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Contoh Karangan Bahasa Inggeris SPM/ English Essays (Form 4, 5) Form 4, 5

Contoh Karangan Bahasa Inggeris SPM (English Essays/ Writing) MUET/ SPM. Tingkatan 4, 5, 6. Form 4, 5, 6. Sekolah Menengah. Secondary School. (52) (2/2)

Soalan Bahasa Inggeris SPM Kertas 2 + Jawapan . SPM English Paper 2 (Questions + Answers).

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My idol (Email)  

The rising food prices in the country (Guided Writing)

My School Library (Article)  

An interesting song (Review)  

My hands were as cold as ice as I… (Story)

Let’s go for a mountain hike (Email)

Leadership course (Email)

Ways to improve English (Email)

The best theme park for a family day (Guided Writing)

Online learning (Guided Writing)

Birthday present (Email)  

The importance of the internet to students (Guilded Writing)  

My Ideal Classroom (Article)  

Review about a fascinating place which you had visited

Review of a Film

The planning of a health campaign (Guilded Writing)

How does playing computer games affect teenagers (Guilded Writing)

How your school can do to help keep the environment clean (Report)

What you would spend youe money on (Guilded Writing)

The challenging activities that you would like to do (Guilded Writing)

My snatch theft experience (Email)  

Healthy lifestyle (Guided Writing)

Rules Breaker (Report)  

My School (Review)  

I would never have imagined that… (Story)

Movie Review Essay (Lion King) (2)

The reasons for students’ lack of interest in sports (Guilded Writing)

A Safe Neighbourhood (Guilded Writing)

Be Responsible (Story)

Ten Years after the Covid-19 Pandemic (Story)

Getting Through a Difficult Time (Story)

Birthday Present (Email)

A Picnic With Our Friends (Email)

A Book Review (1)

Class Excursion (Story)

Suitable course for you (Email)  

The best educational place for a class trip (Guilded Writing)

Review of a Smartphone (1)

Island trip (Email)

Pointers to keep clean, hygienic and safe (Email)

The content of the talk given by our school counsellor (Email)

Where to shop (Email)

Extension on Deadline for Assignment (Email)

The advantage and disadvantages of mobile phones (Guided Writing)

Causes contributing to animal extinction (Guided Writing)

The benefits of online shopping (Guided Writing)

The best place to go during the holiday (Guided Writing)

How to practice 3R (Recycle, Reuse and Reduce) in our daily lives (Guided Writing)

My Ideal School Prefects’ Room (Article)  

Review on an interesting book (4)

A Memorable Day (Story)

Review of a Resort

Quality time with your brother (Email)

How you perceive friendship (Guilded Writing)

Write an essay on whether you agree that students should be involved in cleaning up school regularly (Guilded Writing)

Review on a smartphone (2)

My Ideal School Library (Article)

Sports Is for Everyone (Guided Writing)

A Book Review (3)

Do Not Fear Failure But Rather Fear Not Trying (Story)

An Unforgettable Trip (Story)

Holiday plans (Email)

Birthday present (Email)

A Movie Review (1)

My First Experience (Story)

Weekend’s Plan (Email)

Holiday trip (Email)

Review of a restaurant

A Book Review (2)

Report on a Visit to an Orphanage

Report on a Trip to a Beach for a Picnic

The Mysterious Old Lady (Story)

Teachers’ Day (Story)

The Day I Lost My Phone (Story)

Kindness (Story)

The Terrible Truth (Story)

A Dishonest Boy (Story)

A Dream Comes True (Story)

An Unforgettable Moment in My Life (Story)

Famous Tourist Attraction in Malaysia (Article)

Leisure Activities (Article)

Keeping Our Homes Safe (Article)

What A Farm Can Teach A Child (Article)

Cyberbullying: What Is It and How to Stop It (Article)

A birthday present for your grandfather (Guided Writing)

Youth Leadership Camp (Extended Writing – Article)

My Ideal Career (Extended Writing – Article)

Review of a shopping mall

Review of your favourite food

Outdoor activity you would like to do (Guided Writing)  

The ways to deal with mental health issues during the pandemic (Guilded Writing)  

Weekend Plan (Email)

Quarantine – English Project (Email)

English Camp (Report)

Complaints about the canteen (Report)

A Quarrel in the School Library (Report)

Report on the Findings of a Survey (Report)

International Students Visit (Report)

Review on a good book (5)

Review on a nice cafés in your state you have visited lately

Review on a writing app that helps you write more and write better lately

Review on a movie that you have watched recently (3)

Review on your favourite game

Teenagers vs Crime (Article)

Review about a hotel

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SPM English Speaking Test (Ujian Bertutur Bahasa Inggeris) :

• SPM English Speaking Test SPM: Contoh Soalan, Jawapan, Ramalan, Isi-isi Penting, Tips, Panduan (Ada Isi-isi Karangan Bahasa Inggeris yang Ringkas)

Modul Soalan Bahasa Inggeris SPM + Jawapan (Kertas 2/ Paper 2) (SK2) (Srw) [1] 

Paper 2 : Writing

A Book Review

Modul Bahasa Inggeris Paper 2 Writing  (Kertas 2/ Paper 2)  (KC) (Srw) [3]

English spm paper 2 : writing.

(Fmk) (Prk) [1]

Part 1 : Short Communicative Message

Answers : Short Communicative Message

Part 2 : Guided Writing

Answers : Guided Writing

Part 3 : Extended Writing

Article Writing

Review Writing

Report Writing

Answers : Extended Writing, Article Writing, Review Writing, Report Writing

Narrative Writing

Answers : Narrative Writing

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English SPM Paper 2 : Writing

(MIP) (Trg) [1]

Part 1 : Short Message

Part 2 : Guided Essay

Part 3 : Review

Part 3 : Article

Part 3 : Story

Part 3 : Report

Suggested Answers – Modul Soalan

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(PTRS) (Sel) [1]

Writing Paper (1)

Writing Paper (2)

Answers (PTRS) (Sel) [1]

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(TTV2) (Prk) [2]

Bahasa Inggeris SPM (Kertas 2) : How To Write An Email + Model Answer (TTV2) (Prk) [2]

Bahasa Inggeris SPM (Kertas 2) : Guided Writing (TTV2) (Prk) [2]

Bahasa Inggeris SPM (Kertas 2) : Extended Writing + Answers (TTV2) (Prk) [2]

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Koleksi Contoh Karangan Bahasa Inggeris Tingkatan 5 KSSM.  Form 5 Sample Essays

(SMKSP) (Srw) [1]

Guided Writing / Mind Map :

Review on a good book

Review on a movie that you have watched recently

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SPM English Writing Module :

Extended Writing (Article Writing, Review Writing, Story Writing) :

SPM English Writing Module (Short Communicative Message) + Answers

Koleksi Contoh Karangan Bahasa Inggeris (English Essays) SPM, Tingkatan 4, 5

Friendship Is More Important Than Money. Do You Agree ?

Global Warming

Haze: A Danger To Health

Haze: A Danger To Health (Directed Writing)

Honesty (Speech)

Honesty Is The Best Policy (Story)

How I Spent My Holidays

How To Be A Responsible Student (Speech)

How To Be A Wise Consumer

How To Beautify The School (Formal Letter)

How To Develop Reading Skill In Children

How To Find A Right Job

How To Reduce Traffic Congestion (Formal Letter)

Informal Letter (Directed Writing)

Informal Letter (Visit To Pulau Langkawi)

Internet (Essay)

Interview A Policeman

It Was The Last Day Of School

Keeping Cool

Keeping Pets Is Good. Do You Agree ?

Letter Of Application (Directed Formal Letter)

Letter Of Complain (Formal Letter)

Letter Of Complaint (Stray Dogs)

Letter To Newspapers: Expressing Concern On Child Abuse

Lost At Shopping Mall

Making Use of Bottles As Decorative Items (Speech)

Mobile Phones Are A Nuisance. Do You Agree ?

Mother’s Day Celebration

My Best Friend

My Favorite Subject In School

My Favourite Place

My Favourite TV Programme

My First Day At School

My Life Years From Now

My Most Embarrassing Situation

My Most Unforgettable Character

My Mother (Descriptive Essay)

Nuclear Energy – Good Or Bad ?

Online Shopping

Online Shopping Versus The Local Mall

Picnic At Seaside

Police Report On Accident

Preventing Truancy

Proverb ‘Do Not Judge A Book By Its Cover’. Describe An Experience When This Was True For You

Recycling Campaign

Report (Fire In Laboratory)

Report (Problems In School Library)

Report To Principal – Complaint About School Canteen

Requesting For Permission To Voluntary Service (Formal Letter)

River Pollution (Formal Letter)

Road Safety (1)

Road Safety (2)

Road Safety (Speech)

Safety Tips When Going To School

Should Do’s And Should Not Do’s To Keep The School Clean, Hygienic and Safe

Should School Students Be Given A Mobile Phone? Discuss

Should School Students Be Given a Mobile Phone Discuss

Should Students Be Allowed To Work ? Discuss

Showing Favouritism

Single Session School – Advantages and Disadvantages

Small Families Are Happier Families. Do You Agree ?

Social Networking Website

Someone Insipiring

Speech: Love Your Environment Campaign

Study Skills (Speech)

Teacher’s Day (Speech)

Teachers’ Day (2)

Teenagers Don’t Smoke

The Advantages Of Sports In Schools

The Beauty Of Malaysia (Essay)

The Benefits of Taking Up Hobbies (Speech)

The Conservation Of Our Natural Forests (Speech)

The Government Should Not Continue With Compulsory National Service. Do You Agree ?

The Importance of Eating More Fruits and Vegetables

The Importance Of Examinations

The Importance Of Having A Budget

The Importance Of Making Friends

The Importance Of Studying English

The Importance Of Studying The English Language (Speech)

The Important Of Obeying School Regulations (Speech)

The Important Of Reading (Speech)

The Malaysian Tradition Of Having Open Houses Is Important And Should

The National Day Celebration

The Need For Rules

The Need For Self Discipline

The Night Market

The Person I Admire

The Person Who Has Influenced Me

The Unusual Experience

Tourism Is Good For Our Country. What Do You Think ?

Useful Ways To Spend Leisure Time

Visiting A Book Fair

Ways To Maintain A Good Health

Ways To Prevent Dengue

What Would You Do If You Had A Lot Of Money

Which Do You Prefer, Living in The Countryside or Living In The City? (City)

Which Do You Prefer, Living in The Countryside or Living in The City? (Countryside)

Why School Children Should Have Hobbies (Speech)

Women Can Be The Breadwinner In A Home. Discuss

Write About An Incident In Which You Acted Irresponsibly

Writing A Review Essay (TI)

Writing Tips And Essay Format English SPM (KSSM) (Zeti)

A Birthday Party

A Camping Experience

A Day I Wished Had Never Happened

A Difficult Life (Story)

A Festival Celebrated In Malaysia

A Hit-And-Run Accident

A Holiday At The Countryside

A Holiday I Would Never Forget

A Holiday In Cameron Highland

A Horror / Tragic Story

A Narrative Essay KSSM (Story)

A Picnic By The Sea

A Popular Tourist Spot That I Have Visited

A Road Accident (2)

A Trip To Mount Kinabalu

A Visit To SPCA (Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals)

A Working Woman Makes A Useless Mother. State Your View

Advantages Of Unity

Advise Your Cousin On How To Lose Weight (Informal Letter)

An Unforgettable Experience

Anti Smoking Campaign Speech

Anti Smoking Campaign Speech Writing

Anti-Smoking Campaign (Speech)

Ban On Underage Smokers

Book Review Essay

Caning Is An Old-Fashioned Way Of Disciplining Students (Speech)

Caring For Our Old Folks

Cell phones – One of Our Greatest Technologies Misused

Challenges Of Home Learning During Covid 19  Pandemic

Co-Curricular Activities Are A Waste Of Time. Do You Agree?

Debate: “Advertisements Do More Good Than Harm”

Deepavali Celebration (Informal Letter)

Describe An Afternoon At The Bus Station

Describe An Important Family Celebration And How You Felt About It

Describe What Makes You Happy And Explain Why

Describe What You Understand About Success And Explain Why

Describe Your School Sports Day

Description on a Person – A Prominent Malaysian Leader

Descriptive Essays Describe What You Understand About Success and Explain Why

Directed Writing (Speech) : Obesity

‘Do Not Judge a Book By Its Cover’. Describe An Experience When This Was True For You.

Do You Think Homework Should Be Abolished ?

Does Academic Excellence Guarantees Success ? Discuss

Does School Prepare Us For Life

Drowning (Story)

English Essay : Challenges Of Home Learning During Covid 19 Pandemic

Essay on Healthy Lifestyle

Essay on Mother’s Day In English For School Kids and Children Mother’s

Essay on My Best Friend – 7 Selected Essays on My Best Friend

Experience of Being In A Busy City

Families That Play Together Stay Together

Favourite Holiday Destination

Fire (Report)

Flash Flood

Formal Letter: Complaint About Unsatisfactory Food And Restaurant Service

Formal Letter: Invite A Newspaper Reporter For Career Talk

Forms Of Discipline

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• Contoh-Contoh Karangan (Essays) untuk Soalan Percubaan Bahasa Inggeris (English) SPM (1)
• Karangan Bahasa Inggeris (English Essays) SPM : Continuous Writing   
• Karangan Bahasa Inggeris (English Essays) SPM : Directed Writing
• Karangan Bahasa Inggeris (English Essays) SPM : Argumentative Essays

……………………………………………………………………………..

