relevance of Florence Nightingale’s Environmental Theory in modern nursing practice
• Analyzing the applicability of Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring in modern nursing practice
• Evaluating the impact of Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory on patient outcomes and self-management
• Embracing the four metaparadigms: a personal philosophy and exploration of nursing theories
• Examining the use of Roy’s Adaptation Model in guiding nursing interventions for patients with chronic illnesses
• Investigating the role of Peplau’s Interpersonal Relations Theory in enhancing nurse-patient communication
• Assessing the application of Leininger’s Transcultural Nursing Theory in promoting culturally competent care
• Exploring the effectiveness of Neuman’s Systems Model in preventing patient readmissions
• Florence Nightingale’s environmental theory: impact and relevance in modern nursing
• Analyzing the use of Nola Pender’s Health Promotion Model in community health nursing initiatives
• Evaluating the role of King’s Theory of Goal Attainment in promoting patient adherence to treatment plans
• Examining the application of Patricia Benner’s Novice to Expert Model in nursing professional development
• Investigating the use of Martha Rogers’ Science of Unitary Human Beings in holistic nursing practice

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Evidence-Based Practice

The evidence-based practice integrates clinical expertise, patient values, and the best research evidence into decision-making. An annotated bibliography on evidence-based practice can help you identify effective interventions and critically appraise research studies. Possible topics include:

• Evaluating the effectiveness of nurse-led interventions for diabetes management
• Investigating the impact of early mobilization on postoperative outcomes
• Analyzing the use of risk assessment tools for pressure ulcer prevention
• Examining the role of telehealth in managing chronic conditions
• Assessing the effectiveness of therapeutic hypothermia in treating neonatal encephalopathy
• Evaluating the effectiveness of hand hygiene interventions in reducing hospital-acquired infections
• Investigating the impact of nurse-led pain management programs on patient satisfaction and outcomes
• Assessing the use of simulation-based education in improving nursing students’ clinical skills
• Exploring the effectiveness of telehealth interventions in managing chronic conditions
• Examining the role of evidence-based practice in addressing healthcare disparities
• Analyzing the impact of nurse-driven protocols on patient outcomes in critical care settings
• Evaluating the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions in reducing nurse burnout
• Investigating the use of technology-enhanced learning in nursing education
• Assessing the impact of nurse-led transitional care programs on reducing hospital readmissions
• Exploring the effectiveness of early mobilization in the management of critically ill patients
• Examining the role of evidence-based practice in the prevention and management of delirium in hospitalized patients
• Assessing the effectiveness of evidence-based fall prevention strategies in acute care settings
• Evaluating the impact of evidence-based pain management interventions on patient satisfaction and outcomes
• Examining the use of evidence-based wound care protocols in promoting healing and preventing infection
• Investigating the role of evidence-based nurse-led interventions in managing chronic diseases
• Assessing the effectiveness of evidence-based strategies for reducing medication errors in nursing practice
• Evaluating the impact of evidence-based communication techniques on nurse-patient interactions
• Examining the use of evidence-based guidelines for the prevention and management of pressure ulcers
• Investigating the role of evidence-based practice in improving nursing documentation and patient care planning
• Assessing the effectiveness of evidence-based strategies for preventing hospital-acquired infections
• Evaluating the impact of evidence-based nursing interventions on patient and family satisfaction

Patient Safety and Quality Improvement

Patient safety and quality improvement are central to nursing practice and research. An annotated bibliography on this topic can help you identify best practices and strategies to enhance patient safety and improve the quality of care. Some potential topics include:

• Investigating the impact of bedside handover on patient safety and satisfaction
• Evaluating the effectiveness of medication reconciliation in reducing medication errors
• Analyzing the role of nursing leadership in promoting a culture of safety
• Examining the impact of nurse staffing on patient outcomes and safety
• Assessing the effectiveness of rapid response teams in preventing adverse events
• Investigating the impact of medication reconciliation on patient safety in hospital settings
• Assessing the effectiveness of fall prevention interventions in reducing fall-related injuries among hospitalized patients
• Exploring the role of teamwork and communication in promoting patient safety in healthcare settings
• Analyzing the impact of nurse staffing ratios on patient outcomes and safety
• Evaluating the use of rapid response teams in identifying and managing deteriorating patients
• Examining the role of quality improvement initiatives in reducing healthcare-associated infections
• Combating health care-associated infections: a community-based approach
• Investigating the impact of barcode medication administration systems on medication errors and patient safety
• Assessing the effectiveness of simulation training in enhancing nurses’ competence in managing medical emergencies
• Exploring healthcare informatics: evolution, challenges, and solutions
• Exploring strategies to reduce alarm fatigue and improve patient safety in critical care settings
• Analyzing the role of human factors and ergonomics in promoting patient safety in nursing practice
• Investigating the impact of teamwork and collaboration on patient safety outcomes in healthcare settings
• Assessing the effectiveness of nursing-led quality improvement initiatives in reducing adverse events
• Evaluating the role of error reporting and feedback systems in promoting a culture of safety in nursing practice
• Examining the use of simulation-based training in improving nursing competence and patient safety
• Investigating the impact of technology and informatics on patient safety and quality of care
• Assessing the effectiveness of strategies for reducing patient falls in hospital settings
• Evaluating the role of leadership and management in promoting patient safety and quality improvement in nursing practice
• Examining the use of patient-centered care models in enhancing patient safety and satisfaction
• Investigating the impact of interdisciplinary collaboration on patient safety and quality outcomes in healthcare settings

