Anywhere Remodeling, Inc. is a full-service remodeling contractor. At present we do mostly high-end, single room, kitchen/bath and whole house remodels. It is our philosophy that we can offer a quality product in a timely fashion giving the customer one-on-one service.
This includes:
Anywhere Remodeling is focusing on both the commercial and residential markets of Anytown America, with the residential being about 80% of the overall volume of the company.
As housing prices fall, potential clients will be more apt to remodel their high-end homes, rather than try to sell them.
In an era of decreasing residential property values and relatively stable rates of personal income growth, Anywhere Remodeling, Inc. is focusing on two segments of the residential remodeling market:
1) Neighborhoods where homeowners have achieved success in their careers and have room in their budget for investment in their homes, but are not eager to incur a much higher mortgage payment by selling their house and ‘buying up.’ [Such targeted neighborhoods have housing stock with room to expand and are deemed to be worth the upgrade expenditures.]
2) Run-down neighborhoods that have been targeted by community decision-makers for renewal.
About 20% of Anywhere’s overall volume consists of remodeling projects for businesses within the community areas being revitalized.
Market Analysis | |||||||
2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | |||
Potential Customers | Growth | CAGR | |||||
Small growth | 5% | 500,000 | 525,000 | 551,250 | 578,813 | 607,754 | 5.00% |
Moderate growth | 7% | 500,000 | 535,000 | 572,450 | 612,522 | 655,399 | 7.00% |
Moderate – Large growth | 10% | 500,000 | 550,000 | 605,000 | 665,500 | 732,050 | 10.00% |
Large growth | 15% | 500,000 | 575,000 | 661,250 | 760,438 | 874,504 | 15.00% |
Total | 9.45% | 2,000,000 | 2,185,000 | 2,389,950 | 2,617,273 | 2,869,707 | 9.45% |
Anywhere Remodeling’s targeted market groups were chosen because of the long-term potential for continued sales. Assuming high quality work and effective word-of-mouth marketing, the targeted, potentially upgradeable, neighborhoods afford a continuing supply of work to do. The business remodels, while providing a smaller portion of the firm’s income, offer an important opportunity to build relationships and generate trust with business owners and managers who have homes in the targeted ‘upgradeable’ homes.
As a whole, the building industry is a very fragmented industry. Despite large homebuilders, no single company has as much as a 2% market share.
The remodeling industry is even more diluted with only a handful of companies in the nation showing annual sales in excess of $10 million. Under the standard definition, all remodelers fall into the category of a small business.
The remodeling market is made up of potential customers who weigh three competing values: Price, Quality and Service. There is a saying that a remodeling company can deliver any two of those values. A large portion of the potential customers are asking for quality and service, and then go shopping for price. These customers are extremely difficult to work for and make a profit.
There is another segment of the market that is concerned with getting a “fair” price, but is primarily concerned with getting quality work and superior service–they want to be “taken care of.” This customer is generally happy to work with one contractor, developed a trusting relationship, and pay a little bit more for this comfort.
1. Anywhere Remodeling needs to sell the company, not the price.
2. Anywhere has to sell its quality and service. The actual remodeling is like the razor, and the support, service, design and hand holding are the razor blades. We need to serve our customers with what they really need.
The Yearly Total Sales chart summarizes an ambitious sales forecast. Anywhere expects sales to increase significantly from $750,000 last year.
The important elements of the sales forecast are shown in the Total Sales by Month in Year 1 chart. Total sales will increase substantially over the next several years.
Sales Forecast | |||||
FY 2009 | FY 2010 | FY 2011 | FY 2012 | FY 2013 | |
Sales | |||||
Commercial | $131,791 | $145,000 | $165,000 | $170,000 | $180,000 |
Residential | $1,188,614 | $1,350,000 | $1,500,000 | $1,650,000 | $1,800,000 |
Other | $7,998 | $1,903 | $1,998 | $2,098 | $2,202 |
Total Sales | $1,328,403 | $1,496,903 | $1,666,998 | $1,822,098 | $1,982,202 |
Direct Cost of Sales | FY 2009 | FY 2010 | FY 2011 | FY 2012 | FY 2013 |
Materials | $225,828 | $254,473 | $283,390 | $309,757 | $336,974 |
Sub Contractor Costs | $464,941 | $523,916 | $583,449 | $637,734 | $693,771 |
Permits & Licensing | $3,385 | $3,554 | $3,732 | $3,919 | $4,115 |
Sales Costs w/commision | $8,369 | $9,730 | $10,835 | $11,844 | $12,884 |
Warranties | $5,067 | $4,752 | $4,989 | $5,239 | $5,501 |
Trash | $6,365 | $6,683 | $7,017 | $7,368 | $7,736 |
Other | $1,930 | $2,027 | $2,128 | $2,234 | $2,346 |
Subtotal Direct Cost of Sales | $715,885 | $805,135 | $895,541 | $978,094 | $1,063,327 |
The marketing strategy is the core of the main strategy:
Anywhere Remodeling, Inc.’s competitive edge is its reputation in the community. Over the past five years, Anywhere has won a number of awards for quality and design, both nationally and locally. Its satisfied customer base continues to expand and spread the word.
The following table lists important program milestones, with dates and persons in charge, and budgets for each. The milestone schedule indicates our emphasis on planning for implementation. The most important programs are the sales and marketing programs listed in detail in the previous topics.
Milestones | |||||
Milestone | Start Date | End Date | Budget | Manager | Department |
Business Plan | 10/1/2008 | 10/1/2008 | $500 | Bob Hammer | Owner |
Community Involvement Program | 2/15/2008 | 2/15/2008 | $5,000 | Bob Hammer | Owner |
Sales Brochure | 3/1/2008 | 3/1/2008 | $1,800 | David Designer | Sales |
Refinance Short Term Debt | 3/1/2008 | 3/1/2008 | $0 | Bob Hammer | Owner |
New Computer System | 7/15/2008 | 7/15/2008 | $8,000 | Bill Sales | Administration |
Thank You Cards | 1/15/2008 | 1/15/2008 | $250 | David Designer | Sales |
Pardon the Dust (door hangers) | 1/15/2008 | 1/15/2008 | $200 | David Designer | Sales |
New Automatic Nail Guns (2) | 1/1/2008 | 1/1/2008 | $3,200 | Steve Field | Production |
How to Pick a Contractor Seminars | 6/1/2008 | 6/1/2008 | $1,000 | Bob Hammer | Sales |
Totals | $19,950 |
It will showcase the construction experience within the company, as well as the portfolio of all the past and current projects done by Anywhere Remodeling.The website will include a resources area, offering articles, research and weekly newsletters to interested parties.
The key to the website strategy will be combining a very well designed front end, with a back end capable of recording leads and proposal requests.
Anywhere Remodeling is a company that desires to be of service to others. Its whole existence is keyed to helping people who have need to improve the quality of their life. Anywhere encourages team work and cooperation in helping the customer. The company is very loyal to its employees and provides them with the security and satisfaction to know that they are the business and that without them the company would not exist.
The Personnel Plan reflects the need to bolster our capabilities to match our positioning. Our total head-count should increase to 12 this first year, and to 17 by the third year. This reflects a ~5% growth per year.
Personnel Plan | |||||
FY 2009 | FY 2010 | FY 2011 | FY 2012 | FY 2013 | |
Labor | $179,829 | $179,829 | $189,294 | $199,257 | $209,744 |
Prod. Manager | $37,839 | $37,839 | $39,831 | $41,927 | $44,134 |
Design | $10,649 | $10,649 | $11,209 | $11,799 | $12,420 |
Prod Mgr (office) | $9,281 | $9,281 | $9,770 | $10,284 | $10,825 |
Sales (salaried/draw) | $8,555 | $8,555 | $9,005 | $9,479 | $9,978 |
Office | $42,657 | $42,657 | $44,902 | $47,266 | $49,753 |
Owners | $78,000 | $132,844 | $139,835 | $147,195 | $154,942 |
Total People | 12 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 |
Total Payroll | $366,810 | $421,654 | $443,846 | $467,206 | $491,796 |
The most important element in the financial plan is the critical need for improving several of the key factors that impact cash flow:
The financial plan depends on important assumptions, most of which are shown in the General Assumptions table below. The key underlying assumptions are:
General Assumptions | |||||
FY 2009 | FY 2010 | FY 2011 | FY 2012 | FY 2013 | |
Plan Month | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Current Interest Rate | 7.00% | 7.00% | 7.00% | 7.00% | 7.00% |
Long-term Interest Rate | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% |
Tax Rate | 25.00% | 25.00% | 25.00% | 25.00% | 25.00% |
Other | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
The break-even analysis can be found below.
Break-even Analysis | |
Monthly Revenue Break-even | $113,038 |
Assumptions: | |
Average Percent Variable Cost | 54% |
Estimated Monthly Fixed Cost | $52,121 |
The most important assumption in the Projected Profit and Loss statement is the gross margin, which is supposed to increase, up quite a bit from the last year. The increase in gross margin is based on changing our sales mix due to increased target marketing based on 5% assumptions between years.
Month-by-month assumptions for profit and loss are included in the appendices.