Koleksi Nota Ringkas dan Padat, Soalan, Latihan, Modul Tingkatan 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 dan Tahun 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 :

• Koleksi Nota Ringkas dan Padat, Soalan, Latihan, Modul Tingkatan 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 dan Tahun 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
• Improve Your Spelling: Frequently Misspelled Words (1)
• Improve Your Spelling: Frequently Misspelled Words (2)
• Improve Your English : Frequently Confused Words (1)
• Improve Your English : Frequently Confused Words (2)
• Improve Your English : Frequently Confused Words (3)
• Improve Your English : Frequently Confused Words (4)
• Improve Your English : Frequently Confused Words (5)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………..

• KOLEKSI Soalan Peperiksaan Percubaan SPM + Skema Jawapan (Semua Subjek) (Terkini)
• Koleksi Karangan Bahasa Melayu, Bahasa Inggeris (English Essays), Bahasa Arab, PA : SPM, STPM, MUET, Tingkatan 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, Tahun 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
• Important English Grammar Notes for Essay Writing  
• Narrative Essay Writing Tips for English SPM

……………………………………………………………………………………………

• Koleksi Soalan dan Latihan Bahasa Inggeris (English) Tingkatan 5 (SPM) + Jawapan
• Koleksi Soalan dan Latihan Bahasa Inggeris (English) Tingkatan 4 + Jawapan
• Koleksi Buku Teks Digital KSSM Tingkatan 4 (Empat)
• Koleksi Buku Teks Digital KSSM dan KBSM Tingkatan 5 (Lima)

Koleksi Soalan dan Latihan Tingkatan 4 + Jawapan

Koleksi soalan dan latihan tingkatan 5 + jawapan.

……………………………………………………………………………………

• Koleksi Soalan dan Latihan Matematik Tingkatan 5 (SPM) + Jawapan
• Koleksi Soalan dan Latihan Bahasa Melayu Tingkatan 5 (SPM) + Jawapan
• Koleksi Soalan dan Latihan Bahasa Inggeris Tingkatan 5 (SPM) + Jawapan
• Koleksi Soalan dan Latihan Sejarah Tingkatan 5 (SPM) + Jawapan
• Koleksi Soalan dan Latihan Kimia Tingkatan 5 (SPM) + Jawapan
• Koleksi Soalan dan Latihan Fizik Tingkatan 5 (SPM) + Jawapan
• Koleksi Soalan dan Latihan Biologi Tingkatan 5 (SPM) + Jawapan
• Koleksi Soalan dan Latihan Sains Tingkatan 5 (SPM) + Jawapan
• Koleksi Soalan dan Latihan Pendidikan Islam Tingkatan 5 (SPM) + Jawapan
• Koleksi Soalan dan Latihan Perniagaan Tingkatan 5 (SPM)+ Jawapan
• Koleksi Soalan dan Latihan Matematik Tambahan (Additional Mathematics) Tingkatan 5 + Jawapan
• Koleksi Soalan dan Latihan Matematik (Mathematics) Tingkatan 4 + Jawapan
• Koleksi Soalan dan Latihan Bahasa Melayu Tingkatan 4 + Jawapan
• Koleksi Soalan dan Latihan Sejarah Tingkatan 4 + Jawapan
• Koleksi Soalan dan Latihan Sains (Science) Tingkatan 4 + Jawapan
• Koleksi Soalan dan Latihan Biologi (Biology) Tingkatan 4 + Jawapan
• Koleksi Soalan dan Latihan Fizik (Physics) Tingkatan 4 + Jawapan
• Koleksi Soalan dan Latihan Kimia (Chemistry) Tingkatan 4 + Jawapan
• Koleksi Soalan dan Latihan Matematik Tambahan (Additional Mathematics) Tingkatan 4 + Jawapan
• Koleksi Soalan dan Latihan Perniagaan Tingkatan 4 + Jawapan
• Koleksi Soalan dan Latihan Pendidikan Islam Tingkatan 4 + Jawapan
• Koleksi Soalan dan Latihan Geografi Tingkatan 4 + Jawapan
• Koleksi Soalan dan Latihan Tasawwur Islam Tingkatan 4 + Jawapan
• Koleksi Nota Ringkas dan Padat, Soalan, Latihan, KBAT, Peperiksaan, Ujian Tingkatan 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 dan Tahun 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

• SPM, Tingkatan 5 : Soalan, Nota, Peperiksaan, Ujian, Bahan Rujukan Penting Semua Subjek
• Tingkatan 4 : Soalan, Nota, Peperiksaan, Ujian, Bahan Rujukan Penting Semua Subjek
• Bahan-Bahan Rujukan Penting dan Berguna untuk Subjek-Subjek Utama SPM, Tingkatan 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, dan Tahun 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

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………………………………………………………………………………….

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Thursday, June 26, 2014

46 good spm english model essays / free essay samples for o-level, ielts, toefl & muet writing.

46 Model Essay Samples for SPM English, O-level, IELTS, TOEFL & MUET Writing

        descriptive essays.

• My Best Friend
• Describe an afternoon at the bus station
• A Horrifying Swim
• A Prominent Malaysian Leader
• A Demonic Gold
• My Favourite TV Programme
• The Night Market

Narrative Essays

• A Horror / Tragic Story
• Finally, A Voice Message
• That is the reward for my patience and hardwork
• A Holiday I Would Never Forget
• Couple Foils Robbery Attempt
• Write a story starting with: “The widow had to work hard to bring up her little son alone...”
• My Most Embarrassing Situation
• A Road Accident
• Autumn on Sugarbush Street
• Of Bombs and Ice-Cream

Argumentative / Persuasive Essays

• Haze: A Danger to Health
• Cell phones - One of Our Greatest Technologies Misused
• Importance of Studying English

Reflective Essays

• Are undergraduates ready for the real world?
• Does School Prepare Us for Life
• What would you do if you had a lot of money

Factual Essays

• Social Networking Website

Directed Writing

• Anti-Smoking Campaign Speech
• Informal Letter
• Informal Letter Sample
• Formal Letter: Letter of Application
• Formal Letter: Letter of Complain
• Complain Report About School Canteen
• Book Report
• Police Report on Accident

48 comments:

Is there any chinese language essay?? can recommend??

lol u retarded?

Why are you so mean? Which part of it is retarded?

Maybe he lack of attention in his life

Dude, there are really chinese essay in spm. What's wrong with you guys

Are you lost mate? This webpage is for english essays, not chinese retard

Cmon he just asking if theres any chinese language essay... nothing wrong with it... sorry i think u are the one who is retarded here... no one r supporting ya...

what is naratif composition

Lol retarded 9 yr olds hating over a single question

WTH????? He is just asking. FGS he is not even asking u man..That question were asked to the admin. Pls just mind your own bussiness..

Senyap ar semua

Ahaha. Retarded indeed.

Ni nk buat rujukan ke gaduh?

Spm around the bout

guys i think,personally that this site helps you a lot in your studies.Amazing essays which are wonderfull

This is a fabulous site , helps me a lot😍

hey there.. im just here looking through the comments

i honestly thought that no one gonna be on this blog in 2021

bunch of pointless people arguing about an idiot

The test score works as a proof of their language proficiency and knowledge. Finding the Best TOEFL Coaching it self is a task because the objective of TOEFL classes is to give you interactive examples of TOEFL test questions.

Good Work for English learnes

This is important to remember while you are browsing IELTS or TOEFL preparation course, if you are planning on applying for citizenship or collage and intend to use your results as an entry requirement.

klau tuk repeat bi spm ngan st ada x ?

After attemting for my IELTS five times I had to get professional help and nothing like enrolling in Insearch I had an amazing support team that helped me clear and achieve my required target.

The MBA is a master's degree in business administration which helps people attain a better understanding of the scientific approach in management.

With such programs it will be more easy for the students to get the good writing ideas and the techniques, looking forward to most important among them.

Transferring to a four year university may actually be a cheaper way to get a high quality education. This article provides tips for students who wish to transfer in.

That's really huge list of sample essays for students those need to write essay and facing difficulties. I am sure that will be very helpful for students studying in various level.

To be honest All the 46 Model essays are uncomparable to the O level English Standard. In fact,writing such a essay in o level english will guarantee a fail

Woah,these essays are actually good for SPM level. Seeing this comment,I wonder how am I going to survive after SPM with my own level of English. HUhu..T-T

totally useful for me

thank you much for the God's sake who had done this blog :) You pretty had aid me much in essays

thanks for the essay samples! I was struggling what I want to write about for my mid term examination.. But not anymore :)

Hey I would like to get in touch with you about publishing one of my articles here? Any way to do that??

Click here for email address to submit your article.

Thank you for sharing. This is a good material for the development of creative thought. I'm writing an essay for more than five years. Sometimes creative crisis comes. In this moment you need to distract yourself with other thoughts. Good luck to all with essay writing.

Oh, thanks! It is very useful information! Right now I have to write an essay. But I haven't decided yet will I write it alone or with the help of this writing service.

Thank you for the useful samples of the essay. But if we are talking about the uniqueness of I prefer this service. Cuz the professionals guarantee the quality of written works. In addition, I like the price and the system of discounts. So I advise you!

Do you have any doubts on the result of online writing service? Visit us and learn more about our reliable writing service and eliminate all the fears you have. Take professional help and relax!

Any spm 2020 candidates here?. How's your life going?. Mine is cursed

Same and im goin through mid year exams rn...smh

Me, a 12 year old that wants to write longer than the word limit in primary school: wow, this is cool