Nursing Education

Nursing education is constantly evolving to meet the changing needs of healthcare systems and patient populations. An annotated bibliography on nursing education can help you explore innovative teaching strategies, curriculum development, and the role of technology in nursing education. Some topics to consider include:

• Evaluating the effectiveness of simulation-based training in nursing education
• Investigating the impact of problem-based learning on nursing students’ critical thinking skills
• Transforming advanced nursing practice: embracing IOM recommendations and higher education
• Analyzing the role of interprofessional education in promoting teamwork and collaboration
• Examining the use of e-learning and digital technologies in nursing education
• Assessing the effectiveness of clinical supervision in enhancing nursing students’ competence
• Digital healthcare and organizational learning: enhancing patient care through technology and knowledge management
• Investigating the effectiveness of problem-based learning in nursing education
• Assessing the impact of clinical simulation on nursing students’ critical thinking and clinical judgment skills
• Exploring the role of interprofessional education in promoting collaboration and teamwork among healthcare professionals
• Evaluating the use of e-learning and blended learning approaches in nursing education
• The integral role of nurses in healthcare systems: the importance of education and experience
• Examining strategies to promote student engagement and active learning in nursing programs
• Investigating the impact of mentorship and preceptorship on nursing students’ clinical learning experiences
• Assessing the effectiveness of standardized patient simulations in enhancing nursing students’ communication and interpersonal skills
• Importance and application of patient education technology in healthcare
• Exploring strategies to promote cultural competence and diversity in nursing education
• Assessing the effectiveness of problem-based learning in nursing education
• Evaluating the impact of simulation-based training on nursing student competence and confidence
• Examining the role of technology and online learning platforms in nursing education
• Investigating the impact of interprofessional education on nursing students’ collaboration and teamwork skills
• Understanding the impact of the American Healthcare System Regulatory Acts
• Assessing the effectiveness of clinical preceptorships in preparing nursing students for practice
• Evaluating the role of mentorship and coaching in supporting nursing student success and retention
• Nursing: A beautiful blend of art and science
• Examining the use of reflective practice and journaling in fostering critical thinking and self-awareness in nursing students
• Investigating the impact of nursing education on patient outcomes and quality of care
• Assessing the effectiveness of strategies for promoting diversity and inclusion in nursing education
• The delicate dance: balancing art and science in the nursing profession
• Evaluating the role of accreditation and regulation in maintaining quality standards in nursing education programs

Nursing Leadership and Management

Nursing leadership and management are vital in delivering quality patient care and advancing the nursing profession. An annotated bibliography on nursing leadership and management can help you explore the characteristics of effective nurse leaders, the impact of nursing leadership on patient outcomes, and strategies for promoting leadership development among nurses. Some topics to consider include:

• Analyzing the relationship between transformational leadership and nursing staff job satisfaction
• Investigating the impact of nurse managers’ leadership styles on patient outcomes
• Evaluating the effectiveness of mentorship programs in developing nursing leadership skills
• Examining the role of emotional intelligence in nursing leadership
• Assessing the challenges and opportunities for nurse leaders in the era of healthcare reform
• Investigating the impact of transformational leadership on nursing staff satisfaction and patient outcomes
• Understanding the US. Health Care Reform: necessity, challenges, and implementation
• Assessing the effectiveness of shared governance models in promoting nurse engagement and empowerment
• Exploring strategies to enhance nurse retention and reduce turnover in healthcare organizations
• Evaluating the role of nursing leaders in promoting a culture of safety and quality improvement
• Examining the impact of effective communication and conflict resolution skills on nursing team performance
• Investigating the role of nurse managers in supporting and mentoring new nursing graduates
• Assessing strategies to promote work-life balance and well-being among nursing staff
• Exploring the impact of nursing leadership on the implementation of evidence-based practice in healthcare settings
• Examining the role of nurse leaders in promoting diversity and inclusion within nursing teams
• Analyzing the role of transformational leadership in promoting nursing excellence and innovation
• Investigating the impact of nursing management styles on staff satisfaction and retention
• Healthcare management: career paths and requirements
• Assessing the effectiveness of strategies for developing nursing leadership competencies
• Evaluating the role of communication and conflict resolution skills in effective nursing management
• Examining the use of performance metrics and evaluations in guiding nursing leadership and management decisions
• Investigating the impact of nursing leadership on organizational culture and patient outcomes
• Assessing the effectiveness of strategies for promoting a healthy work-life balance in nursing leaders and managers
• Evaluating the role of continuing education and professional development in enhancing nursing leadership skills
• Examining the use of evidence-based management practices in optimizing nursing workforce and resources
• Investigating the impact of nursing leadership on interdisciplinary collaboration and teamwork in healthcare settings