Pro Forma Profit and Loss | |||||
FY 2009 | FY 2010 | FY 2011 | FY 2012 | FY 2013 | |
Sales | $1,328,403 | $1,496,903 | $1,666,998 | $1,822,098 | $1,982,202 |
Direct Cost of Sales | $715,885 | $805,135 | $895,541 | $978,094 | $1,063,327 |
Other Costs of Goods | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Total Cost of Sales | $715,885 | $805,135 | $895,541 | $978,094 | $1,063,327 |
Gross Margin | $612,517 | $691,768 | $771,457 | $844,004 | $918,875 |
Gross Margin % | 46.11% | 46.21% | 46.28% | 46.32% | 46.36% |
Expenses | |||||
Payroll | $366,810 | $421,654 | $443,846 | $467,206 | $491,796 |
Advertising | $11,890 | $7,023 | $7,393 | $7,782 | $8,191 |
Depreciation | $8,856 | $9,322 | $9,813 | $10,329 | $10,873 |
Marketing | $13,757 | $8,122 | $8,550 | $9,000 | $9,473 |
Bad Debts | $2,244 | $2,362 | $2,486 | $2,617 | $2,755 |
Donations | $2,364 | $2,488 | $2,619 | $2,757 | $2,902 |
Entertainment 50% | $2,100 | $2,211 | $2,327 | $2,449 | $2,578 |
Employee Benefits | $65,729 | $52,152 | $54,897 | $57,786 | $60,828 |
Equipment Buy/Rental | $3,880 | $3,082 | $3,244 | $3,415 | $3,595 |
Interest/Bank Charges | ($204) | ($215) | ($226) | ($238) | ($250) |
Tool Repair/Replacement | $2,760 | $2,905 | $3,058 | $3,219 | $3,389 |
Computer/Hardware/Software Consultants | $8,602 | $6,836 | $7,196 | $7,574 | $7,973 |
Dues/Sub/Licenses/Royalties/Trade Assoc | $2,840 | $2,990 | $3,147 | $3,313 | $3,487 |
Corp & Business Taxes | $2,104 | $2,214 | $2,331 | $2,454 | $2,583 |
Legal Expenses | $1,309 | $1,378 | $1,451 | $1,527 | $1,608 |
Accounting Expenses | $2,331 | $2,453 | $2,582 | $2,718 | $2,861 |
Rent of Office/Warehouse Space | $14,520 | $15,284 | $16,089 | $16,935 | $17,827 |
Repairs/Maintenance | $1,137 | $1,197 | $1,260 | $1,326 | $1,396 |
Communications | $9,357 | $9,850 | $10,368 | $10,914 | $11,488 |
Utilities | $930 | $979 | $1,030 | $1,084 | $1,142 |
Office Expenses | $8,416 | $8,859 | $9,325 | $9,816 | $10,332 |
Miscellaneous/Other | $4,589 | $4,831 | $5,085 | $5,353 | $5,634 |
Liability Insurance | $7,512 | $7,907 | $8,324 | $8,762 | $9,223 |
Vehicle Expenses & Insurance | $10,392 | $10,939 | $11,515 | $12,121 | $12,759 |
Liability Insurance for employees | $504 | $531 | $558 | $588 | $619 |
Vehicle Expenses & Insurance | $4,044 | $4,257 | $4,481 | $4,717 | $4,965 |
Insurance – General (#43) | $1,020 | $1,074 | $1,130 | $1,190 | $1,252 |
Payroll Taxes | $65,659 | $75,476 | $79,448 | $83,630 | $88,031 |
Total Operating Expenses | $625,452 | $668,161 | $703,328 | $740,345 | $779,309 |
Profit Before Interest and Taxes | ($12,935) | $23,607 | $68,129 | $103,658 | $139,566 |
EBITDA | ($4,079) | $32,929 | $77,942 | $113,988 | $150,439 |
Interest Expense | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Taxes Incurred | $0 | $5,902 | $17,032 | $25,915 | $34,892 |
Net Profit | ($12,935) | $17,705 | $51,097 | $77,744 | $104,675 |
Net Profit/Sales | -0.97% | 1.18% | 3.07% | 4.27% | 5.28% |
The cash flow depends on assumptions for payment days and accounts receivable management. The projected 75-day collection days is critical, and it is also reasonable.
Pro Forma Cash Flow | |||||
FY 2009 | FY 2010 | FY 2011 | FY 2012 | FY 2013 | |
Cash Received | |||||
Cash from Operations | |||||
Cash Sales | $332,101 | $374,226 | $416,749 | $455,524 | $495,551 |
Cash from Receivables | $1,500,397 | $1,093,388 | $1,220,682 | $1,339,614 | $1,458,822 |
Subtotal Cash from Operations | $1,832,498 | $1,467,614 | $1,637,432 | $1,795,138 | $1,954,373 |
Additional Cash Received | |||||
Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Received | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
New Current Borrowing | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
New Other Liabilities (interest-free) | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
New Long-term Liabilities | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Sales of Other Current Assets | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Sales of Long-term Assets | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
New Investment Received | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Subtotal Cash Received | $1,832,498 | $1,467,614 | $1,637,432 | $1,795,138 | $1,954,373 |
Expenditures | FY 2009 | FY 2010 | FY 2011 | FY 2012 | FY 2013 |
Expenditures from Operations | |||||
Cash Spending | $366,810 | $421,654 | $443,846 | $467,206 | $491,796 |
Bill Payments | $948,152 | $1,049,306 | $1,152,871 | $1,258,223 | $1,365,979 |
Subtotal Spent on Operations | $1,314,962 | $1,470,960 | $1,596,716 | $1,725,429 | $1,857,775 |
Additional Cash Spent | |||||
Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Paid Out | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Principal Repayment of Current Borrowing | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Other Liabilities Principal Repayment | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Long-term Liabilities Principal Repayment | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Purchase Other Current Assets | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Purchase Long-term Assets | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Dividends | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Subtotal Cash Spent | $1,314,962 | $1,470,960 | $1,596,716 | $1,725,429 | $1,857,775 |
Net Cash Flow | $517,536 | ($3,346) | $40,715 | $69,709 | $96,598 |
Cash Balance | $700,964 | $697,618 | $738,333 | $808,042 | $904,640 |
The Projected Balance Sheet is quite solid. We do not project any real trouble meeting our debt obligations–as long as we can achieve our specific objectives.
Pro Forma Balance Sheet | |||||
FY 2009 | FY 2010 | FY 2011 | FY 2012 | FY 2013 | |
Assets | |||||
Current Assets | |||||
Cash | $700,964 | $697,618 | $738,333 | $808,042 | $904,640 |
Accounts Receivable | $230,904 | $260,193 | $289,760 | $316,719 | $344,549 |
Other Current Assets | $31,380 | $31,380 | $31,380 | $31,380 | $31,380 |
Total Current Assets | $963,249 | $989,191 | $1,059,473 | $1,156,141 | $1,280,569 |
Long-term Assets | |||||
Long-term Assets | $145,879 | $145,879 | $145,879 | $145,879 | $145,879 |
Accumulated Depreciation | $65,735 | $75,057 | $84,870 | $95,199 | $106,072 |
Total Long-term Assets | $80,144 | $70,822 | $61,009 | $50,680 | $39,807 |
Total Assets | $1,043,393 | $1,060,013 | $1,120,482 | $1,206,821 | $1,320,376 |
Liabilities and Capital | FY 2009 | FY 2010 | FY 2011 | FY 2012 | FY 2013 |
Current Liabilities | |||||
Accounts Payable | $87,239 | $86,155 | $95,527 | $104,122 | $113,002 |
Current Borrowing | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Other Current Liabilities | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Subtotal Current Liabilities | $87,239 | $86,155 | $95,527 | $104,122 | $113,002 |
Long-term Liabilities | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Total Liabilities | $87,239 | $86,155 | $95,527 | $104,122 | $113,002 |
Paid-in Capital | $20,000 | $20,000 | $20,000 | $20,000 | $20,000 |
Retained Earnings | $949,088 | $936,153 | $953,858 | $1,004,955 | $1,082,699 |
Earnings | ($12,935) | $17,705 | $51,097 | $77,744 | $104,675 |
Total Capital | $956,153 | $973,858 | $1,024,955 | $1,102,699 | $1,207,374 |
Total Liabilities and Capital | $1,043,393 | $1,060,013 | $1,120,482 | $1,206,821 | $1,320,376 |
Net Worth | $956,153 | $973,858 | $1,024,955 | $1,102,699 | $1,207,374 |
Ratio Analysis | ||||||
FY 2009 | FY 2010 | FY 2011 | FY 2012 | FY 2013 | Industry Profile | |
Sales Growth | 77.12% | 12.68% | 11.36% | 9.30% | 8.79% | -2.88% |
Percent of Total Assets | ||||||
Accounts Receivable | 22.13% | 24.55% | 25.86% | 26.24% | 26.09% | 11.37% |
Other Current Assets | 3.01% | 2.96% | 2.80% | 2.60% | 2.38% | 25.23% |
Total Current Assets | 92.32% | 93.32% | 94.56% | 95.80% | 96.99% | 76.82% |
Long-term Assets | 7.68% | 6.68% | 5.44% | 4.20% | 3.01% | 23.18% |
Total Assets | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
Current Liabilities | 8.36% | 8.13% | 8.53% | 8.63% | 8.56% | 44.21% |
Long-term Liabilities | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 12.47% |
Total Liabilities | 8.36% | 8.13% | 8.53% | 8.63% | 8.56% | 56.68% |
Net Worth | 91.64% | 91.87% | 91.47% | 91.37% | 91.44% | 43.32% |
Percent of Sales | ||||||
Sales | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
Gross Margin | 46.11% | 46.21% | 46.28% | 46.32% | 46.36% | 16.88% |
Selling, General & Administrative Expenses | 26.96% | 27.77% | 28.42% | 13.06% | 13.02% | 5.45% |
Advertising Expenses | 0.87% | 0.87% | 0.86% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.23% |
Profit Before Interest and Taxes | -0.97% | 1.58% | 4.09% | 5.69% | 7.04% | 0.91% |
Main Ratios | ||||||
Current | 11.04 | 11.48 | 11.09 | 11.10 | 11.33 | 1.59 |
Quick | 11.04 | 11.48 | 11.09 | 11.10 | 11.33 | 0.57 |
Total Debt to Total Assets | 8.36% | 8.13% | 8.53% | 8.63% | 8.56% | 59.20% |
Pre-tax Return on Net Worth | -1.35% | 2.42% | 6.65% | 9.40% | 11.56% | 1.93% |
Pre-tax Return on Assets | -1.24% | 2.23% | 6.08% | 8.59% | 10.57% | 4.72% |
Additional Ratios | FY 2009 | FY 2010 | FY 2011 | FY 2012 | FY 2013 | |
Net Profit Margin | -0.97% | 1.18% | 3.07% | 4.27% | 5.28% | n.a |
Return on Equity | -1.35% | 1.82% | 4.99% | 7.05% | 8.67% | n.a |
Activity Ratios | ||||||
Accounts Receivable Turnover | 4.31 | 4.31 | 4.31 | 4.31 | 4.31 | n.a |
Collection Days | 88 | 80 | 80 | 81 | 81 | n.a |
Accounts Payable Turnover | 11.07 | 12.17 | 12.17 | 12.17 | 12.17 | n.a |
Payment Days | 29 | 30 | 29 | 29 | 29 | n.a |
Total Asset Turnover | 1.27 | 1.41 | 1.49 | 1.51 | 1.50 | n.a |
Debt Ratios | ||||||
Debt to Net Worth | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.09 | n.a |
Current Liab. to Liab. | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | n.a |
Liquidity Ratios | ||||||
Net Working Capital | $876,009 | $903,036 | $963,946 | $1,052,019 | $1,167,566 | n.a |
Interest Coverage | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | n.a |
Additional Ratios | ||||||
Assets to Sales | 0.79 | 0.71 | 0.67 | 0.66 | 0.67 | n.a |
Current Debt/Total Assets | 8% | 8% | 9% | 9% | 9% | n.a |
Acid Test | 8.39 | 8.46 | 8.06 | 8.06 | 8.28 | n.a |
Sales/Net Worth | 1.39 | 1.54 | 1.63 | 1.65 | 1.64 | n.a |
Dividend Payout | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | n.a |
The long-term plan is shown in the Appendix.