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Ch’ng Teik Peng NEW SPM Assessment Zeti Aqmar Alpikri Format 2021 • Covers 3 parts of the SPM Writing paper www.PelangiBooks.com • Online Bookstore • Online Library • • Step-by-step guide for different essay types PelangiBooks • Word Bank & Idioms for Vocab Enrichment WM:RM18.95 / EM:RM18.95 JC108222 • Tips & Techniques for each section ISBN 978-967-2720-21-8 • Wide Scope of Model Essays CONTENTS Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. Part 1: Short Communicative Part 2: Guided Writing Message Tips and Techniques 28 Tips and Techniques 2 Introduction 29 Introduction 3 Step by Step 29 Step by Step 3 17 Pros and Cons of Studying 1 Social Networking Media Platforms 6 Overseas 30 2 Learning Apps 7 18 Endangered Species 31 3 Advising a Relative 8 19 Bullying in Schools 32 4 Reviving Memories of Childhood 20 Online Games 33 Games 9 21 The Welfare of the Aged 34 5 Compliment and Encourage 22 Social Networking Sites 36 Volunteerism 10 23 Scholarship Awards: Accept or 6 Consolation and Advice 11 Decline 37 7 Invitation to Plan and Participate in 24 Buying a Car 38 Camping Trip 12 25 Importance of Movement Control 8 The Tragic Flood 14 Order (MCO) 39 9 Steps to Efficient Learning 15 26 Depression Among Teenagers 41 10 For Tastier Green 16 27 Flash Flooding 42 11 Dining Together as a Family 18 28 Trend of Online Business in 12 Reading Maketh A Man 19 Malaysia 43 13 Application for Post of 29 Computer Literacy among Malaysian Receptionist 21 Teenagers 45 14 Application for Post of Part-Time 30 Effectiveness of Online Class 46 Salesperson 22 31 Issue of Student Couples 47 15 Application for Post of Temporary 32 Problem of Peer Pressure 48 Pre-School Teacher 24 33 If You Were a Billionaire 50 16 Application for Post of Journalist 25 34 Plan to Start an Online Business 51 35 Mental Health 52 v 36 Saving Money for the Future 54 59 Herbs Native to Malaysia 96 37 Importance of Music 55 60 The Benefits of Honey and 38 Playing Video Games 56 Cinnamon 98 39 Showing Appreciation to Mothers 58 61 Encouraging Teenagers to be More Independent 100 40 Qualities of a Good Friend 59 Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. 62 How to Save Money 102 41 Importance of Having a Hobby 60 63 Important to Have Good Friends 104 42 Ambition in Life 61 64 Have a Good Read 106 43 Living in a Different Country 62 65 Soup Kitchens 108 44 Homework 63 66 A Kayaking Adventure 110 67 How to Communicate with People Part 3: Extended Writing with Disabilities 112 Tips and Techniques 66 68 The Value of Water 114 69 Hiking Safety Precautions 115  Articles Introduction 67 70 Learn English Through News 117 71 My Neighbourhood Market 119 Step by Step 67 72 The National Bird Park 121 45 My Home Work Station 68 46 Ordering Food Online 70  Reviews 47 Good Parenting 72 Introduction 124 48 Study Well and Do Well 74 Step by Step 124 49 Reading, Conference and Writing 73 A Book Review: "The Loneliest make the Man 76 Polar Bear" 125 50 The Dengue Menace 78 74 A Newspaper Article Review: "Go Win-Win – Health and Planet" 127 51 The Structure of a Newspaper Article 80 75 A Movie Review: “Mulan 2020” 129 52 The Importance of Education 82 76 A Musical Movie: “The Sound of Music 130 53 The Generation Gap 84 77 A Movie Review: “Run Wild, Run 54 The Newspaper and Us 86 Free” 132 55 Home Schooling 88 78 A Movie Review: “Matilda” 134 56 A Good Night’s Sleep 90 79 A Book Review: “Everything I 57 Air Fresheners – Commercial or Thought I Knew” 136 Home-made 92 80 A Book Review: “The Giver” 138 58 Haze – Health Hazard 94 vi 81 A Book Review: “A Patchwork 99 A Newspaper Article Review: Family” 141 “Standard-Bearer of Perseverance: 82 A Book Review: “The Ghost Bob, 30 years the Burgerman of Bride” 143 Jenaris”. 175 83 A Book Review: Spirits Abroad 145 100 A Newspaper Article Review: “A New Old World” 177 Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. 84 A Travel Journal Review: “Eat, Pray, Love” by Elizabeth Gilbert 146  Stories 85 A Graphic Novel Review: “Smile” 148 Introduction 180 86 A Junior Grammar Book Review: Step by Step 180 “The Great Grammar Book” 150 101 My Endangered Flora and Fauna: 87 A Cookbook Review: “Malaysia: Farewell! 181 Recipes from a Family Kitchen” 152 102 Nenek’s Checklist Prior to Covid-19 88 A Cookbook Review: “Our Mamas’ Vaccination 183 Recipes” 154 103 Nature’s Fury 185 89 A Novel Review: “The Rice Mother” 156 104 A First Timer's Nerves 187 105 Gosh! It Was Friday the 13th! 188 90 A Novel Review: “Crazy Rich Asians” 158 106 The Helping Hand - Keong’s Point of View 190 91 A Health Magazine Review: “InfoMed” 160 107 The Missing Diary 192 92 A Gardening Guidebook Review: 108 Was I the Only Survivor? 194 “Fine Gardening” 162 109 Twin Siblings 195 93 A Magazine Review: “Just English” 110 Madame Alley Cat 197 and “Just English Explorer” 164 111 The Myopic Teenager 198 94 A Magazine Review: “Reader’s Digest, The Asian Edition” 166 112 The Scaredy-Cat 200 113 Sam Lee’s Last Will 202 95 A Homestay Review: “The Bliss Malacca” 168 114 Woes of Plastic Kitchenware 204 96 A Beach Resort Review: “Casa 115 The Sixth Sense 206 Rasa Sayang” 169 116 The End is Near 208 97 A Book Review: “The Garden of 117 Crime Does Not Pay 210 Evening Mists” 171 118 Homesickness 212 98 A Book Review: The Dog Who Dared to Dream” 173 119 A Caring Neighbour 213 120 Blinded by Wrong First Impressions 215 vii 121 Stop Procrastinating! Do It Now! 217 138 Survey of Shoppers at Economy 122 Sibling Rivalry and Bonding 219 Supermarket 254 123 Caught in a Long Queue 221 139 Report on Improving the Conditions of the School 256 124 First Day Work Blues 223 140 Launching A Reading Campaign 257 125 Highs and Lows of an Online Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. Student 225 141 A Park in the City Centre 260 126 Chaotic Day at House 142 Alternative Therapies 262 Number 13 227 143 Money Cannot Buy Happiness 264 127 Roadblocks Here, There and 144 Staying Cool in the Heat and Everywhere 229 Haze 266 128 Mak Jah the Cat Whisperer 231 145 Ways to Improve Performance in English 268 4 Reports 146 It is Better to be Safe Than Sorry 271 Introduction 234 147 Prevention is better than Cure 273 Step by Step 234 148 Schools and the Problem of 129 A Star is Born 235 Truancy 275 130 Post-vaccination Side Effects 149 Pros and Cons of Social of a Covid-19 Vaccine 237 Networking 277 131 Report of Yearbook Editorial 150 Hillside Property Development 279 Board Meeting 239 151 Working from Home 281 132 A Live Concert 241 152 Online Games – More Good than 133 Walking on the Blind Side 243 Harm 283 134 Time Spent on Leisure Activities 245 153 Student to Novelist 285 135 The Preferences of English 154 Book Fairs 287 Language Society Members 247 155 Floods 290 136 State of Recreational Facilities in Bukit Merah Housing Estate 249 Commonly Misspelled English Words 293 137 National Service for All 251 List of Phrasal Verbs 295 viii English SPM Part 1 – Short Communicative Message Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. Part 1 Short Communicative Message (Email) 1 English SPM Part 1 – Short Communicative Message Short Communicative Message (Email) is – Thank the reader for his / her time writing an informal or formal email based and keep the context of the email on a given stimulus It is tested in Part 1 in mind. of the SPM English 1119/2 paper. It is Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. compulsory for students to answer this Use Grammatical Devices appropriately: question. The number of words should be (a) The grammar should reflect the tone about 80 words. you want to convey. Avoid using When writing informal and formal emails, contractions such as ‘don’t” or “won’t” think about: in formal emails. Use the full word like “do not” or “will not”. (a) how you begin and end emails to set the tone of the message – there are (b) Contractions are acceptable in informal two parts to begin the email : the emails when portraying a casual tone. greeting and the way you address the reader. (c) While writing about specific terms, be aware of colloquial terms and slang • Informal Emails which might be appropriate for informal – Convey a much more casual tone writing but not in formal emails. – address reader as a friend on a first name basis. (d) Regardless of the email’s style, do pay attention to using correct grammar and – More personal – relay a punctuation and follow best practices tone similar to face-to-face for formatting conversation (e) Ensure that the email is easy to read – Examples: Hey Johan / Hi / Hi, and convey a professional tone, Hani regardless whether it is formal or informal. • Formal Emails – To convey respect by politely (f) To ensure readability, divide content addressing the reader into paragraphs – Examples: Dear Professor Yanni (g) Organize information to ensure it is not Ismail / Dear Marketing Manager muddled or confusing to reader. Ideally, / To whom it may concern a paragraph should not be longer than four lines in length. (b) the same rules apply to the end of the email. – Use the same tone you started the mail, whether casual or professional. 2 A Short Communicative Message (Email) Introduction Short Communicative Message (Email) is a writing task that require students to write an email based on a given stimulus in the form of an email. The message (email) can either be informal or formal. The topic matter may be on general or specific matters. Students should study the stimulus and write an email in relation to the question asked. A good email involves inclusion of student’s own but relevant ideas. Step S tep by A. How to write an informal email 1. Start your email with ‘Hi’ followed by name of receiver, 2. Use relevant expressions appropriate to the purpose of the email • e.g. ‘Would you like to + verb ..’ when making an invitation • ‘We could ..,’ when making a suggestion • ‘Could you .. ‘ when making a request Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. 3. Give details of your invitation, suggestion or request clearly. Leave out unnecessary details. 4. End with ‘See you soon. / Hope to hear from you soon. / Hope to get a favourable reply soon. 5. End with your name. Sample of an informal email You received an email from a friend who wants to study together for an upcoming exam. Hi, The mid-year exam is around the corner. Would you like to study together in preparation for this exam? We could do it in my house as my parents will be away for the fortnight before the mid-year exam. I don’t mind if you want to bring two of your friends, as long as they are serious about their studies. Looking forward to hearing from you. Bye for now. 3 English SPM Part 1 – Short Communicative Message Now write an email to your friend in about 80 words. Write your answer below. Subject: A brief New Message phrase that tells the content of To : Zahara the email Subject : Group study Greeting: on the left side of Hi Zahara, the page. Put a comma after Thank you for the invitation to do group studying for the the name mid-year exam. Group studying is a good idea as the exam formats for three subjects have been changed. We need to put our heads Paragraphing: together to fully understand the new formats and how to answer write in blocked the questions. paragraphs. I would like to bring two friends from my neighbourhood. They are from another school and might be able to give us new ideas or approaches as taught by their teachers. Please forward the schedule soonest possible. Signing off: on the left-hand Siew Hwa side of the page. B. How to write a formal email 1. Begin with a greeting / salutation. Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. Open with a greeting such as ‘Dear Sir/Madam/Ms/Mr/Mrs/Dr/Surname’. If you do not know the name of the person, use ‘To whom it may concern’ or ‘Dear Sir / Madam’. 2. Thank the recipient. If you are replying to an inquiry, begin with a line of thanks. - for question about your company, “Thank you for contacting ABC Company”; for a reply to one of your emails, ‘Thank you for your prompt reply’ or ‘Thanks for getting back to me’. 3. State your purpose. If you are starting the email communication, begin by stating your purpose, ‘I am writing to enquire about …’ Make your purpose and the main text clear. Keep your sentences short and clear. Pay careful attention to grammar, spelling and punctuation for a professional impression. 4. Add your closing remarks. Before you end your email, it’s polite to thank your reader one more time and add some polite closing remarks like ‘Thank you for your patience and cooperation’. Follow up with ‘If you have any questions or concerns, don’t hesitate to let me know” and ‘I look forward to hearing from you’. 4 English SPM Part 1 – Short Communicative Message 5. End with a closing. The last step is to include an appropriate closing with your name. ‘Best regards’, ‘Sincerely’, and “Thank you” are all professional. Finally, review and spell check your email one more time to make sure it’s truly perfect! Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. Sample of Formal Email: A Thank You Email To: [email protected] Subject: Thank you – Assistant Account Executive Interview Subject: A brief phrase that tells the content of the email Dear Encik Johan, It was very kind of you to grant me an interview. I enjoyed learning about the Assistant Account Executive position at the JK Greeting: on the left side of Company. the page. Put The job seems to be an excellent match for my skills and a comma after interests. The creative approach to account management that you the name discussed confirmed my desire to work with you. I will bring to the position strong writing skills, assertiveness Paragraphing: and the ability to encourage others to work co-operatively with the write in blocked paragraphs. department. I appreciate the time you took to interview me. I look forward to hearing from you regarding this position. Signing off: on Thank you. the left-hand side of the Yours sincerely, page. Amar Iqbal 5 English SPM Part 1 – Short Communicative Message Model 1 Social Networking Media Platforms You received an email from your cousin who wants to know about some apps that you use on your mobile. Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. Hi Johan, I would like some information of apps that you use on your mobile. There are many popular free apps that I am confused as to the ones I should install on my mobile. Abah has finally agreed to gift me the latest Samsung Model as a birthday present. Please tell me more about the two favourite apps that you have installed on your mobile. Thank you. See you soon. Jamal Now write an email to your cousin in about 80 words. Write your answer below. Model Answer To : [email protected] Subject : Choice of Apps Hi Jamal, You must be one happy teenager! My first choice is Pinterest. It is a virtual scrapbooking social media site. Users can create themed boards and add images and products, allowing members to share and pin them. You can search for images and ideas on your hobbies like house décor or travel. My second choice is WhatsApp. My BFFs opted for WhatsApp, not Telegram or Instagram. WhatsApp is a messaging app that lets users share text messages, images, voice notes, audio files, documents and videos. Do install the apps that cater to your needs and interests. See you soon too. Johan WORD Bank Virtual scrapbooking – Online / Digital scrapbooking is the term for the creation of a new 2D artwork by re-combining various graphic elements. It is a form of scrapbooking that is done using a personal computer, digital or scanned photos and computer graphics software. It is a relatively new form of the traditional print scrapbooking. 