237 Cyber Security Essay Topics, Ideas, and Examples

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  • Ethical and Illegal Computer Hacking For the ethical hackers, they pursue hacking in order to identify the unexploited areas or determine weaknesses in systems in order to fix them.
  • The Future Career in Cybersecurity During the interview, it is necessary to highlight the knowledge of working as a graph as a mathematical theory and the simple use of spanning trees in cybersecurity.
  • Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications of Hacking So as to discuss the ethical, lawful, and ethical inferences of this concern, people need an understanding of the phrase ethical hacking.
  • Importance of Army Cybersecurity This includes bringing awareness to the cybersecurity issue, involving more people to combat the problem of cyberattacks, and organizing the information based on specialty and tasks that must be completed.
  • Computer Forensics Tools and Evidence Processing The purpose of this paper is to analyze available forensic tools, identify and explain the challenges of investigations, and explain the legal implication of the First and Fourth Amendments as they relate to evidence processing […]
  • White Hat and Black Hat Hacking On the other hand, White Hats work with companies and help them identify weaknesses in their systems and fix relevant vulnerabilities to ensure that attackers cannot illegally gain access to data.
  • Hacking: Positive and Negative Perception The possible advantage of cooperating with hackers for security systems mangers of international organizations and governmental organizations is the probability to recruit them and use their knowledge to empower different organizations to improve their security […]
  • Data Management and Cybersecurity Namely, the principal standard of the HIPAA, as well as the concept of cybersecurity, have proven to factor into some of the key aspects of my professional and personal life.
  • Benefits and Dangers of Ethical Hacking The advantages of ethical hacking The following are some of the advantages associated with the use of ethical hacking in an organization.
  • Cybersecurity Workforce in Emergent Nations The lack of help from developed countries in the training and education of a cybersecurity workforce for developing nations can negatively affect the former. Public and private organizations also contribute to the development of cybersecurity […]
  • Global Cybersecurity in the 21st Century Research Question: Is there a significant connection between the US President’s approach to cybersecurity and the actual presence of the given phenomenon?
  • Cyber Security Issue: RansomWare Until the victim pays a specific amount of money to the attackers within a particular time, cybercriminals can use the virus mentioned above to access the user’s sensitive personal or organizational information. The infection and […]
  • Public-Private Partnerships for Election Systems Cybersecurity In public contracts, the private sector provides the service directly to the public and bears all the associated end-user risks. Private parties can use all the gained knowledge and expertise to conduct security assessments of […]
  • Cybersecurity and How It Impacts Identity Protection and/or Ransomware Firstly, organizational leadership should not undervalue the importance of cybersecurity since the risk of losing the data stored in the company’s database may harm the corporate reputation and trustworthiness.
  • Computer Forensics: Identity Theft The forensics process that is maintained in the framework of computer-related technologies provides professionals with the opportunity to gather, analyze, and report on the information.
  • Sifers-Grayson Company: The Cybersecurity Breach Finally, the recommendations, as per the improvement of the incident response capability, are introduced to ensure the elimination of the identified drawbacks and the compliance of the engineering company with the security requirements presented by […]
  • Hacking as a Crime and Related Theories The move to embrace the novel technology has led to the emergence of a new form of crime and behavior referred to as “hacking”. Today, the term is used to refer to individuals engaged in […]
  • Sources of Digital Forensic Data With live system data, the aim of the investigator is to capture information concerning volatile data that may disappear when a device powers off or it is disconnected from the network.
  • Computer Forensics and Digital Evidence When electronic data has been collected to identify the kind of the incident and introduce evidence of the crime, it is important to organize a meeting with the witness who can provide details of the […]
  • Information Security Fundamentals: Computer Forensics In addition, the paper provides an overview of the techniques used in obtaining evidence from the internet and web resources, the types of evidence that can be recovered from electronic and computer resources, and the […]
  • The Department of Homeland Security’s Cybersecurity Mission Cybersecurity is evolving rapidly, and DHS’s cybersecurity mission is equipped with models adapting to the ever-changing security and information dynamics. The DHS cybersecurity mission is designed with models that adapt to changing dynamics and landscapes.
  • Cybersecurity in the Financial Services Industry In reaction to ransomware attacks, a business such as a bank may have to spend a substantial amount of money, which may cause customers to lose faith in the safety of their funds.
  • The Biggest Cybersecurity Treat to Expect First of all, all employees who somehow use the Internet of Things devices and have access to the corporate IoT network are to be trained to utilize it correctly.
  • Securing Offboarded Employees: Modern Cybersecurity Strategies Disgruntled employees can be potentially dangerous to the whole company’s well-being due to cybercrimes that can affect the entire company’s work.
  • Advanced Research Methods in Cybersecurity Performance measurements refer to the internal functions of the company and ways in which cybersecurity management contributes to the accomplishment of critical tasks within the firm.
  • Gaps in Cyber Security Caused by BYOD In conclusion, these vulnerabilities caused by the insufficient regulation and general unpreparedness of organizational and public networks expose facilities that use BYOD to severe risks of data leaks and hacker attacks.
  • Cybersecurity Threats in Physician Practice The purpose of the source is to inform readers of the strategies to help healthcare professionals identify, avoid and respond to ransomware dangers.
  • Digital Forensic Analysis of Fitbit The comparison of the results and the analyses of the data as a result of the research gave the authors of the article a conclusion in regards to the methodology that has evidence-based results in […]
  • Cybersecurity Contingency & Incident Review Process Next, it is necessary to implement various stages of digital transformation of cybersecurity, which include improving the maturity of enterprises in cybersecurity issues and the use of new solutions.
  • Forensic Accounting and Cyber Security The recent trend of increased exposure due to the access of extended financial and fraud concerns by social media and the internet has necessitated the need to curb the tendency.
  • Hacking Prevention: Mobile Phone Anti-Virus However, the less discussed and addressed subject is the cybersecurity of mobile phones, which are among the most used and vital devices for the majority of the population.
  • Legal Risks of AI Cybersecurity in the European Union Thus, this paper seeks to fill the gap on whether or not safety and security can be covered in cybersecurity for AI by the same rules that are used in private law. The EU has […]
  • Cyber Security: Critical Infrastructure Protection Objects of forensic science are storage mediums that are not part of other devices and which fulfill the function of information storage as the main one.
  • Relation Between Cybersecurity and Cybercrime Meanwhile, one should not assume that cybersecurity is the prerogative of technicians and software engineers only since the consequences of a breach will affect the entire business or private life of those not associated with […]
  • Cybersecurity in 2021-2022: Cybersecurity Advancements In IoT, Blockchain is being utilized to protect connected devices through decentralization and encryption, adding to the evolving nature of system security.
  • Encryption and Hacking Techniques There are several advantages of text-based encryption, and they include the fact that the data can be used across different devices through the concept of multi-device encryption techniques.
  • The US, Russia, and China Cybersecurity Conflict The current situation in the space of cybersecurity provides a significant example of how complicated this area of National Security and its influence on foreign politics can be.
  • Cybersecurity and Geopolitics Relationship Provision of security to information technology and the tools used in the technology is also paramount. Cyber security is also described as measures and operations that are put in place to be to ensure that […]
  • Cybersecurity and Corporations’ Input to It Whatever committee or board of directors is in charge of overseeing cybersecurity risks, the primary goal is for an organization to have an integrated approach to preparing for and protecting against cyber incidents and detecting […]
  • Cybersecurity and Corporations’ Role First, it is worth indicating some of the key reasons for corporations to be in the center of cybersecurity discussion. In April, the company rejected the possibility of a data breach and apparently did not […]
  • Cybersecurity and Geopolitical Issues Geopolitics is the study of integration and effect of earth geography and physical outlay on the political structures, and international relations and reforms that affect the same at different levels.
  • Virtual Reality and Cybersecurity As a result, it is the mandate of the framework entities to establish solutions to the inherent barriers to the implementation of the business plan.
  • Cybersecurity Policy Regarding Critical Infrastructures The article will explicitly analyze the processes behind cybersecurity development as well as the impact of the cybersecurity polies to the global security policies.
  • Cybersecurity: Critical Infrastructure Control Systems The most vital stages of this nature include the analysis of the situation, the assessment of goals to make sure that they are realistic, and the expected effectiveness of implementing new policies.
  • Cybersecurity in the United States Thus, the current research project is going to address the following question: Is there a significant connection between the US President’s approach to cybersecurity and the actual presence of the given phenomenon?
  • Cybersecurity: The Matter of National Security However, if the security of cyberspace is critically evaluated and all the risks eliminated, cyberspace can be an asset that will continue to transform the world.
  • Cybersecurity Advancements in Electric Power Systems Therefore, there will be an increase in the volume of work performed, a reduction in design time and an increase in the quality of work through the use of technology in the next five years.
  • Cybersecurity Dangers and Their Analysis The officer clicks the file, and the malware attacks the system stealing the data and bypassing some security measures. The cyber security framework under the NIST is helping organizations to understand and manage cybersecurity.
  • The US and Apple Relationship in the Field of Cybersecurity In this paragraph, an important aspect is to determine the degree of interaction between the two structures. This paper argues that in times of crisis, such powers should be surrendered to the more considerable public […]
  • Cybercrime and Cybersecurity as Challenges One will also learn the defensive cyber security technologies and techniques used in modern organizations to protect systems data and achieve Knowledge of the maintenance and design of reliable and safe information systems.
  • Digital Forensics Tools and Software One of the most famous software programs for digital forensics is Autopsy, a toolkit that examines the images present on a device’s hard drive.
  • Tim Cook’s Leadership and Apple’s Cybersecurity In this paper, the main types of leadership that can be applied to the leadership style of Tim Cook are considered.
  • Cybersecurity Weaknesses: The Case of LinkedIn The Internet has become the largest storage of personal and corporate information in the history of the world. The data relating to hundreds of millions of users was leaked online in the Dark Web segment […]
  • The Importance of Leadership Skills in the Field of Cybersecurity The wider the information networks cover the world, the more frequent and dangerous cyber-attacks are, and the more cybersecurity specialists become in demand.
  • Modern Cybercrime: Most Recent Threats and Cybersecurity This is due to the fact that the Internet is a public open system in which data moves uncontrollably and can be discovered, intercepted, or stolen if the correct knowledge of the equipment is applied.
  • Cybersecurity Strategy, Law, and Policy Team Assignment It may be critical to prevent cybersecurity breaches or data leaks to maintain the effective functioning of the government and ensure the sovereignty of the country.
  • The Cybersecurity Threat Landscape The threats may come from different sources, and the criminals may focus on distinct vulnerabilities in the security of the system.
  • Solving the Cybersecurity Workforce Crisis Since cyber security specialists are highly demanded in the current market, the private sector has been offering increased compensation in comparison with the government sector, which has led to decreased interest in IT positions in […]
  • Cryptographic Algorithms: The Use in Cyber Security Cryptographic protection of a system depends on two factors, 1) the strength of the keys and effectiveness of associated protocols, and 2) protection of said keys via key management.
  • Assessment of Cybersecurity Program Maturity Padgett-Beale Financial Services must choose the appropriate framework and standards, determine required regulations and laws to comply with, and identify the best practices for maturity assessment to achieve an impenetrable cybersecurity management program.
  • Cybersecurity Implementation Plan for PBI-FS Therefore, the current plan will define the objectives, goals, and objectives, and scope of the implementation. The implementation of the cybersecurity management plan pursues both business and project goals and objectives.
  • Facebook Compatibility With Padgett-Beale Cybersecurity Philosophy The purpose of this paper is to evaluate Facebook on the subject of cybersecurity and compatibility with Padgett-Beale’s cybersecurity philosophy and goals.
  • Cybersecurity Issues in Industrial Critical Infrastructure This way, the author analyzes the potential impact of various cybersecurity threats capable of interrupting the stability of the supply of energy to communities and industries.
  • Supply Chain’s Cybersecurity and Risk Analysis Since there are so many parties involved, it is crucial to assess every part of the process, from obtaining the raw material to the delivery to the customer. Cybersecurity is the critical answer to most […]
  • Amazon Inc.’s Business Profile and Cybersecurity On the contrary, Amazon has continued to rise in the industry and has expanded from selling only books to trade in nearly any product and providing various services.
  • Integrating Cybersecurity Framework With Information Technology Governance Frameworks ISMS builds a model of relationships between the aforementioned activities, and, as Almuhammadi and Alsaleh argue, companies “understand their cyber security risk management approach and what are the processes in place to manage the risk”.
  • Cybersecurity, Ethics, and Privacy in the Global Business Environment Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to cover the types of possible threats and mitigation methods, explain the importance of a continuity plan, and outline ethical and privacy concerns for organizations.
  • Technology Acceptance Model and Cybersecurity In this context, the implementation of TAM in the company is critical for the effective functioning of the organization. In this context, the introduction of TAM leads to the fact that satisfaction directly affects the […]
  • Cybersecurity: Multi-State Information Sharing and Analysis Center The MS-ISAC also advises the agencies on the best tools available in the market that provide the best protection of the government systems and data.
  • Cybersecurity Strategy and Plan of Action Padgett-Beale’s primary intention of merging the company was to relocate the call epicenter to a property owned by the company roughly 10 miles from the company’s previous location and opposite the newly released Padgett-Beale resort.
  • Digital Forensic Examination, DVR Another application would be to determine the network’s or a user’s IP and track their online activity. The information can be used to determine an unknown individual’s location and possibly identity, or for a known […]
  • Cybersecurity in the Energy Sector The stable supply of energy is the key to the normal functioning of American society, as it fuels all essential industries that ensure the vitality of the nation.
  • Cybersecurity for Open Data Initiatives Governments continue to play a vital role in the open data movement.Data.gov was developed under OPEN Government Data Act; this is Title II of Foundations for the Evidence-based Policymaking Act.
  • Computer Forensic Incident All evidence should be collected in the presence of experts in order to avoid losing data as well as violating privacy rights.N.
  • Cybersecurity Threats to Educational Institutions The rapid adoption of digital solutions is exposing schools to the cyber-security threat, which is currently the biggest concern that these institutions face as they make a complete shift from the analog to the digital […]
  • Cybersecurity Necessity and Benefits Second, the exploration of human factors in the framework of cyber-security can assist in resolving the issues of understanding a defender’s cognitive state, possibilities for automation, and an attacker’s subjective traits.
  • Internet Hacking and Cybersecurity Conundrum Analysis Many people have gained access to computer systems, the Internet, and related products and services, leading to the emergence of cyber-related threats. Cybersecurity improvements are vital to the continuous developments in information technology, national security, […]
  • Internet Hacking and Cybersecurity Conundrum Therefore, the increasing number of attacks during the pandemic could be handled with the help of machine learning and have the numerous human workers assigned to less crucial tasks that actually require human judgment.
  • Government and Private Sector in Cybersecurity Richards highlights the government’s leading role in the context of cyber threats while stating that the number of attacks is still on the increase.
  • Ethical Hacking: Is It a Thing? Computer programmers implemented the term ‘hacker’ at the beginning of the 1960s in the framework of a positive definition for an individual of dexterous software development skill.
  • Computer Network Security Legal Framework With the introduction of cloud computing, the need of data protection has been rising significantly within computer networks to facilitate the protection of Intellectual Property among the users.
  • Computer Forensics and Audio Data Retrieval Advanced technology in the modern society has contributed to the increase in computer and computer supported criminal activities due to the soaring increases in the number of internet users across the world and computerization of […]
  • Cyber Security: Security Audit On the issue of computers and laptops, I learned from the administration that each laptop was specifically assigned to a single person who was entrusted with a password known to him and the organization’s administration […]