Sales Forecast | |||||||||||||
Dec | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | ||
Sales | |||||||||||||
Commercial | $3,237 | $3,699 | $5,780 | $11,098 | $16,416 | $20,116 | $19,884 | $16,647 | $12,486 | $9,249 | $6,705 | $6,474 | |
Residential | $73,410 | $76,879 | $77,746 | $89,884 | $96,243 | $101,156 | $99,711 | $109,827 | $111,850 | $119,075 | $116,301 | $116,532 | |
Other | $151 | $151 | $151 | $151 | $151 | $151 | $151 | $151 | $2,900 | $3,587 | $151 | $151 | |
Total Sales | $76,798 | $80,729 | $83,677 | $101,133 | $112,810 | $121,423 | $119,746 | $126,625 | $127,236 | $131,911 | $123,157 | $123,157 | |
Direct Cost of Sales | Dec | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | |
Materials | $13,056 | $13,724 | $14,225 | $17,193 | $19,178 | $20,642 | $20,357 | $21,526 | $21,630 | $22,425 | $20,937 | $20,937 | |
Sub Contractor Costs | $26,879 | $28,255 | $29,287 | $35,397 | $39,484 | $42,498 | $41,911 | $44,319 | $44,533 | $46,169 | $43,105 | $43,105 | |
Permits & Licensing | $282 | $282 | $282 | $282 | $282 | $282 | $282 | $282 | $282 | $282 | $282 | $282 | |
Sales Costs w/commision | $484 | $509 | $527 | $637 | $711 | $765 | $754 | $798 | $802 | $831 | $776 | $776 | |
Warranties | $377 | $385 | $393 | $401 | $409 | $417 | $425 | $434 | $443 | $452 | $461 | $470 | |
Trash | $530 | $530 | $530 | $530 | $530 | $530 | $530 | $530 | $530 | $530 | $530 | $530 | |
Other | $161 | $161 | $161 | $161 | $161 | $161 | $161 | $161 | $161 | $161 | $161 | $161 | |
Subtotal Direct Cost of Sales | $41,769 | $43,846 | $45,406 | $54,601 | $60,754 | $65,295 | $64,421 | $68,050 | $68,381 | $70,850 | $66,252 | $66,261 |
Personnel Plan | |||||||||||||
Dec | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | ||
Labor | $14,986 | $14,986 | $14,986 | $14,986 | $14,986 | $14,986 | $14,986 | $14,986 | $14,986 | $14,985 | $14,985 | $14,985 | |
Prod. Manager | $3,153 | $3,153 | $3,153 | $3,153 | $3,153 | $3,153 | $3,153 | $3,153 | $3,153 | $3,154 | $3,154 | $3,154 | |
Design | $887 | $887 | $887 | $887 | $887 | $887 | $887 | $888 | $888 | $888 | $888 | $888 | |
Prod Mgr (office) | $773 | $773 | $773 | $773 | $773 | $773 | $773 | $773 | $773 | $773 | $773 | $773 | |
Sales (salaried/draw) | $712 | $713 | $713 | $713 | $713 | $713 | $713 | $713 | $713 | $713 | $713 | $713 | |
Office | $3,555 | $3,555 | $3,555 | $3,555 | $3,555 | $3,555 | $3,555 | $3,555 | $3,555 | $3,555 | $3,555 | $3,555 | |
Owners | $6,500 | $6,500 | $6,500 | $6,500 | $6,500 | $6,500 | $6,500 | $6,500 | $6,500 | $6,500 | $6,500 | $6,500 | |
Total People | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 1 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | |
Total Payroll | $30,566 | $30,567 | $30,567 | $30,567 | $30,567 | $30,567 | $30,567 | $30,568 | $30,568 | $30,568 | $30,568 | $30,568 |
General Assumptions | ||||||||||||
Dec | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | |
Plan Month | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
Current Interest Rate | 7.00% | 7.00% | 7.00% | 7.00% | 7.00% | 7.00% | 7.00% | 7.00% | 7.00% | 7.00% | 7.00% | 7.00% |
Long-term Interest Rate | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% |
Tax Rate | 25.00% | 25.00% | 25.00% | 25.00% | 25.00% | 25.00% | 25.00% | 25.00% | 25.00% | 25.00% | 25.00% | 25.00% |
Other | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Pro Forma Profit and Loss | |||||||||||||
Dec | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | ||
Sales | $76,798 | $80,729 | $83,677 | $101,133 | $112,810 | $121,423 | $119,746 | $126,625 | $127,236 | $131,911 | $123,157 | $123,157 | |
Direct Cost of Sales | $41,769 | $43,846 | $45,406 | $54,601 | $60,754 | $65,295 | $64,421 | $68,050 | $68,381 | $70,850 | $66,252 | $66,261 | |
Other Costs of Goods | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Total Cost of Sales | $41,769 | $43,846 | $45,406 | $54,601 | $60,754 | $65,295 | $64,421 | $68,050 | $68,381 | $70,850 | $66,252 | $66,261 | |
Gross Margin | $35,029 | $36,883 | $38,271 | $46,532 | $52,056 | $56,128 | $55,325 | $58,575 | $58,855 | $61,061 | $56,905 | $56,896 | |
Gross Margin % | 45.61% | 45.69% | 45.74% | 46.01% | 46.14% | 46.22% | 46.20% | 46.26% | 46.26% | 46.29% | 46.21% | 46.20% | |
Expenses | |||||||||||||
Payroll | $30,566 | $30,567 | $30,567 | $30,567 | $30,567 | $30,567 | $30,567 | $30,568 | $30,568 | $30,568 | $30,568 | $30,568 | |
Advertising | $556 | $612 | $673 | $740 | $814 | $895 | $985 | $1,084 | $1,192 | $1,311 | $1,442 | $1,586 | |
Depreciation | $738 | $738 | $738 | $738 | $738 | $738 | $738 | $738 | $738 | $738 | $738 | $738 | |
Marketing | $643 | $707 | $778 | $856 | $942 | $1,036 | $1,140 | $1,254 | $1,379 | $1,517 | $1,669 | $1,836 | |
Bad Debts | $187 | $187 | $187 | $187 | $187 | $187 | $187 | $187 | $187 | $187 | $187 | $187 | |
Donations | $197 | $197 | $197 | $197 | $197 | $197 | $197 | $197 | $197 | $197 | $197 | $197 | |
Entertainment 50% | $175 | $175 | $175 | $175 | $175 | $175 | $175 | $175 | $175 | $175 | $175 | $175 | |
Employee Benefits | $4,129 | $4,335 | $4,552 | $4,780 | $5,019 | $5,270 | $5,534 | $5,811 | $6,102 | $6,407 | $6,727 | $7,063 | |
Equipment Buy/Rental | $244 | $256 | $269 | $282 | $296 | $311 | $327 | $343 | $360 | $378 | $397 | $417 | |
Interest/Bank Charges | ($17) | ($17) | ($17) | ($17) | ($17) | ($17) | ($17) | ($17) | ($17) | ($17) | ($17) | ($17) | |
Tool Repair/Replacement | $230 | $230 | $230 | $230 | $230 | $230 | $230 | $230 | $230 | $230 | $230 | $230 | |
Computer/Hardware/Software Consultants | $541 | $568 | $596 | $626 | $657 | $690 | $724 | $760 | $798 | $838 | $880 | $924 | |
Dues/Sub/Licenses/Royalties/Trade Assoc | $237 | $237 | $237 | $237 | $237 | $237 | $237 | $237 | $237 | $237 | $237 | $237 | |
Corp & Business Taxes | $175 | $175 | $175 | $175 | $175 | $175 | $175 | $175 | $175 | $175 | $175 | $175 | |
Legal Expenses | $109 | $109 | $109 | $109 | $109 | $109 | $109 | $109 | $109 | $109 | $109 | $109 | |
Accounting Expenses | $194 | $194 | $194 | $194 | $194 | $194 | $194 | $194 | $194 | $194 | $194 | $194 | |
Rent of Office/Warehouse Space | $1,210 | $1,210 | $1,210 | $1,210 | $1,210 | $1,210 | $1,210 | $1,210 | $1,210 | $1,210 | $1,210 | $1,210 | |
Repairs/Maintenance | $95 | $95 | $95 | $95 | $95 | $95 | $95 | $95 | $95 | $95 | $95 | $95 | |
Communications | $780 | $780 | $780 | $780 | $780 | $780 | $780 | $780 | $780 | $780 | $780 | $780 | |
Utilities | $77 | $77 | $77 | $77 | $77 | $77 | $77 | $77 | $77 | $77 | $77 | $77 | |
Office Expenses | $701 | $701 | $701 | $701 | $701 | $701 | $701 | $701 | $701 | $701 | $701 | $701 | |
Miscellaneous/Other | $382 | $382 | $382 | $382 | $382 | $382 | $382 | $382 | $382 | $382 | $382 | $382 | |
Liability Insurance | $626 | $626 | $626 | $626 | $626 | $626 | $626 | $626 | $626 | $626 | $626 | $626 | |
Vehicle Expenses & Insurance | $866 | $866 | $866 | $866 | $866 | $866 | $866 | $866 | $866 | $866 | $866 | $866 | |
Liability Insurance for employees | $42 | $42 | $42 | $42 | $42 | $42 | $42 | $42 | $42 | $42 | $42 | $42 | |
Vehicle Expenses & Insurance | $337 | $337 | $337 | $337 | $337 | $337 | $337 | $337 | $337 | $337 | $337 | $337 | |
Insurance – General (#43) | 15% | $85 | $85 | $85 | $85 | $85 | $85 | $85 | $85 | $85 | $85 | $85 | $85 |
Payroll Taxes | 18% | $5,471 | $5,472 | $5,472 | $5,472 | $5,472 | $5,472 | $5,472 | $5,472 | $5,472 | $5,472 | $5,472 | $5,472 |
Total Operating Expenses | $49,578 | $49,944 | $50,334 | $50,750 | $51,194 | $51,668 | $52,176 | $52,719 | $53,298 | $53,918 | $54,582 | $55,293 | |
Profit Before Interest and Taxes | ($14,549) | ($13,061) | ($12,062) | ($4,217) | $862 | $4,460 | $3,150 | $5,856 | $5,557 | $7,143 | $2,323 | $1,603 | |
EBITDA | ($13,811) | ($12,323) | ($11,324) | ($3,479) | $1,600 | $5,198 | $3,888 | $6,594 | $6,295 | $7,881 | $3,061 | $2,341 | |
Interest Expense | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Taxes Incurred | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Net Profit | ($14,549) | ($13,061) | ($12,062) | ($4,217) | $862 | $4,460 | $3,150 | $5,856 | $5,557 | $7,143 | $2,323 | $1,603 | |
Net Profit/Sales | -18.94% | -16.18% | -14.42% | -4.17% | 0.76% | 3.67% | 2.63% | 4.62% | 4.37% | 5.42% | 1.89% | 1.30% |
Pro Forma Cash Flow | |||||||||||||
Dec | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | ||
Cash Received | |||||||||||||
Cash from Operations | |||||||||||||
Cash Sales | $19,200 | $20,182 | $20,919 | $25,283 | $28,203 | $30,356 | $29,937 | $31,656 | $31,809 | $32,978 | $30,789 | $30,789 | |
Cash from Receivables | $294,000 | $294,000 | $177,719 | $59,171 | $61,726 | $69,740 | $80,521 | $88,053 | $90,396 | $92,561 | $95,213 | $97,297 | |
Subtotal Cash from Operations | $313,200 | $314,182 | $198,638 | $84,454 | $89,928 | $100,096 | $110,457 | $119,709 | $122,205 | $125,539 | $126,002 | $128,086 | |
Additional Cash Received | |||||||||||||
Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Received | 0.00% | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
New Current Borrowing | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