6 English SPM Part 1 – Short Communicative Message INFO CORNER 10 top social media platforms in Malaysia (Statistics 2020): Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, LinkedIn, Tumbir, Tagged, Pinterest, Weibo, Says, Carimember.com Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. Model 2 Learning Apps You received an email from your 13-year-old niece who wants your advice on online language grammar apps to help her with her language writing activities. Hi Aunt May, How are you, Aunt May? I hope everyone is in good health. We are fine too. I wish to install an online language apps to assist me in my language writing activities. I do get confused and I waste time checking for explanations. My weakest link is grammar usage. Please suggest one language apps, preferably a free apps that I could use effectively. Thank you. Take care. April Now write an email to your niece in about 80 words. Write your answer below. Model Answer To : [email protected] Subject : Online Language Apps for Language Writing Hi April, We all are in good health. We are glad you all are doing well too. Now for your request. There are many language apps on the virtual market from free to paid to upgrades. As grammar is your Achilles heel, I suggest installing Grammarly.com. This apps is a free Grammar Checker: correcting all grammar errors, enhancing writing, eliminating grammar errors and improving text. Services cover advanced grammar rules, contextual spelling checker, vocabulary enhancement, plagiarism check and a Performance Assessment Checklist via the Free Writing Assistant, the Plagiarism Detection and the Automated Grammar Checker. Members could upgrade to Grammarly Premium. Install and use it. Revert to me after a month for an evaluation. Happy writing. May 7 English SPM Part 1 – Short Communicative Message WORD Bank Achilles heel - a weakness in spite of overall strength, which can lead to downfall. plagiarism - the representation of another author’s language, thoughts, ideas, or expressions as one’s own original work. revert - reply, respond an evaluation - assessment, appraisal, judgement Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. Model 3 Advising a Relative You receive an email from your aunt who is concerned about your cousin. Dear Alan, I’m sorry to disturb you at this time when you’re preparing for your finals. I’m worried about Ben who looks depressed most of the time. The two of you are very close so please talk to him. I’m sure he’ll tell you the reasons for his present behaviour. I suspect it is cyberbullying but he refuses to talk about it. I’m sure he will open up to you. Bye! Now write an email to your aunt in about 80 words. Write your answer below. Model Answer To : [email protected] Subject : Ben and his Problem Dear Aunt Clara, Thank you for your faith in me. I met up with Ben. He opened up in no time – a victim of cyberbullying. The fact that he talked so openly means he needs support and help especially from his family. The problem is in the early stage. So, nip it in the bud and help Ben get over it. Talk to him gently. Don’t make him feel guilty. With encouragement, he can get his life back on track. Get back to me if you need further help. Bye. Love, Alan 8 English SPM Part 1 – Short Communicative Message IDIOMS nip it in the bud – to stop something in the early stages before it becomes a serious problem opened up – talked willingly about one’s problem back on track – back to the original or normal Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. WORD Bank INFO CORNER faith – trust Cyber bullying – the use of technology to harass, victim – one who is acted on and threaten, embarrass, or target another person. Online usually adversely affected threats and mean, aggressive, or rude texts, tweets, posts Model 4 Reviving Memories of Childhood Games You received an email from a friend who wants to know about Malaysian traditional games. Hi, I have a request which you may think odd but I really need your help. I need to find information about our Malaysian traditional games for my paper. I have to present it in my class next week. I can get information from the Net but I prefer to get it from people who have or are still playing the games. I remembered you used to play batu seremban and kunda kundi. You also preferred congkak. Could you please give me the necessary details? Thanking you in advance. Now write an email to your friend in about 80 words. Write your answer below. Model Answer To : [email protected] Subject : Remembering a Childhood Game Hi Leena, Malaysian traditional games? Congkak was and still is my favourite. For your information, in the past, they dug holes in the ground and played with tamarind seeds. Nowadays, we play with marbles on a wooden board with two rows of five, seven or nine holes and two holes at both ends called home. The aim is to collect the tokens for our home. I used to shout and jump about whenever I won - to irritate my opponent, my grandmother. I would say, nenek I won fair and square! Good luck on your paper! Sara 9 English SPM Part 1 – Short Communicative Message WORD Bank IDIOMS tamarind seeds – seeds of a fruit popularly used in Indian fair and square – honestly and cuisine to add a tangy flavour. straightforwardly tokens – marks irritate – to provoke impatience or anger Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. INFO CORNER Malaysian traditional games are usually played during free time. Traditional games are very popular among people who live in rural areas. They have been played by our ancestors. Nowadays, most of traditional games are not being played anymore by the children as they are more attracted to play computer games. Malay traditional games are one of the cultural heritages that are priceless and cannot be replaced because they symbolize our customs, culture, and identity of one nation. Model 5 Compliment and Encourage Volunteerism You received an email from a friend who is going to further her studies abroad. Hi, As you know, I’ll be furthering my studies in Australia in about three months’ time. I would like to spend the time fruitfully but I’m not sure what I can do or which direction to go. I could do a short course or get involved in voluntary work in a worthwhile organisation. I would be most obliged if you could help me out so that I can put my time to good use. Waiting for your good news. Nora Now write an email to your friend in about 80 words. Write your answer below. Model Answer To : [email protected] Subject : Getting into Voluntary Work Hi Nora, Wow, that’s lot of spare time – whole three months! Let’s put the time to good use - doing voluntary work - a better option than studying. 10 English SPM Part 1 – Short Communicative Message You could do voluntary work with the Dignity for Children Foundation which helps to empower underprivileged children transform their lives positively. They learn physical skills and social responsibility through projects like helping in urban gardening. They attend tuition classes. Kill two birds with one stone – help them in the gardening and give them tuition! That’s food for thought, isn’t it? Get back to me. Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. Sharon WORD Bank IDIOMS option – choice put to good use – use something in a worthwhile manner empower – enable kill two birds with one stone – to achieve two aims at once food for thought – something that warrants serious consideration INFO CORNER Dignity for Children Foundation is a non-governmental organization that provides holistic care and education for urban poor children in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. “Breaking the Cycle of Poverty through Quality Education.” Model 6 Consolation and Advice You received a letter from your brother, Rafie, who participated in an essay writing competition. Hi Sis, I’m so sorry to disturb you as you are in the midst of preparing for your finals. I’m feeling depressed as my entry in the Daily Mirror essay competition was not chosen at all. I did my best but obviously my efforts were not sufficient to merit a placing in the top ten entries. I’ve always been told that my essays are excellent but unfortunately not good enough for pitting against others. I need your consolation and encouragement. Rafie Now write an email to your brother in about 80 words. Write your answer below. 11 English SPM Part 1 – Short Communicative Message Model Answer To : [email protected] Subject : Consolation and Encouragement Over Essay Writing Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. Hi Rafie, Sorry to hear of your disappointment. I felt your pain, too. Look at your situation with the right perspective and don’t let it overcome you. Life has ups and downs. In school, your essays are considered excellent. But, away from school in a competition, it is a different story. The way your teachers and the judges look at your essays is subjective. As one man’s meat is another man’s poison, don’t be discouraged. Show your mettle! Prove them wrong. Go for other competitions! I’m here to give moral support always. Kak Long WORD Bank perspective – a particular attitude or point of view subjective – based on personal feelings or opinions IDIOMS ups and downs – a succession of good and bad experiences one man’s meat is another man’s poison – things liked or enjoyed by one person may be distasteful to another show your mettle – show how tough one is Model Invitation to Plan and Participate in 7 Camping Trip You received an email from a friend who is in charge of organising a camping trip for a group of young teens from a children’s home. Hello Ian, Sorry to be writing to you so late at night. However, I’m sure you will forgive me after you have read my mail. I’ll be going on a camping trip with some young teens from a children’s home – my good deed for the end of year holidays! You are a natural born organiser cum leader while I’m always the follower! I’m already on pins and 12 English SPM Part 1 – Short Communicative Message needles. So, please help me out here with ideas for the camp and please join us on the trip. Please give me a favourable reply. Really need your expertise! Dexter Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. Now write an email to your friend in about 80 words. Write your answer below. Model Answer To : [email protected] Subject : Planning and Participating in Camping Trip Dear Dexter, You’re definitely in a pickle for agreeing to organise such a trip knowing your own limitations. It is a good deed and the youngsters will enjoy such a trip. I’ll help you with the planning and be on hand to iron out problems. I’d suggest a three-day-two-night trip in Templar’s Park with some activities like - camping orientation of dos and don’ts, trail walking, jungle tracking, fishing, but no swimming, hiking, scavenger hunt and of course, campfire for both nights for a singalong. Hope they do not sound mundane. Let’s meet up for a face-to-face discussion. Lan WORD Bank organiser cum leader – one who does the planning and heads the event expertise – expert skill or knowledge in a particular field orientation – the process of orienting someone or something relative to an event mundane – ordinary, uninteresting or not important IDIOMS pins and needles – in a nervous or jumpy state of anticipation in a pickle – in a difficult position or to have a problem iron out – to resolve or work out a situation 13 English SPM Part 1 – Short Communicative Message Model 8 The Tragic Flood You received a letter from a friend who heard about the flood you and your family experienced a month ago. Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. Hi, I’m sorry for not writing earlier. I was out of the country on a project and only learnt about your experience with the flood on my return last week. I was really shaken up by the information heard from our friends. My apologies for not being around to offer comfort or help in any way. Do you remember how much my family and I suffered when our house was destroyed in a fire five years ago? You helped me ride out the problem emotionally and physically. Please give me some details of your situation and how I may help out. Write to me when you feel comfortable to do so. Helena Now write an email to your friend in about 80 words. Write your answer below. Model Answer To : [email protected] Subject : Experience with the Tragic Flood Dear Helena, Thank you for your concern and offer of assistance. We’re grateful to have survived and are still picking up the pieces physically and emotionally. It rained non-stop for a week and the night before the floods was a night of horror with torrential rain. The river behind the vegetable plots rose to above the danger level. We packed and left hurriedly. From news reports, our locality had turned into swirling areas of destruction. We returned to a scene of devastation – no house, no land - only mud and slime. Your moral support is good enough. Jefri 14 English SPM Part 1 – Short Communicative Message WORD Bank torrential – heavy swirling – moving fast devastation – great destruction moral support – support or help whose effect is psychological rather than physical Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. IDIOMS shaken up – upset by a physical jolt or shock ride out the problem – succeed in surviving or getting through a bad experience picking up the pieces – restore one’s life or situation to a more normal state after a disaster Model 9 Steps to Efficient Learning You received an email from your niece, Kathleen who asks for some advice. Dear Aunt Carol, As you know, I have enrolled in a local college with the option of studying overseas. Initially, I felt proud and confident. However, a fortnight later now, the euphoria has lessened and now I’m in the grip of no confidence. Well-meaning friends have pointed out that college learning is different from school learning and I should be prepared for that. I feel the jitters as I know my limitations. I don’t do well when I have to analyse or be creative. Please advise. I don’t want to disappoint my parents. Kathleen Now write an email to your niece in about 80 words. Write your answer below. Model Answer To : [email protected] Subject : Steps to Efficient Learning Dear Kathleen, No reason to be jittery. You’re a bright student. College studies is different but all you need is efficient learning - don’t just hit the books! 15 English SPM Part 1 – Short Communicative Message Listen well in class to remember what you hear. However, we might not recollect especially when we’re unsure of the subject or the lecture is too long. So, look at the learning guide before class. Focus on the more important part of the lecture. Read over the materials after class to reinforce what you have heard. Let it stick in your memory. Highlight the important parts. Read between the lines. Have group discussions: It promotes understanding and helps acquire different Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. approaches and pertinent additional views. Aunt Carol WORD Bank jitters – a feeling of extreme nervousness recollect – remember or call to mind reinforce – strengthen an existing habit, feeling or idea IDIOMS don’t just hit the books – don’t rely on the text only read between the lines – to find meanings that are intended but that are not directly expressed in something said or written INFO CORNER • ‘Learning is not the product of teaching. Learning is the product of the activities of learners.’ - John Holt - • ‘Learning is a treasure that will follow its owner everywhere’. - Chinese proverb - Model 10 For Tastier Greens You receive an email from a friend who has heard about urban farming. Hi Masliza, Hope you aren’t too busy with your urban farming to read my mail. I keep hearing about this new development from a few quarters. Personally, I’m not keen about it. I feel it’s like new broom sweeps clean and the interest will die out soon. Let’s leave farming to the farmers. Anyway, why are you so keen about it? Please help me to understand. Jackie Now write an email to your friend in about 80 words. Write your answer below. 16 English SPM Part 1 – Short Communicative Message Model Answer To : [email protected] Subject : Tastier Greens Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. Hi Jackie, I don’t deny that I’m into urban farming. I’d like to reiterate that this interest will not die out and neither is it new broom sweeps clean. I do have green fingers! I take pride in my effort. It helps to cushion the impact of grocery bills. The greens are crunchier, tastier and free of pesticides. We control what goes into our greens. We grow whatever we want and the fruits of our labour make all the hard work worthwhile. Our friends enjoy the products of our edible garden. I’ll send some to you soon! Masliza WORD Bank cushion – to provide support or protection against impact edible – can be eaten IDIOMS new broom sweeps clean – to show interest initially and this interest may peter out die out – become less important or attractive to have green fingers – good at gardening and making plants grow fruits of our labour – produce or results of one’s hard work INFO CORNER Urban farming is growing or producing food in a city or heavily populated town or municipality. Urban agriculture is often confused with community gardening, homesteading or subsistence farming. 17 English SPM Part 1 – Short Communicative Message Model 11 Dining Together as a Family You receive an email from a friend who wants to know your opinion about families having meals together. reasons. Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. Hi, How’re you getting with the school project on eating right with balanced and nutritious meals? Talking about meals, I’d like to let you know that in my family having meals together is not a routine. We eat at our own time and do not see family members until the weekends. I feel I have to mention this because Mrs. Kang emphasised having family meals is a good routine. Does your family have meals together all the time? Is it a rule? A must? Hoping to hear from you soon. Niena Now write an email to your friend in about 80 words. Write your answer below. Model Answer To : [email protected] Subject : Dining Together as a Family Hi, I’m getting on well with my project on balanced and nutritious meals. In my family, having meals together is a routine. When it is dinner time and if we’re late, we’ll be in hot soup. Mother insists that we have dinner together every Wednesday, Friday and weekends. No excuses unless it is an emergency! Mother sets the rule because family meals strengthen familial bonds and inculcate healthy eating habits. It is quality family time when we exchange ideas and stories while having a balanced meal. We really enjoy our meals together. We do see eye to eye with mother’s Natasha 18 English SPM Part 1 – Short Communicative Message WORD Bank routine – a sequence of actions regularly followed emergency – a serious, unexpected situation often dangerous requiring immediate action strengthen familial bonds – to make family members have better relationships inculcate – to instil an idea or attitude through constant prodding Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. IDIOMS in hot soup – in trouble see eye to eye – to be in agreement INFO CORNER Eating a nutritionally balanced diet helps control weight and reduce risk for developing chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, obesity and kidney disorders. Model 12 Reading Maketh A Man You received an email from an ex-classmate’s sister who has been selected as Secretary of the Junior Literary Society. Hi Kathleen, Surprised to receive this mail from me, Kamilla, Baiduri’s sister? I’ve been selected as Secretary of the Junior Literary Society and I have to give a talk on Reading Maketh a Man. Knowing that you are an avid reader and a specialist in linguistics, you are the best person to approach for help to prepare the talk. Just give the main points. It is a demanding request, isn’t it? Please feel free to refuse. Kamilla Now write an email to your friend’s sister in about 80 words. Write your answer below. 19 English SPM Part 1 – Short Communicative Message Model Answer To : [email protected] Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. Subject : Reading Maketh a Man Dear Kamilla, Of course, I will help you. Reading is my forte. Everyone should indulge in reading especially as a hobby. Emphasise and elaborate these points for a good presentation. Reading enables one to fill the mind with knowledge. The brain stays healthy through mental stimulation, stress-free, acquires vocabulary and boost memory skills. Ultimately, reading helps to better writing skills. Encourage them to step away from the computer for a little while, crack open a book, and replenish the mind for a little while. All the best and congratulations for your appointment. Kathleen WORD Bank emphasise – to stress stimulation – encouragement of something to make it develop or become more active boost – help or encourage to improve replenish – fill up again IDIOMS step away – literally to move or stay away crack open – to pick up a book and open up to read INFO CORNER Reading books is vital for learning new languages, as non-native speakers gain exposure to words used in context, which will ameliorate their own speaking and writing fluency. One can gain stronger analytical thinking skills e.g. determine ‘whodunnit’ by noting details and solving the mystery before finishing an amazing mystery book. 20 English SPM Part 1 – Short Communicative Message Model 13 Application for the Post of Receptionist You have passed the SPM and you are looking for a job. You come across the following advertisement in a local newspaper. Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. Star Travel Agency - requires RECEPTIONIST • Mature • Good communication skills • Able to converse in English, Bahasa Malaysia and Mandarin Interested parties please apply to our agency online. www.startravels.org.com Now write an email to the agency in about 80 words. Write your answer below. Model Answer To : [email protected] Subject : Application for the Post of Receptionist Dear Sir / Madam, Your advertisement in the Daily News is referred. I would like to apply for the post of receptionist. I have passed my SPM and I am looking for a job. I feel I should do well in your agency. I have good communication skills. As a student counsellor, I learned to communicate with students of different temperament. I am conversant in the three languages required. I hope to be called for an interview and please find attached a copy of my resume. I look forward to hearing from you. Yours sincerely, Tan Mee Teng 21 English SPM Part 1 – Short Communicative Message WORD Bank communication skills – able to relate or communicate well student counsellor – a student who helps the school counsellor in counselling students on minor issues temperament – a person’s nature or personality conversant – familiar or knowledgeable about something Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. INFO CORNER Letters / Emails to the Editor are sent to publications such as newspapers, magazines, and blogs by readers. These letters/emails are usually about issues that readers are concerned about. Comments and opinions could be critical, supportive or neutral. Model Application for the Post of Part-Time 14 Salesperson You have completed your SPM and you see the following advertisement in the newspaper and wish to apply for the job. Write a letter of application. BEST FOOD If you are looking to work as a salesperson, we look forward to having you in our company. We offer good career prospects and job security. You will be given on-the-job- training as the job only requires you to do sales in a shopping mall. Interested? Please apply to [email protected] Now write a formal email to apply for the job in about 80 words. Write your answer below. 22 English SPM Part 1 – Short Communicative Message Model Answer To : [email protected] Subject : Application for the Post of Salesperson Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. Dear Sir / Madam, Your advertisement New Star is referred. I am interested in working as a salesperson in your company. I have completed my SPM and am waiting for the results. I am sure that I will be able to do the work as a salesperson as I am mature and friendly. As the job involves working at a mall, it will suit me fine. I am able to converse in the three major languages and two dialects. So, I should not have problem with the sales work. I look forward to an interview at any time convenient to you. Yours sincerely, Cecilia Liu WORD Bank mature – fully developed and grown physically and mentally dialects – a particular form of a language which is peculiar to a specific region or social group. INFO CORNER Remember etiquette when emailing with admissions counsellors, scholarship sponsors and financial aid officers. Use formal language and a professional format. Don’t use a “cute” email address for important emails. Use business-like address. Make your email clear. A clear and concise format. 23 English SPM Part 1 – Short Communicative Message Model Application for the Post of Temporary 15 Pre-school Teacher You have just received your SPM results and intend to take up a diploma course in teaching. You come across an advertisement for a temporary pre-school teacher in a Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. kindergarten. My Play School We are a leading kindergarten that specialises in educating and taking care of young children before they enter formal education. We are looking for a reasponsible and caring preschool teacher on a temporary basis for six months. If you think you have the right aptitude and can fit into our curriculum, you are welcome to apply. Now write a formal email to apply for the post in about 80 words. Write your answer below Model Answer To : [email protected] Subject : Application for the Post of Pre-School Teacher (temporary) Dear Sir/Madam Your advertisement in the Daily News is referred. I feel I have the right aptitude and will be able to fit into your school curriculum as a pre-school teacher. I have completed the SPM results and am waiting to go for a diploma course in teaching in six months’ time. I will be comfortable to be a part of your staff as I have some experience teaching young children. I have helped out at a kindergarten during the long school holidays. I will be glad to introduce myself at an interview. Please find attached a copy of my resume. I look forward to hearing from you. Yours sincerely, Vivian Lee 24 English SPM Part 1 – Short Communicative Message WORD Bank right aptitude – correct attitude or capacity to learning school curriculum – lessons and academic content taught in a school resume – a document created and used by a person to present their background, skills, and accomplishments Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. INFO CORNER What is the difference between preschool and nursery school? Both preschools and nursery schools accept children between the ages of three and five, while nursery schools typically accept children both younger and older. Preschools tend to have a formal curriculum and trained teachers, though this increases their costs. Model 16 Application for the Post of Journalist You come across the following advertisement and would like to apply for the position of journalist. GREATPEACE Greatpeace South East Berhad, Kuala Lumpur www.greatpeace.org/seasia GREATPEACE NEEDS YOU Join our team if you: • like to talk with people • like adventure, local and foreign countries • want to be a journalist Applicants should be 21 years and above Young school leavers, college or university graduates are welcomed to apply. Interested candidates, kindly apply to www.greatpeace.org/seasia 25 English SPM Part 1 – Short Communicative Message Model Answer To : [email protected] Subject : Application for the Post of Journalist Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. Dear Sir/Madam, The advertisement above is referred. I would like to apply for the post of journalist. I obtained a Diploma in Journalism from the International College, Kuala Lumpur. Currently I am attached to a scuba diving company, Diver’s Den as a swimming and scuba diving instructor cum writer/editor for the company newsletter. I believe my skills and experience are in line with the requirements for the position advertised. I am confident I will do well as a journalist for Greatpeace based on my interest and achievements. I will be glad to introduce myself at an interview that will allow you to better evaluate my possible recruitment. Please find attached a copy of my resume. I look forward to hearing from you. Yours sincerely, Amelia Salleh WORD Bank journalist – a person who works in journalism to report the news currently – at the present time scuba diving – a mode of underwater diving where the diver uses a self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (scuba) instructor cum writer – combined with evaluate – form an idea, assess IDIOMS in line – in agreement with, suitable for INFO CORNER Top 10 Rules of Email Etiquette • Choose your subject wisely. • Don’t be sloppy in an attempt to be friendly. • Keep your emails organised. • Watch your grammar, spelling and • Reply to emails promptly. punctuation. • Delivery requests and sending receipts. • Avoid talking aimlessly in emails. • Send smaller files, compress them. 26 English SPM Part 3 – Story 3 Story Introduction Narrative essays are imaginative stories or accounts of experiences, it is easier to write about incidents one has experienced. Narratives that are written well will catch the interest of readers. In Part 3 SPM English, writing a review is one of the choices for the extended writing. Marks allocated is 20 and the number of words should be between 200 and 250 words. Step by S tep 1. A title stating the gist of the narrative • describe the setting or title of the narrative is provided. • use direct speech Sometimes, a series of words to start • use drama (words provided in the or end a story may be provided. question) • use a proverb or saying 2. Identify the type of incident you have to narrate based on the notes given. 8. Introduce the setting, time of incident and characters of the story as mentioned 3. A narrative composition has a format in the notes provided. with certain features: • Beginning/Opening 9. Add details to enhance the description – introduction of plot, setting and of the setting or background of the 6. Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. characters story. • Development of story – Rising action : events leading to 10. Make sure the story has a logical climax conclusion as it here the reader it told – Climax : important and exciting part how everything works out. – Falling action : events after the climax 11. The point of view in narrative essays • Conclusion – Resolution : brings story is usually in the first person. Read the to a close notes carefully to be sure of the point of view. 4. Study the notes provided. Understand the theme of the story and plan your 12. Most narratives are about past story. experiences and so should be in the past tense. 5. The notes should give you the chronology of events. Expand on the 13. Use direct speech wherever possible to notes by mind-mapping. make the account interesting but do not overdo it. Punctuate correctly. Organise the details to link the points for a smooth flow of the story. 14. Be original and imaginative in your narrative. 7. Have a good introduction for the story. There are different ways to open a story 180 English SPM Part 3 – Story Model 101 My Endangered Flora and Fauna: Farewell! Write your answer in 200 – 250 words in an appropriate style. Your teacher has asked you to write a story for the school magazine. The story must be Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. on the theme of endangered local flora and fauna. My Endangered Flora and Fauna: Farewell! Your story should include: • how and where you saw flora and fauna • description of sight and sounds Write your story. • Firefly spotting mission: • Rafflesia Flower and • A Wildlife and Fireflies on a bush – torchlight Pitcher Plant Sunset Cruise, Kawa and leaf to entice • Bonding with Nature: Kawa River fireflies Farewell • Upstream in motorboat • 3 Kota Kinabalu • Endangered Animals / National Park Trails Plants Model Answer Endangered Flora and Fauna : Farewell! My parents, brother and I signed up with Amazing Borneo Tours to sample a Wildlife and Fireflies Sunset cruise on the Kawa Kawa River, the Little Kinabatangan. Introduction From the jetty, we headed upriver in a small motorboat. • A Wildlife and We stood, open-mouthed as we spied a family of “big- Fireflies Sunset nosed” proboscis monkeys hanging out in a tree close to Cruise, Kawa Kawa River – upstream – the river with a large male sitting with its legs crossed proboscis monkeys and pot-belly hanging out. Nicknamed in Indonesian as “Orang Belanda” (Dutchman) the monkeys resembling the Dutch colonists with their pot-bellies and big noses, are really frighteningly human in their mannerisms. 181 English SPM Part 3 – Story After dinner, we embarked on our firefly-spotting mission. Upstream, we saw a bush completely alight with Body • firefly spotting fireflies. The boat guide cleverly used a flashlight and a • torchlight and leaf leaf to entice a few fireflies to leave their bush and fly to entice fireflies into our boat. When the glowing fireflies landed on our hands, faces and life jackets, we were thrilled, speechless. Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. The next day, we hiked up the trails to the Botanical Gardens, looking out for butterflies and birds, exploring • Kota Kinabalu the rugged trails and staring up into the massive towering National Park Trails trees at Kinabalu National Park, Malaysia’s first World UNESCO heritage site. We set off for the Poring Hot Springs famous for its 40-metre high Canopy Walkway. After lunch, we went off in search of the famous endangered Rafflesia flower and the pitcher plant. We • Rafflesia Flower found specially tended plants. The Rafflesia is the world’s and Pitcher Plant largest rarest flower, with a distinctive odour, lasting only two to three days. The “periuk kera” has a pitcher able to hold up to 3.5 litres of liquid. • Bonding with We had a wonderful holiday, bonding with nature. Nature: Farewell Goodbye, my animal and plant friends! WORD Bank to sample – to experience mannerisms – traits to entice – to lure, to attract rugged – rough distinctive – particular, characteristic, clear Model Nenek’s Checklist Prior to Covid-19 102 Vaccination Write your answer in 200 – 250 words in an appropriate style. Your teacher has asked you to write a story for a Health Club Newsletter. The story must be linked to the nationwide Covid-19 vaccination drive. 