  • Computer Forensics: Data Acquisition Data acquisition is a branch of computer forensics concerned with the retrieval of data originally located on a suspect medium such as a hard drive.
  • Computer Forensic Timeline Visualization Tool The necessity to save time in computer forensic investigations is the basis of the tool that Olssen and Boldt came up with.
  • The Qatar Independence Schools’ Computer Network Security Control The result of the interviews mainly outlined several common themes and patterns in terms of the design of the proposed security system.
  • Computer Sciences Technology and HTTPS Hacking Protection Many are assured when they see the SSL symbol of a lock at the bottom of the screen and feel their information is confidential and the website is protected.
  • Moral Issues Surrounding the Hacking of Emails The devises to enter into another people’s email and steal information in the email is called Email Hacking. It should noted that stealing of valuable information through email hacking has become a phenomenon in both […]
  • Hacking Government Website From the View of Right and Justice Computer crimes refers to the use of the computer system or the internet to commit criminal activities A computer crime is an unlawful act done via a computer or a network and some of the […]
  • COBIT5 vs. ITIL4 in Cybersecurity Significantly, ITSM is the alignment of information systems and enterprise IT services with business and the needs of the customer who is the end-user.
  • Cybercrime and Cybersecurity: Data Protection One of the biggest Constitutional concerns for electronic surveillance as well as search and seize of evidence is protected by the Fourth Amendment which limits any such activities against the private persons, property, or effects […]
  • Cyber Security Threat and Its Impact on the UAE In 2018, the UAE government and private sector were the subject of a total of 230 cyber attacks, as The National UAE reports.
  • Agility and Situational Awareness in the Context of Cyber Security As a result, measures should be implemented to create cyber security, which will protect the information resources of an organization from damage.
  • Research Tools Used by Computer Forensic Teams Computer Forensics is a branch of digital forensics which is used in “identifying, preserving, recovering, analyzing and presenting facts and opinions about the information”.
  • Cybersecurity and Social Networks Recently, there have been many trends the security of information and communication technologies, in particular, due to the expansion of the reach of social media which increase the size of social network, which has taken […]
  • Business and Cybersecurity Research Thus, a more sophisticated theoretical approach is taken to represent the goals of cyber security. A mediating variable, in turn, is the effectiveness of cyber security measures perceived from theory- and practice-related standpoints.
  • Quality Control of Digital Forensics The quality control over computer forensic products is necessary because of the growth of the Internet services. Thus, the investigator and the lab are challenged not only with solving a case but also providing the […]
  • Windows Logs: Improving Cybersecurity The specified event points to the need to configure the current settings of the master browser in order to address possible security issues and close the loopholes that potentially make the computer vulnerable to malware.
  • Cybersecurity: Weak and Strong Passwords The strong passwords have a low probability of being guessed because the amount of possible iterations and combinations is extremely high.
  • “Evolution of Federal Cyber Security” by J. Roth Even after training, the GAO report continued to demonstrate system control deficiencies due to failures in the identification of enough boundary security mechanisms, breakdown in the need to know, insufficient restriction of physical access, and […]
  • The Different Sides of Hacking In a general sense, computer hacking involves the intrusion of the computing privacy of other people, damage of the computing property of other people like files, software etc.or the theft of private information by unauthorized […]
  • US Brokerage Hacking by India Issue The personal accounts of the defendants were used to purchase shares of stocks, following which they hacked into other people’s accounts and made good use of their passwords and usernames.
  • Computer Forensics in Criminal Investigation In this section, this paper will address the components of a computer to photograph during forensic photography, the most emergent action an investigating officer should take upon arriving at a cyber-crime scene, the value of […]
  • Computer Forensics and Cyber Crime Due to age characteristics, the insufficient educational activity of parents, the provision of unlimited opportunities in the online environment, and also due to the low media literacy of the population, people can become victims of […]
  • Cyber Security: Shadow Brokers Hacker Group A concealed group of hackers stole several disks containing secret data belonging to the National Security Agency in 2013; In 2016, they announced an auction to sell off the data they had obtained illegally; […]
  • Cybersecurity and Encryption Analysis: VPN, PKI & Firewalls The end-to-end encryption is the more complex process that can be discussed as the data encryption between the client application and the server provided with the help of additional technologies.
  • Cybersecurity as a Leadership Challenge Cybercrime can lead to the leakage of important data, system interference, and the delivery of unsatisfactory services to consumers. This sophistication has amplified the insecurity of information systems to the extent of creating more threats […]
  • Shadow Brokers Hacker Group and Cyber Security Industry Therefore, in order to prevent the recurrence of such attacks, the N.S.A.needs to strengthen the security system of particularly essential information to eliminate its diversion.
  • Deutsche Telecom Company’s Cyber Security The present work deals with the issue of DDoS attacks and builds a case on one of the well-known IT companies to single out the problem, the immediate solutions and preventive practices, and the lessons […]
  • Cybersecurity: Deutsche Telekom Company’s Case The example of Deutsche Telekom proves the importance of the development of cybersecurity programs and strategies to protect users and their interests.
  • Cybersecurity Risks Affecting Enterprises From a national security standpoint, it is crucial to know and understand the nature of the enemy and be prepared for an increase in cyberterrorism attempts.
  • Cyber Security and Employees The major factors that define the thriving of cyber ganging are the insufficient level of employees’ competence, the lack of knowledge about the technical side of information protection, and non-compliance with safety standards.
  • Cybersecurity Directives and Laws Describe the National Strategy for the Physical Protection of Critical Infrastructures and Key Assets and how it attempts to protect cyber assets.
  • Cybersecurity and Vital Elements The focus of any risk management effort is a standard system or a framework that help organizations and individuals to manage integrity, confidentiality, and data and ensure critical resources availability.
  • Emerging Cyber Security Approaches and Technologies These emerging cyber security approaches and technologies are unique and new, and they look promising for securing critical infrastructures in the cyberspace.
  • Cybersecurity Dilemmas: Technology, Policy and Incentives The value of the assets determines the amount of time and resources that can be invested to protect a particular system.
  • Hacking: White, Black and Gray Hats Living in the era of the Internet and online technology increases the vulnerability of the information stored online and on electronic devices.
  • A Duty of Care for Cyber Security Hence, the sensitive data can be easily accessed by cyber criminals in the event that the cloud service is breached by users.
  • Digital Forensics: Open Source Tools The National Software Reference Library is a project at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the primary goals of which are to store all existing software, file profiles, and file signatures and to provide […]
  • Digital Forensic Methodology In the event that sufficient information is available, the required system configuration should be developed by ensuring that the forensic software and hardware are established and validated.
  • Automotive Industry’s Cybersecurity and Threats It is significant to ensure the security of this system because it focuses not only on the audio and video entertainment but also allows to control navigation system and manipulate the behavior of the car.
  • Cybersecurity and Risk Control Implementation The first component of the risk treatment framework refers to the decision not to go through with the procedures that may present a risk; the second one stands for the minimization of the possibility of […]
  • Online Predators and Childrens’ Cybersecurity To win the battle against online predators it is important to craft laws that were created by people with a thorough understanding of how perpetrators utilize information systems and the Internet to commit sexually-related cyber […]
  • Computer and Digital Forensics and Cybercrimes This has greatly affected the success of computer forensics and it is the main drawback in this area. The world is now safer due to the increasing usage of computer forensics in court cases.
  • The Role of U.S. Government in Cybersecurity According to the government of the United States, cybersecurity is among the most serious economic and security challenges that the government needs to deal with.
  • Cyber Security’s and Counter Terrorism’ Intersection Realization of national interests is the concern of many states in the current international and security is the main challenge that each government is trying to cope up with given the fact terrorists are ever […]
  • Cybercrime, Digital Evidence, Computer Forensics The website “howstuffworks” carries an article discussing the basics of computer forensics, this is a good example of a website that is useful in explaining or understanding the reality of cybercrime and digital evidence. Not […]
  • Middle East Cybersecurity, E-Government, Ecommerce The findings in the research revealed that five main issues led to the reluctance in the adoption of e-commerce and e-governance by the Emirates.
  • Sony Corporation Hacking and Security System The organization had to stop the hackers and ensure information did not flow freely but it was unfortunate, as the company sought the services of the California court because it had no capacity to deal […]
  • Growth Hacking and Marketing Methods As a result, it could be observed that the combination of the growth hacking methods and the permission-based marketing appear to be one of the most efficient techniques towards marketing that is low-cost and effective.
  • Cybersecurity: Stuxnet Virus Cyber security is one of the major concerns of governments in the contemporary world. It is important to note that in case of Stuxnet the three aspects prove to be vulnerable.
  • Ways to Stop Cell Phones Hacking Although it is in the view of many that their phones cannot be hacked as they only protect their computers from hacking, mobile phone operators are more predisposed to being hacked since a mobile operator […]
  • Banking Sector Cyber Wars and International Hacking Flaws in the network allow hackers to access the systems. In efforts to reduce hacking in the country, a number of police units have been formed.
  • The Threats of Cyber Security Under the PPD-21, the owners of the critical infrastructure will work with the government to hasten the process of strengthening the national critical infrastructure in terms of the much needed security.
  • Two Greatest Hacking Systems in the USA Appropriating intellectual output of someone else is also a computer malpractice that is intolerable. Generally, Computer malpractice is seen when a person shows hasty and careless conducts or behaviors when making use of computer systems.
  • Cybercrime: Gary McKinnon’s Hacking Event It is the lack of effective controls that accounts for most hacking incidences, as depicted by the case of Gary McKinnon who was able to gain unauthorized access to NASA and pentagon systems, deleting crucial […]
  • Important Problem of Cybersecurity Simulations The information stored in the company’s database was encrypted to create confidence in the customers on the security of the data.
  • Cyber Security Technologies The technology is regularly designed to alter the attack surface of a network, making it hard for attackers to access a system and reducing the susceptibilities and predictabilities available at any time.
  • The Impact of Mobile Devices on Cybersecurity The very popularity and extent of the use of mobile computing devices and the internet creates a special vulnerability to businesses.
  • Analysis of Mandiant Cyber Security Company The company’s innovation theories and products need to accommodate other companies that do not view cyber crime as a major risk on their systems.
  • Leadership: Mandiant Cyber Security Company Kevin Mandia is the founder and the CEO of the company. The achievements behind Mandiant Cyber Security Company owe its success to the leadership styles exhibited in the firm.
  • Adrian Lamo’s Hacking: Is It Right? The example of Galileo introduces a theory about the construction of the Solar System that was the target of interest of the well-known scientist.
  • Cyber Security Threat Posed by a Terrorist Group These among other features of the internet have been identified to form the basis of the cyber terrorism attacks. A comprehensive international collaboration among investigators and prosecution teams in cases of cyber attacks have also […]
  • Computer Forensics Related Ethics Due to advancement in technology, individual information can be kept in databases, the risk of accessing this data is evident and this necessity the need of such a law so as to ensure security.
  • The Cyber Security Act of 2009 Analysis This would contribute to enormous benefits to both the government and private stakeholders by ensuring a cyber security strategy that serves the interests of all.
  • Air Force and Cyber Security Policies The use of technology in processing financial transactions implies that there is need to boost the trustworthiness, security, resilience, and reliability.
  • The Role of Computer Forensics in Criminology In fact, since the development of the virtual machine monitors, the live-state analysis in digital forensics has become common and easy to understand.
  • Ethical Hacking: Bad in a Good Way Introduction of personal computers led to the increase in the number of hackers as well as hacker targets were widened. Many hackers lack the skills to damage network systems in a major way.
  • Hacking: Social Engineering Online The information is fed to the main web site that’s runs the hacking software, where the information is sorted according to various numbers.
  • Cyber Security in Private and Public Sectors The US has the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act that ensures that patients’ data remain accessible only to the authorized segment of the staff.
  • Cyber Crime and Necessity of Cyber Security This is one of the policies that has been proposed to curb cyber crimes and is being debated in the congress.
  • Cybersecurity in the Energy Industry In this regard, in the event that a cyber attack is launched against the energy sector, it is bound to have far reaching consequences.
  • Ethics in Computer Hacking Hacking by no means follows ethics; the infiltration is to the benefit of hacker and loss of users of computer system, network or website.
  • Computer Forensics and Investigations It is crucial in the investigation of crimes that are related to the manipulation of computer systems. For digital evidence to be admissible in court, investigations should be conducted in a manner that adopts the […]
  • Preparing a Computer Forensics Investigation Plan However, if the information is thought to be contained in the permanent storage, then a computer has to be shut down before transporting it to a laboratory for forensic analysis. The first step in the […]
  • Basic Operations of Computer Forensic Laboratories All computer forensic laboratories in the US have to adhere to the national standards before they could be certified. Standard computer forensic equipment is used to support standard procedures and conditions in the laboratories.
  • Kosovo 1999: Hacking the Military The paper addresses the motivation behind the attacks, the methods of attack, and the responses of the defenders to these attacks.
  • Introducing Cybersecurity Policies: Challenges and Solutions The major purpose for establishing security guidelines is to set an organization’s data security standard and describe the role of employees in safeguarding the documents of the firm, as well as the significance of a […]
  • Société Générale Bank: Effective Security Controls The management of the bank revealed that Kerviel exploited every loophole to hack the computer operations at the bank. It is also important to list the potential risks because it enables the security personnel to […]
  • Computer Security Breaches and Hacking To avoid such an attack in the future, it is advisable to keep both the client and server applications up to date.
  • Analysis of BJG Cybersecurity Consultants
  • Analysis of Cybersecurity and Risk Management
  • Analysis of Cybersecurity Metrics as Well a Governmental
  • Analyzing the Impact of Mobile Devices on Cybersecurity
  • Assessing the Impact of Cybersecurity Attacks on Power Systems
  • Building Cybersecurity Awareness: What Should Both Companies and Consumers Do to Protect Themselves?
  • Current Practice Analysis for IT Control and Security
  • Why Cybersecurity Is Important?
  • Cybersecurity in Banking Financial Services Secto
  • Cybersecurity in the European Union: Resilience and Adaptability in Governance Policy
  • Cyber Security : Is No Silver Bullet For Cybersecurity?
  • Dealing With Cybersecurity Threats Posed by Globalized Information Technology Suppliers
  • Emerging Technologies That Impact the Cybersecurity Field
  • Hacker’s Culture and Cultural Aspects of Cybersecurity
  • How Cybersecurity Is an Aspect of Security?
  • How Cybersecurity Is Important Resources?
  • How Policies, Laws and Regulations Affect the Cybersecurity Field?
  • Is Cybersecurity a Big Deal?
  • Risk Assessment Uncertainties in Cybersecurity Investments
  • What Is Cybersecurity?
  • When Cybersecurity Policy Is Discussed the Topics Often?
  • Why Computer Scientists Should Care About Cybersecurity?
  • Access Single Most Important Cybersecurity Vulnerability Facing IT Mangers
  • Model for the Impact of Cybersecurity Infrastructure on Economic Development in Emerging Economies: Evaluating the Contrasting Cases of India and Pakistan
  • Cybersecurity and Its Importance in the Modern World
  • Architecture for Managing Knowledge on Cybersecurity in Sub-Saharan Africa
  • Benefits of Using Cybersecurity
  • Border and Cybersecurity in the United States
  • Botching Human Factors in Cybersecurity in Business Organizations
  • Companies Responsibilities in Enhancing Cybersecurity Chapter
  • Cybersecurity and Law Enforcement
  • Cybersecurity and Organizational Change Concept Map
  • Cybersecurity at European Level: The Role of Information Availability
  • Cybersecurity for Critical Infrastructure Protection
  • Cybersecurity for Digital Financial Service
  • Cybersecurity Policy Making at a Turning Point: Analysing a New Generation of National
  • Effect of Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) on Cybersecurity
  • Human Aspects in Cybersecurity on a Government Agency and a Private Organization
  • Improvement of Cybersecurity Is Necessary
  • Most Important Cybersecurity Vulnerability Facing It Managers Computer Knowledge
  • Obama Administration’s Policy Views on Cybersecurity
  • Review of Cybersecurity Risks of Medical Device Software
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Cyber Security Essay for Students and Children

Cyber security essay.