New Other Liabilities (interest-free) | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
New Long-term Liabilities | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Sales of Other Current Assets | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Sales of Long-term Assets | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
New Investment Received | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Subtotal Cash Received | $313,200 | $314,182 | $198,638 | $84,454 | $89,928 | $100,096 | $110,457 | $119,709 | $122,205 | $125,539 | $126,002 | $128,086 | |
Expenditures | Dec | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | |
Expenditures from Operations | |||||||||||||
Cash Spending | $30,566 | $30,567 | $30,567 | $30,567 | $30,567 | $30,567 | $30,567 | $30,568 | $30,568 | $30,568 | $30,568 | $30,568 | |
Bill Payments | $71,721 | $60,124 | $62,550 | $64,755 | $74,265 | $80,810 | $85,646 | $85,430 | $89,493 | $90,475 | $93,331 | $89,552 | |
Subtotal Spent on Operations | $102,288 | $90,691 | $93,117 | $95,322 | $104,832 | $111,377 | $116,213 | $115,998 | $120,061 | $121,044 | $123,899 | $120,120 | |
Additional Cash Spent | |||||||||||||
Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Paid Out | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Principal Repayment of Current Borrowing | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Other Liabilities Principal Repayment | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Long-term Liabilities Principal Repayment | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Purchase Other Current Assets | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Purchase Long-term Assets | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Dividends | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Subtotal Cash Spent | $102,288 | $90,691 | $93,117 | $95,322 | $104,832 | $111,377 | $116,213 | $115,998 | $120,061 | $121,044 | $123,899 | $120,120 | |
Net Cash Flow | $210,912 | $223,491 | $105,522 | ($10,868) | ($14,904) | ($11,281) | ($5,756) | $3,710 | $2,144 | $4,495 | $2,103 | $7,967 | |
Cash Balance | $394,340 | $617,831 | $723,353 | $712,485 | $697,581 | $686,300 | $680,544 | $684,255 | $686,399 | $690,894 | $692,997 | $700,964 |
Pro Forma Balance Sheet | |||||||||||||
Dec | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | ||
Assets | Starting Balances | ||||||||||||
Current Assets | |||||||||||||
Cash | $183,428 | $394,340 | $617,831 | $723,353 | $712,485 | $697,581 | $686,300 | $680,544 | $684,255 | $686,399 | $690,894 | $692,997 | $700,964 |
Accounts Receivable | $735,000 | $498,599 | $265,145 | $150,184 | $166,863 | $189,744 | $211,071 | $220,360 | $227,276 | $232,307 | $238,679 | $235,834 | $230,904 |
Other Current Assets | $31,380 | $31,380 | $31,380 | $31,380 | $31,380 | $31,380 | $31,380 | $31,380 | $31,380 | $31,380 | $31,380 | $31,380 | $31,380 |
Total Current Assets | $949,808 | $924,318 | $914,356 | $904,916 | $910,728 | $918,705 | $928,751 | $932,284 | $942,911 | $950,086 | $960,953 | $960,211 | $963,249 |
Long-term Assets | |||||||||||||
Long-term Assets | $145,879 | $145,879 | $145,879 | $145,879 | $145,879 | $145,879 | $145,879 | $145,879 | $145,879 | $145,879 | $145,879 | $145,879 | $145,879 |
Accumulated Depreciation | $56,879 | $57,617 | $58,355 | $59,093 | $59,831 | $60,569 | $61,307 | $62,045 | $62,783 | $63,521 | $64,259 | $64,997 | $65,735 |
Total Long-term Assets | $89,000 | $88,262 | $87,524 | $86,786 | $86,048 | $85,310 | $84,572 | $83,834 | $83,096 | $82,358 | $81,620 | $80,882 | $80,144 |
Total Assets | $1,038,808 | $1,012,580 | $1,001,880 | $991,702 | $996,776 | $1,004,015 | $1,013,323 | $1,016,118 | $1,026,007 | $1,032,444 | $1,042,573 | $1,041,093 | $1,043,393 |
Liabilities and Capital | Dec | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | |
Current Liabilities | |||||||||||||
Accounts Payable | $69,720 | $58,041 | $60,402 | $62,286 | $71,577 | $77,955 | $82,803 | $82,448 | $86,481 | $87,360 | $90,347 | $86,543 | $87,239 |
Current Borrowing | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Other Current Liabilities | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Subtotal Current Liabilities | $69,720 | $58,041 | $60,402 | $62,286 | $71,577 | $77,955 | $82,803 | $82,448 | $86,481 | $87,360 | $90,347 | $86,543 | $87,239 |
Long-term Liabilities | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Total Liabilities | $69,720 | $58,041 | $60,402 | $62,286 | $71,577 | $77,955 | $82,803 | $82,448 | $86,481 | $87,360 | $90,347 | $86,543 | $87,239 |
Paid-in Capital | $20,000 | $20,000 | $20,000 | $20,000 | $20,000 | $20,000 | $20,000 | $20,000 | $20,000 | $20,000 | $20,000 | $20,000 | $20,000 |
Retained Earnings | $949,088 | $949,088 | $949,088 | $949,088 | $949,088 | $949,088 | $949,088 | $949,088 | $949,088 | $949,088 | $949,088 | $949,088 | $949,088 |
Earnings | $0 | ($14,549) | ($27,610) | ($39,672) | ($43,889) | ($43,027) | ($38,567) | ($35,418) | ($29,562) | ($24,004) | ($16,861) | ($14,538) | ($12,935) |
Total Capital | $969,088 | $954,539 | $941,478 | $929,416 | $925,199 | $926,061 | $930,521 | $933,670 | $939,526 | $945,084 | $952,227 | $954,550 | $956,153 |
Total Liabilities and Capital | $1,038,808 | $1,012,580 | $1,001,880 | $991,702 | $996,776 | $1,004,015 | $1,013,323 | $1,016,118 | $1,026,007 | $1,032,444 | $1,042,573 | $1,041,093 | $1,043,393 |
Net Worth | $969,088 | $954,539 | $941,478 | $929,416 | $925,199 | $926,061 | $930,521 | $933,670 | $939,526 | $945,084 | $952,227 | $954,550 | $956,153 |
Long-term | ||||||||||
FY 2009 | FY 2010 | FY 2011 | FY 2012 | FY 2013 | FY 2014 | FY 2015 | FY 2016 | FY 2017 | FY 2018 | |
Sales | $1,328,403 | $1,496,903 | $1,666,998 | $1,822,098 | $1,982,202 | $1,995,000 | $2,024,925 | $2,055,299 | $2,086,128 | $2,117,420 |
Cost of Sales | $715,885 | $805,135 | $895,541 | $978,094 | $1,063,327 | $1,057,350 | $1,073,210 | $1,089,308 | $1,105,648 | $1,122,233 |
Gross Margin | $612,517 | $691,768 | $771,457 | $844,004 | $918,875 | $937,650 | $951,715 | $965,990 | $980,480 | $995,188 |
Gross Margin % | 46.11% | 46.21% | 46.28% | 46.32% | 46.36% | 47.00% | 47.00% | 47.00% | 47.00% | 47.00% |
Operating Expenses | $625,452 | $668,161 | $703,328 | $740,345 | $779,309 | $778,050 | $789,721 | $801,567 | $813,590 | $825,794 |
Operating Income | ($12,935) | $23,607 | $68,129 | $103,658 | $139,566 | $159,600 | $161,994 | $164,424 | $166,890 | $169,394 |
Net Income | ($12,935) | $17,705 | $51,097 | $77,744 | $104,675 | $1,321,466 | $1,453,613 | $1,598,974 | $1,758,872 | $1,934,759 |
Current Assets | $963,249 | $989,191 | $1,059,473 | $1,156,141 | $1,280,569 | $1,283,130 | $1,285,696 | $1,288,267 | $1,290,844 | $1,293,426 |
Long-term Assets | $80,144 | $70,822 | $61,009 | $50,680 | $39,807 | $36,031 | $39,634 | $43,598 | $47,958 | $52,753 |
Current Liabilities | $87,239 | $86,155 | $95,527 | $104,122 | $113,002 | $92,950 | $102,245 | $112,470 | $123,716 | $136,088 |
Long-term Liabilities | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Equity | $956,153 | $973,858 | $1,024,955 | $1,102,699 | $1,207,374 | $1,226,211 | $1,223,085 | $1,219,396 | $1,215,085 | $1,210,091 |
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March 28, 2023
Adam Hoeksema
The purpose of this post is to help new and experienced multifamily developers learn the process of building a financial model that can be used to raise capital from lenders and investors. In this post we are going to assume that you are a developer, constructing a multifamily apartment complex from the ground up.
To put it simply - your goal is to:
Before I dive in, I wanted to mention that I will be referencing our multifamily apartment financial projection templates throughout the article to demonstrate and include a number of screenshots and a demo video as well. Our 2 templates include:
With that, let's dive in!
The first step in developing a multifamily property is selecting a location. Consider factors such as local demographics, employment opportunities, access to public transportation, and nearby amenities. Your location will determine the type of multifamily complex you will build based on the zoning requirements and architectural norms of the area. Your location helps determine whether you are going to build a single story complex, or build vertically.
The University of Idaho estimates that you can achieve between 6 and 100 apartment units per acre depending on whether you are building vertically or horizontally.
Your location, urban, suburban or rural, will likely determine whether you are building vertically or horizontally and ultimately determine how many acres you might be able to acquire.
Once you have the proposed land identified you can plan the number of apartment units that you would like to build. Specifically this is often called your “program” which effectively means how many buildings will you build, what type of buildings, and how many units will each building have. An example of a Multifamily program could be as follows:
The average number of apartment units per new multifamily development is roughly 111 apartment units according to Fannie Mae data.