182 English SPM Part 3 – Story Nenek’s Checklist Prior to Covid-19 Vaccination Your story should include: • Notification on MySejahtera – preparations • Basic SOP / MCO / CMCO / RMCO / EMCO – Basic practices – Different SOPs Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. Write your story. • A notification on MySejahtera: Confirmed Appointment Date • Basic SOP / MCO / CMCO / RMCO / EMCO – Basic practices – Different SOPs • Preparation prior to Vaccination • Samples of Medications • Listing medicines, dosage and medical problems • Information for medical personnel • Day Before: Sleep early • Appointment Day: Breakfast well • Wear mask, comfortable attire and foot wear Mobile • Bring along a flask of warm water and snacks • Stay calm Model Answer Nenek’s Checklist Prior to Covid-19 Vaccination Granddaughter: Nek, I notice a notification on Introduction your MySejahtera. The date for your first vaccination • MySejahtera notify dose is updated. It’s good you are free on that date. Shall confirmed jab appointment date I respond by clicking and confirming the date? Nek, it’s all confirmed. Nek, there are basic SOPs for the public during MCO, CMCO, RMCO and EMCO. Each type has its specific rules. In general, though, there are basic Body practices when in public or even at home: Wear a • Basic SOP / MCO / CMCO / RMCO / mask, Safe Distancing, Register manually or Scan with EMCO MySejahtera at any outlet, Scan to measure temperature, • Basic practices Sanitize hands. On returning home, wash hands and face • Different SOPs with soap. Take a bath too, Under Conditional, Recovery or Enhanced MCO, SOPs differ slightly or are similar for all social and economic activities. 183 English SPM Part 3 – Story • Preparation prior to Vaccination Grandmother: What about my medicines? Samples of Granddaughter: I shall set aside the meds after Medications labelling the medications then pack the meds separately. • Listing medicines, I shall list the medications and dosage under the medical dosage and medical problems ailment, adding additional information, where necessary. Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. • Information for The list and the meds will be in a bag which Nek brings medical personnel to the Vaccination Centre to show the doctor. • Day Before: Sleep The night before, please free your mind and sleep early • Appointment Day: as usual, On the morning of the appointment, please Breakfast well breakfast well. Bring the bag with the meds and list, • Wear mask, a flask of hot water and some snacks. At the Centre, comfortable attire and foot wear scan MySejahtera and register. Use a medical mask, Mobile scannng comfortable clothes and footwear. Don’t forget your • Bring along a flask mobile for checking-in, registering, confirming and taking of warm water and snapshots. Be calm. snacks Stay calm WORD Bank MySejahtera – an application developed by the Government of Malaysia to assist in managing the COVID-19 outbreaks in the country. It allows users to perform health self-assessment on themselves and their family members, monitor their health progress throughout the COVID-19 outbreak. MySejahtera also enables the Ministry of Health, Malaysia (MOH) to monitor users’ health conditions and to facilitate contact tracing for Covid-19 so they can take immediate action in providing the treatment required. MySejahtera is also the official channel that supports the National COVID-19 Immunization Programme by the Government of Malaysia that offers vaccination registration, appointment, and issuance of COVID-19 Immunization Digital Certificate. SOPs – Standard Operating Procedures MCO – Movement Control Order CMCO – Conditional Movement Control Order RMCO – Recovery Movement Control Order EMCO – Extended Movement Control order dosage – the size and frequency of medications to be taken 184 English SPM Part 3 – Story Model 103 Nature’s Fury Write your answer in 200 – 250 words in an appropriate style. Your teacher asked you to write a story for your form newsletter. The story must have Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. the title: Nature’s Fury. Your story should include: • a description of Nature’s Fury • the catastrophes : the action and solutions Write your story. • Setting / Plot • Survival course – a • Cold gloomy night seaside resort • Wind, thunder, lightning • Tree struck lightning, No lives lost • Waves trapped teenager - rescue • Missing child Model Answer Nature’s Fury It was a cold, gloomy night with the howling wind, Introduction • The weather the rumbling thunder, the flashes of lightning and the incessant pounding of the waves. Ten of us were at a survival course holed up at Body • Setting an isolated seaside resort. We were all set for our next • Plot activity: A Treasure Hunt but the inclement weather paid woe to our plan. Incident 1 Suddenly, a commotion came from the kitchen, • Lightning followed by cries of help. The distraught-looking chef • Tree came running into the lounge. It seemed lightning had • Kitchen • Trapped Victim struck a tree causing it to collapse through the kitchen • Rescue roof and landing on his son. The unfortunate son was 185 English SPM Part 3 – Story trapped under the tree and the debris. We sprang into action to rescue the victim of nature’s fury. The kitchen was a mess with broken tiles, twigs, leaves and branches. The teenager’s legs were pinned down by the trunk. He was bleeding profusely from a forehead gash. We Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. extricated the crying boy from under the tree. He was given first-aid treatment on being freed. Before we could heave a sigh of relief that one catastrophe had been solved, another loomed when an ashen-faced housemaid said her ten-year brother had Incident 2 gone missing. The manager suggested a search party. • Missing child We combed the beach in the rain. We spied the curly • Search party • Found black-haired head of a frightened boy taking shelter in a marooned boat. The two siblings hugged each other tightly, one glad to be saved and the other relieved he was safe. The thunderstorm had not abated though it seemed Conclusion to be easing off. But we were all relieved that despite • Easing of thunderstorm the two unexpected incidents, no lives were lost. Nature • No lives lost played havoc with destiny. WORD Bank IDIOMS incessant – non stop paid woe to our plans – upset the plans distraught-looking – worried looking ashen- faced – face which is pale or white INFO CORNER Global Warming and Climate Change With widespread environmental issues, temperatures have been falling with ice melting at the Poles, with unexplained unexpected weather changes. 186 English SPM Part 3 – Story Model 104 A First Timer’s Nerves Write your answer in 200 – 250 words in an appropriate style. Your teacher has asked you to write a story about a friend’s first stage appearance. The Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. story must have the title: A First Timer’s Nerves Your story should include: • the performance • feelings and emotions before, during and after event Write your story. Model Answer A First Timer’s Nerves Introduction My aunt secretly entered me for a Talent Contest. • Event She wanted me to prove I was a born nightingale. She • Talent Contest had even enrolled me in vocal music classes. It was the momentous day of the Songbird Contest. Backstage, while waiting for my name to be Body announced, I had rushed for the fifth time to the ladies • Pre-stage • Nervousness because of the butterflies in the stomach, cold feet and • Explanation hands. My heart was beating very fast. Fortunately, my • Examples best friend was in the audience and so were my siblings. They were rooting for me. I heard the MC calling out my name “Mandy Song”. Somehow, despite my shaking knees and trembling feet, I walked confidently onto the centre of the stage. I • On stage emotions gasped inwardly as I saw a sea of strange faces. I was an and feelings unseen bundle of nerves. As I recalled my best friend’s • Explanation • Performance encouraging words, a calming inner voice removed my nervousness. Magically, a surge of confidence filled me as I sang the first line. Effortlessly I sailed through the lyrics without missing a beat or dropping a word, keeping 187 English SPM Part 3 – Story excellently with the tempo and rhythm. It was my first public stage performance. I made it! I had debuted non- professionally. A thunderous applause reverberated in the hall. I • Exiting stage was shocked at the response. I smiled broadly as I bowed Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. • Applause to the audience and exited the stage. Conclusion What a relief! I had overcome a first timer’s nerves. • Relief I felt a sense of pride and joy as I knew I had surpassed • Pride/Joy • Sense of my own expectations. I gave myself a pat on the back. achievement WORD Bank IDIOMS momentous – important butterflies in the stomach – feeling extremely nervous reverberated – sounded bundle of nerves – thoroughly afraid surpassed – exceeded INFO CORNER A debut is the first stage performance of a person usually in a professional capacity as an artiste. Model 105 Gosh! It was Friday The 13th! Write your answer in 200 – 250 words in an appropriate style. Your teacher has asked you to write a story for a school magazine. The story must have the title: Gosh! It was Friday The 13th! Your story should include: • recalling the date and the catastrophic events • realisation after looking at calendar in kitchen Write your story. 188 English SPM Part 3 – Story Model Answer Gosh! It was Friday the 13th! Angel’s Point of View Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. If only I had remembered that it was Friday the Introduction • Practical - Nature 13th. I was not superstitious, believing that Friday the vs Superstitious 13th was rubbish. But I would never forget Friday the Beliefs 13th of November 2020. I woke up to my cell phone’s ringing. It was from Body my brother in Singapore. I had couriered him his stamp Mishap 1 albums. “There’s no need to thank me …..” Instead I • Phone call from brother in received an ear-splitting blast. “Are you trying to sabotage Singapore - Sent me? I asked for the albums ‘I’ for International, instead him wrong stamp albums you sent ‘In” for India. I can’t complete my project due • Brother angry - Had tomorrow. Do it now and this time, get it right!” The to courier correct albums mobile went dead. I ran to his room, retrieved the correct albums, triple-checking and ran to the courier office. Meantime, while anxiously waiting for the SMS from Singapore, I decided to help Mum with the laundry. Mishap 2 I gathered all the soiled clothes and dumped them into • Did Laundry • Clothes not the washing machine. Belatedly, I realized I did not separated separate the whites from the coloured. I saw the clothes • All were coloured Had to salvage in various hues of the rainbow in the machine. I unloaded the wash, separated the clothes and salvaged them with special detergent. Didn’t disasters come in threes? Exhausted by the • Stepped on skates manual sorting of the clothes, I stood up and stepped on • Lost balance my skates. I lost my balance, went sliding forward and • Twisted ankle landed flat on my face, twisting my ankle. I saw the date. Mum had circled it red! Friday the Conclusion • Date circled in red 13th. Was that the reason for all the mishaps? I had to • Caution be extra careful. The day had not ended yet! 189 English SPM Part 3 – Story INFO CORNER The fear of Friday the 13th is known as paraskevidekatriaphobia. The definition of superstitious is believing in beliefs that do not have grounds in logic and reason in the physical world. An example of a superstitious person is someone who believes that black cats and the number 13 are unlucky. Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. Ten Common Superstitions Those bringing Good Luck : Itchy palm (Money), Finding a horse shoe, Tossing spilled salt over your shoulder, Saying “Bless you” when you sneeze. Those bring Bad Luck : Friday the 13th, walking under a ladder, Opening an umbrella indoors, Reversing Bad Luck : Knock twice on wood. Model 106 The Helping Hand - Keong’s Point of View Write your answer in 200 – 250 words in an appropriate style. Your teacher has asked you to write a story for a school magazine. The story must have the title: The Helping Hand - Keong’s Point of View Your story should include: • two strangers first meeting • teaching young friend how to play chess: challenging situation Write your story. Model Answer The Helping Hand - Keong’s Point of View Introduction My father decided to pack me off to the backwoods • Holidaying in a rubber estate to taste country life during the holidays. In the bus to Uncle Kim’s rubber estate, I sat beside a quiet Indian boy who introduced himself as Body Ramesh Siva. As I played solitaire chess, I explained • In the bus the pieces and the moves to Ramesh. The bus stopped • Keong and Ramesh at a T- junction. To my surprise, Ramesh alighted too. I • Same destination heard Ramesh crying out ‘Patin’. Uncle Kim introduced me to his elderly housekeeper, Patin Usha, Ramesh’s grandmother. 190 English SPM Part 3 – Story After lunch, Ramesh and I trailed behind Uncle Kim, Manager Ahmad and Supervisor Bala as we toured the estate. Uncle Kim told me I was to accompany them at the crack of dawn to pick up some know-how of • At rubber estate estate work. Ramesh could tag along. After dinner, I Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. • Tour and Plans • Keong taught took out my chess set and Ramesh stood expectantly Ramesh how to beside me. “Do you want to learn how to play chess?” play chess • Patin grateful He nodded. I started with the King and before I could continue, Ramesh rattled off the names of the other pieces and their moves. Patin thanked me for treating Ramesh like an ordinary teenager, unlike a mentally challenged autistic person. Days passed into weeks as Ramesh and I did estates chores on weekdays while weekends were free • Estate chores days to either work or play. In the evenings, I tutored • Chess lessons • Interesting and Ramesh in chess. He was a quick learner. He picked up challenging strategies. Many-a-time he outwitted me and won. It • Ramesh quick learner became a challenge coaching him: an autistic child. He was a skilful analytical player, constantly checking and checkmating me. Conclusion In coaching Ramesh and mentoring him into a • Keong’s potential chess champion, I too went beyond my limits. experience WORD Bank backwoods – rural or countryside IDIOMS solitaire chess – playing chess against oneself Patin – Grandmother (Indian title) the crack of dawn – early in the trailed – followed morning, usually before sunrise potential – future INFO CORNER In a standard game of chess played on a chess board, each of the two players begins a game with the following 16 pieces: 1 King, I Queen, 2 Rooks, 2 Bishops, 2 Knights and 8 Pawns. Each chess piece moves, captures and checkmates differently. 191 SUCCESS SUCCESS Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved. U C S SUCCESS MODEL S S C E SUCCESS MODEL JC108222 SUCCESS MODEL ESSAYS Form 4 5 ESSAYS SPM • This book is designed to help pupils improve their writing SUCCESS MODEL skills. From the interpretation of the question to the planning and writing process, the reader is guided step by step in three main parts called Short Communicative Message, SUCCESS MODEL ESSAYS Guided Writing and Extended Writing. Each Model Essay ESSAYS illustrates the process of developing ideas into an essay by ESSAYS putting into practice simple yet invaluable principles of essay writing. CEFR Though aimed at SPM students, this book is also suitable for -Aligned Form • anyone who wants to write well. SPM 4 5 Christine Tan KSSM SPM Purchase Yong Fui Yin eBook here! Ch’ng Teik Peng NEW SPM Assessment Zeti Aqmar Alpikri Format 2021 • Covers 3 parts of the SPM Writing paper www.PelangiBooks.com • Online Bookstore • Online Library • • Step-by-step guide for different essay types PelangiBooks • Word Bank & Idioms for Vocab Enrichment WM:RM18.95 / EM:RM18.95 JC108222 • Tips & Techniques for each section ISBN 978-967-2720-21-8 • Wide Scope of Model Essays