Cybersecurity means protecting data, networks, programs and other information from unauthorized or unattended access, destruction or change. In today’s world, cybersecurity is very important because of some security threats and cyber-attacks. For data protection, many companies develop software. This software protects the data. Cybersecurity is important because not only it helps to secure information but also our system from virus attack. After the U.S.A. and China, India has the highest number of internet users.

cyber security essay

Cyber Threats

It can be further classified into 2 types. Cybercrime – against individuals, corporates, etc.and Cyberwarfare – against a state.

Cyber Crime

Use of cyberspace, i.e. computer, internet, cellphone, other technical devices, etc., to commit a crime by an individual or organized group is called cyber-crime. Cyber attackers use numerous software and codes in cyberspace to commit cybercrime. They exploit the weaknesses in the software and hardware design through the use of malware. Hacking is a common way of piercing the defenses of protected computer systems and interfering with their functioning. Identity theft is also common.

Cybercrimes may occur directly i.e,  targeting the computers directly by spreading computer viruses. Other forms include DoS attack. It is an attempt to make a machine or network resource unavailable to its intended users. It suspends services of a host connected to the internet which may be temporary or permanent.

Malware is a software used to disrupt computer operation, gather sensitive information, or gain access to private computer systems. It usually appears in the form of code, scripts, active content, and other software. ‘Malware’ refers to a variety of forms of hostile or intrusive software, for example, Trojan Horses, rootkits, worms, adware, etc.

Another way of committing cybercrime is independent of the Computer Network or Device. It includes Economic frauds. It is done to destabilize the economy of a country, attack on banking security and transaction system, extract money through fraud, acquisition of credit/debit card data, financial theft, etc.

Hinder the operations of a website or service through data alteration, data destruction. Others include using obscene content to humiliate girls and harm their reputation, Spreading pornography, threatening e-mail, assuming a fake identity, virtual impersonation. Nowadays misuse of social media in creating intolerance, instigating communal violence and inciting riots is happening a lot.

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Cyber Warfare

Snowden revelations have shown that Cyberspace could become the theatre of warfare in the 21st century. Future wars will not be like traditional wars which are fought on land, water or air. when any state initiates the use of internet-based invisible force as an instrument of state policy to fight against another nation, it is called cyberwar’.

It includes hacking of vital information, important webpages, strategic controls, and intelligence. In December 2014 the cyberattack a six-month-long cyberattack on the German parliament for which the Sofacy Group is suspected. Another example 2008 cyberattack on US Military computers. Since these cyber-attacks, the issue of cyber warfare has assumed urgency in the global media.

Inexpensive Cybersecurity Measures

  • The simplest thing you can do to up your security and rest easy at night knowing your data is safe is to change your passwords.
  • You should use a password manager tool like LastPass, Dashlane, or Sticky Password to keep track of everything for you. These applications help you to use unique, secure passwords for every site you need while also keeping track of all of them for you.
  • An easy way for an attacker to gain access to your network is to use old credentials that have fallen by the wayside. Hence delete unused accounts.
  • Enabling two-factor authentication to add some extra security to your logins. An extra layer of security that makes it harder for an attacker to get into your accounts.
  • Keep your Softwares up to date.

Today due to high internet penetration, cybersecurity is one of the biggest need of the world as cybersecurity threats are very dangerous to the country’s security. Not only the government but also the citizens should spread awareness among the people to always update your system and network security settings and to the use proper anti-virus so that your system and network security settings stay virus and malware-free.

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Cyber Security - List of Essay Samples And Topic Ideas

Cybersecurity, a critical concern in our digitally connected world, encompasses practices, technologies, and policies to protect networks, devices, programs, and data from attack or unauthorized access. Essays could delve into the myriad types of cyber threats like malware, phishing, and ransomware, exploring their evolution and impact on individuals and organizations. They might also discuss the measures individuals and enterprises can adopt to mitigate cyber risks, the challenges of staying ahead of cyber adversaries, and the role of governmental and international regulation in promoting cybersecurity. Discussions could extend to the implications of cybersecurity on national security, privacy, and the digital economy, and how the burgeoning field of cybersecurity is evolving to meet the complex challenges of the modern digital landscape. A substantial compilation of free essay instances related to Cyber Security you can find at Papersowl. You can use our samples for inspiration to write your own essay, research paper, or just to explore a new topic for yourself.

Cyber Security and how to Prevent Cyber Crime

Cybercrimes are interrupting normal computer functions and has brought many known companies and personal entities to their knees. Over the last decade, crime has entered into the world of information. Crime is developing gradually since the days when merchandise was transported by stagecoach, theft or extortion has changed to keep up, even to our modern-day equivalent-credit and debit cards. Stealing credit card number has become well known danger. In the present, internet has become a playing field for computer attackers. […]

Cyber Security Threats in Healthcare

Cyberattacks have been targeting the healthcare industry, among the biggest industries in the US, in the 2018 period. The implication is that it has come time to improve the protection of institutional and patient information with a more tailored approach to this threat. In comparison with other industries, many health organizations have engaged in inadequate investment in cybersecurity while spending approximately as much money as other industries. It is quite worrying when phishing cyberattacks, as well as breaches of patient […]

Impact of Technology on Privacy

The 21st Century is characterized by the heavy impact technology has on us as a society while it continues to develop new devices and modernize technology. Millions of individuals around the world are now connected digitally, in other words, people globally rely heavily on smartphones tablets, and/ or computers that store or save a majority of their personal information. Critical and extremely personal data is available and collected in these smart technology such as credit card details, fingerprint layout, and […]

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Cyber Security Threats on the State Level

This paper examines two notable events of cyber warfare and security in our current age (the Stuxnet attack on centrifuges, and the Petya ransomware affecting citizens and governmental agencies), as well as examines how these attacks shape foreign and domestic policies and procedures. By examining the extent of the damage of these two attacks, I will argue that cyber warfare events will not just affect governmental systems, but would ultimately cause destruction to the layman's infrastructure, further crippling any state […]

Essay of Cyber Security Education

The experts and professionals of matters related to cyber security should assign the participant puzzles whereby they should divide themselves into various teams as indicated in the framework of NICE, and each group should specialize in a specific area. There is a wide range of ideas on the cyber security where the riddles may come from the fields like Wireshark, protection of website application, analysis of digital systems, and social engineering. There should be a task force created to conduct […]

Constant the Rise of Technologies and Cyber Threats

There is a wide range of cyber threats that happen every day, it is important that we follow all of the necessary precaution's in order to ensure the safety of our private information including but not limited to passwords, network credentials, banking or credit card information. Malicious attacks occur more frequently than one would expect, their purpose is to damage a device. Most of us are unaware of the weaknesses we have within our smartphone's security settings. With that being […]

Cyber Security for the Average American

According to statistics, the average American spends 10 hours per day using technology. Whether it be a cellphone, tablet or laptop, that's more than 40 hours a week online. We think that we're safe, but part of living in this 21st century is understanding that our so-called private information can easily accessed by the wrong person and made public. I am sure you have heard, at some point, news pertaining to identity theft or data breaches, with the effects being […]

Cyber Security for our Generation

Some of the biggest threats to our national security often go unnoticed. These threats are generally not publicized, and no emphasis is placed on them. They represent some of the most significant challenges our generation faces. It's shocking is that these threats are often covered up or are attempted to be. For instance, one of the key issues that arose in 2018 was the Facebook data scandal. This scandal was not a cyber-attack per se, yet it highlighted that most […]

How Pervasive is the Internet in your Life?

Q.1 How pervasive is the internet in your life? How much do you think society has come to depend on the Internet? Answer: When it comes to how pervasive the internet is in current life, my answer is that the internet has almost influenced each event of our daily life every day. Of course, we can't deny that there may be some people, around our side, who never heard about the internet, for example, those elder people who has less […]

The E-Commerce and Cyber Security

The wish is the online e-commerce company that will provide the opportunity for all shoppers to find their favourite wordrobe online in all of the world. Their wardrobe could be included dresses, skirts, jeans and etc.... This company was founded in 2010 and also have the App for their over 100 million users on the iOS and android platform. The E-Commerce servers for this company is located in four cites internationally, two are in the USA, the headquarter in Alexandria […]

Advanced Cyber Security and its Methodologies

Digital Civilization has turned into a critical wellspring of data sharing and proficient exercises like business, saving money exchanges, shopping, and administrations and With the expansion in utilization of the internet, cybercriminal exercises are additionally expanding exponentially. The fundamental reasons is that with the commencement of internet, the web applications were likewise getting prevalence for information putting away and information sharing, regardless of the client. With the progression of time, web applications were getting more intricate with quick increment in […]

Defining Cybersecurity Law

INTRODUCTION In "Defining Cybersecurity Law," Jeff Kosseff, the author, appears to be more concerned with improving cybersecurity law than defining it. In this paper, I will provide a brief summary and critique of the four substantive sections of this article. I will conclude with a mention of the aspects of cybersecurity law the author missed. My main issues with this article are the author's (1) preoccupation with the prevention of cybersecurity breaches instead of balancing security against values, (2) definition […]

Why do you Want to Study Cyber Security

In today's hyper-connected era, we're more online than offline. Our digital identities intertwine with the real, making the boundary blurry. But as we gleefully navigate this digital frontier, shadows lurk in the form of cyber threats, reminding us that our brave new world isn't without its pitfalls. So, why venture into the challenging world of cybersecurity? Why choose a path that constantly grapples with these shadows? Spoiler alert: It's more than just a career choice. Real-world Superheroes In comic books […]

Health Care Cyber Security

Healthcare is an industry sector that has become unstable and crucial in this expanding digital landscape. This necessitates an organization's data security program to be properly structured, as there is no room for error, which could easily translate into a life-and-death situation. This article presents both fundamental technical and business issues that often elude the healthcare data security program. On the technical side, extensive proliferation of data and systems into the cloud, a continuous increase in connected medical devices, and […]

Substations: Smart Grid & Cyber Security Threats

Transferring from old energy network to a new technology such as smart grids. It changes the energy industry worldwide to better quality, manageability and performance. It gives us the ability to operate it by communications, monitor and control it. However, using communications in smart grid increase connectivity causing our security to be exposed and make it more challenge to protected. It can be a target for hackers, and cyber terrorism. Thus, it got governments, consumer and industry attention to increase […]

Cybersecurity: Protecting the Fragile Web of Global Connectivity

I believe everything that is created by man can also be destroyed by it. Humans have proved to be the most intelligent species in this world. We have created the technology that appears to be smarter than the human brain but if it overpowers the human intelligence it can be destroyed as well. Internet works in the same manner. It has created dependencies that have led to millions of people relying on this technology in getting every task done no […]

Cybersecurity Issues in Societal Perspective

E-governance and Cybersecurity Documents issued by a country's government provide a personal identity to an individual. Driver's licenses, social security numbers, tax identification numbers, and various other entitlement documents are used on a regular basis by people to demonstrate their identity and authorization for various opportunities. Because these documents form the basis for all subsequent documents, their integrity is of high importance to stakeholders. Therefore, these crucial documents are targets for criminals and further cyberattacks (Conklin, A., & White, G. […]

The Real Issue Behind Cyber-Security

The steady trend towards digitalization has been occurring for a long time, and as of lately, a new type of crime market has risen alongside digitalization. In recent years, companies all over the world have been affected by some form of cybersecurity issue whether that be attacks to infrastructure or momentary paralyzation of the company itself through the exploitation of security measures. Over the years the number of attacks all around the world has increased exponentially with many more cyber-attacks […]

Cybersecurity Today

Networks (internet) are not secure enough due to the lack of efficient cybersecurity. As a result, ransomware attacks are increasing, affecting most businesses and individuals today. Enacting measures to detect cyberattacks and ransomware attacks can be helpful in preventing unforeseen repercussions from the attacker in the corporate network. Cybersecurity needs to implement new policies and recommendations so that ransomware attacks can be reduced. This report will first discuss some ransomware attacks that have happened before. Next, the report will discuss […]

Cybersecurity as a Form of Digital Protection

Cybersecurity is an ever-growing form of digital protection, created and used for the sole purpose of protecting confidential information against hard drive malfunctions, power outages, and adversaries. In healthcare, it is crucial for hospitals and health providers to keep up with the security of digital health data through cybersecurity in order to comply with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) and avoid potentially devastating consequences. Insider threats, access control breaches, and network breaches are some of the main […]

Virtual Reality: Game Transfer Phenomena

Imagine if you were you were floating through space, watching a horror film,s or perhaps playing a video game, and it seemed like you were actually there. With the invention of virtual reality (VR), people are able to explore the illusion of this reality. Virtual reality is computer-generated technology used to create a manufactured environment. There is a range of systems that are used for this purpose such as special headsets and fiber optic gloves. The term virtual reality means […]

Cybersecurity Paper

With cybersecurity attacks on the rise, the ability of an organization to ensure uninterrupted operations is an imperative. No longer can an organization solely rely upon software applications to identify and mitigate cyber risks. It takes a skilled team led by an experienced manager to holistically address an organization's technology risks. The National Infrastructure Advisory Council's (NIAC's) definition of infrastructure resilience is "the ability to reduce the magnitude and/or duration of disruptive events. The effectiveness of a resilient infrastructure or […]