Next, you need to determine the mix of unit types (e.g., studio, one-bedroom, two-bedroom) to cater to the needs of your target market. You will likely want a diverse unit mix in order to appeal to a wider range of potential tenants, thereby reducing vacancy rates and stabilizing income faster. Our Multifamily Financial Model allows you to enter in your unit mix as seen below:
The typical unit mix for a multifamily apartment development is 2 two or three bedroom units for every 1 single bedroom or studio apartment unit. This seems to be the standard rule of thumb based on multiple sources ( Jake and Gino , Willowdale Equity ).
The reason that most multifamily complexes have a 2 to 1 ratio of 2 bedrooms to 1 bedrooms is because typically 2 bedroom units are in higher demand; however, this doesn’t mean that this unit mix is guaranteed to be the most profitable. In fact, you can typically earn a higher rent per square foot with a studio apartment for example. If you think there is sufficient demand to fill studio apartments, those are likely to be more profitable per square foot when compared to two bedrooms.
GPI is the total income your property can generate if all units are rented at market rates without any vacancies, concessions or bad debt.
To calculate GPI, multiply the number of units by the average monthly rent per unit type.
Although gross potential income, also known as potential gross income (PGI), is an important number, effective gross income is maybe even more important.
Effective gross income equals gross potential income minus vacancy and credit loss. In other words, your effective gross income is the total income you will actually receive after taking into consideration vacancies and the tenants that don’t pay rent for some period of time.
The average vacancy rate for a multifamily apartment is roughly 6% according to Matthews Real Estate Investment Services .
The average bad debt or credit loss for a multifamily apartment is 0.7% according to CF Capital .
Operating expenses for a multifamily apartment complex are typically between 35% and 45% of your effective gross income according to Bullpen . Typical operating expenses for a multifamily property include:
Our model will allow you to enter in your operating expenses on a per property, per unit, or per square foot basis. You can also enter in expenses as a percentage of revenue if you prefer.
It is difficult to provide specific percentages for each operating expense category without knowing the details of a specific multifamily apartment complex, as these costs can vary significantly based on location, size, age, and management practices. However, here are some approximate ranges for some of these operating expenses as a percentage of the effective gross income (EGI):
Please note that these percentages are approximate ranges and can vary based on the specific circumstances of a property. For a more accurate analysis, it would be best to consult with a property management company or a real estate investment professional who can provide tailored guidance based on your unique situation.
In order to calculate net operating income for a multifamily apartment complex you can utilize the following formula:
Gross Potential Income - Vacancies - Bad debt (aka credit losses) = Effective Gross Income
Effective Gross Income - Total Operating Expenses = Net Operating Income
Once you have an estimated Net Operating Income (NOI) for your multifamily property, you can calculate the potential loan amount that a lender might provide.
Lenders may use a loan-to-value ratio to determine a loan amount for your proposed development. Lenders may also require that you maintain a certain debt service coverage ratio (DSCR). Based on your NOI and your DSCR, you can back into the maximum loan amount that your project can afford. Once you have a monthly loan amount, you can estimate the total loan amount that would give you that monthly loan payment. Here are 8 steps I would follow to estimate a loan amount for a multifamily development.
There is quite a bit here, so let me try to walk through this step by step:
Again, the formula to calculate net operating income is Gross Potential Income - Vacancies - Credit Losses - Operating Expenses = Net Operating Income. For the sake of an example, let’s assume we have a property with a projected net operating income of $1 million.
Next, you need to know what the cap rates are for your type of property and location. Cap rates change as the market changes, so you will need to do a bit of research.
A cap rate, short for capitalization rate, is a measure used in real estate to evaluate the profitability and potential return on investment of a property. It is calculated by dividing the net operating income (NOI) of a property by its current market value or purchase price.
The formula for cap rate is:
Cap Rate = Net Operating Income / Current Market Value or Purchase Price
The cap rate is expressed as a percentage and is used to estimate the potential return on investment of a property. A higher cap rate indicates a higher potential return, while a lower cap rate indicates a lower potential return.
Cap rates for multifamily properties in prime locations in urban areas can be as low as 4% to 5%.
Cap rates for class B and C multifamily properties in less desirable locations can be in the 5% to 8% range.
For the sake of this example, let’s use a 5% cap rate for our proposed property.
Since you don’t know the value of your proposed property, but you do have a projected NOI and you can find the market cap rates, you can then calculate an estimate of the value of the property.
With our example of a $1,000,000 NOI and a 5% cap rate, we can take $1,000,000 divided by 5% and calculate a property value estimate of $20,000,000.
The average loan to value ratio for multifamily properties is 73% according to Lev Capital . The maximum LTV for a multifamily property that you might be able to secure is 80%.
Based on an LTV of 73% for Multifamily properties, and our example property value of $20,000,000, we can estimate a loan amount of $14,600,000.
The other guardrail that will determine how much you can borrow is how much you can cash flow. Your Debt Service Coverage Ratio is a way to measure how much debt service you can cover based on your Net Operating Income.
The average required debt service coverage ratio for multifamily properties is 1.2 according to Janover .
If we assume Net Operating Income of $1 million and a required debt service coverage ratio of 1.2 we can calculate the maximum loan payment that you can afford each month and still maintain a DSCR of 1.2.
In order to calculate the debt service amount we can afford, we can take our NOI divided by DSCR which is $1 million divided by 1.2 which equals $833,333 in annual debt service. If we divide by 12 months we come up with a monthly loan payment maximum of $69,444.
Next we can try to estimate a loan amount that would give us a monthly payment of $69,444.
But in order to do this we need to make assumptions about the term of the loan and the interest rate.
The average term for a multifamily apartment loan is 30 years, but can be up to 35 years in some cases according to Janover .
A common interest rate for a multifamily property loan is the 10 year treasury rate + 2%. So if the 10 year treasury rate is 3.5%, your interest rate would be 5.5%. These rates fluctuate daily, so you will need to check the current rates.
For our example we are going to assume an interest rate of 5.5% and a 30 year term with a monthly payment of $69,444. Then I did a quick trick and asked ChatGPT to calculate what my loan amount would be with those parameters and it calculated a loan amount of $10,850,000.
ChatGPT did a wonderful job explaining the process and calculation below:
“To calculate the loan amount, we need to use the formula for a fixed payment loan:
Loan Amount = Monthly Payment / ((1 - (1 + Monthly Interest Rate)^(-Number of Months)))
where Monthly Interest Rate = Annual Interest Rate / 12 and Number of Months = Loan Term x 12.
Plugging in the given values, we get:
Monthly Interest Rate = 5.5% / 12 = 0.00458 Number of Months = 30 years x 12 = 360
Loan Amount = $69,444 / ((1 - (1 + 0.00458)^(-360))) Loan Amount = $69,444 / ((1 - 0.3681)) Loan Amount = $10,850,000
Therefore, the loan amount assuming an interest rate of 5.5% and a 30-year term with a monthly payment of $69,444 would be $10,850,000.”
So after all of this we have 2 different loan amounts! The loan to value ratio process estimated a loan amount of $14,600,000 and the DSCR process estimated a loan amount of $10,850,000.
You should assume that you will need to take the lower of the two numbers. So we are going to move forward with a $10,850,000 loan in this example.
Your construction budget should include all costs related to land acquisition, construction, professional fees, and financing costs. Your total project cost should be covered by the combination of your loan and equity investments. We already know our loan amount is $10,850,000, but we need to know our equity amount.
The average equity injection for a multifamily apartment development is 25% according to Janover .
If we assume that $10,850,000 is 75% of the total project cost, then the total project would be $14,466,667. Our equity portion would be 25% which equals $3,616,667
So our construction budget can be $14,466,667.
Our model includes a Construction Budget Template tab that allows you to enter in the details and timing of construction as seen below:
Let’s fast forward and assume your multifamily property is complete. Your multifamily financial model should include assumptions for rent stabilization, meaning how long does it take to get the property full and stabilized?
Let’s assume it takes 9 months from the time the property is complete to have all of the units occupied, less the normal vacancy rate that you might expect.
The capitalization rate (cap rate) is the ratio of NOI to property value. To calculate the potential sales price, divide your NOI by the cap rate, which is determined by market conditions and comparable properties. To be specific, the cap rate when you sell a property is called your exit cap rate . You need to be careful to assume a conservative exit cap rate because the exit cap rate will have a dramatic impact on your rate of return on the property.
As we discussed earlier, if we assume a 5% cap rate and a $1 million NOI, the expected value of the property would be $20,000,000.
Finally, you will want to calculate key investor return metrics, such as internal rate of return (IRR), cash-on-cash return, and equity multiple. These metrics help investors evaluate the attractiveness of your project and make informed decisions about whether to invest. You can run different scenarios with our template to forecast IRR based on sale details as seen below:
The typical multifamily investor might expect average returns of between 14% and 18% according to ButterflyMX .
Your investors might ask your for a projected IRR or XIRR. Let’s look at the difference between IRR and XIRR.
Both XIRR and IRR are financial metrics used in real estate to analyze the returns of an investment. However, they differ in their calculation methods and the way they account for irregular cash flows.
IRR (Internal Rate of Return) is a measure of the profitability of an investment, expressed as a percentage rate. It calculates the discount rate at which the net present value of all the cash inflows and outflows from an investment is equal to zero. In other words, it is the rate at which the investment breaks even.
XIRR (Extended Internal Rate of Return) is an advanced version of IRR that is used to calculate the returns on investments with irregular cash flows. Unlike IRR, which assumes that cash flows occur at regular intervals, XIRR considers the exact dates of cash flows and the amount of each cash flow.
In real estate, XIRR is generally used for investments that have irregular cash flows, such as rental properties that generate monthly rent payments, irregular capital expenditures, or other cash flows that are not evenly distributed over time. On the other hand, IRR is more commonly used for investments with regular cash flows, such as development projects with predictable timelines and cash flows.
In summary, the main difference between XIRR and IRR is that XIRR is more precise and takes into account the timing and amount of each cash flow, whereas IRR assumes that cash flows are evenly distributed over time. As such, XIRR is more appropriate for analyzing investments with irregular cash flows, while IRR is more suitable for investments with regular cash flows.
I hope this has been helpful to you as you think through the process of building a financial model for a multifamily apartment complex. If you have any questions please feel free to reach out, we would love to help!
Adam is the Co-founder of ProjectionHub which helps entrepreneurs create financial projections for potential investors, lenders and internal business planning. Since 2012, over 50,000 entrepreneurs from around the world have used ProjectionHub to help create financial projections.
5 key tips to make your startup business plan shine for an sba loan.
Learn 5 key tips to make your startup business plan stand out and secure an SBA loan, from demonstrating market potential to creating realistic financial projections.
It is important for financial projections for a small business or startup to be realistic or else an investor or lender may not take them seriously. More importantly, the founder may make a financial mistake without a reliable plan.
In this article we are going to walk through how to finance a small business acquisition and answer some key questions related to financing options.