Dennis G. Zill

Travel, Money, Pets Et Cetera

5 Email Essay Spm example – Informal Email

Informal emails are suitable for communicating with acquaintances, friends, or colleagues you share a close relationship with, allowing you to express yourself more freely and naturally compared to formal or business communication. However, it’s essential to be mindful of the context and the nature of your relationship with the recipient to ensure that the tone and content of your email are appropriate. Certainly, here is an example of an email essay for the SPM (Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia) examination:

To: [email protected]

Subject: Activities during free time

Dear Ahmad,

It’s great to hear from you.

I agree, watching TV is tiresome. These days, I’m into gardening. My sister and I tried planting a flowering plant a few months ago. Seeing it grow made me feel delighted. Since then, we turned the empty lawn into a garden. Why don’t you try it as well?

If you want something to di indoor, you could try playing online games. My brother loves it. He said it’s fun and exciting.

I hope this will be of help. Write to me as soon as you can and tell me what to do.

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To: [email protected]

Subject: Ways to take care of the environment, let’s go green.

Hi Sonali Bendre,

It’s good to hear that your family has jumped on the recycling bandwagon.

There are few things you can do to take care of the environment. You should switch off and unplug any electrical appliances when not use. When you leave a room, make sure to swich off the lights and fans. This can help to reduce carbon emission.

Additionally, you should use a green bag instead of a plastic bag when shopping. Keep away from using straws too. Both of these cannot be recycled.

Hope this has helped.

Sincerely, Raju Chandran

To: [email protected]              

Subject: The best way to go to Kuala Terengganu – by Car or flight

Dear Monalisa

In my opinion, going to Kota Bharu by car is better than taking a flight. Although it will take longer hours, it is economical. Your parents only need to pay for the toll and fuel which are cheaper compared to the flight tickets. Moreover, your family won’t have to worry about renting a car once you have arrived in Kuala Terengganu.

As for me, my family do not have any plans yet for the holidays. But I do hope we will get to go to the beach.

I hope I have helped you.

Love, Rashidah

To: [email protected]

Subject: Malaysia Day Celebration: Singing and Dancing Activities

Hello Melissa Saila,

My suggestion for the Malaysia Day celebration would be Dancing dan Singing competition. This activity will help the students know the patriotic songs besides showing off their hidden talents. Over and above that, the students will also get the opportunity to show their creativity in composing songs and delivering them to the audience. They can dress up as freedom fighters or national leaders. I am pretty sure the students will enjoy it.

I hope this suggestion will help you to organise the day. See you later.

Nationalist Latifah Omar

Email Essay Spm example Email Essay Spm example

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Email/Letter Writing Exercises & Examples Menu

Below you will find listed all the different online exercises and examples of emails in English that we have. These exercises and exmples will help you learn or improve how your ability to write many different types of emails and letters in English.

For each exercise there is a description of what it is about and what level of English you need to do it (from 'lower-intermediate' to 'advanced').

To do or look at an exercise/example, simply click on the title of the exercise/example.

• How to Write a Formal Email of Request Level: Upper-Intermediate Learn both how to write and what vocabulary and phrases to use in a formal email/letter of request where you have had contact with the person before.
• How to Write a Business Email of Request to Someone you Have Not Had Contact with Before Level: Upper-Intermediate Learn both how to write and what vocabulary and phrases to use in a formal email/letter of request where you have had no contact with the person before.
• Can't Attend a Meeting Email Level: Intermediate Introduces vocabulary to politely say you can't attend an event (e.g. Meeting, Presentation etc...).
• How to Write a Business Email of Invitation Level: Intermediate This exercise looks at the English vocabulary and phrases used for writing for both formal and less formal business emails of invitation.
• Formal Email of Response Level: Upper-Intermediate Learn both how to write and what vocabulary and phrases to use in a formal email/letter of response.
• How to Write a Business Update Email Level: Upper-Intermediate Learn how to write (with an example) and what to and what not to write in a good general business update email.
• How to Write an Email of Reassurance to a Customer Level: Upper-Intermediate Shows and explains what you need to do to write good emails of reassurance to a customer or business client.
• Linkers for Writing Business Emails: Part 1 Level: Intermediate The first of two exercises on learning advanced/professional linking vocabulary to improve your business emails in English.
• Linkers for Writing Business Emails: Part 2 Level: Intermediate The second of two exercises on learning advanced/professional linking vocabulary to improve your business emails in English.
• How to Write an Email to a Friend you Haven't Contacted in a Long Time Level: Intermediate Shows and explains what you need to do to write better emails to friends in English quicker and easier.
• Business & Formal English Vocabulary for Writing Level: All Levels Improve quickly and easily the vocabulary you use in all your pieces of writing with this list of formal and professional synonyms of commonly used English words and phrases.
• Business Email Examples Level: All Levels Not an exercise, but examples of 17 different types of business emails in English.
• Essential Email Vocabulary Level: Lower-Intermediate Shows and explains the vocabulary for the titles of people in a email/letter and how to say an email address.
• How to Start an Email Level: Intermediate Learn what to say and what vocabulary and phrases to use in the opening part of an email/letter.
• How to End/Close an Email Level: Intermediate Learn what to say and what vocabulary and phrases to use in the closing part of an email/letter.
• Informal Business Email of Request Level: Intermediate Learn both how to write and what vocabulary and phrases to use in a neutral or less formal email of request.
• Informal Business Email of Response Level: Intermediate Learn both how to write and what vocabulary and phrases to use in a less formal email of response.
• How to Write an Email of Complaint Level: Upper-Intermediate Learn both how to write and what vocabulary and phrases to use in a formal written complaint.
• Email of Apology Level: Upper-Intermediate Learn both how to write and what vocabulary and phrases to use in a formal written apology.
• How to Disagree in an Email Level: Upper-Intermediate Learn how to politely disagree with somebody by email/letter in English and what formal vocabulary/phrases you can use to do it.
• How to Give Bad News in a Business Email Level: Intermediate Learn the best way to give bad news in business emails or letters.
• How to Ask Somebody to Help You in an Email Level: Intermediate This exercise looks at how to ask somebody for help in an email.
• How to Write an Email to Thank Somebody Level: Intermediate This exercise looks at the structure, English vocabulary and phrases used for writing serveral types of business emails of thanks.
• How to Write an Email to Make Somebody Attend a Meeting Level: Upper-Intermediate This exercise explains how to persuade somebody by email to attend a meeting they said they couldn't go to.
• Sales Follow-Up Email Examples & Exercise Level: Upper-Intermediate This exercise looks at the vocabulary/phrases used in good sales follow-up emails to both business and non-business customers.
• Sales Follow-Up Emails: After a Customer Order Level: Upper-Intermediate This exercise explains how to write a good sales follow-up email to a customer after they have bought or ordered something from you.
• How to Write a Business Email of Proposal Level: Upper-Intermediate This exercise looks at both the structure and the vocabulary you should use to write a persuasive business proposal in an email.
• How to Write Business Reports Level: Advanced This exercise explains how to write, structure and what to include in a business report.
• Vocabulary to Use when Writing Business Reports in English Level: Upper-Intermediate This exercise shows you professional and formal English words and phrases to use in business reports.
• Writing an Email of Feedback: Giving Feedback Level: Upper-Intermediate This exercise looks at both the structure and the vocabulary you should use when you give feedback to somebody by email.
• How to Write a Business Email of Rejection Level: Upper-Intermediate This exercise looks at both the structure and the vocabulary you should use when writing a business email or letter of rejection to somebody.
• Writing an Essay: Choosing What to Write About Level: Intermediate This exercise on writing essays explains what to do to select the best reasons to use when writing an essay.
• Writing an Essay: How to Structure an Essay Level: Intermediate This exercise on writing essays explains what you need to do to structure a good essay and why it is important.
• Writing an Essay: Phrases to Use in your Essays Part 1 Level: Intermediate In this first of two exercises on writing essays, you'll learn professional words and phrases/expressions that you can use in your own essays.
• Writing an Essay: Phrases to Use in your Essays Part 2 Level: Intermediate In this second of two exercises on writing essays, you'll learn more professional words and phrases/expressions that you can use in your own essays.

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Home / Formal email writing examples & tips

25 formal email writing format examples & best practices

Get professional email writing formats proven to work in real life. See top formal email examples and learn professional email best practices.

Professional email writing is a skill that comes in handy throughout your day-to-day – whether it’s communicating in the professional context, or managing your personal life. Using the right formal email writing format and best practices can get you understood, heard, and better respected.

The good news is that once you have the right examples for the right contexts, you can easily adjust the text to get your message across. Luckily, we’ve rounded up our favorite tips for creating and structuring effective formal emails, with helpful examples and templates.

Let’s dive in!

What’s in this article

Formal vs. informal email writing

• Basic formal email structure

Thank you email

Formal letter of appreciation, letter of complaint, cover letter, reminder email, letter of apology for a client, apology letter from boss.

• Apology mail for the manager
• Introduction email to client (outreach)
• Sample email for proposal submission

Proposal submission email

• Quotation email

Email asking for feedback

Email of inquiry requesting information, email asking for a status update, sick leave mail format, letter asking for a discount from the supplier, ask for a raise, email your boss about a problem (asking for help), email to schedule a meeting.

• Email to the client sharing the status of project
• Email to the boss about work progress

Acceptance email

“this is to inform you that” letter, job rejection email, aesthetics of a formal email.

• How to improve your email writing skills

Formal email writing is utilized in a B2B or B2C scenario, where you’re exchanging professional emails with colleagues, businesses, or partners. Informal email writing is the style you’d likely use when corresponding with a friend or family member, or even a quick email to a colleague.

When you’re emailing a friend, there’s less on the line if you get your words or meaning wrong. But when writing a business email there is much more at stake. A crucial mistake could hurt your reputation or wreck an incredible business opportunity.

That’s why we’ve decided to cover the best practices of formal email writing, so that you can get it right every time.

We’ll review the ins and outs of email structure, different email formats you can use, as well as short email templates that you can use in various scenarios. Keep reading to learn how to write the perfect email.

Basic formal & professional email structure

Before we get into different email templates, it’s important to know how to build an email yourself. For the most part, every email, regardless of its contents, will follow the same structure with the same basic elements. You should get to know these elements in order to ensure proper and effective email writing as a whole.

The basic elements of professional email writing:

• Your email address
• Subject line
• Email opening
• Email ending
• Email sign-off
• Email signature, or “footer”

Now let’s break these down, one by one:

1. Start with a professional email address

Your email address is often out of your control. If you work for a company, or operate under the umbrella of a brand, your email address will likely include the company or brand name domain.

For example, the emails in WiseStamp are all in the following format: [employee_name]@wisestamp.com. This ensures that we all have a professional business email address. Since only the owner of wisestamp.com can issue email addresses under that domain name, this ensures our emails appear legitimate.

Imagine if each employee had a random Gmail address like [name][email protected]. Anyone can create that email, which would make it suspicious. Email open rates are first and foremost dependent on trust, so make sure you have a trustworthy email address—otherwise suffer very low open rates.

If you are a freelancer professional, working separately from an established brand, consider buying a domain name for your personal brand. You can look up available domains on Google domain registrar .

2. Email subject lines

Your subject line will be the single most important element in your formal email writing. It is the first thing your recipient will see, so your goal here is to convince them that your email is a safe, relevant, and high priority (in that order). If you don’t succeed in doing that, your email may never be opened, and any effort you put into the rest of the email elements will go to waste.

Your subject line will depend on the purpose or content of your email, but overall, you want it to be something engaging enough for a recipient to click on.

Email writing subject line guidelines:

• Be clear and specific : Avoid using generic or clickbait subject lines that say little or make unrealistic promises, like “Find out how to double your business in a week!”
• Be original : Avoid the overused subject line templates you find on the internet. Instead, make original subject lines that are relevant, personal, and concise.
• Add relevance : Address something that the recipient will recognize, like an acquaintance’s name or an article, show or book they appeared on.

Studies have shown that personalized subject lines are 26% more likely to be opened. You also want to tailor your email subject line to your email goal, whether it’s a sales email, a personal email, a newsletter, or something else. Think of 3-4 refined options then narrow them down to which will likely be most appropriate.

3. Email opening

The next most important way to hook a recipient into your email is by writing a strong email opening line . Like your subject line, the email opening is mostly used as another filtering stage for most people. If it fails to meet the promise made in the subject line, your readers will bail.

Therefore, it’s extremely important to state your main point in 1 to 2 paragraphs, tops. When you clearly convey your request or question, and your reader feels it’s relevant and interesting, they’ll continue reading your email. If you manage to get them to stay beyond this point, then in most cases, they’ll reply to your email. Good for you!

Email writing opening guidelines:

• Address your recipient by their preferred name : Look up an article they’ve written or their LinkedIn page for reference. Some people will use their full name or their nickname accordingly. For example David might go by Dave, or Anastasia goes by Ana.
• Establish a connection : In your email, reference a personal experience that involves the recipient, like an article or a news piece you’ve read about them, or a conversation you had with an acquaintance.
• Match the opening with the subject line : Your opening message has to mirror the promise made in the subject line because this is how the reader determines whether your email is relevant or not. If you don’t connect the subject line to the opening, readers may get confused or even assume that you’re using clickbait.
• Get to the point fast : Tell your reader why you reached out and what’s in it for them.