Nursing Ethics and Legal Issues

Nursing ethics and legal issues are fundamental to nursing, as they guide nurses’ decision-making and protect the rights of patients and healthcare providers. An annotated bibliography can help you explore ethical principles, dilemmas, and legal considerations in nursing practice. Some potential topics include:

• Investigating the ethical challenges in end-of-life care decision-making
• Analyzing the role of informed consent in protecting patient autonomy
• Examining the ethical implications of patient confidentiality and privacy in the digital age
• Assessing the impact of mandatory reporting laws on nurse-patient relationships
• Exploring the ethical considerations in genetic testing and personalized medicine
• Exploring the ethical implications of end-of-life care decisions in nursing practice
• Investigating the impact of patient privacy and confidentiality on the nurse-patient relationship
• Assessing the role of nursing ethics in guiding decision-making in complex clinical situations
• Examining the legal and ethical considerations surrounding the use of advanced directives in healthcare
• Investigating the ethical challenges of informed consent in nursing practice
• Assessing the impact of professional boundaries on the nurse-patient relationship
• Exploring the role of ethical decision-making models in resolving ethical dilemmas in nursing practice
• Examining the impact of nursing advocacy on patient rights and autonomy
• Investigating strategies to promote ethical practice and prevent moral distress among nursing staff
• Analyzing the role of ethical decision-making in nursing practice
• Investigating the impact of patient privacy and confidentiality on nursing care and outcomes
• Assessing the effectiveness of strategies for addressing ethical dilemmas in nursing practice
• Evaluating the role of informed consent in promoting patient autonomy and shared decision-making
• Examining the use of advocacy and policy initiatives in addressing nursing ethical and legal concerns
• Investigating the impact of cultural competence and sensitivity on ethical nursing practice
• Assessing the effectiveness of strategies for promoting professional boundaries in nurse-patient relationships
• Evaluating the role of nursing codes of ethics and professional guidelines in guiding nursing practice
• Examining the use of legal and risk management strategies in preventing malpractice claims and promoting patient safety
• Investigating the impact of ethical leadership on nursing practice and patient outcomes

Nursing Specialties

Nursing is a diverse profession with a wide range of specialties, each with its unique challenges, opportunities, and areas of research. An annotated bibliography on nursing specialties can help you explore your chosen field’s latest evidence, trends, and innovations. Some possible topics include:

• Investigating the role of advanced practice nurses in primary care
• Evaluating the effectiveness of trauma-informed care in psychiatric nursing
• Analyzing the impact of nurse-led interventions in oncology settings
• Examining the challenges and opportunities in rural and remote nursing practice
• Assessing the effectiveness of family-centered care in pediatric nursing
• Exploring the role of pediatric nurses in promoting family-centered care and child health outcomes
• Investigating the impact of oncology nursing interventions on patient satisfaction and quality of life
• Assessing the effectiveness of psychiatric nursing interventions in the management of mental health disorders
• Examining the role of senior nurses in promoting the health and well-being of older adults
• Investigating the impact of critical care nursing interventions on patient outcomes and resource utilization
• Assessing the role of community health nurses in promoting health and preventing disease in vulnerable populations
• Exploring the impact of nurse-midwives on maternal and newborn health outcomes
• Examining the role of nurse practitioners in providing primary care services and addressing healthcare disparities
• Global health learning in nursing and health care disparities
• Investigating the impact of forensic nursing interventions on victim recovery and criminal justice outcomes
• Assessing the effectiveness of nursing interventions in the management of chronic conditions, such as diabetes and heart failure
• Evaluating the role of nursing in the care of patients with mental health conditions, such as depression and anxiety
• Examining the use of evidence-based practice in pediatric nursing care
• Investigating the impact of specialized nursing roles in oncology care and cancer survivorship
• Assessing the effectiveness of nursing interventions in critical care settings, such as the intensive care unit
• Evaluating the role of nursing in the care of older adults and the promotion of healthy aging
• Examining the use of evidence-based practice in emergency nursing care
• Investigating the impact of specialized nursing roles in community and public health initiatives
• Assessing the effectiveness of nursing interventions in the management of patients with substance use disorders
• Evaluating the role of nursing in the care of patients with complex and multiple comorbidities, such as those in palliative care settings

With these annotated bibliography topics for nursing, you can delve deeper into the many facets of nursing practice, research, and education. By exploring these areas, you will enhance your understanding of the nursing profession, develop critical thinking skills, and contribute to the body of knowledge in your chosen field. Happy researching!