Cybercrimes: an Unprecedented Threat to the Society

What is a Cybercrime? Cybercrime, or computer-oriented crime, is the crime that involves computer and its network. The computer may have been used in the commission of a crime, or it may be the target. Cybercrimes can be defined as: "Offences that are committed against individuals or groups of individuals with a criminal motive to intentionally harm the reputation of the victim or cause physical or mental harm, or loss, to the victim directly or indirectly, using modern telecommunication networks […]

Cybersecurity for a Successful Acquisition Report

The act of conducting a policy gap analysis is crucial in determining any missing overlap or technical deficiencies when planning to join the IT architecture and network topologies of two or more companies. During the acquisition process, the policies of either party will be examined in order to confirm current software updates and patches, proper configuration of tools, and employee protocol during the transition. Once the initial merger is complete, it'll be important to compare the outcome with each company's […]

Reasons of Cyber Attacks

1. Substandard User ID and Password Every individual need to have their own password secure and stronger. For an instance strong password can be obtained by latest maintaining minimum of having15-character length with an least one special character, number, capital and small alphabet. Most importantly choosing password like own name, date of birth, phone number may become hacker to simply figure out easy to break through your personal account security. In the same way User ID should not be shared […]

Laws of Cybercrimes

Abstract This paper examines the cyber security and its challenges in current temperamental circumstance of security in present world. These day's innovation of technology persistently developing more quickly than expected. As a public that runs on latest innovation technologies, we are likewise therefore reliant on it. Where similarly as innovation of technology brings ever more noteworthy advantages, it likewise brings ever more prominent threats. We should look some significant concerns confronting that incorporate threats, information theft, identity theft, cyber war, […]

Developing and Testing Photorealistic Avatar with Body Motions and Facial Expressions for Communication in Social Virtual Reality Applications

Developing and Testing Photorealistic Avatar with Body Motions and Facial Expressions for Communication in Social Virtual Reality Applications Abstract Providing effective communication in social virtual reality (VR) applications requires a high level of avatar representation realism and body movement to convey users’ thoughts and behaviours. In this research, we investigate the influence of avatar representation and behaviour on communication in an immersive virtual environment (IVE) by comparing video-based versus model-based avatar representations. Additionally, we introduce a novel VR communication system […]

Advantages of Cybersecurity in a Digital World

Ever stopped to think about how much of your life plays out in the digital realm? Our lives are undeniably intertwined with technology, from morning alarms on our smartphones to evening Netflix binges. Yet, while we eagerly embrace the latest app or gadget, there's an unsung hero behind the scenes, ensuring our digital escapades are safe and sound: cybersecurity. It's easy to dismiss it as mere technical jargon or something only businesses need to worry about. But, truth be told, […]

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How To Write an Essay About Cyber Security

Understanding cyber security.

Before writing an essay about cyber security, it is essential to understand what it encompasses. Cyber security refers to the practice of protecting systems, networks, and programs from digital attacks. These cyber attacks are usually aimed at accessing, changing, or destroying sensitive information; extorting money from users; or interrupting normal business processes. Begin your essay by defining cyber security and discussing its importance in the contemporary digital world. Explore the different types of cyber threats, such as malware, phishing, ransomware, and denial-of-service attacks. It’s also crucial to understand the impact of these threats on individuals, businesses, and governments.

Developing a Thesis Statement

A strong essay on cyber security should be anchored by a clear, focused thesis statement. This statement should present a specific viewpoint or argument about cyber security. For instance, you might discuss the evolving nature of cyber threats, the challenges of cyber security in a particular sector (like finance or healthcare), or analyze the effectiveness of current cyber security measures. Your thesis will guide the direction of your essay and provide a structured approach to your analysis.

Gathering Supporting Evidence

To support your thesis, gather evidence from credible sources. This might include recent studies on cyber security, statistics about cyber attacks, examples of significant security breaches, or expert opinions. Use this evidence to support your thesis and build a persuasive argument. Remember to consider different perspectives, including technological, ethical, and legal viewpoints.

Analyzing Cyber Security Strategies and Challenges

Dedicate a section of your essay to analyzing cyber security strategies and the challenges faced in implementing them. Discuss various approaches to cyber security, such as technological solutions, policy measures, and user education. Explore the challenges in keeping up with constantly evolving cyber threats and the balance between security and privacy. For example, consider how advancements in areas like artificial intelligence and machine learning are influencing cyber security practices.

Concluding the Essay

Conclude your essay by summarizing the main points of your discussion and restating your thesis in light of the evidence provided. Your conclusion should tie together your analysis and emphasize the significance of cyber security in the digital age. You might also want to reflect on future trends in cyber security or suggest areas where further research or policy development is needed.

Reviewing and Refining Your Essay

After completing your essay, review and edit it for clarity and coherence. Ensure that your arguments are well-structured and supported by evidence. Check for grammatical accuracy and ensure that your essay flows logically from one point to the next. Consider seeking feedback from peers or experts in the field to refine your essay further. A well-written essay on cyber security will not only demonstrate your understanding of the topic but also your ability to engage with complex technological and societal issues.

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Home — Essay Samples — Information Science and Technology — Computers — Cyber Security

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Essays on Cyber Security

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Target Breach Case Study

Brief history of cyber security, cyber crimes and cyber security in modern world, cybersecurity and risk management, let us write you an essay from scratch.

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Effects of Social Media on Cybercrime

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Fundamental Steps of Cyber Security

Statement of purpose (information technology and cyber security), data mining and machine learning methods for cyber security intrusion detection, best ways to have secure coding at your company, the issue of digital security risks and its types, a survey on android malwares and their detection techniques, the notions of cyber-warriors in social media, human error, the weakest link in cybersecurity, digital crime and digital terrorism: the future of technology, general data protection regulation, cyber bullying, its effects and ways to stop, cyber crimes, cyber terrorism as a major security challenge, the most damaging hackers' attacks in history, malware classification using machine learning, national security and its need for technological advancement, international cybercrime law: past, present, future perspectives, the future of cyber security: what we can expect, research on cyberwarfare: cyberattacks, experiments, and future predictions, the role of information security, relevant topics.

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Cyber Security Essay: Topics and Tips to Write a Stellar Paper

argumentative essay on cyber security

Cyber security has become exceedingly important over the last two decades. If countries are not trading accusations and counter-accusations over the violation of their online spaces, they’re strategizing how to keep attackers at bay. Countries with the best cyber defenses thrive, while unprepared ones suffer massive losses annually. But in the era where computers have literally taken over all facets of our lives, keeping safe from hackers and other crooked spies has never been more important. The subject has attracted massive attention online, with millions of articles exploring it. Therefore, it’s unsurprising that you’re looking for help with a cyber security essay. This short piece will provide all the assistance you need. It covers industry secrets, tips, and tricks from top cyber security professionals to help you write an essay on cyber security effectively. Read on to stay ahead of the pack.

Choosing Captivating Cyber Security Essay Topics

There are uncountable cyber security essay topics to choose from. Since the subject is highly contested, many issues arise daily that you can explore in your papers. However, not all topics will generate interest or add value to the debate. So, how do you go about choosing a befitting theme or subject for your essay? Here are a few tips:

  • Relevance: You can write just about anything if it’s germane. You want to explore something that’s to the point and benefits your audience. Readers don’t appreciate their time wasted. Therefore, both your topic and contents must align lest they feel cheated.
  • Trending: We now live in the age of #tags. Computer algorithms control what you see, when you see them, and how you see them. If you’re committed to your work, you should always consider and research current trends to maximize the impact of your paper.
  • Passion: As already noted, there are numerous issues in computer security that you can write about. But not all ideas will interest you. Therefore, it’s advisable that you align with the topics you feel more passionate about. For example, it could be the nexus between data protection and cyber security, government involvement and cyber security, social engineering and cyber security, artificial intelligence and cyber security, cybersecurity laws and regulations and cyber landscape, and hacking and cyber security. Know where you lean and formulate a solid topic to explore.

From Beginner to Pro: How to Write a Stellar Essay on Cyber Security      

Now that we’ve explored topic selection, let’s delve into the nitty gritty of essay writing on cyber security. Below are six critical tips to get you started:

  • Background research. Solid essays benefit from thorough research work. Yours should be no exception. Remember you’re not the first person to write about the topic. There could be thousands if not millions of papers on it. So, how do you want to convince your audience to read past your introduction? Stay ahead of the curve. Read widely and determine what other authors have explored in their works. Find the gaps, the points of weakness to exploit, and the strengths to build upon. Additionally, carrying out thorough research gives you a balanced perspective. This is vital because it limits biasness. Readers are often uninterested in reading opinion pieces masquerading as research papers. Therefore, incorporate relevant and credible citations in your work, backing every claim you make.
  • Solid essay structure. At this stage, you probably know the basic structure of an essay – introduction, body, and conclusion. While there are numerous variations based on an essay’s length, this fundamental formation remains the same. Ensure that your writing respects these basics, minimizing the chances of having a head or tail-heavy paper. For example, a two page essay should not have an introduction that exceeds 150 words, otherwise it becomes head-heavy. On the other hand, you can afford writing 250 words on a longer paper of 10 or more pages. Balance is critical in this case. However, if you’re unsure of what to do, you can seek help and order essay by CustomWritings which has assisted numerous students with similar challenges. Reach out to them and you’ll never regret it.
  • Coherence. Having a free-flowing paper is even more critical than adhering to structural integrity. There is no benefit to having a well-structured work with a disjointed flow of ideas. As an argumentative essay, each section should usher your readers to the next seamlessly. Your paragraphs should gel and project the same messages and emotions, otherwise it becomes difficult for readers to follow the logical progression of your thoughts and may lead to confusion or disinterest. Remember that even word choice plays a significant role in the overall flow of your essay. If you do this right, you not only demonstrate clarity and organization in your writing, but also exhibit your ability to communicate effectively.
  • Case studies. You can strengthen your arguments by adding some case studies and examples while also spicing it up in the process. There are so many real-world cyber security issues to work with. For example, breaches that led to huge financial losses, data theft, or system failures. The importance of creativity to essay writing cannot be over-emphasized. However, crafting an essay on cyber security is more about being factual than creative. As such, you must ground it on real stories.
  • Balance. Your papers can also benefit from balanced arguments. You don’t need to convince your audience to adopt your stand by ignoring opposing voices. Instead, you should address them and provide solid counterarguments. This way, your audiences will understand why it’s better to be on your side, while at the same time respecting you as a person. You can write a short note to keep you on track by ensuring that each opposing view is countered effectively.   
  • Solid conclusion. Be sure to write a paragraph that recaps all your arguments. Some readers are impatient and will always skip to the conclusion to understand what an essay is about. Take that opportunity to grab their attention, and, if possible, maintain it. Your conclusion should be nothing less than a sucker punch that delivers a rush of adrenalin and awakening to them.    

Cyber Security Essays Are All About Structure and Coherence!

As discussed in the article, a good essay is all about adhering to the basics. Have a solid structure and make a coherent argument. However, if you want to stand out, you must demonstrate cyber security awareness by incorporating real world examples in your work. Additionally, carry out thorough research to know what’s relevant, accurate, and valid to use. If you follow the tips above, you’ll be on your way to writing a winning paper in English.

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127 Cyber Security Essay Topic Ideas & Examples

Inside This Article

With the increasing reliance on technology, cyber security has become a critical concern for individuals, organizations, and governments worldwide. As cyber threats continue to evolve and become more sophisticated, it is essential to stay informed about the latest trends and issues in this field. If you are tasked with writing an essay on cyber security, here are 127 topic ideas and examples to get your creative juices flowing.

The role of artificial intelligence in enhancing cyber security.

The impact of cyber attacks on critical infrastructure.

The ethical considerations of cyber warfare.

The legal frameworks governing cyber security.

The challenges of securing the Internet of Things (IoT) devices.

The role of encryption in protecting sensitive information.

The effectiveness of password policies in preventing cyber attacks.

The psychology behind social engineering attacks.

The impact of cyber attacks on the global economy.

The future of biometrics in cyber security.

The role of cyber insurance in mitigating cyber risks.

The ethics of hacking for the greater good.

The impact of cyber attacks on healthcare systems.

The role of education in raising cyber security awareness.

The challenges of securing cloud computing environments.

The implications of quantum computing on cyber security.

The importance of international cooperation in combating cyber crime.

The role of cyber security in protecting intellectual property.

The impact of cyber attacks on national security.

The challenges of securing critical data in the cloud.

The role of cybersecurity audits in identifying vulnerabilities.

The impact of cyber attacks on the banking and financial sector.

The ethical implications of government surveillance for cyber security purposes.

The role of cybersecurity professionals in addressing the skills gap.

The challenges of securing personal information in the digital age.

The impact of cyber attacks on elections and democratic processes.

The role of user awareness training in preventing cyber attacks.

The implications of data breaches for consumer trust.

The challenges of securing mobile devices in the workplace.

The role of cyber security in protecting personal privacy.

The impact of cyber attacks on small businesses.

The role of cyber security in safeguarding intellectual property in academia.

The challenges of securing critical infrastructure in developing countries.

The ethical considerations of vulnerability disclosure.

The impact of cyber attacks on the transportation sector.

The role of cyber security in protecting children online.

The challenges of securing Internet of Things (IoT) in smart homes.

The implications of cyber attacks on the aviation industry.

The role of cyber security in protecting against ransomware attacks.

The impact of cyber attacks on the entertainment industry.

The challenges of securing e-commerce platforms.

The role of cyber security in preventing identity theft.

The implications of cyber attacks on the energy sector.

The ethical considerations of government backdoor access to encrypted data.

The impact of cyber attacks on the hospitality and tourism industry.

The role of cyber security in protecting sensitive government information.

The challenges of securing online gaming platforms.

The implications of cyber attacks on the media and journalism.

The role of cyber security in protecting against social media threats.

The impact of cyber attacks on the transportation and logistics industry.

The challenges of securing online banking and financial transactions.

The role of cyber security in protecting against insider threats.

The implications of cyber attacks on the education sector.

The ethical considerations of using cyber weapons in warfare.

The impact of cyber attacks on the retail industry.

The role of cyber security in protecting against insider trading.

The challenges of securing online voting systems.

The implications of cyber attacks on the gaming industry.

The role of cyber security in protecting against intellectual property theft.

The impact of cyber attacks on the healthcare and pharmaceutical industry.

The challenges of securing social media platforms.

The ethical considerations of cyber security in autonomous vehicles.

The implications of cyber attacks on the hospitality industry.

The role of cyber security in protecting against credit card fraud.

The impact of cyber attacks on the manufacturing industry.

The challenges of securing online dating platforms.

The implications of cyber attacks on the insurance industry.

The role of cyber security in protecting against corporate espionage.

The impact of cyber attacks on the food and beverage industry.

The challenges of securing online marketplaces.

The implications of cyber attacks on the pharmaceutical industry.

The role of cyber security in protecting against intellectual property infringement.

The impact of cyber attacks on the nonprofit sector.

The challenges of securing online streaming platforms.

The ethical considerations of cyber security in wearable technology.

The implications of cyber attacks on the real estate industry.

The role of cyber security in protecting against medical identity theft.