Creating a business plan is essential for any business, but it can be especially helpful for construction company businesses who want to improve their strategy or raise funding.
A well-crafted business plan not only outlines the vision for your company, but also documents a step-by-step roadmap of how you will accomplish it. To create an effective business plan, you must first understand the components essential to its success.
This article provides an overview of the key elements that every construction company business owner should include in their business plan.
What is a construction company business plan.
A construction company business plan is a formal written document describing your company’s business strategy and feasibility. It documents the reasons you will succeed, your areas of competitive advantage, and it includes information about your team members. Your business plan is a key document that will convince investors and lenders (if needed) that you are positioned to become a successful venture.
A construction company business plan is required for banks and investors. The document is a clear and concise guide of your business idea and the steps you will take to make it profitable.
Entrepreneurs can also use this as a roadmap when starting their new company or venture, especially if they are inexperienced in starting a business.
The following are the key components of a successful construction company business plan:
The executive summary of a construction company business plan is a one to two page overview of your entire business plan. It should summarize the main points, which will be presented in full in the rest of your business plan.
This section should include a brief history of your company. Include a short description of how your company started, and provide a timeline of milestones your company has achieved.
If you are just starting your construction business, you may not have a long company history. Instead, you can include information about your professional experience in this industry and how and why you conceived your new venture. If you have worked for a similar company before or have been involved in an entrepreneurial venture before starting your construction firm, mention this.
You will also include information about your chosen construction company business model and how, if applicable, it is different from other companies in your industry.
The industry or market analysis is an important component of a construction company business plan. Conduct thorough market research to determine industry trends and document the size of your market. Questions to answer include:
You should also include sources for the information you provide, such as published research reports and expert opinions.
This section should include a list of your target audience(s) with demographic and psychographic profiles (e.g., age, gender, income level, profession, job titles, interests). You will need to provide a profile of each customer segment separately, including their needs and wants.
For example, a construction company business’ customers may include:
As you conduct your customer analysis, keep in mind that your target customers may not be aware of your company or product right away. You will need to have a marketing strategy to reach them and get them interested.
You can include information about how your customers make the decision to buy from you as well as what keeps them buying from you.
Develop a strategy for targeting those customers who are most likely to buy from you, as well as those that might be influenced to buy your products or construction company services with the right marketing.
The competitive analysis helps you determine how your product or service will be different from competitors, and what your unique selling proposition (USP) might be that will set you apart in this industry.
For each competitor, list their strengths and weaknesses. Next, determine your areas of competitive differentiation and/or advantage; that is, in what ways are you different from and ideally better than your competitors.
This part of the business plan is where you determine and document your marketing plan. . Your plan should be clearly laid out, including the following 4 Ps.
This part of your construction company business plan should include the following information:
The operations plan is where you also need to include your company’s business policies. You will want to establish policies related to everything from customer service to pricing, to the overall brand image you are trying to present. Finally, and most importantly, in your Operations Plan, you will lay out the milestones your company hopes to achieve within the next five years. Create a chart that shows the key milestone(s) you hope to achieve each quarter for the next four quarters, and then each year for the following four years. Examples of milestones for a construction company business include reaching $X in sales. Other examples include hiring a certain number of employees, signing up a certain number of customers, or completing a certain number of projects.
List your team members here including their names and titles, as well as their expertise and experience relevant to your specific construction industry. Include brief biography sketches for each team member. Particularly if you are seeking funding, the goal of this section is to convince investors and lenders that your team has the expertise and experience to execute on your plan. If you are missing key team members, document the roles and responsibilities you plan to hire for in the future.
Here you will include a summary of your complete and detailed financial plan (your full financial projections go in the Appendix). This includes the following three financial statements:
Your income statement should include:
Revenues | $ 336,090 | $ 450,940 | $ 605,000 | $ 811,730 | $ 1,089,100 |
$ 336,090 | $ 450,940 | $ 605,000 | $ 811,730 | $ 1,089,100 | |
Direct Cost | |||||
Direct Costs | $ 67,210 | $ 90,190 | $ 121,000 | $ 162,340 | $ 217,820 |
$ 67,210 | $ 90,190 | $ 121,000 | $ 162,340 | $ 217,820 | |
$ 268,880 | $ 360,750 | $ 484,000 | $ 649,390 | $ 871,280 | |
Salaries | $ 96,000 | $ 99,840 | $ 105,371 | $ 110,639 | $ 116,171 |
Marketing Expenses | $ 61,200 | $ 64,400 | $ 67,600 | $ 71,000 | $ 74,600 |
Rent/Utility Expenses | $ 36,400 | $ 37,500 | $ 38,700 | $ 39,800 | $ 41,000 |
Other Expenses | $ 9,200 | $ 9,200 | $ 9,200 | $ 9,400 | $ 9,500 |
$ 202,800 | $ 210,940 | $ 220,871 | $ 230,839 | $ 241,271 | |
EBITDA | $ 66,080 | $ 149,810 | $ 263,129 | $ 418,551 | $ 630,009 |
Depreciation | $ 5,200 | $ 5,200 | $ 5,200 | $ 5,200 | $ 4,200 |
EBIT | $ 60,880 | $ 144,610 | $ 257,929 | $ 413,351 | $ 625,809 |
Interest Expense | $ 7,600 | $ 7,600 | $ 7,600 | $ 7,600 | $ 7,600 |
$ 53,280 | $ 137,010 | $ 250,329 | $ 405,751 | $ 618,209 | |
Taxable Income | $ 53,280 | $ 137,010 | $ 250,329 | $ 405,751 | $ 618,209 |
Income Tax Expense | $ 18,700 | $ 47,900 | $ 87,600 | $ 142,000 | $ 216,400 |
$ 34,580 | $ 89,110 | $ 162,729 | $ 263,751 | $ 401,809 | |
10% | 20% | 27% | 32% | 37% |
Include a balance sheet that shows your assets, liabilities, and equity. Your balance sheet should include:
Cash | $ 105,342 | $ 188,252 | $ 340,881 | $ 597,431 | $ 869,278 |
Other Current Assets | $ 41,600 | $ 55,800 | $ 74,800 | $ 90,200 | $ 121,000 |
Total Current Assets | $ 146,942 | $ 244,052 | $ 415,681 | $ 687,631 | $ 990,278 |
Fixed Assets | $ 25,000 | $ 25,000 | $ 25,000 | $ 25,000 | $ 25,000 |
Accum Depreciation | $ 5,200 | $ 10,400 | $ 15,600 | $ 20,800 | $ 25,000 |
Net fixed assets | $ 19,800 | $ 14,600 | $ 9,400 | $ 4,200 | $ 0 |
$ 166,742 | $ 258,652 | $ 425,081 | $ 691,831 | $ 990,278 | |
Current Liabilities | $ 23,300 | $ 26,100 | $ 29,800 | $ 32,800 | $ 38,300 |
Debt outstanding | $ 108,862 | $ 108,862 | $ 108,862 | $ 108,862 | $ 0 |
$ 132,162 | $ 134,962 | $ 138,662 | $ 141,662 | $ 38,300 | |
Share Capital | $ 0 | $ 0 | $ 0 | $ 0 | $ 0 |
Retained earnings | $ 34,580 | $ 123,690 | $ 286,419 | $ 550,170 | $ 951,978 |
$ 34,580 | $ 123,690 | $ 286,419 | $ 550,170 | $ 951,978 | |
$ 166,742 | $ 258,652 | $ 425,081 | $ 691,831 | $ 990,278 |
Cash Flow Statement Include a cash flow statement showing how much cash comes in, how much cash goes out and a net cash flow for each year. The cash flow statement should include:
Below is a sample of a projected cash flow statement for a startup construction business.
Net Income (Loss) | $ 34,580 | $ 89,110 | $ 162,729 | $ 263,751 | $ 401,809 |
Change in Working Capital | $ (18,300) | $ (11,400) | $ (15,300) | $ (12,400) | $ (25,300) |
Plus Depreciation | $ 5,200 | $ 5,200 | $ 5,200 | $ 5,200 | $ 4,200 |
Net Cash Flow from Operations | $ 21,480 | $ 82,910 | $ 152,629 | $ 256,551 | $ 380,709 |
Fixed Assets | $ (25,000) | $ 0 | $ 0 | $ 0 | $ 0 |
Net Cash Flow from Investments | $ (25,000) | $ 0 | $ 0 | $ 0 | $ 0 |
Cash from Equity | $ 0 | $ 0 | $ 0 | $ 0 | $ 0 |
Cash from Debt financing | $ 108,862 | $ 0 | $ 0 | $ 0 | $ (108,862) |
Net Cash Flow from Financing | $ 108,862 | $ 0 | $ 0 | $ 0 | $ (108,862) |
Net Cash Flow | $ 105,342 | $ 82,910 | $ 152,629 | $ 256,551 | $ 271,847 |
Cash at Beginning of Period | $ 0 | $ 105,342 | $ 188,252 | $ 340,881 | $ 597,431 |
Cash at End of Period | $ 105,342 | $ 188,252 | $ 340,881 | $ 597,431 | $ 869,278 |
Finish with an appendix section which will include:
Writing a good business plan gives you the advantage of being fully prepared to launch and/or grow your construction company. It not only outlines your business vision but also provides a step-by-step process of how you will accomplish it.
A well-written business plan is an essential tool for any construction company. The tips we’ve provided in this article should help you write a winning business plan for your construction company.
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By Diana Ramos | August 29, 2022
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We’ve collected the best free, downloadable construction project plan templates for general, residential, and commercial construction projects. Each template includes a brief description to help you decide which is right for you.
On this page, you’ll find a construction project plan with timeline template , a home construction project plan template , a construction management project plan template , and a commercial construction project plan template .
Download a Construction Project Plan Template for Excel | Microsoft Word
Use this simple construction project plan template to track the progress of your project. The timeline feature provides a clear view of how each task fits within the overall project plan. Stay on top of each phase of your project to avoid costly delays and to ensure that dependent tasks are completed on schedule. With this printable template, you can enter all tasks necessary for successful completion of your construction project. You can also track progress, start and completion dates, and the duration of each phase. Task names are completely customizable to meet your precise needs.
For more construction project tools, see this collection of construction project management templates .
Download the Home Construction Project Plan Template for Microsoft Excel
Track and manage your residential building project with this robust template. Designed specifically for home construction, this template allows you to individually manage each task in your project, including start and end dates, completion percentages, and necessary resources. Use the integrated Gantt chart to quickly view the progress of every phase of your home building project, thereby eliminating inefficiencies and scheduling issues.
Check out this complete collection of free construction schedule templates to find the precise tool for your project or business.