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NURS 334: Pediatric Nursing: Annotated Bibliography

Annotated bibliography.

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"How are annotated bibliographies formatted in APA?" .cls-1{fill:#fff;stroke:#79a13f;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-width:5px;}.cls-2{fill:#79a13f;} Annotated bibliographies in APA are formatted a lot like a reference page, except there are paragraphs (the annotation) placed below the reference that you would write. Check out the example below.

What is an annotated bibliography.

"An annotated bibliography is a list of citations to books, articles, and documents. Each citation is followed by a brief (usually about 150 words) descriptive and evaluative paragraph, the annotation. The purpose of the annotation is to inform the reader of the relevance, accuracy, and quality of the sources cited" (Engle, n.d.).

APA defines an annotated bibliography as, "a type of student paper in which reference list entries are followed by short descriptions of the work called annotations . Annotated bibliographies can also constitute one element of a research paper in fields that require bibliographies rather than reference lists." The APA Publication Manual further notes that, "it is not necessary to cite the work being annotated in the annotation because the origin of the information is clear through context. However, do include in-text citations (see Chapter 8) if you refer to multiple works within an annotation to clarify the source" (APA, 2020, p.307).

• Overview: Annotated Bibliographies This page describes what an annotated bibliography is and how to write one. There are also examples of annotations.
• How to Prepare an Annotated Bibliography This guide from the Cornell University Library explains how to summarize, evaluate, and cite the sources for your annotated bibliography.
• Annotated Bibliography Handout This handout walks you through the steps to writing an annotated bibliography for NURS 334.

Annotated Bibliography Example

Example from APA Publication Manual, p.308

Workplace Stress: Annotated Bibliography

Barber, L. K., Grawitch, M. J., & Maloney, P. W. (2016). Work-life balance: Contemporary perspectives. In M. J. Grawitch & D. W. Ballard (Eds.), The psychologically healthy workplace: Building a win-win environment for organizations and employees (pp. 111-113). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/14731-006

This book chapter provides an overview of the psychosociological concept of work-life balance. The authors discuss findings from studies showing harmful effects of work-life conflict on psychological and behavioral health as well as beneficial effects of work-life facilitation, wherein one role makes a positive contribution to the other. The chapter concludes with a description of work-life balance initiatives that organizations have adopted to help employees manage their dual work and nonwork obligations and some of the key factors influencing their effectiveness.

Carlson, D. S., Thompson, M. J., & Kacmar, K. M. (2019). Double crossed: The spillover and crossover effects of work demands on work outcomes through the family. Journal of Applied Psychology , 104 (2). 214-228. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000348

Carlson et al. (2019) conducted an empirical study to examine the multiple paths through which work and family variables can affect work outcomes. Whereas Barber et al. (2016) explored how work obligations can increase stress or enhance fulfillment at home, Carlson et al. viewed work demands as raising family stress, with potential negative consequences on work performance. Results supported a model in which direct effects of work demands and spillover effects of work demands to work-to-family conflict led to lower job satisfaction and affective commitment, as well as crossover effects of work-to-family conflict, spousal stress transmission, and later family-­to-work conflict on organizational citizenship and absenteeism. Overall, the study demonstrated a link from work demands to work outcomes when considering the family, but those paths differed depending on whether attitudinal or behavioral work outcomes were examined.

American Psychological Association. (2020). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association . (7th ed.).

Engle, M. (n.d.). How to prepare an annotated bibliography: The annotated bibliography . Cornell University Library. Retrieved May 12, 2020 from http://guides.library.cornell.edu/annotatedbibliography/home

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• Annotated Bibliography
• Annotated Bibliographies Definition and explanation from Purdue Owl.
• Purdue Owl Annotated Bibliography Samples  See sample annotations from annotated bibliographies in MLA and APA style.
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Nursing-Undergraduate: Annotated Bibliographies

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Annotated Bibliography

The annotation is intended to help the reader decide if that resource is worth reading, relevancy, accuracy, and quality of the sources cited.  Therefore, these should be included:

• Brief description of author(s)
• An assement of the content
• A personal recommendation (not not) of worthiness

Annotated Bib

http://library.csun.edu/blogs/cited/tag/annotated-bibliography

Some documents

• Annotated Bib Worksheet This will help you select the information to include in your annotation.
• Annotated Bib worksheet in PDF The same as above, but in PDF
• Annotated Bibliography Example This handout provides information about annotated bibliographies in MLA, APA, and CMS. more... less... Courtesy of OWL Purdue
• Annotated Bibliography Samples You will find sample annotations from annotated bibliographies, each with a different research project. Remember that the annotations you include in your own bibliography should reflect your research project and/or the guidelines of your assignment. more... less... Courtesy of OWL Purdue

Other Guides

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Nursing: How to Prepare an Annotated Bibliography

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How to Prepare an Annotated Bibliography

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WHAT IS AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY?