The impact of cyber attacks on the telecommunications industry.

The challenges of securing online job portals.

The implications of cyber attacks on the automotive industry.

The role of cyber security in protecting against data breaches in the legal sector.

The impact of cyber attacks on the music industry.

The challenges of securing online auction platforms.

The implications of cyber attacks on the construction industry.

The role of cyber security in protecting against online harassment.

The impact of cyber attacks on the advertising and marketing industry.

The challenges of securing online learning platforms.

The implications of cyber attacks on the fashion industry.

The role of cyber security in protecting against online stalking.

The impact of cyber attacks on the sports industry.

The challenges of securing online travel booking platforms.

The implications of cyber attacks on the beauty and cosmetics industry.

The role of cyber security in protecting against online scams.

The impact of cyber attacks on the hospitality and catering industry.

The challenges of securing online dating applications.

The implications of cyber attacks on the healthcare and wellness industry.

The role of cyber security in protecting against online bullying.

The impact of cyber attacks on the entertainment and events industry.

The challenges of securing online food delivery platforms.

The implications of cyber attacks on the fitness and wellness industry.

The role of cyber security in protecting against online fraud.

The impact of cyber attacks on the home services industry.

The challenges of securing online social networking platforms.

The implications of cyber attacks on the pet care industry.

The role of cyber security in protecting against online piracy.

The impact of cyber attacks on the restaurant industry.

The challenges of securing online fashion retail platforms.

The implications of cyber attacks on the healthcare and fitness industry.

The role of cyber security in protecting against online hate speech.

The impact of cyber attacks on the wedding and event planning industry.

The challenges of securing online grocery delivery platforms.

The implications of cyber attacks on the gaming and entertainment industry.

The impact of cyber attacks on the music and entertainment industry.

The challenges of securing online travel and tourism platforms.

The implications of cyber attacks on the beauty and wellness industry.

The role of cyber security in protecting against online identity theft.

The impact of cyber attacks on the fashion and retail industry.

The challenges of securing online health and wellness platforms.

The implications of cyber attacks on the food and beverage industry.

These essay topic ideas cover a broad range of industries and sectors, highlighting the pervasive nature of cyber security threats. Whether you choose to explore the implications of cyber attacks on a specific industry, examine the challenges of securing a particular platform, or discuss the ethical considerations of cyber security, there are endless possibilities for research and analysis in this field. Remember to choose a topic that interests you and aligns with your objectives, ensuring a rewarding and engaging essay-writing experience.

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Home | Science | Sociology | Society | Social Issues | Law | Crime | Cyber Crime | Cyber Security

Cyber Security Essay Examples

36 essay samples on this topic, essay examples, essay topics, cyber security protection from threats personal essay.

Cyber Crime

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Business case for cyber security, designing a cyber security infrastructure and algorithm.

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Check a list of useful topics on Cyber Security selected by experts

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Finding Dignity and Meaning Through Cyber Security

Free Cyber Security Essay Examples & Topics

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Risks Are Dealt With by Cyber Security or Computer Security

The Misconceptions of Cyber Security

Unaligned Cyber Security National and International Laws

information

Cyber security has become a major concern after the introduction of the internet. All the websites and internet providers are investing huge money for cyber security as it has become mandatory to secure all the websites and data available there. We have all the expertise in cyber security to provide you with the examples and information to write a Cyber Security essay. We have experts in this field, and with their collaboration, we have written several examples for you to write an essay on cyber security. We have tried our level best to add all the relevant data, stats, and figures to provide updated information to our readers, and you can write all the data in your essay. All the example essays, including cyber security essay example, are readily available here, and you can read the topic and dimension that is most suitable to you. Although there is a lot of content available on the internet for this issue, we provide the most unique and authentic one.

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  • malicious codes
  • network abuses
  • network attacks
  • Confidentiality
  • Availability
  • Keeping sensitive information secure and private.
  • Having the ability to recover data that has been damaged, lost, or compromised.
  • Ensuring authorized users can freely access the systems, networks, and data needed to perform their daily tasks.

References:

  • Goutam, R. K. (2015). Importance of Cyber Security. International Journal of Computer Applications
  • Myriam Dunn Cavelty (2008). Cyber-Security and Threat Politics.
  • Singer, P. (2014). What Do We Mean By Security Anyway? Brookings Institution. 

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174 Cybersecurity Essay Topics & Research Questions to Write About

Are you looking for cybersecurity essay topics? Check out our extensive list of trending titles and interesting cyber security essay examples! You can use these ideas for your project, presentation, thesis, or research paper. And our questions for debates can also be used as cyber security argumentative essay topics!

🏆 Best Essay Topics on Cybersecurity

✍️ cybersecurity essay topics for college, 👍 good cybersecurity research topics & essay examples, 🎓 most interesting cybersecurity paper topics, 💡 trending cybersecurity topics to write about, ❓ cybersecurity research questions, 🖥️ cybersecurity topics for presentation, 🗣️ cybersecurity debate topics.

  • PEST Factors and PEST Analysis in Cybersecurity Industry
  • Cybersecurity in Amazon Business and Its Industry
  • Cyber Security Challenges for Business
  • Cyber Security: The Nature and Scope of Cybercrime
  • Cyber Security at Ports: Advantages and Disadvantages
  • Cybersecurity and Protection in Healthcare
  • Blockchain Technology and Cybersecurity
  • Literature Review of Articles on Cyber Security of Young Children The Internet has become an inherent constituent of modern life, to which people are exposed from early childhood.
  • Drone Technology Cybersecurity and Information Systems The purpose of this document is to discuss drone technology, applications, cybersecurity, and information systems.
  • Cybersecurity in Cruise Ship Industry Even though cruise ships are equipped with the most advanced technologies, they remain vulnerable to cyberattacks that may lead to economic, political, and social damages.
  • Store My Bits International Company’s Cybersecurity Risk Analysis The paper gives full details of the plan for mitigating and addressing viruses problems associated with modern technologies and the Internet.
  • Island Banking Services: Cybersecurity Strategy and Implementation Plan This paper aims to describe the cybersecurity strategy and its implementation plan for Island Banking Services that is a firm that works in Financial Transactions Processing.
  • Cybersecurity Awareness and Training in Business Environment Cybersecurity refers to protecting systems linked to the Internet, including software, data, and hardware, from online threats.
  • Unified Cybersecurity Standards in Healthcare Medical staff needs to improve their informatics skills to use the equipment efficiently. Attacks on servers and systems will increase.
  • Cybersecurity and Its Importance in Schools Cybersecurity is becoming important for schools due to the ever-increasing number of risks, the typology of which is becoming more extensive and diverse.
  • The Future of Computers and Cybersecurity The cybersecurity sector is almost always changing in response to hackers’ shifting habits and new threats. Therefore, the future of cybersecurity is almost impossible to predict.
  • Innovation in the Cybersecurity Industry This paper explains the role of innovation in the cybersecurity industry and identifies the major developers related to inventions.
  • Integrating NIST’s Cybersecurity Framework With IT Governance Frameworks An Information Security Management System (ISMS) is a primary asset responsible for an organization’s cybersecurity.
  • Cybersecurity for Amazon Web Services Infrastructure This paper gives a detailed description of the best strategies and initiatives to maintain the security of data and services that reside on Amazon Web Services infrastructure.
  • Baiting in Cybersecurity: Realization and Prevention A type of cyber-attack such as baiting is part of social engineering. It is a term that refers to looting users’ data or compromising the integrity of an IT infrastructure.
  • Cybersecurity in the Energy Sector Cybersecurity is protecting cyberspace, the infrastructure that stores and transfers information, from malicious cyberattacks.
  • Cyber Security Management and Policy Cyber security threats should be a concern for any company and especially for businesses that employ a large number of people and collect substantial quantities of data.
  • Raising Employee Cybersecurity Awareness Sufficient information that could empower employees to identify cyber vulnerabilities is readily available online, it can be disseminated freely or added to instructions.
  • Sifers-Grayson Company: Cybersecurity Incident The business impact of the cybersecurity incident should be analyzed from the perspectives of operational efforts and transformations.
  • Mayo Clinic’s Cybersecurity Risk Analysis The purpose of this paper is to analyze internal and external threats to Mayo Clinic’s Personal Healthcare Information (PHI).
  • Mandiant Cyber Security Company’s Leadership Style Mandiant Cyber Security Company, renowned for forensic expertise and computer security programs, was founded in America by Kevin Mandia in early 2004.
  • Cyber Security: Policy, Processes and Practices There are potential challenges associated with cyber security. Increased internet connections and applications require robust measures for the management of cyber security.
  • Cybersecurity Threats to the Energy Sector The modern era of global technologies creates a two-fold situation. On the one hand, new advanced digital technologies are emerging to automate energy production.
  • Cybersecurity Threats America Faces This paper analyzes the articles on engaging consumers in cyber security, the cyber frontier and digital pitfalls in the global south, and the cybersecurity workforce gap.
  • Russia-Ukraine War as Cybersecurity Challenge This paper will address the most pressing topic of recent weeks, namely the war that Russia has launched against Ukraine, and touch on a severe aspect related to cybersecurity.
  • The Internet of Things Cybersecurity Improvement Act This research paper discusses the Internet of Things Cybersecurity Improvement Act and what it means for the public and the government.
  • Cybersecurity: The Role in Business The human factor plays a considerable role in the reliability of cybersecurity, as both user error and abuse of access-related privileges represent cyber threats.
  • Statistics for an IT Project Manager and in Cybersecurity Statistical analysis as the means of managing a vast amount of data represents an untapped potential for any IT manager.
  • Ethics in Cybersecurity and Software Engineering Ethical philosophy as a whole implies a search for definitions and mechanisms for the systematic distinction between right and wrong.
  • Cybersecurity in Healthcare Organizations Data breaches in healthcare facilities greatly impact patients, and they may lose confidence in the healthcare system.
  • Confidentiality in Cybersecurity Confidentiality is one of the major concepts that contribute to the security of users online as well as their personal data used in online activities.
  • Equifax Case Study: Cybersecurity Measures This case study discusses the events of the Equifax breach, identifying security and control weaknesses, and factors that contributed to the development issues.
  • Cybersecurity and Crimes as Advanced Persistent Threat The purpose of this article is to introduce the features, attack process, and methods and techniques used by advanced persistent threat attackers to carry out attacks.
  • Cyber Security Process and Technology The management should also consider updating the computer’s software regularly to enhance protection from stalkers.
  • Blue Team Con: Cybersecurity Conference Blue Team Con is a conference performed yearly for cybersecurity specialists, working with companies directly to ensure the safety of their assets, students, and entrepreneurs.
  • Cyber Security Breaches and Ransomware Attacks This research paper attempts to describe ransomware as a complex malware and its characteristics, it also discusses the factors, detection, and prevention of malicious software.
  • The Need for Cybersecurity Data Science It is critical to explore how data science helps cybersecurity defense strategies and understand its importance.
  • Researching of Cybersecurity and Cybercrime The paper will discuss the technology transfer processes followed by the funding sources for technologies in the cybersecurity field
  • Local Government’s New Policy on Cybersecurity The paper argues the local government has the obligation to ensure that the information of the residents remains safe and confidential.
  • Public-Private Partnerships for Election Systems Cybersecurity The paper explores the public-private partnership and explains benefits for businesses, costs, and risks, and offers a recommendation for companies.
  • National Cybersecurity Protection and the Role of CISA The federal government with the help of the Cybersecurity and ISA has put in place strategies and policies to protect the country from ICT-related national threats.
  • Contemporary Global Marketing and Cyber Security The article discusses cyber security issues in the context of business and marketing. The security market had grown over the years within global marketing.
  • Cyber Security Awareness Employee Training This paper aims to provide cyber security awareness employee training, discussing good cyber security habits, password guidance, phishing attacks and how to prevent them.
  • Cybersecurity Workforce Crisis in State Governments Cybersecurity is one of the most vital fields in computing. This research has been conducted to highlight the cybersecurity challenges facing state governments.
  • Speed as Important Factor in Cyber Security Enterprise organizations have a lot to handle in the era when cyberattacks have become not just a tangible threat but a lived reality.
  • Cybersecurity: The Current War of Today Cybersecurity laws in the United States have continued to be modified over time to meet new challenges, but there are difficulties in completely securing information.
  • The Need of Cybersecurity in Healthcare Industry The purpose of this point paper is to explain the importance of implementing cybersecurity strategies for healthcare organizations.
  • Cybersecurity Threats to the Non-Executive Director The essay will elaborate on the most major digital threats that non-executives face while being on their computers and provide practical strategies for preventing them.
  • “How COVID-19 Is Dramatically Changing Cybersecurity” by Deo The article “How Covid-19 is dramatically changing cybersecurity” by TATA Consultancy Services delivers a detailed overview of the risks large companies face.
  • Cybersecurity of Central Institutions The issue of cybersecurity acquires the top priority and should be given significant attention to guarantee the effective functioning of central institutions.
  • Cyber Security Is Not a New Issue The issue of cybersecurity should be given significant attention to preserve the existing order and guarantee the effective functioning of central institutions.
  • Cybersecurity – Threat Modeling to Predict Attacks Over the last decade, the field of cybersecurity has faced dramatic changes, and cyber-threats have become more severe.
  • Cybersecurity Strategic Plan and the Best Practices in the Healthcare Sector Technology is changing at a rate that most institutions cannot keep pace with; hence, introducing a large that makes organizations susceptible to cyber breaches.
  • Software Piracy at Kaspersky Cybersecurity Company Software piracy is an urgent contemporary problem that manifests itself both locally in relation to an individual organization and globally.
  • Cybersecurity Issues of Healthcare Organizations The paper aims at analyzing the article describing a potential implementation of unified cybersecurity standards for healthcare organizations.
  • Cybersecurity of Healthcare Technologies In the world of fast-developing technologies, there are many opportunities and threats to health care. Cybersecurity threats need to be addressed as soon as they emerge.
  • Medical Device Cybersecurity in Practice The breach of medical device security can lead to the loss of vital data, personal records of the patients, and the flawed operation of the devices.
  • US Health and Human Services’ Cyber Security This report focuses on the security challenges of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and studies the activities carried out by HHS on information security.
  • Cyber Security in Business Organizations The most dangerous crime associated with technology is the emergence of hackers, who steal organizations’ information for financial benefits.
  • Changes Smartphones Are Making in Cybersecurity
  • Cybersecurity for Digital Financial Service
  • Multidisciplinary Approach Within the Cybersecurity Discourse
  • Cybersecurity Challenges and Compliance Issues Within the U.S. Healthcare Sector
  • Cybersecurity and Law Enforcement
  • Takeaways From the Ocie Cybersecurity Initiative Risk
  • Cybersecurity for American Government
  • Cybersecurity and Risk Management
  • The Cybersecurity and Cyber Warfare in India
  • Government Cybersecurity Regulation Assignment
  • Cybersecurity for Critical Infrastructure Protection
  • Ethics, Legal, and Compliance Issues in Cybersecurity
  • Cybersecurity and the Threat to National Security
  • Attack-Prevention and Damage-Control Investments in Cybersecurity
  • Cybersecurity in an Open and Decentralized Network
  • Cybersecurity and Risk Behaviour on Mobile Individual Consumers in Spain
  • Cybersecurity Policies and Solutions in Yemen
  • Parallel and Distributed Computing for Cybersecurity
  • Cybersecurity and Organizational Change Concept Map
  • National Cybersecurity Policies and Regulations
  • Cybersecurity and Cyberwarfare Critical Thinking
  • Architecture for Managing Knowledge on Cybersecurity in Sub-Saharan Africa
  • Modeling Multivariate Cybersecurity Risks
  • Computer Networks and Cybersecurity
  • Innovation Dynamics and Capability in Open Collaborative Cyber Communities: Implications for Cybersecurity
  • Cybersecurity and Financial Stability: Risks and Resilience
  • Current Practice Analysis for It Control and Security, Cybersecurity
  • Cybersecurity Reaches New Heights in Georgia
  • The Issues Surrounding Our Cybersecurity
  • When Considering Cybersecurity, What Are the Roles and Responsibilities of an Organization?
  • Government Cybersecurity Regulation
  • Some Cybersecurity Strategies Indian Enterprises Should Look Into
  • Cybersecurity and Financial Stability
  • Cyber Risk: Why Cybersecurity Is Important?
  • National Cybersecurity Profile Brazil
  • Technology and the Impact on Cybersecurity
  • Dealing With Cybersecurity Threats Posed by Globalized Information Technology Suppliers
  • Fed Records Show Dozens of Cybersecurity Breaches
  • Benefits of President Obama’s Cybersecurity Internet Policy
  • Emerging Cybersecurity Technologies
  • Most Important Cybersecurity Vulnerability Facing It Managers Computer Science
  • Emerging Technologies That Impact the Cybersecurity Field
  • Internet Surfers and Cybersecurity
  • Improving Cybersecurity Using Nist Framework
  • Global Cybersecurity Industry Analysis and Forecast to 2023
  • Cybersecurity Research Meets Science and Technology Studies
  • Cybersecurity and National Policy
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  • Personal Statement About Cybersecurity
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  • Cybersecurity and the World Today
  • Why Should Computer Scientists Care About Cybersecurity?
  • Enacting Expertise: Ritual and Risk in Cybersecurity
  • Muddling Through Cybersecurity: Insights From the U.S. Healthcare Industry
  • Global Cybersecurity: New Directions in Theory and Methods
  • What Are the Most Common Cybersecurity Problems in Enterprises?
  • How Can Cybersecurity Policy Be Improved?
  • Why Is Cybersecurity Important in Today’s World?
  • Is Cybersecurity Part of Risk Management?
  • What Is the Relationship Between Cybersecurity and Risk Management?
  • How to Create an Effective Cybersecurity Policy?
  • Why Is Cybersecurity Important for Small Businesses?
  • Is Machine Learning Important in Cybersecurity?
  • What Are the Major Cybersecurity Risks?
  • Does Cybersecurity Affect Mental Health?
  • Why Is Risk Management Important in Cybersecurity?
  • How Does Cybersecurity Affect the World?
  • Does Cybersecurity Require Coding?
  • What Is Risk Assessment in Cybersecurity?
  • Why Is Cybersecurity Important for National Security?
  • How Hard Is It to Learn Cybersecurity?
  • What Computer Language Is Used for Cybersecurity?
  • Is Cybersecurity a Good Career in the Long Term?
  • Which Country Topped Global Cybersecurity?
  • Do Small Businesses Need Cybersecurity?
  • What Are the Common Types of Cybersecurity Attacks?
  • How Does Technology Affect Cybersecurity?
  • What Are the Three Cybersecurity Strategies?
  • Will Cybersecurity Ever Be Automated?
  • How Is Data Science Used in Cyber Security?
  • What Are the Current Computer and Cybersecurity Trends in the Near Future?
  • How Is Machine Learning Used in Cybersecurity?
  • What Will Cybersecurity Look Like 10 Years From Now?
  • Is Cybersecurity or Data Analytics Better?
  • Will Artificial Intelligence Replace Cybersecurity Jobs?
  • The Latest Trends in Cyber Attacks.
  • The Basics of Encryption and Its Role in Cybersecurity.
  • The Impact of Data Breaches on Businesses and Individuals.
  • Cybersecurity Best Practices for Remote Work.
  • Ethical Hacking: The Importance of Penetration Testing.
  • The Dark Web as the Hidden World of Cybercriminals.
  • Social Engineering: How Hackers Exploit Human Psychology.
  • Ways to Protect Patient Data in Healthcare Organizations.
  • The Role of Blockchain Technology in Improving Cybersecurity.
  • Cybersecurity Challenges Related to Artificial Intelligence.
  • Should the Government Have Access to Encrypted Communications?
  • Who Is Responsible for Cybersecurity: Government, Companies, or Individuals?
  • Should Companies Be Liable for Data Breaches Resulting from Negligence?
  • Is Biometric Authentication Secure Enough?
  • Should the Regulations on the Collection and Use of Personal Data Be Stricter?
  • Should Cybersecurity Training Be Mandatory for All Employees?
  • Is the “Zero Trust” Strategy in Cybersecurity Justified?
  • Should Governments Be Allowed to Engage in Cyber Espionage?
  • Should Companies Be Required to Disclose All Data Breaches?
  • Is There a Need for a Global Ban of Cyber Warfare?