Download the Construction Management Project Plan Template for Microsoft Excel
Use this template to manage every phase of your construction project. Customize task names and organize the content to meet your specific needs. This template includes space to track each phase and task needed to complete all construction work on time and within budget. Track by completion status, supervisor, start and end date, and task duration. The template also includes space to record any notes you would like to add along the way.
Check out this complete collection of project plan templates that will meet any planning need you have.
Download the Commercial Construction Management Project Plan Template for Microsoft Excel
Use this customizable template to plan, organize, and track your commercial construction project from start to finish. Enter details about your project’s business plan, including notes about the return on investment (ROI) and project description. By doing so, you can ensure that you clearly articulate all of your goals. Enter every phase and task associated with your project, assign each task to the appropriate supervisor or subcontractor, and track overall progress and completion status. The timeline also provides a quick overview of the progress for each phase of your build. Add notes to any task to clearly articulate details and emphasize certain elements of the project. This robust template keeps your project on time and within budget.
A construction project plan template is a form that captures vital information about your construction project. Project managers and supervisors use these templates to track each phase and task of a construction project.
Construction project plan templates are especially helpful for tracking dependent tasks and scheduling deliverables. They also allow you to confidently communicate with clients and subcontractors, as well as help you organize complex task information.
Individual templates might vary, but they generally include the following elements:
From pre-construction to project closeout, keep all stakeholders in the loop with real-time collaboration and automated updates so you can make better, more informed decisions, all while landing your projects on time and within budget.
The Smartsheet platform makes it easy to plan, capture, manage, and report on work from anywhere, helping your team be more effective and get more done. Report on key metrics and get real-time visibility into work as it happens with roll-up reports, dashboards, and automated workflows built to keep your team connected and informed.
When teams have clarity into the work getting done, there’s no telling how much more they can accomplish in the same amount of time. Try Smartsheet for free, today.
Anytime you start a project, it’s important to have a plan in place to accomplish it.
Whether it’s new construction, renovation, restoration, or rebuilding, a well developed construction project plan, also known as a construction management plan (CMP) is essential for successful completion on schedule and within budget.
Summit Reconstruction and Restoration contractors and crews have successfully completed a number of projects and have experience with project planning and management for a variety of construction projects. Continue reading to find out what makes a good construction project plan, and check out our projects to see the results of good construction project planning.
What is a construction project plan?
Construction planning is the process of figuring out the most efficient and cost-effective method of arriving at a satisfactory construction project. The construction project plan is a roadmap that guides the project from conception to completion.
The project planner, usually a construction project manager, also called a CM, assesses all of the materials and labor required to complete a construction project and schedules those tasks in a way that improves the efficiency of the project as a whole. The goals of a construction plan usually include:
What makes a good construction plan?
Good construction plans are comprehensive and accurately assess the costs and needs of a given project. An accurate and strategic plan can define what work needs to be done and in what order for reference of pending work tasks, and enable the delegation of those operation and maintenance tasks.
Important aspects that should be included in the plan are:
Define All Work Tasks
Break those tasks into sub-tasks, continuing as needed to have a granular view of all work required to complete the project. This includes the work for all teams on the project, from design and engineering team members, to the general contractor and subcontractors.
Determine the Work Sequence & Duration
The work sequence defines the order in which work occurs. If work is done incorrectly it can result in project delays and wasted hours of labor. The project manager must estimate the duration that each task will take to complete.
This is important for both determining a budget after the strategic plan is in place, and ensuring that the sequencing of all work tasks makes sense. Some tasks may be allowed to overlap, other tasks must be completed sequentially. An accurate duration assessment will result in more efficiency overall.
Resource Breakdown
Accurately assessing the resources required for a task will result in a more accurate budget and ensure that the right amount of each resource is ordered and that other considerations, such as storage of that resource until it is ready to be used, has been accounted for.
Why You Need a Construction Plan
Construction plans help you justify project feasibility and help you develop schedules and goals accordingly. Commonly, they can help bridge the communication gap between cross-disciplinary teams whose input is critical before starting a project.
As fluid projects, the strategic aspects of a project can change as the circumstances of the project change. Throughout the course of construction, the original plan may be disrupted or need to be altered to accommodate changes in weather conditions, materials, work crew, or technical difficulties as they arise.
Construction plans can help the construction manager and other stakeholders refer back to their original plan to ensure that the project is moving forward smoothly. These plans maintain project commitment levels by holding people accountable, ensuring that work is completed on schedule, and within budget.
Creating a Construction Project Plan
There are three approaches to a good construction project plan:
The Stages of Construction Project Management
Design & Initiation
At the beginning of the project, carry out a high level of risk analysis during the initiation phase. Identifying key risks at the beginning of the project will help your team prepare for anything that may occur. There are four parts to designing a construction project.
The Concept
What are the needs, goals and objectives of the project? You’ll be making decisions based on the size of the project, the site allocated for the build and the actual design of what your building. This consists of a list for each room or space under consideration, including all critical data.
The Schematic Design
This is a sketch that identifies all the various parts, materials, sizes, colors, textures, etc. It includes the floorplan, elevations, etc., even a site plan.
Design Development
This requires research. You’ll be refining the original drawings from the previous stage now to reflect these decisions. Knowing local building codes and adhering to them will be important at this stage.
Get the contract documents together. These are the final drawing and construction specs. These will be used by outside contractors to bid on the job.
Preconstruction & Planning
From here, it’s time to start assigning roles and plans to make the project successful. Define teams, and make sure that those teams have the skills and certifications required to complete a task. If you have parts of a team that aren’t trained, make sure to get everyone trained up.
Investigate the site and check to see if anything is needed. The site must be ready for the construction, which might mean dealing with environmental issues, such as the suitability of the soil for construction.
At this step, fundamental guidelines should be established, including scope, cost and schedule, and then fine-tuned. Risk is defined and possible solutions mapped out according to a number of scenarios. There should be a clear understanding of who is responsible for what.
Procurement
You have people and you’ve planned for the construction and materials necessary to complete it, now you must obtain those materials and equipment. This might be the responsibility of the general contractor or subcontractors, depending on the organization of the business doing the construction.
This is the stage you’ll be working with purchase orders, which are used as an agreement between the buyer and the seller, as well as requests for proposals (bidding/tendering) from architects and engineers to contractors. Every viable proposal is examined in the light of the owner’s priorities and the contractors’ ability to follow through. This can include general contractors, specialty contractors, specialized equipment, furnishings and landscapers, and more.
Execution & Construction
Finally, you’re ready for the build! But first you have a preconstruction meeting to deal with work hours, the storage of materials, quality control and site access.
Performance Control
During this time, things will inevitably change or go wrong. Ensure that your team is communicating and staying flexible. Good project managers know how to adapt to and solve problems. Go into the project knowing that some things will not go according to plan.
Delivery & Close
This is the ending portion of the project. Consolidate a list of anything left incomplete and assign a team member to complete these items.
Ultimately, the satisfaction of the owner determines the overall success of the project. The last part of the project is after the construction is complete and the occupants move into or take ownership of the site. You must make sure all their requirements have been met, and usually provide a warranty period to make that arrangement official and binding.
Components of a Project Plan
A good project plan starts with baselines. You create a project baseline, followed by a baseline management plan, and a business plan. Along the way, you need reams and reams of documentation. We’ll explain.
Baselines (Performance Measures)
This is the construction project’s approved starting points (cost, scope, and schedule) that determine if the project is on track. A PMB allows you to efficiently monitor and manage how a change in one component affects the others. Using baselines make it easier to accurately estimate costs, assess performance, and calculate earned value.
Baseline Management Plan
Projects deviate from course, and baseline management plans include the documentation on how the baselines vary and how to handle them. With additional planning, management will determine the acts that the team will do when variances to the baseline arise.
Business Plan
The two sectors of construction are commercial and residential. If the construction project is a commercial one, the project plan should include a business plan.
The business plan explains the “why’s” of the project:
Documents in a Construction Project Plan
These are the documents and drawings that are important and advantageous to have in the planning stage because they provide a representation of what’s going to be constructed.
Scope Documentation
Scope documentation is the overall needs of the project, and is usually a list of goals, deliverables, features, functions, tasks, deadlines, and costs. It will also detail the benefits among the milestones you’ll track to reach them.
Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
This document visualizes the key project deliverables and organizes the work a team will do when the project is started into manageable sections. Think of it as a “hierarchical decomposition of the work to be executed by the project team,” as defined by the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK).
Communication Plan
To effectively implement various aspects of your project plan, you must articulate them clearly and deliver them efficiently. You need to define your goals and objectives, then decide on what tools and methods you’ll use to deliver them. Make sure every interaction is documented to keep your teams regularly informed. Reporting mechanisms must be transparent in recording hours, communication strategies, contributions, conflicts, and reconciliations.
Risk Management Plan
You’re going to have to provide safety management, which will include a thorough assessment of what might go wrong and how you resolve it. These risks aren’t only physical or life-threatening, they also include time and cost estimates and other more mundane aspects of the project.
Feasibility Study
This document analyses the impact of the project on a number of factors including stakeholder approval, environmental and social impact, probability of hazards and the extent of profitability posed to clients, teams and your firm. Look at the goals, cost and timeline to see if you have resources to reach a successful project end within those constraints
Building Site Specific Plan
Depending on the size and nature of a building project, including demolition and excavation, the local municipality may require another construction management plan to be drawn up for approval. Items covered often include:
This kind of CMP also typically requires submission in advance with a pre-defined period for approval.
Some other examples of construction planning documents that may be included in the project plan, depending on the project, are Blueprint drawings and specifications, submittals and approvals, permits, fees, and licenses.
Personnel, Roles, & Responsibilities
There are a number of tasks and responsibilities throughout the process of construction project planning and execution, and it’s important to define who will be responsible for which tasks. The typical breakdown of roles and responsibilities includes the project manager and their support team.
Support team positions may include:
The Construction Project Manager
Construction project management is run by a construction project manager. This person is tasked with the planning, coordination, budgeting and supervision of the construction project. Construction project manager responsible for the following tasks:
Tips for Construction Project Planning
In addition to being strategic about resources, operations, and scheduling, there are some aspects to consider when creating and implementing the project plan.
Anticipate Costs
Anticipating costs is important to keep in mind when forming a project plan, because construction can come with a certain level of uncertainty, which includes discovering additional, unforseen costs as the project progresses. You should try to budget and estimate costs as accurately as possible to reduce overhang that could have been spent elsewhere, while also leaving a little bit of slack for overtures or surprise expenses.
Usual areas where expenditures can go beyond the budget are payroll, project budgets, safety equipment costs, material supply, and machinery. The best way to prepare for this is by doing thorough research to reduce the occurrences of unforeseen costs, and be plan strategically to be able to address them with as little disruption to the rest of the project as possible.
Include Quality Control of Materials & Output
The client and stakeholders have to specify the quality of the construction project in terms of material, budget and actual output. Performance of different teams should also be included in the plan.