An annotated bibliography is a list of citations to books, articles, and documents. Each citation is followed by a brief (usually about 150 words) descriptive and evaluative paragraph, the annotation. The purpose of the annotation is to inform the reader of the relevance, accuracy, and quality of the sources cited.

ANNOTATIONS VS. ABSTRACTS

Abstracts are the purely descriptive summaries often found at the beginning of scholarly journal articles or in periodical indexes. Annotations are descriptive and critical; they expose the author's point of view, clarity and appropriateness of expression, and authority.

THE PROCESS

Creating an annotated bibliography calls for the application of a variety of intellectual skills: concise exposition, succinct analysis, and informed library research.

First, locate and record citations to books, periodicals, and documents that may contain useful information and ideas on your topic. Briefly examine and review the actual items. Then choose those works that provide a variety of perspectives on your topic.

Cite the book, article, or document using the appropriate style.

Write a concise annotation that summarizes the central theme and scope of the book or article. Include one or more sentences that (a) evaluate the authority or background of the author, (b) comment on the intended audience, (c) compare or contrast this work with another you have cited, or (d) explain how this work illuminates your bibliography topic.

CRITICALLY APPRAISING THE BOOK, ARTICLE, OR DOCUMENT

For guidance in critically appraising and analyzing the sources for your bibliography, see How to Critically Analyze Information Sources . For information on the author's background and views, ask at the library for help finding appropriate biographical reference materials and book review sources.

CHOOSING THE CORRECT FORMAT FOR THE CITATIONS

Check with your instructor to find out which style is preferred for your class. Online citation guides for both the Modern Language Association (MLA) and the American Psychological Association (APA) styles are linked from the Library's Citations & Writing Page .

SAMPLE ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ENTRY FOR A JOURNAL ARTICLE

The following example uses the APA format for the journal citation.

The authors, researchers at the Rand Corporation and Brown University, use data from the National Longitudinal Surveys of Young Women and Young Men to test their hypothesis that nonfamily living by young adults alters their attitudes, values, plans, and expectations, moving them away from their belief in traditional sex roles. They find their hypothesis strongly supported in young females, while the effects were fewer in studies of young males. Increasing the time away from parents before marrying increased individualism, self-sufficiency, and changes in attitudes about families. In contrast, an earlier study by Williams cited below shows no significant gender differences in sex role attitudes as a result of nonfamily living.

This example uses the MLA format for the journal citation. NOTE: Standard MLA practice requires double spacing within citations.

Additional tutorial is provided by the Purdue OWL

With permission, the content on this page was reproduced and adapted from original material created by: Olin Library Reference Research & Learning Services Cornell University Library Ithaca, NY, USA

This work is licensed under a creative commons attribution-noncommercial-sharealike 2.5 license..

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Annotated Bibliography Samples

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Below you will find sample annotations from annotated bibliographies, each with a different research project. Remember that the annotations you include in your own bibliography should reflect your research project and/or the guidelines of your assignment.

As mentioned elsewhere in this resource, depending on the purpose of your bibliography, some annotations may summarize, some may assess or evaluate a source, and some may reflect on the source’s possible uses for the project at hand. Some annotations may address all three of these steps. Consider the purpose of your annotated bibliography and/or your instructor’s directions when deciding how much information to include in your annotations.

Please keep in mind that all your text, including the write-up beneath the citation, must be indented so that the author's last name is the only text that is flush left.

Sample MLA Annotation

Lamott, Anne. Bird by Bird: Some Instructions on Writing and Life . Anchor Books, 1995.

Lamott's book offers honest advice on the nature of a writing life, complete with its insecurities and failures. Taking a humorous approach to the realities of being a writer, the chapters in Lamott's book are wry and anecdotal and offer advice on everything from plot development to jealousy, from perfectionism to struggling with one's own internal critic.

In the process, Lamott includes writing exercises designed to be both productive and fun. Lamott offers sane advice for those struggling with the anxieties of writing, but her main project seems to be offering the reader a reality check regarding writing, publishing, and struggling with one's own imperfect humanity in the process. Rather than a practical handbook to producing and/or publishing, this text is indispensable because of its honest perspective, its down-to-earth humor, and its encouraging approach.

Chapters in this text could easily be included in the curriculum for a writing class. Several of the chapters in Part 1 address the writing process and would serve to generate discussion on students' own drafting and revising processes. Some of the writing exercises would also be appropriate for generating classroom writing exercises. Students should find Lamott's style both engaging and enjoyable.