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Schneier on Security

An argument that cybersecurity is basically okay.

Andrew Odlyzko’s new essay is worth reading—” Cybersecurity is not very important “:

Abstract: There is a rising tide of security breaches. There is an even faster rising tide of hysteria over the ostensible reason for these breaches, namely the deficient state of our information infrastructure. Yet the world is doing remarkably well overall, and has not suffered any of the oft-threatened giant digital catastrophes. This continuing general progress of society suggests that cyber security is not very important. Adaptations to cyberspace of techniques that worked to protect the traditional physical world have been the main means of mitigating the problems that occurred. This “chewing gum and baling wire”approach is likely to continue to be the basic method of handling problems that arise, and to provide adequate levels of security.

I am reminded of these two essays. And, as I said in the blog post about those two essays:

This is true, and is something I worry will change in a world of physically capable computers. Automation, autonomy, and physical agency will make computer security a matter of life and death, and not just a matter of data.

Tags: cybersecurity , Internet of Things

Posted on March 20, 2019 at 6:03 AM • 50 Comments

JohnnyS • March 20, 2019 6:45 AM

On April 14th, 1921, I’m certain that Captain Smith was quite happy that things were going splendidly on the maiden voyage of the Titanic. That seems to be the theme for this essay: “whistling past the graveyard.”

WE DON’T KNOW if there are foreign nation-states that have collected ample access to our industrial systems so they can cause massive disruption at their will: Such access would be hoarded until needed.
WE DON’T KNOW which of your home IOT devices are currently being used for botnets to spread spam and malware.
WE DON’T KNOW if our personal information is on a list that is being used by cyber criminals to commit identity theft and they simply haven’t got to us yet as they work down the list.
The fact of the matter is that the vulnerabilities caused by cyber security problems are real and so are the risks. The impact of such threats can be catastrophic.
Anyone remember the Soviet gas pipeline explosion in 1982? You think they have forgotten? You think they wouldn’t do the same thing to us in revenge if they get the chance?

Anyone know anyone who has suffered identity theft and knows the extreme misery of that awful crime?

Anyone know anybody who had to deal with ransomware? Where jobs and even lives depended on fixing the problem?

“Whistling past the graveyard” is irresponsible and foolish. Instead: “Ask not for whom the bell tolls: It tolls for thee!”

Phaete • March 20, 2019 7:26 AM

There is no reason not to assume that virtual security will grow to meet virtual access requirements in the same way that physical security has grown (and is still growing) to meet physical access requirements. The principles to apply are the same, the methods just differ. So just as physical access restriction, the virtual access restrictions will always be vulnerable to a certain degree.

For example: – chance and knowledge (zeroday – weak links etc). – humans (social engineering) – proportional investment time/money/effort. (the more they spend, the less your chances of successfully restricting are)

So we can really learn from physical access restriction principles, what is possible, and what is impossible (aka not economic plausible).

There will always be public outcries when there are large access restriction violations (both physical and virtual), just as there will always be humans who have to decide how much they want to spend to secure their access restrictions.

Roger Stone • March 20, 2019 7:44 AM

This “chewing gum and baling wire” approach is likely to […] provide adequate levels of security.

Author has just proven they don’t know what they’re talking about.

If “chewing gum and baling wire”(aka half-a**ing it all) is what you consider “adequate security” then just do everyone else a favor and stop talking now.

Jarrod Frates • March 20, 2019 8:15 AM

This is a reason to be vigilant, not paranoid. That it hasn’t happened much even between enemies in actual conflict suggests that it’s rare. That it hasn’t happened from terrorist groups suggests it’s not easy.

There are researchers that do, or who will in short order. It’s why there’s news of botnets taken offline from time to time. The nature of botnets, especially those sending traffic like that, is such that they’re impossible to completely hide. They show up in logs, someone investigates, and someone starts learning how it’s built.

Most people presume that it’s out there and just shrug and wait. While I don’t want to trivialize anyone’s difficulty in recovering, the industry has gotten better at detecting and handling it, and high-impact identity theft is a relatively uncommon occurrence.

Yes, they are. But they haven’t been. I think Bruce’s point is that we do have to acknowledge such risks and do better at addressing them. But not through panic and incredulity.

What’s the upside? Vengeance for something almost 40 years ago that even some who worked in Soviet intelligence or pipeline safety at the time claim was due to other reasons at the risk of starting a nuclear war? An explosion happened, but there’s little hard evidence tying it to the US. If it was the result of a CIA plot, it’s a story of a clever attack, but I think there’s too high a propensity in this industry to believe a fantastical claim without hard evidence because it sounds clever.

Something I’ve learned in 25 years in IT, 15 of them in infosec on both sides of the fence, is to be calm, methodical, and careful in measuring risk. There’s a risk that something will happen. That risk declines as the impact is considered. Impacts like what hit Maersk a couple of years ago are exceptionally rare, and even those like what Norsk Hydro is going through are uncommon. For all its catastrophic impact to those affected, a small business going through a disastrous attack does not affect the economy as a whole.

We do need to take the risk seriously and come up with better means of addressing it than “chewing gum and baling wire.” And we are slowly getting better at it. Windows 10 is leaps and bounds more secure out of the box than Windows 7, which was far superior to Windows XP. IOT represents a new challenge, as do autonomous vehicles and robots. The former is already the subject of intense general study, the latter is taken seriously in (most of) the auto industry at least. I’m more concerned about election security, but the chewing gum and baling wire approach there seems to, perversely, increase some aspects of security as actually changing votes would require access to hundreds of different election management systems, something that would almost certainly get caught.

Me • March 20, 2019 8:56 AM

Reminds me of one of my favorites:

https://xkcd.com/470/

GregW • March 20, 2019 8:58 AM

The author has many interesting points. I think one frustrating aspect of insecurity the author neglects to address is that computer security is a public good, whose externalities are born by the public, even when modest investments by parties with a corporate interest could substantially improve security. IOT insecurity is a good example of this. We aren’t asking for perfect security; how about avoiding gross incompetence in cases where the buyer doesnt/can’t know any better? See UL, fire codes, etc. Maybe we’ll only do this when people get killed repeatedly as more IT goes physical, but why not be proactive?

By the way… love this way of describing internet privacy from the essay:

Already today, the old mantra that “on the Internet, nobody knows you are a dog,” has in practice been turned on its head. Many organizations know not only that you are a dog, but also what breed of dog you are, and what kind of fleas you have.

JohnnyS • March 20, 2019 9:04 AM

@Jarrod Frates

I don’t disagree with you on the need to be “vigilant” rather than “paranoid”. If I came across as paranoid, that was certainly not my intent.

The rest of my post you seem to have misunderstood. Please read “The Black Swan” by Nassim Nicholas Taleb and that will help clear up the mystery. Cyber Security is very vulnerable to the “fat tail” problem, where the majority of consequences are made by the least statistically significant events. Assuming that previous performance is probative for future results is extremely dangerous.

GregW • March 20, 2019 9:09 AM

@Jarrod Re: Soviet gas pipeline… to claim it was an accident, not sabotage, does ignore that parties in the USG took credit for it and the pipeline was a major tactical USG focus as described in Peter Schweizer’s book “Victory”. No?

Cassandra • March 20, 2019 9:13 AM

@Jarrod Frates Most people presume that it’s out there and just shrug and wait. While I don’t want to trivialize anyone’s difficulty in recovering, the industry has gotten better at detecting and handling it, and high-impact identity theft is a relatively uncommon occurrence.

You raise a very interesting, and to my mind, neglected point, which is recovery processes after a security incident.

While a great deal of effort is put into avoiding security incidents in the first place, to greater or lesser extent,I don’t see much effort in producing reliable and trustworthy remediation processes. If, as many people believe, it is a matter of when and not if a security breach will occur, then being able to recover from it as quickly and completely as possible, at the lowest possible cost, would seem to be a fruitful area to look at. The standard response to identity theft is credit-score monitoring. The standard response to ransomware attacks is to restore from the most recent known good backup (if it exists) and so on.

Bruce works in an organisation whose product is managing what to do after an information security incident, and would no doubt point out that ‘an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure’, but we also need to work out how to produce better, slicker, cheaper cures, accessible to those affected.

Bob • March 20, 2019 9:14 AM

We can actually be reasonably certain that this is indeed the case.

JohnnyS • March 20, 2019 9:34 AM

That being said, I can prove that (at least for me), my information IS on a list somewhere in the hands of cyber criminals of people to be attacked because I have been approached multiple times by cyber grifters trying to con me.

Fortunately ~20 years in ITSec experience has helped me to understand the risks and keep myself safe. So far…

GregW • March 20, 2019 9:38 AM

Andrew’s analysis, however brilliant, if/when misused to lower expectations will lead to just as much foolishness as the “IT doesn’t matter” essay by Nicholas Carr in early 2003. That was counterintuitive but seemingly brilliant and thought provoking at the time … but was ultimately foolish.

(Summary:Everyone has IT, its not a competitive advantage. Led to tech outsourcing/offshoring/costcutting by mainstream companies who then found themselves lacking bench strength and years if inhouse knowledge and skill for combating/harnessing new tech when combating Amazon, etc. Sample 2006 analysis of the essay: https://www.information-age.com/on-the-death-of-it-strategy-294881/ )

Petre Peter • March 20, 2019 10:18 AM

The cost of adopting new technologies will increase if these new systems affect us physically and cause property damage. Even when these systems become smart and easier to use.

1&1~=Umm • March 20, 2019 10:21 AM

The problem with saying ‘OK it’s happening but things are still working’ is that it assumes only short term effects with publicity are of importance.

It’s a typical business managment attitude which cuts maintainence stuff an says ‘look no disastets’ to cut and run or blaim other people a few quaters or years later when the ‘entropy rot’ has got beyond what the further reduced maintainence staff can handle even without a minor emergancy.