For example, an overview of the civil engineering project management plan will be a part of the CPMP. Accordingly, efforts can be assigned to different components forming the core of the labor. With monetary and personal investments in play here, quality assurance audits need to be conducted before signing them off.
Hold a Kickoff Meeting
A kickoff meeting is a practical step to bring stakeholders together to go over the project in depth and trust is built among team members because everyone’s input is on the table. Topics to discuss in a kickoff meeting are:
Project Management Tools
Many project management and construction software tools exist to help automate and accelerate the production of a CMP. Programs that run on workstations in the contractor’s offices or that are accessible online as a cloud computing service offer streamlining of:
As projects grow in complexity, both clients and contractors may use these kinds of software and exchange data and files between one another. BIM (building information modeling) software can federate all the different information effectively to make an even more extensive CMP. The CM’s preferred construction management software is used to pull it all together and estimate time, risk and cost of permits, contractors, insurance, labor, materials and so on, down to the last coat of paint.
Consider using a cloud-based construction software to ensure that the project is on track and collaboration is available at every aspect of the project’s life cycle. Project management software is beneficial because it keeps the whole team on the same page.
Examples of CMP tools include:
Construction project plans commonly use Gantt charts for project scheduling. There are a number of tools and softwares for creating Gantt charts, and similar construction schedule templates and project management plan templates using Microsoft Excel or Google Sheets. Other programs are specifically created for construction project planning.
Example Construction Plan and Template
Every project is a little different so every plan will be a little different, but generally they will outline tasks, subtasks, and the timeline in which they must be completed. Below is an example of common tasks included in construction projects.
Construction Project
General Conditions
Foundations
Form and Pour Concrete – Floors and Roof
Masonry Work
Building Finishes
Complete Final Inspections
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By rob nielsen - | jun 6, 2024.
Rob Nielsen, Standard-Examiner
OGDEN — Ogden City is looking at a new approach to the construction of multifamily residences as the public and city officials look at formulating a new general plan.
This week, Ogden City sent out a press release detailing a desire to pursue an ordinance restricting apartment construction in certain areas.
“Ogden City Mayor Ben Nadolski and his administration are proposing a zoning ordinance change that will place temporary limits on new apartment building projects in Ogden,” the release said. “The proposal is the result of broader collaboration and partnerships with State and local leaders working to make data-driven decisions to address the ongoing home ownership crises.”
In the release, Nadolski said the city aims to have a broad spectrum of housing choices.
“Our goal is to provide diverse and balanced housing options across housing types, locations, and affordability levels,” he said. “And the data shows that our citizens need and want to buy single-family homes, especially first-time home buyers.”
In an email to the Standard-Examiner, city spokesman Mike McBride said it’s the perfect time to look at how the city approaches housing.
“Ogden is in the early stages of updating the general plan,” he wrote. “This is a long-forecast look to 2050 and how our planning and zoning will support the vision and hopes of our community, including housing needs and quality neighborhoods. Between 2020-2023, Ogden increased inventory of housing by more than 2000 units with only 3% classified as single family. 62% were multi family. Now is the time for an evaluation of current and future needs while we work to update the general plan. Even with this proposed change, Ogden staff projects that Ogden has sufficient vacant and redevelopable land zoned for multiple-family housing, such as in downtown, in mixed-use zones, and multiple-family residential zones, to accommodate needs for new apartments for at least the next twenty years.”
McBride added that the proposed ordinance change doesn’t necessarily dissuade the construction of new apartment complexes, but rather encourages their construction in other areas of town officials believe are more conducive to their building.
“Ogden continues to seek development of new multiple-family housing in appropriate areas, such as within downtown as part of the Make Ogden plan, in mixed-use zones, and in multiple-family residential zones,” he said. “At the same time, Ogden is seeking ways to provide more opportunities for single-family and ownership housing.”
The release further details where apartments could be restricted with some exceptions.
“If adopted, the ordinance will update standards related to senior and mixed-use multiple-family dwellings,” it said. “Additionally, it will place limits on new apartments in commercial zones C-2/CP-2 and C-3/CP-3, which are generally located along Wall Ave. and Washington Blvd. in the areas north of 18th Street and south of 27th Street, and along 12th Street and Harrison Blvd.”
As stated in the release, new apartments in the specified areas would be prohibited unless developments can be classified under one of these exceptions:
1. Senior multifamily dwellings.
2. Multifamily dwellings next to Ogden Express, or OGX, station areas along Harrison Boulevard.
3. Mixed-use projects on lots of at least 10 acres.
McBride said projects that are already approved and underway will not be impacted and added that the ordinance could help give the city breathing room to address its housing woes.
‘This will give Ogden time to thoroughly plan through an extensive community vision process for healthy neighborhoods that accommodate our housing needs,” he said. “The proposal would apply only to new projects, not projects under construction or where a valid land use application has been filed. The proposal would not prohibit new senior apartments. Senior housing has different neighborhood needs than other types of housing, and the need for senior housing is forecasted to grow more rapidly than needs for other types of housing. The proposal also would not prohibit large mixed-commercial/residential projects that provide substantial services and amenities on-site.”
The city will gather public input on the proposal in the coming weeks, with the first opportunity being at the Ogden City Planning Commission meeting slated for 5 p.m. July 3.
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Writing an Effective Apartment Construction Business Plan. The following are the key components of a successful apartment construction business plan:. Executive Summary. The executive summary of an apartment construction business plan is a one- to two-page overview of your entire business plan. It should summarize the main points, which will be presented in full in the rest of your business plan.
The Plan. Our construction contractor business plan is meticulously structured to include all essential aspects necessary for a robust strategy. It outlines the company's operations, marketing strategy, market environment, competitors, management team, and financial projections. Executive Summary: Presents an overview of your construction ...
Business Overview. VB Residential Construction Company is a startup construction company located in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The company is founded by two cousins, Victor Martinez and Ben Schmidt. Together they have over 20 years of experience in constructing homes from design concept, remodeling and renovating homes.
The apartment construction business plan focuses in offering premium quality design, and infrastructure building services for both small and large apartment complexes. In this part of the plan there is a description of the operations plan that includes the procedures for both selling and executing projects, materials that are usually employed ...
Prepare a safety plan. List equipment needs. List labor needs. Choose construction business software. Find your first client. How to identify your construction niche. The first step in figuring out how to start your own construction business is to decide which type of construction work you want to focus on.
Property Development Business Plan. Over the past 20+ years, we have helped over 500 entrepreneurs and business owners create business plans to start and grow their property development companies. If you're unfamiliar with creating a business plan, you may think creating one will be a time-consuming and frustrating process.
5 Pillars of a Contractor Business Plan. 1. Develop a System to get a Ton of Potential Projects and Client Leads. 2. Develop an Estimating Team That Can Bid Jobs Fast. 3. Develop a Follow-Up System to Negotiate and Close Sales. 4. Set Up Project Management Systems to Keep Everything Running Smoothly.
The real estate and property development industries have been strong over the past few years. As of 2021, the real estate industry was valued at $3.69 trillion and is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate of 5.2% from now until 2030. This growth will be driven by increasing demand for personal housing.
Cash at End of Period. $22,548. $66,375. $141,831. Download This Plan. Explore a real-world construction business plan example and download a free template with this information to start writing your own business plan.
Welcome to our blog post on how to write a business plan for an apartment property development business in 9 easy steps. The apartment property development industry is thriving and experiencing substantial growth. According to recent statistics, the global apartment construction market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 4.5% from 2020 to 2027.
Applications include commercial and residential structures, bridges, educational projects, recreational projects, civil projects, tunnels, utility projects, environmental projects, and virtually every other type of concrete construction. The Market. The housing industry has proceeded at a red-hot pace for several years running.
Size: A4, US. Download Now. With a clean lime-green design, this construction business plan sample is the right choice when starting a construction business. This template is also supported by Google Docs and man other file formats. This template will help you get the necessary details right as needed.
Business in a Box templates are used by over 250,000 companies in United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Australia, South Africa and 190 countries worldwide. Quickly create your Residential Construction Business Plan Template - Download Word Template. Get 3,000+ templates to start, plan, organize, manage, finance and grow your business.
5.1 Sales Strategy. 1. Anywhere Remodeling needs to sell the company, not the price. 2. Anywhere has to sell its quality and service. The actual remodeling is like the razor, and the support, service, design and hand holding are the razor blades. We need to serve our customers with what they really need.
The average equity injection for a multifamily apartment development is 25% according to Janover . If we assume that $10,850,000 is 75% of the total project cost, then the total project would be $14,466,667. Our equity portion would be 25% which equals $3,616,667. So our construction budget can be $14,466,667.
A construction company business plan is a formal written document describing your company's business strategy and feasibility. It documents the reasons you will succeed, your areas of competitive advantage, and it includes information about your team members. Your business plan is a key document that will convince investors and lenders (if ...
Download the Commercial Construction Management Project Plan Template for Microsoft Excel. Use this customizable template to plan, organize, and track your commercial construction project from start to finish. Enter details about your project's business plan, including notes about the return on investment (ROI) and project description.
Business Plan. The two sectors of construction are commercial and residential. If the construction project is a commercial one, the project plan should include a business plan. ... Guide to Assessing Fire Damage Health Risks to Apartment Buildings. January 21st, 2021 | 0 Comments. Water Damage Restoration Tips For Multi-Unit Housing.
Business Plan Sample business plan living dorm and boarding house executive summary overview: mr. reine and ma. gracia colanggo, residence of b27 l18 lauan road. ... 1,000,000) for the improvements and construction of 2-storey apartment with 8 rooms while showcasing the expected financials and operations over the next three years.
OGDEN — Ogden City is looking at a new approach to the construction of multifamily residences as the public and city officials look at formulating a new general plan. This week, Ogden City sent ...
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Projects are sorted by file number, and include a summary project description, location, contact person, and available plans and documents. ... San Jose Water Company maintains a private easement referred to as Ellege Road in unincorporated Santa Clara County near the intersection of Black and Thomason roads in Los Gatos. ... All construction ...
The Tasman East Specific Plan creates a framework for the development of a high density transit-oriented neighborhood (currently proposed to be up to 100 Dwelling units per acre), along with supportive retail services. The specific plan will lay out allowed uses, densities, height limits and design criteria in the Tasman East area.
1500 Warburton Avenue. Santa Clara, CA 95050. If you wish to pay in person by card, check, or cash, come to the Permit Center at Santa Clara City Hall during current open hours. For current open hours/days, please check our website or call: 408-615-2420 and press 0. 1500 Warburton Ave, Santa Clara CA 95050.
The apartment community will bring 48 units - six two-bedrooms and 42 single-bedrooms - to those 55 and older with earnings between 30% and 60% of the area's median income, according a June ...