In the sample annotation above, the writer includes three paragraphs: a summary, an evaluation of the text, and a reflection on its applicability to his/her own research, respectively.

For information on formatting MLA citations, see our MLA 9th Edition (2021) Formatting and Style Guide .

Sample APA Annotation

Ehrenreich, B. (2001). Nickel and dimed: On (not) getting by in America . Henry Holt and Company.

In this book of nonfiction based on the journalist's experiential research, Ehrenreich attempts to ascertain whether it is currently possible for an individual to live on a minimum-wage in America. Taking jobs as a waitress, a maid in a cleaning service, and a Walmart sales employee, the author summarizes and reflects on her work, her relationships with fellow workers, and her financial struggles in each situation.

An experienced journalist, Ehrenreich is aware of the limitations of her experiment and the ethical implications of her experiential research tactics and reflects on these issues in the text. The author is forthcoming about her methods and supplements her experiences with scholarly research on her places of employment, the economy, and the rising cost of living in America. Ehrenreich’s project is timely, descriptive, and well-researched.

The annotation above both summarizes and assesses the book in the citation. The first paragraph provides a brief summary of the author's project in the book, covering the main points of the work. The second paragraph points out the project’s strengths and evaluates its methods and presentation. This particular annotation does not reflect on the source’s potential importance or usefulness for this person’s own research.

For information on formatting APA citations, see our APA Formatting and Style Guide .

Sample Chicago Manual of Style Annotation

Davidson, Hilda Ellis. Roles of the Northern Goddess . London: Routledge, 1998.

Davidson's book provides a thorough examination of the major roles filled by the numerous pagan goddesses of Northern Europe in everyday life, including their roles in hunting, agriculture, domestic arts like weaving, the household, and death. The author discusses relevant archaeological evidence, patterns of symbol and ritual, and previous research. The book includes a number of black and white photographs of relevant artifacts.

This annotation includes only one paragraph, a summary of the book. It provides a concise description of the project and the book's project and its major features.

For information on formatting Chicago Style citations, see our Chicago Manual of Style resources.

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What is an Annotated Bibliography

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What is an Annotated Bibliography?

There are a couple main types of Annotated Bibliographies:

• Descriptive or Informative Annotations
• Critical or Analytical Annotations

What is the difference between Descriptive vs. Critical Annotations?

Descriptive annotations describe or summarize the source without evaluating the source. Critical annotations summarize the source, as well as  evaluate or analyze the content.

Summaries might include author information, main points or arguments, conclusions, why the source is useful, distinctive features (charts, images, etc.),as well as other descriptive information. Consult with your instructor about what they would like included.

Evaluations might include strengths and weaknesses of the source, applicability to your research, reliability and bias of source, comparison to other sources, as well as other evaluations. Consults with your instructor about what they would like included.  

How do I format an Annotated Bibliography? 

When formatting an annotated bibliography, follow APA Style guidelines for margins, font, line spacing, and references as you would any other paper. Your instructor should set all other requirements such as number of references to include, length and focus of each annotation, etc. 

If you have no other guidance on formatting your annotated bibliography, follow the APA Manual's formatting:

• References should be formatted and ordered the same as you would entries in a reference list (in alphabetical order)
• Start annotations as a new paragraph below the reference entry with a .5 in. indent from the left margin (similar to a block quotation). Do not indent the first line of the annotation.
• If the annotation is multiple paragraphs, indent the first line of the second and any following paragraphs an additional .5 in. 
• Sample Annotated Bibliography (APA 7th) The annotations used in this document originally appeared in the APA Manual (p. 308) and Purdue OWL website.

American Psychological Association. (2020). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.). https://doi.org/10.1037/0000165-000  

Pierce College Library. (2020, October 29). Annotated bibliographies .  https://library.piercecollege.edu/c.php?g=418583&p=2852859

Purdue OWL. (2021). Annotated bibliography samples.  https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/common_writing_assignments/annotated_bibliographies/annotated_bibliography_samples.html

University of Maryland Global Campus Library. (2021, July 29). How to write an annotated bibliography - APA Style (7th edition) .  https://libguides.umgc.edu/c.php?g=1141218&p=8325874#s-lg-box-wrapper-31045187

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Best Annotated Bibliography Topics for Nursing Papers Worth Covering

#i',$content, -1); --> table of contents anatomy of a good annotated bibliography nursing steps to covering annotated bibliography nursing topics in writing annotated bibliography topics for nursing: expert tips and topic ideas writing an annotated bibliography is a common nursing school task. it can be both a stand-alone assignment or a part of a series of assignments that culminate in a research paper, essay, term paper, or literature review. creating a nursing annotated bibliography is different from crafting an abstract or a list of references. however, writing becomes even more challenging when you don’t know which topic to write about or what specific information to include in your annotated bibliography. but don’t worry read the article to learn how to choose an excellent paper topic and find out how to write a nursing annotated bibliography that is extensive and informative at the same time. anatomy of a good annotated bibliography nursing.