Some know Peter Gutmann lives in New Zeland and is a bit of a security expert. He also lived through the privatisation disasters that befell the main supplier of electricity to a major NZ city, and wrote about it. It’s worth the read if he still has it up on his personal Internet presence.

David Rudling • March 20, 2019 10:35 AM

I will take one quote from near the end of the conclusions in the paper:-

“This essay does not claim that a “digital Pearl Harbor” will not take place.”

and one quote from Bruce’s comments above:-

“Automation, autonomy, and physical agency will make computer security a matter of life and death, and not just a matter of data.”

and add one of my own:-

Pearl Harbor led to Hiroshima and Nagasaki in retaliation.

Matt • March 20, 2019 10:43 AM

“Nothing really bad has happened yet, so therefore we don’t need to work any harder than we currently are, even though the landscape is constantly changing and new technologies that are poorly-understood are constantly being introduced.”

If the above sentence sounds reasonable to you, please depart the gene pool as quickly as possible.

Impossibly Stupid • March 20, 2019 10:46 AM

Honestly, the bulk of the author’s paper seems to contradict the trollish title he uses. I don’t know if that’s intentional, or simply a case of him having all the right data, but still reaching the wrong conclusion.

The author is hampered by the same flawed logic that anti-vaxxers use when they convince themselves that things like disease parties “provide adequate levels” of protection against preventable illnesses. Just because we have not yet suffered a catastrophe doesn’t mean we’re doing an OK job.

A proper scientific approach would be to gather data and make predictions. And there’s plenty of data out there that demonstrates that systems are becoming increasingly fragile. Even on my own little corner of the Internet I have a firewall that grows every day because of attacks that come in from insecure networks that are run by organizations that aren’t truly interested in stopping the ongoing abuse. Just in the time it took to write this post I had two new attacks come in from India (IN) and Georgia (GE).

Cybersecurity is basically awful . It’s essentially a festering pile of countless diseases. Don’t make the mistake of thinking things are fine just because you’re not getting hit by the deadliest one of the bunch. Don’t wait until you become a statistic to learn about statistics.

Jordan • March 20, 2019 11:21 AM

@JohnnyS: do you have any references for that 1982 pipeline explosion that don’t lead directly back to Reed’s book “At the Abyss”?

There’s a couple of explicit denials that such an explosion occurred (or was even possible), and I don’t find anything that didn’t get its material directly from Reed.

1&1~=Umm • March 20, 2019 11:54 AM

@Jarrod Frates:

“That it hasn’t happened much even between enemies in actual conflict suggests that it’s rare. That it hasn’t happened from terrorist groups suggests it’s not easy.”

Actually it has happened between enemies or more correctly a Super Power and a Nation that was trying to break free of it. The offending parties who attacked the power infrastructure have been ‘attributed’ to Russia. Oh and you might want to talk to the Venezuelan’s for their current state of affairs, they have their finger firmly pointed to another Super Power.

So yes it’s definitely happening of that we can be sure.

The fact it is not common is that it is new and the antagonists are effectively testing as they go, have a look at tanks in WWI as an example. When those currently testing are happy that not only can they deploy it effectively but also defend their own side effectively then it will become just another weapon in the ‘destroy the civilians’ wars we now appear to want to fight.

The fact that it is apparently only Super Powers playing this stupid game currently should actually serve as a warning. You can be sure that since the problems in Estonia a lot of European nation states have been looking into it in quite some detail. Thus the ‘trickle down effect’ has already started, and it won’t be long before all first world nations and most if not all second world nations with technical ability or the resources to ‘buy it in’ will likewise happen, then quickly work down to social misfit children siting in their patents back bedroom.

But I would not be to quick to judge how easy or hard it is based on Terrorists not having done so (technically they have the US have attributed cyber attacks to terrorists working for Iran over attacks on Saudi).

The main point is Terrorists don’t usually go for high tech attacks, because they lack the TV presence of bombs and bullets and corpse strewn streets billowing black clouds of bomb blasts etc that cause ‘shock horror and awe’ in civilians with less energetic imaginations.

Let’s face it if the power goes to his beer cooler Joe Sixpack is not going to blaim terrorists but those ‘cock-a-mamy’ corporates who steal his money every month with their extortionate bills. And if and when the TV comes back and the Fox News presenter blabs on about terrorists, Joe will almost certainly say that the terrorism is made up by those corporates to avoid paying him compensation for having to drink warm beer.

Terrorists might apear dumb to the average person, but those who fund, supply and control them are not stupid by any means. They know what does and does not get publicity and cutting the power etc so people don’t hear their message would be self defeating for them. Trust me they want all the glamour of a Hollywood block buster not Joe sixpack whinging about warm beer.

Steve • March 20, 2019 12:00 PM

Yet another instance of the normalization of deviance. It will work right up until it doesn’t.

1&1~=Umm • March 20, 2019 12:09 PM

“Ask not for whom the bell tolls: It tolls for thee!”

Is not the actual quote from the last line of the last verse of the John Donne ‘No man is an island’ poem. It’s,

“‘Send not to find, for whom the bell tolls, it tolls for thee.'”

It’s funny but the first line of that verse was quoted on this blog a short while ago,

“‘If a clod be washed away by the sea, Europe is the less'”

1&1~=Umm • March 20, 2019 12:21 PM

“So we can really learn from physical access restriction principles, what is possible, and what is impossible (aka not economic plausible).”

That argument does not realy hold water accept with “low hanging fruit” Cyber-Criminals.

Have a think about the costs involved with Stuxnet, which at the end of the day was a failure for the US Government because it did not damage their intended primary target North Korea, it just inflicted some limited damage on the secondary Israeli target and gateway to North Korea ‘Iran’.

Worse still for the US the North Koreans not only knew it was them they flipped it on the US by calling in UN inspectors to show them halls of happily spining centrifuges. The resulting publicity was seen as an ‘own goal’ by many in the IC, some of whom eventually went to the media about it.

Thursday • March 20, 2019 12:28 PM

After reading Odlyzko’s essay I am reminded not to judge an essay by the title, however the title is loosely why we are all here. An appropriate response might therefore be called, ‘This Essay is not very important’!

No doubt, many readers will not read the essay in its entirely and are bound to miss important meaning, which does in-fact exist. The paper is not without inaccuracies and seems to lack insight into threats we face in the cyber-physical world we are now growing. I would expect better from a prominent mathematician, but perhaps not from one inexperienced in applied security or more aptly risk management generally.

It is clear to me that this thesis is intended as a contrarian response to the seemingly endless barrage of paranoia, theatre, and useless banter that emanates from certain corners of ‘cybersecurity’ and for that I am grateful. The author’s summation to the masses could easily have been simply… Put down the sharp pointy things! Relax! Everything will be OK! Perhaps shortsighted yet a vital call to balance our lives within the threatening world we face persistently.

The majority of value in Odlyzko’s essay is benefitted by the economics of security and the balance between cost, impact, and likelihood of various events, although these concepts are not particularly well-developed in my opinion.

Further, it is not clear to me who Odlyzko intends to reach with his messaging. Paranoid students? professors in his field? the media? incompetent security professionals? If intended toward the latter, one would be wise to feel perplexed by the method of delivery within a medium intended for highly scrutinizing academics. I await the PC World article I suppose?

Was it necessary or ‘very important’ for Odlyzko to throw security to the dogs and then state the obvious assertions of any human charged with managing risk? My indirect takeways ultimately are:

  • ‘Cybersecurity is not very important’ unless outweighed by the impact and likelihood of some threat. This is obvious!
  • Cybersecurity becomes less important as cost rises in relation to risk. Surely it does!
  • Cybersecurity should be a balance of prevention, detection, and response investments to risk levels. Yes!

These ingredients, perhaps part of a balanced security program are what everyone (at least competent ones) attempts to do regardless of the type of threat. E.g. Most of us use seatbelts when we enter an automobile either because we see the fine imposed by law and the likelihood of such law to be enforced to outweigh the inconvenience of putting the belt on -or- we recognize the action as a reasonable preventive to death or serious injury in the unlikely occurrence of a crash. Most of us would agree that if one’s preventive action is instead to never enter an automobile this would be an unreasonable security measure!

Individuals, corporations, militaries all weigh the costs and benefits of security, make tradeoffs, and accept a varying amount of risk. That is an obvious condition of life and it is no different with cybersecurity.

When it comes to threat prevention, detection, and response (I.e. security) it is becoming increasingly unreasonable to separate the cyber and physical worlds as they once were. In my opinion, this paper does not appropriately address such a reality.

C U Anon • March 20, 2019 12:32 PM

Todays XKCD with trends gave me three good laughs,

https://xkcd.com/2126/

One of which was the Bigfoot / Mike Pence one.

1&1~=Umm • March 20, 2019 12:36 PM

“‘Already today, the old mantra that “on the Internet, nobody knows you are a dog,” has in practice been turned on its head. Many organizations know not only that you are a dog, but also what breed of dog you are, and what kind of fleas you have.'”

Something tells me that, what you quote might well have been borrowed from this blog.

Faustus • March 20, 2019 12:56 PM

I have brought up this issue before: If cyber security is so bad why are there so few impacts on most people’s lives?

Social psychology demonstrates that we are very inconsistent evaluators of risk, ignoring the large impact of common things like auto accidents while focusing on rare spectacular events like terrorist attacks.

A few posts back people were largely defending the same sort of practice (overriding certificate security specs because they “know” better) that lead to a lot of vulnerabilities ( “Surely ECB mode is sufficient here. I don’t want to deal with an IV!!”).

Now we are a bunch of security sticklers?

The neatest thing about working with my AI is the otherness of its thought. Humans think of themselves as perfect computers and we lose track of how our genetic presumptions are baked into our thinking. AIs think more clearly without this baggage. I am looking forward to their contributions.

On something like computer security, with Black Swan concerns that defy abstraction and statistics, we are awash in our apex predator risk heuristics.

Foresight is difficult in this space, but undoubtedly hindsight will be 20-20.

Alejandro • March 20, 2019 1:13 PM

We may long for the day when the only injury one could receive from a computer was carpal tunnel syndrome. Also, we might long back at the days when some security could be had simply by hitting the shutdown button.

I know it seems reactionary, but for security and privacy reasons I lean towards smallish distributed networks and bi-directional geo-fencing (OK call it tribalization of the internet if you want).

From time to time there has been talk of re-inventing the WWW from scratch, with security and privacy measures baked in. For some reason nothing seems to happen from it, though.

Only the most naive Pollyannas would think cyber-security is “basically Okay”. 24-7 cyber surveillance alone is a travesty. Don’t get me started on the rest.

I personally would pay a significant fee for a truly more secure and private internet experience. Unfortunately, most people want something for nothing. Or worse yet, don’t care about what’s happening because it’s not in their face every day.

parabarbarian • March 20, 2019 1:25 PM

Most problems we have with computer systems are from programming bugs and operator behavior (PEBCAK).

Jesse Thompson • March 20, 2019 2:27 PM

sighs For anyone who thinks that “everything is OK”, one only needs to recognize the discrepancy between everyone’s motivations and the reality one perceives as an opportunity to arbitrage. Put your money where your mouth is.

How? Sell cyber-insurance.

If you think that nobody understands how to transform money into digital piece of mind, then simply take their money in exchange for the promise to recoup them of their losses if/when shit breaks as a direct result of lapse in security, such as an attack or a virus.

Then use their money to buy all the gum and bailing wire you think you’ll need to never have to pay out.

Walk away with the profits and thumb your nose at everyone who thinks that security is a Hard Problem.

Or if anyone is claiming that “everything is ok” and they are NOT already profiting directly from it, then they’re just too chicken to follow their own advice and thus should be summarily ignored.

Faustus • March 20, 2019 2:40 PM

As citizens of our time and place we are confronted by a lot of apocalyptic possibilities.

  • Global warming
  • Nuclear war
  • Extreme wealth inequality leading to mass starvation
  • AI driven unemployment leading to mass starvation
  • Massive cyber attack against infrastructure
  • GMO disaster
  • Disaster from Vaccines / Lack of Vaccination
  • Mad Cow disease and variants
  • Overpopulation
  • Global/national debt/insolvency
  • Asteroid strike
  • AI rebellion
  • Block hole created by particle accelerator
  • Authoritarianism …

Why do we credit some and deny others? Is it really a matter of judicious thought? Looking at my own reactions, I think they are largely based on a gut assessment of each possibility, rather than something that is accessible to argument.

Can anybody in the forum think of an example of when reasoned argument reversed their strongly held political opinion?

For me, my opinions may sometimes change, but it seems more like a slow drift rather being convinced by an explicit argument.

Rationality seems to be a thin facade over the actual process that drives our opinions.

Faustus • March 20, 2019 2:57 PM

Don’t you realize that people are already doing a version of what you suggest? A bunch of cyber security experts are screaming that the sky is falling and many companies and individuals, aware of the results for other companies and individuals, still choose to make a fairly limited response. They ARE exactly putting their money where their mouth is.

Nobody is claiming the chance of cyber attacks is 0, therefore nobody has to expose themselves to an unlimited risk, as you suggest, to be consistent. Nor do they have to forgo all security. What they are saying is they don’t find the security argument compelling enough to make absolute security the overriding concern above all other issues, and they are, in fact, self insuring their risk along the lines you suggest.

Your version of the schoolyard “You have a different opinion than me. How dare you! If you insist on thinking differently than me than you have to allow me to kill (enter something sacred to the person who dares to have a different opinion than you) if you are wrong or you don’t get to have an opinion!” makes me sigh as well.

Sed Contra • March 20, 2019 6:32 PM

I can’t escape the feeling the article is a species of sour grapes, arising from the apparent absence of an elegent mathematical solution. Is there hope, can the heartbreak, in which I too am immersed, be ended, via SAT and SMT methods?

1&1~=Umm • March 20, 2019 6:53 PM

@Alejandro:

“From time to time there has been talk of re-inventing the WWW from scratch, with security and privacy measures baked in. For some reason nothing seems to happen from it, though.”

They tried with IPv6 but to many fingers in the pie including the security services made the ‘Sec’ standards effectively unworkable then for two reasons. (1) to much like a labyrinth for the ordinary people to get working (2) it needed higher end resources than most ordinary people had.

Whilst the resource issue is not as bad as it was, those ‘how do I go from here to there’ questions still have answers that two joke punch lines cover,

A) If I was you I’d not start from here. B) Only if it’s a wet Sunday afternoon in Merthyr Tydfil*.

  • Merthyr Tydfil is a town of around 2^16 people in Wales for many years it was considered the dullest and wettest place in the UK. With the only thing to do was sit in one of the very many pubs and ‘drink to forget’. For one reason or another for a very long time the pubs were not open on sunday afternoons, thus rendering any pleasure, one you had to enjoy in the privacy of your own home otherwise net curtains would twitch. Of course if wet the children would not be making a nuisance of themselve in the street playing, nope, they’d have to ‘come in’ to their home which was often a very cramped half terrace with no space or privacy. Thus destroying any peace and quiet the adults might have enjoyed sitting there listening to the tic-toc of the clock over the fire place and having the occasional quick poke with the fire irons to keep the coal burning. Oddly perhaps it had one of the highest birth rates… I’m told that many countries have places like Merthyr Tydfil in their old coal or iron belts, where mercifully some now have tumble weed blowing through that you can watch as entertainment. They say ‘The devil makes work for idle hands’ but even he’s got real problems in Merthyr Tydfil. Rumour has it that “Male Voice Choirs” are popular, from a very early age there are mothers pushing their sons and even their husbands in… It must still be popular because the number of ads on a quick google show quite a few booking agencies. But there may also be a glut, as quite a few like ‘ACE Musical’ are not taking fees or booking charges (or so they claim)…

Sharkie • March 20, 2019 7:08 PM

Right. Ask SF Muni, Target, Maersk, FedEx, City of Atlanta, OPM, Equifax, SingHealth about their sentiment on this statement.

gordo • March 20, 2019 10:45 PM

Had The Shadow Brokers not tipped off the authorities , we’d no doubt have experienced much worse, that is, something of the magnitude of “the oft-threatened giant digital catastrophes.”

Winter • March 21, 2019 5:15 AM

@anura ” …..

Basically, how much humans see things as a threat is relative to how much it deviates from the status quo, the innate scariness, and whether it is in the interest of current elites to do something.”

It is very rare that I come across a long comment on an internet forum that talks sense. Yours was one of those.

Any of the threats in the list can be handled by reasonable people in a straightforward way. Unreasonable people do not need a threat to destroy themselves and everybody around them. They can do that all by themselves (examples abound).

Indeed, humanity has sit through many disasters. With few exceptions, it was our own unwillingness and ineptness to change our ways and to adapt that made the disasters so bad.

Winter • March 21, 2019 10:22 AM

@Faustus “My assessment of all these problems is that we know too little about any of them to make confident predictions. ”

We know how to solve each of them. That these solutions are not discussed in (some) media is not the problem. That there are people who do not like the solutions is a political problem that lies outside of the problem space you defined.

Anyone who has even a passing interest can fill a library on each of these problems. See, e.g., inequality. This has been discussed and researched since at least Karl Marx. Read Pickety for a recent account.

It helps when you search scholarly sources.

Anura • March 21, 2019 11:56 AM

Pretty much all of my areas of study are either programming, futurism, economics, or political systems, and I’ve spent the last eight years or so trying to understand why capitalism has failed to eliminate poverty, reduce working hours, or be proactive in any area of looming disaster. So if I seem especially confident, it’s just because all of these problems are related to my studies.

We know for a fact that we have the ability to take care of everyone’s basic needs in the world, but we don’t even come close, and we should be able to be much more productive if everyone was healty, given a good education and good opportunities, but we fail to do so. So the question is why? The answer must necessarily be that the people who have the power to change things have no interest in changing things. Why is it that they don’t want a healthy, well-educated world where everyone has the opportunity for any career? Because that would change the markets, and the profits depend on everything staying the same.

What I’ve learned is that our economic system is a house or cards, marked by dependencies of cash flows; workers depend on their job, jobs depend on consumption, consumption depends on income, income depends on jobs, jobs depend on the ability of the company to maintain profitability, and the profitability depends on the status quo; if cash stops flowing to a major dependency within the economy, then everything that depends on it collapses, and the entire economy collapses (this is called a recession). Either you have to make gradual changes that generally maintain the economy, or you have to make major changes that mean entire businesses start collapsing. The more centralized the economy, the more each part of the economy is interdependent and the more difficult it is to solve problems while keeping the rich rich.

The main thing to understand about overconsumption is that our consumption is irrational. Americans have poor physical and mental health, and that is because we focus on maximizing consumption instead of health. Happiness is basically a matter of health + positive experience, the latter costs virtually nothing. We fail to provide either, because the rich can only be rich if we continue to increase consumption, and people won’t do extra work to increase consumption if they are happy and healthy. We have the capacity, today, to live in a post-scarcity society – where no one can gain happiness from less work or greater consumption – but we must continue to manufacture more and more needs or the entire economy will collapse (e.g. women literally need to maintain feminine beauty standards or they get shamed by society for their appearance, so consumption personal time and beauty products becomes a need and we can always make more expensive standards).

JohnnyS • March 21, 2019 3:10 PM

Almost all such reports link back to the book. There are a few cute “hints” from people who clearly don’t want to really confirm the story, but that’s about all I can find.

So should this pipeline explosion claim be taken as factual truth? Probably not.

On the other hand, truth is often stranger than fiction and it makes more sense to “honor the threat” than to assume it doesn’t exist. Besides, we know Stuxnet is real, so we have other examples of vicious nation-state cyber attacks.

Chris • March 21, 2019 5:02 PM

This is a very valid and important contribution to the cybersecurity debate. It is always good to balance one’s views with an opposing one. It just helps putting things in perspective.

However, one question that needs to be asked is what the nature of cybersecurity really is in the long run. Is it similar to what we have experienced in the realm of physical security in the past or does it maybe have more in common with the situation we find ourselves in in relation to climate change?

The problem with climate change is that while a bunch of climate scientists have warned us for decades, the general public largely ignored it for most of the time since. Its effects were still theoretical and it was easy to close our eyes to the problem.

Even now, willingness to accept the gravity of the situation is developing quite slowly putting us in the tricky situation that once we change the forcings that our climate is exposed to, it will take about a generation for these measures to show any effect.

Of course, we may find that climate change does not make our planet uninhabitable. We might find that we can live with whatever situation we will get ourselves in. But, we might also find that we cannot live with the situation we have created for ourselves when we can no longer change it.

I would argue that the same applies to the future of cybersecurity. It might not be as big a deal as the technologists make it seem. But, then again, it may be…

Firefighter • March 22, 2019 8:26 AM

Claiming “we don’t need security because nothing happened” is like “let’s get rid of fire brigades because our cities did not burn to the ground in recent 20 years”.

Faustus • March 22, 2019 10:21 AM

I agree with much of what you say, especially that we have to be careful not to break the status quo while people are dependent on it to eat.

Looking world wide people are living longer, earning more, being better educated and being better employed. So I will assume your focus is on the U.S.

I will grant that improvement or not, some people do better than others. Hasn’t that always been the case? Why be shocked that we do as we always have done? This isn’t a scam invented by anyone alive. This is how humans have always structured themselves, maybe with rare premodern exceptions.

I think Americans are more affluent than ever, rich in technology, consumer goods and information (whatever little good the last does!). I agree with your observation that consumerism is not very satisfying, so what’s the problem if a few people have extra toys? Big billionaires tend to start companies and make donations and other socially useful things. Nobody is making us consume beyond our innate social competition and jealousy, which will follow us in any economic system.

I agree that humans are irrational, but blaming this on the rich is no more rational. We make dumb decisions and bear the costs of our decisions. I’d rather choose better than find a scapegoat

I have noticed a surplus of employment for decades: companies have much more management than they need. Automation is making employing humans even less necessary. Luckily, as you point out, they are still needed as consumers in our current model.

Can we think of a new model for our post employment future that doesn’t rely on scapegoating or other measures ultimately aiming at pushing a portion of us into the ever rising sea?

bob12 • March 22, 2019 11:23 AM

Reminds me of an article I saw published around Jan, 2001 entitled “Airport Security: Basically OK.”

quanticle • March 22, 2019 1:56 PM

I find it interesting that this paper is posted immediately after the story on the Triton malware which targets industrial safety systems. As the author of the Triton article points out, this time we got away without causing significant damage or loss of life, but every time we see one of these threats, there is a probability of a catastrophe occurring, either by malicious attack or by the negligence or incompetence of the hackers launching an attack for other reasons.

From reading the paper, it appears as if Odlyzko is fundamentally okay with a world in which there’s a “background level” of industrial and financial disasters caused by cyberattack. I’m not! Moreover, like others in this thread have stated, it’s far too early for us to say that cybersecurity is a manageable problem. We haven’t yet seen the worst-case scenario.

Faustus • March 22, 2019 5:40 PM

@ quanticle

I think looking at cyber risk as a “background level” is a great metaphor for risk in our world. People live with a background level of risk: risk of natural disaster, occupational risk, risk of eating barbecued meat, risk of smoking, risk of drinking, whatever. We generally accept a certain background level of risk, maybe even seek it out.

I think that the reason we haven’t had large scale attacks is that nobody wants to receive the large scale response that that would generate. Deterrence, just like with nukes.

How bad would the worst case cyber scenario be? As bad as an atomic bomb?

Anon • March 25, 2019 10:27 AM

Sorry but the author doesn’t seem to really understand the threat landscape today. Targeted identity theft IS prevalent, and it hits small to midsize businesses all of the time. I personally have investigated cases involving upwards of 4 million dollars being stolen, which would easily end most businesses outright.

The impact is real. The threat is there. If you are one of the very few people working in consulting that actually investigates or mitigates the threats, you know it’s happening constantly. Most businesses don’t publish that they’ve been breached, and don’t disclose how much it impacted them, because that would hurt them as well.

Guest • March 26, 2019 9:08 PM

My initial reaction to the article is “This author doesn’t really understand the limits of metaphor.”

There’s a self-help book entitled “Everything I Know I Learned From Baseball”, and you can find other sources of timeless wisdom for just about anything else (e.g. Star Wars) – people who may have substituted common sense for baseball knowledge, but it came to them in the form of what they knew best, so they assumed that no knowledge except baseball knowledge was truly necessary. Andrew Odlyzko seems to have put such knowledge on a pedastal: people who came up with solutions for cybersecurity problems have drawn parallels to physical security solutions, and attributed their success to this metaphor, therefore every problem that ever arises in cybersecurity will have a corresponding problem in physical security, and a solution can be determined likewise. He denies the existence or the relevance of domain expertise. Think of all the professors who never studied climate science but fancy themselves more insightful than trained experts; think of all the federal agents trained in physical security who don’t need to know cryptography to see that the “going dark” problem can be solved by just making the geeks “geek harder”. It’s one thing to forgo “common sense” based on overconfidence in your own field. It’s quite another to accept others’ metaphors as “good enough” that ignorance (of reality not fitting those metaphors) will suffice as an indefinite solution.

More accurately, they are putting my life where their mouth is.

When you describe this as them “self insuring their risk”, you deflect from the people whose lives they are endangering to the monetary loss they stand to suffer if punished for taking risks with their customers’ lives . It’s easy for them to take that risk, when they aren’t the ones who stand to lose the most from it.

1&1~=Umm • March 27, 2019 7:40 AM

@Guest @ALL:

“… therefore every problem that ever arises in cybersecurity will have a corresponding problem in physical security, and a solution can be determined likewise.”

Yes a lot of people believe that and that’s why many things can and do go wrong.

As has been mentioned on this blog a couple or three times in the past, ‘physical security’ is a proper subset of cyber or more correctly ‘information security’.

The implication of this is that ‘All physical security problems have a corresponding information security problem’, but and it’s an important but ‘Not all information security problems have a corresponding physical security problem’.

Which is why some of the slightly more adept criminals have found the move to cyber space quite rewarding and less risky. Because the can commit 1, multiple crimes they know work 2, at the same time 3, at multiple locations from 4, across jurisdictional boundries 5, without leaving unique physical trace evidence.

So the first three points make what are ‘little crimes’ profitable whilst the last two make the risk comparatively small for the over all reward.

For the Law Enforcment Authorities, ‘little crimes’ are too expensive to investigate individually, especially when you don’t have expertise in house, which even now some thirty years later investigators are by and large not receiving training on. In effect when such crimes do become not so little and they can not be ignored, they might be passed over to a small group of specialist very over worked in house investigators or very expensively out sourced. In either case with much of the evidence inadvertantly lost or damaged by those investigating before them getting an actuall prosecution is quite unlikely.

One trick investigators did try was to ‘push crimes over the bar’ that is to artificialy inflate the value of the crime over some internal value limit so it did get investigated, and one of the reasons you see crazy crazy costs involved not just with the investigation but also ‘making good’ after the event.

However this got out of hand in quite a few places and did not hide the fact such crimes are very difficult to investigate and prosecute and there are insufficient people with the required skills. Which with the resulting large numbers of information crimes part of the politicaly driven reasons why they don’t make many cyber crimes ‘reportable’ so they don’t appear in their ‘crime statistics’.

Further when you look at the very small number of cases that do make it to the prospect of prosecution, it’s because of the old traditional ‘being in possession’ or ‘failing to launder the proceeds’ or getting ‘put in the picture’ by informants or other interested parties.

That is the asspects of information crime that do map back into physical crime, and those investigative techniques that work in everyday physical crimes.

Thus the investigatory and prosecution methods used incorrectly reinforce the view that information and physical crimes are equivalent.

They are not which is why information crimes that do not produce physical world results just don’t get investigated, in part because nearly all criminal legislation requires a loss in physical world terms be it actual damage or financial.

The important point is ‘loss’ the implication is a physical object has been taken away or damaged, thus had actual value to replace or repair. Over time this got expanded to harm to individuals again by ‘loss’ that is what the harm to the individual did and what it would cost to rectify.

The problem is if you don’t take something but copy it how do you demonstrate loss. Well Queen Elisabeth the First of England has been credited with solving that issue. By starting the idea of a formal process of protecting what we now call ‘Intellectual Property’ or IP. Henry the IV issued what may have been the first ‘letter of monopoly’ to a person. But such letters were later granted more by whim than by credit. Elizabeth made the process more formal and carried out by examiners on her behalf such that she in effect only gave consent. But importantly ir introduced a more reliable way by which an inventor could protect their ideas that effected the physical world and thus possibly profit by them.

Most who read here are aware that the process was adopted over time in many other places, but that whilst the original pattent systems only covered inventions that covered the physical world others made them more encompassing thus the issues over ‘software patents’.

Other legislation thus has not caught up to the idea of the loss that can be incurred by ‘copying’.

But we need to consider carefully any such legislation patents were designed to grant a monopoly on methods of production to protect an individual. They were not ment to be used as methods of war and deterant, and producing illegal constraint on commerce which they have become in more recent times.

It would be easily possible to ‘invent crime’ where no real crime actually exists. We have actually seen this start to happen with very definite pushes for ‘prosecutorial overreach’ to try and make case law, which benifit the prosecutor and rent seekers but irreparably damage the common good.

What will happen with crimes that involve only information objects or effects on such is yet to be seen and I suspect will take a century or more to get sorted out.

Piotr • March 29, 2019 10:26 AM

Hi, I think the Boeing case has a breakthrough potential for elevating to the mass public the meaning and what “physically capable computers” can do….

GregW • April 4, 2020 6:51 AM

For the record, a correction to my earlier remarks prompted when doublechecking sources on a more recent thread… Schweizer’s 1996 book that I referenced above includes tales of sabotage, even “problems with pipelines and turbines breaking down, fires in control facilities”, but not an explosion per se.

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Cyber Security Essay Examples

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