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A well-written nursing annotated bibliography should include the following types of information:

• Full citations

This is a list of sources arranged in alphabetical order and formatted according to the recommended style (APA, AMA, MLA, Chicago, ASA, etc.). Typically, full citations have no word limit, but annotations do.

• Annotations

No matter the topic, your professor will expect you to provide annotations under each citation in your annotated bibliography. Annotations are 100-150 words in length in which you critically discuss and examine the source you cited. When writing annotations, focus on the following points:

• The author’s (s) authority, qualifications, and relevance.
• The research approach, methods, and design.
• The overall evaluation of the work with a focus on the importance of evidence.
• A summary of the key points and findings.
• The relationship between the study’s findings and those of others.
• How the work contributes to your research.

To get a good grade on your nursing annotated bibliography, make sure to include this information and remember that an annotated bibliography is not the same as a systematic review or evidence. Although both provide article summaries, the intentions and formats are entirely different.

Steps to Covering Annotated Bibliography Nursing Topics in Writing

To write a professional annotated bibliography that meets the highest standards, you have to use your research and writing skills to the best of your abilities. This means you need not only to pick a good topic for your nursing annotated bibliography but to cover it decently. The process requires a brief presentation, concise analysis, and thorough library research.

If you’ve been assigned an annotated bibliography, you need to take the following steps:

Step 1: Carefully check the professor’s guidelines to understand the scope of work, the number of sources to include, and the formatting style they expect you to use.

Step 2: Choose a topic that is of interest to you, is relevant to the course, and is manageable in terms of library research. Debatable annotated bibliography nursing topics like the ones related to the nursing shortage, staffing, addiction, quality assurance issues, and the healthcare system are always a win, so be sure to take advantage!

Step 3: Research the databases and organize your sources alphabetically. The most trusted options are PubMed, Medline, Scopus, ScienceDirect, EBSCO, Cochrane, Embase, etc. Remember to restrict your search to nursing articles published within the past five years when choosing literature.

Step 4: Read each source and note down the connections between it and your topic. Next, evaluate the chosen sources, conduct a critical analysis, and prepare an outline of your paper.

Step 5: Write concise annotations that summarize the scope of the source and its main points or findings. Our experts recommend using linking words to knit your ideas together and focus on the following:

• An evaluation of the author’s (s) background.
• An intended audience.
• Comparison of the articles you have selected.
• An explanation of how the chosen sources fit the context.

Step 6: Proofread your nursing annotated bibliography. Ensure there are no formatting, grammar, spelling, and organization issues. Make sure that everything that must be in bold is bolded and that the indentation is correct.

Now that you know the fundamentals, let’s move on to the pro tips on choosing the annotated bibliography topics nursing and the sixty ideas you use when you are feeling stuck.

Annotated Bibliography Topics for Nursing: Expert Tips and Topic Ideas

Choosing good annotated bibliography nursing topics is the best start because working on something that fascinates you is always simpler. Besides, there are some hacks to narrow down your choice if you must select one topic from several. According to the Loyola Marymount University (LMU), the topic selection process usually boils down to the following:

• Look for good reference sources (for example, topical encyclopedias) to check available topic options.
• Next, define the topic you’re genuinely interested in and can handle within the time limitations.
• Lastly, pick one aspect of the subject you can focus on and ensure it is narrow enough.

Below are annotated bibliography topics for nursing suggestions that you might consider.

General Nursing Topics

• The consequences of a nurse shortage on the quality of healthcare.
• Strategies to reduce ED overcrowding.
• Alarm fatigue’s effects on patient safety.
• Approaches to diagnosing postpartum depression in primary care settings.
• The influence of incivility on novice nurses.
• Factors contributing to medical errors in hospitals.
• The effects of simulations on the development of nursing skills.
• The significance of nursing theories in nursing practice.
• The history of healthcare reform in the United States.
• Advantages of continuing nursing education.

Pediatric Nursing

• The impact of antibiotics on newborn immunity.
• Effective treatment of childhood malnutrition.
• Managing psychological concerns in children suffering from physical conditions.
• Major causes of childhood mortality.
• Stem cell therapies for pediatric illnesses.
• Obesity prevention strategies for children.
• The pollution’s effects on infants born to exposed mothers.
• Strategies for preventing birth injuries.
• ADHD treatment in children with irritable symptoms.
• Methods for diagnosing and treating children’s respiratory diseases.

Geriatric Nursing

• The role of age in cardiovascular diseases.
• The immune system’s response to aging.
• Examination of malnutrition signs in senior patients.
• Parkinson’s disease in elderly females.
• Ethical considerations in geriatric critical care.
• Strategies for injury prevention in elderly patients.
• The importance of vaccination for elderly patients.
• Diet as a primary component in dementia management.
• Tactics for improving the oral health of elderly patients.
• Joint disorders in elderly patients.

Mental Health Nursing

• Medical care for patients with cognitive development disorders.
• The connection between depression and cancer.
• The benefits of utilizing antipsychotics to prevent delirium.
• Research into the relationship between dopamine levels and autism.
• Social media’s effects on mental health.
• Genetic causes of bipolar disorder.
• Strategies for treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
• Ways to improve movement functions in stroke patients.
• Mirror therapy’s effects on brain rehabilitation.
• Anorexia-related risk factors.

Topics Related to Women’s Health

• Sleep problems in menopausal women.
• Immigrant women’s healthcare.
• Examination of the breast cancer treatment strategies.
• Women’s sexual health disorders.
• The efficacy of breast screening as a preventive measure for breast cancer.
• Environmental factors contributing to increased infertility rates.
• Women’s skincare strategies.
• Treatment of infertility in young women: ethical aspects.
• Factors increasing the fertility rate in women.
• Emotional symptoms of acute premenstrual syndrome.

Healthcare Management in Nursing

• Strategies for improving homeless people’s healthcare.
• Evaluation of diversity in healthcare.
• The impact of digital technology on the nursing profession.
• Management of human resources in public hospitals.
• Improving employee relationships in healthcare.
• An investigation of gender roles in nursing.
• Evaluating the male workforce shortage in healthcare.
• The standard of healthcare in outpatient services.
• Insights into the administrative functions in nursing.
• The evaluation of uniform code rules in the nursing profession.

That’s all for now. We hope this extensive list of annotated bibliography topics will help you create a remarkable paper. Simply choose one of the options above and start searching for credible sources. Also, we recommend you get acquainted with what is an annotated bibliography in detail before getting to work. Stay tuned for more nursing-related articles, and good luck with your annotated bibliography! In case of any issues, don’t hesitate to order online nursing papers from verified professionals.

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The Annotated Bibliography

How to Make an Annotated Bibliography

An annotated bibliography is a bibliography [a list of the sources- like articles & books- referred to in a scholarly work] that gives a summary of each of the entries. The purpose of annotations is to provide the reader with a summary and an evaluation of the source. Each summary should be a concise exposition of the source's central idea(s) and give the reader a general idea of the source's content.

Source: The Free Dictionary

Contents include:

• Summary : Some annotations merely summarize the source. What are the main arguments? What is the point of this book or article? What topics are covered? If someone asked what this article/book is about, what would you say? The length of your annotations will determine how detailed your summary is.  Who is the intended audience?
• Assessment : After summarizing a source, it may be helpful to evaluate it. Is it a useful source? How does it compare with other sources in your bibliography? Is the information reliable? Is this source biased or objective? What is the goal of this source?
• Evaluation : Once you've summarized and assessed a source, you need to ask how it fits into your research. Was this source helpful to you? How does it help you shape your argument? How can you use this source in your research project? Has it changed how you think about your topic?
• Information on the author(s) : What is the author's authority? What are their qualifications?

Source: The OWL, Annotated Bibliographies.

More Annotated Bibliography Examples:

(These are links to electronic articles/annotated bibliographies found through the UTEP Library online catalog)

Conte, S. (2015). Learning Community Literature: Annotated Bibliography. New Directions For Student Services , (149), 91-100.  Retrieved from: http://0-search.ebscohost.com.lib.utep.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=101557586&site=ehost-live&scope=site

Cox, M. B., & Faris, M. J. (2015). An Annotated Bibliography of LGBTQ Rhetorics. Present Tense: A Journal Of Rhetoric In Society , 4 (2). Retrieved from: http://www.presenttensejournal.org/volume-4/an-annotated-bibliography-of-lgbtq-rhetorics/ 

Johnson, D. E., Schroder, S. I., Erickson, J. P., & Grimes, K. N. (2008). Annotated Bibliography on the Teaching of Psychology: 2007. Teaching Of Psychology , 35 (4), 376-384. doi:10.1080/00986280802390811 Retrieved from: http://0-search.ebscohost.com.lib.utep.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=35052650&site=ehost-live&scope=site

Masschelein, A., Meurée, C., Martens, D., Vanasten, S., & Willem, G. (2014). The Literary Interview: An Annotated Bibliography. Poetics Today , 35 (1/2), 51-116. doi:10.1215/03335372-2646854 Retrieved from : http://0-poeticstoday.dukejournals.org.lib.utep.edu/content/35/1-2/51.full.pdf+html?sid=fe54194d-1a61-456d-8a75-1e22d6184258

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