4. Email body

The body of your email is where you get into your main message. Whether you’re composing an email to establish a new business connection or just following up on a meeting, the body of your email should be detailed enough that the reader isn’t confused, but also brief and to the point. No one wants to sit and read a long-winded email when they have dozens of other unattended messages in their inbox.

Email body writing guidelines:

• Be concise and detail only what’s needed to get your point across.
• Use words that convey (authentic) positive personal emotions , like “glad,” “excited,” “intrigued,” and “confident.”
• Use the word “because ” when asking for something. It’s been scientifically shown that people are more easily convinced to do something if told why, and even more so if the reason is important to them.
• Show, don’t tell . If you can’t explain something in a few words, see if you can add a screenshot, a video, or a link that explains it better.
• Use headings to split long content into sub-topics . If you can’t avoid writing a long email, make sure to break it up into subsections with headings. This will help your time-scarce readers to scan and find their points of interest.
• Add your concrete request or question in bold text . To best ensure your readers do not miss the most important piece of content (i.e. your request or question), add it to a separate line, in bold. You can also use a different color, if that works for your brand. Just be sure to avoid light shades for a high contrast between the text and the white background. Oh, and once you pick a color—stick to it throughout your email!

5. Email ending

After you’ve addressed all your main points in the body of your email, you’ll want to add a respectful and brief conclusion. You can either invite your recipient to reach out for more questions, wish them success, or ask a question. It all depends on the motive for your email. If it was a long email it could also be a good idea to gently reiterate your main request, question, or motivation.

6. Email sign-off

When closing your email, choose a suitable email sign-off . There are different sign-offs you can use for each occasion, such as “best regards,” “sincerely,” or “with love.” Use your best judgement on which to use that best suits your email content and recipient. For example, you obviously wouldn’t want to send the last one to your manager!

A cool tip you can apply is to add a handwritten signature sign off. A handwritten signature give your recipient the feeling that you gave the email special attention and a personal touch. You can create one here .

7. Email signature / footer

Your email signature (or footer) is your wave goodbye, and the way you do it seals the impression you’ve made up to this point. Make this moment memorable, organized, and aesthetic, and you can get some extra credit and a positive attitude from your reader. A messy, disorganized signature is at best an opportunity lost, and at worst, a discredit to your image.

Consider creating a professional email signature to nail a positive lasting impression. Use the simple text email signature we all used back when email started at your discretion. Whichever you choose, be sure to include all your professional and contact information. You should also add links to your website, social media sites you are most active in, or a landing page.

Professional formal email examples: specific formats for specific goals & uses

To better understand how all the elements of an email work together in different types of emails, let’s look at some templates. These letters are suitable for a number of email scenarios, so tweak the content to make it more relevant to your needs.

See our examples of the most common email writing formats:

Apology letters samples:, sample business emails (b2b and b2c):, information inquiry letter samples:, request email samples – professional email asking for something:, work update email samples:, confirmation vs rejection email samples:.

A thank you email is usually one that you’ll send after previous communication with someone. You might want to thank them for their help on a project, for fulfilling your personal request that you previously sent, for a job interview, or even for something as simple as taking a phone call or a meeting.

When composing a thank you email, you don’t want it to be too long, so get straight to the point. Also, this type of email isn’t always necessary, and might even clutter up the inbox of someone who is very busy, so consider whether or not it will be useful for you before you click “Send” on a thank you message.

Thank you email for work done or service rendered

Thank you so much for [action they did] It was such a pleasure to work with you, and I’m look forward to the next opportunity to work together again.

Please don’t hesitate to contact me if I can provide any additional information.

Best regards, [name and job title]

Thank you email for a job interview

Dear [name of hiring manager],

I enjoyed speaking with you the other day during our interview for the [position title] at [company name]. The job appears to be an ideal match for my skills, ambitions, and interests.

The innovative approach to the corporate culture within the [job field] world confirmed my wish to work at your firm.

I will bring my engineering skills, assertiveness, and ability to engage others to work in a cooperative way within the [name of department] department.

Thank you, again, for your time, and I look forward to hearing your thoughts.

Best Regards,

Dear Mr./Mrs. [name],

I would like to formally recognize all the hard work and dedication you’ve put into completing [project/task]. Due to your consistent efforts, the project is what it is today and that led to the positive results we were hoping for. 

On behalf of [company name, board members, etc.], we would like to formally thank you for your hard work and we would like to let you know that we highly value your contribution and your continued dedication to your job.

We are very grateful to have you as a member of our team and we wish to continue to see you thrive within our organization.

Best regards,

[Name and job title]

Dear [name],

On January 30th, 2020, I made a reservation at your restaurant located at 1234 Mulberry Lane for a birthday dinner for four people. This letter is intended to bring certain issues to your attention.

Unfortunately, we did not enjoy our dinner due to the fact that the food was very slow to arrive and we received the wrong dishes. It’s understandable that it was a busy time at your restaurant, but the quality of the service was not as expected.

To resolve this problem, I would appreciate it if you could provide compensation in the form of a gift voucher or discount on a future meal. 

I’m looking forward to your reply.

With regards,

[Your name]

It used to be common to send your cover letter and CV as an attachment to your email. However, it’s becoming a lot more accepted to use the email itself as your cover letter and simply attach your CV.

When sending a cover letter email, make sure you’re using formal language, addressing the right person such as HR or the hiring manager, you use a relevant subject and opening line, and the body of your email demonstrates why you’d be a perfect fit for the job and company. Hiring managers likely receive dozens of email cover letters, be sure to make sure yours stands out and doesn’t drag on too long.

Cover letter example

Dear hiring manager [name],

I’m very interested while reading the job posting for the position of [job title]. I believe that the experience I have strongly match the responsibilities of this position. I am enthusiastic about submitting my application for the position.

My most recent position was at [company name], where I was a [job title name ]. Additionally, I recently participated in a [mention an accomplishment in your last job that is relevant]

I have attached my resume to this email. Thanks to it, I believe you will learn more about my experience, education, and achievements.

Looking forward to hearing from you,

The format of this type of email message will be different depending on whether it’s your first time reaching out to someone, or the second or third time. The main difference is that the first contact email has to include details that provide context.

When writing a reminder email or follow-up email you don’t need to provide a broad context. Instead, briefly remind your recipients of what you’ve both already agreed on, as it might have simply may been forgotten or placed low in their backlog.

This little push can go a long way in shortening your timetables and making sure you’re items are prioritized. Most people appreciate the reminder and respect you for being steadfast.

Reminder email sample

I’m sure your schedule is very busy, so this email is simply to remind you of your upcoming interview with [name] who is a candidate for [name of position].

The interview will be at [time] on [date] in [location].

Please let me know if there’s anything I can help you with to prepare to interview this candidate.

Apology letters samples

From time to time we all make mistakes, and we all get something wrong. Sometimes our mistakes hurt others, cause them discomfort, or make them frustrated. In these situations, it’s usually the right call to simply apologize.

Apologizing is something that must be sincere or you risk offending the person further. It’s always the best approach to express genuine regret.

But regardless of whatever you truly feel, be very careful to only use words that express empathy for whomever it is you’re apologizing to. Do not lay any responsibility on them, and do not give excuses.

Dear [client’s name],

Please accept my deepest apologies on behalf of [company or business name] for the poor experience you had at our restaurant.

I want to thank you for bringing these issues to my attention and please know that we are making every effort to correct our mistakes so events like these don’t happen in the future.

As a token of our apology, please accept a gift card in the amount of $50.00 that can be used at our restaurant in the future.

I hope to greet you again soon at [company or business name].

Yours sincerely,

[Your name and job title]

Dear Mr./Mrs. [boss’s family name],

I’m writing to you to express my regret for my behavior on [date] in regard to [event]. I would like to apologize for my words and actions and reassure you that such an event will not happen again.

On the date in question, I got into a verbal altercation with the head waiter about the scheduling, and this led to my inexcusable behavior. I have already apologized to [name of colleague], and I wanted to assure you that I will work to improve my reactions and behavior in the future.

I’d be happy to meet with you to speak about the incident further if you have any outstanding concerns.

I am sorry again.

Apology mail for manager

Dear [manager’s name],

I owe you an apology for providing you with the wrong information on [date] regarding [event]. It was not my intention to provide inaccurate or misleading information, and I apologize for any inconvenience that this careless mistake may have caused you.

I will be sure to be more thoughtful in the future and learn from this incident.

Please do not hesitate to share any thoughts or concerns with me. I’d be glad to discuss this further and make it right. 

Business email writing samples

Introduction email to a client (sample email to approach a new client).

Dear [Sir/Madame/Name],

I would like to take a moment to introduce myself and my company. My name is [name] and I am a [job title] at [company name]. Our company provides customers with cutting-edge technology for all their email signature needs.

At [company name], there are a number of services we can offer, such as [short list of services]. Our employees are also highly dedicated and are willing to help you with your every need. 

I’d love the opportunity to speak or meet with you to discuss your needs further and to tell you more about how [company name] can help you succeed. You can contact me at [phone number] with any questions you may have.

Dear [Name],

Please find enclosed to this email the proposal you requested regarding your website audit.

We hope that you will find this proposal helpful and insightful and that it meets your expectations. Of course, if you would like to make any adjustments or go in a different direction, feel free to let us know and we’d be happy to discuss with you.

Thank you for entrusting [your company name] with your website audit, and we hope to hear back from you soon.

Sending quotation email

Dear [customer name],

We’d like to thank you for sending in your inquiry on [date] regarding a quotation for auditing your website.

Based on an initial estimation, we are happy to offer you a quotation based on your requests. Please find the official pricing quote attached to this email. Note that this quotation includes [list of services], but should you want additional services, we’d be happy to discuss it further with you and provide another quotation.

Please do not hesitate to get back to us with any questions about the quotation or our services.

Hi [customer name],

We really appreciate you using our services on [date] and we’d like to get your feedback on your experience.

Please follow the link [insert link] to complete a short survey regarding your experience. This survey shouldn’t take any longer than 2 minutes and it will help us improve our products and services in the future.

We want to thank you in advance for your time and hope that you enjoyed your experience with [company name].

[Name and/or company name]

Inquiry letter samples

This email is to inquire about the website audit services you posted on your website. 

As I understand, you offer services to audit businesses’ websites and provide personalized insight into what improvements can be made. I’d like to request further information with regard to your pricing as well as the scope of the work that will be performed, including specific services that can be expected.

I look forward to receiving your response.

I wanted to check in and check on the status of the website audit project that is due on [date]. 

Please let me know where you’re at with the project and don’t hesitate to let me know if you require any assistance from my end.

Request email samples: professional email asking for something

A personal request email is usually straight to the point and involves a sender asking a recipient for something. It could be anything from connecting on a professional network, asking to set up a meeting, or even requesting a professional introduction. Following a personal request email, a recipient may decide to either accept or reject what the sender is asking for. In this type of email, it’s important to be very clear with what you’re asking for.

Hi [Name of manager/supervisor],

I am writing to request sick leave from [date range]. I will be undergoing surgery and at the recommendation of my doctor, I need to be off of work for 2 weeks in order to recover. I hope to be back at work on [date]. 

Please let me know if you have any questions.

Dear [name of the supplier],

Thank you for sending over your product catalog. We are very much interested in purchasing [name of the product(s)] from you and would like to get a quote for these items.

Additionally, we are hoping that this will lead to a prolonged partnership between the two of us. Therefore, we are kindly requesting that you provide us with your best possible price since we would like to use your goods on a permanent basis.

Thank you for your understanding.

Dear [Name of Manager/supervisor],

I have greatly enjoyed working for [company name] over the last 3 years. During these years, I feel that I have become a valuable member of your team and I have contributed to projects in a significant way. 

Since working here, I have accomplished: [list accomplishments].

As an employee, I think I have outperformed the goals set for me. As a result, I would like to have the opportunity to discuss increasing my salary so that it matches my current performance. Please let me know when is a good time for you to meet so that we can discuss this further.

Once again, I am grateful to be part of an organization that provides me with unique challenges and opportunities to continuously learn and grow.

Dear Mr./Mrs. [name of boss],

I would like to bring to your attention the incident that occurred at [location] on [date] at [time].

I was deeply upset by the actions of [coworker/event]. I tried to speak with them, but this did not lead to any sort of resolution and now I feel as if our professional relationship at work is strained as a result.

I am turning to you for assistance with the matter and I hope that you are able to come up with a solution that neither of us has thought of yet. 

Thank you for taking the matter seriously and please let me know if you have any questions or concerns.

Thanks for getting in touch with us about our product. I’d be glad to set up a meeting in order to give you more information, answer your questions, and show you how it can work for your business. Does [date] at [time] work for you?

I look forward to meeting with you soon!

Work update email

Email to the client sharing the status of the project.

Dear [name of client],

We’d like to keep you updated regarding the progress we’ve made on our project. Please have a look at the tasks we’ve accomplished below and do not hesitate to get back to me with any questions or concerns you may have.

Key highlights and updates:

• [list them]

Tasks accomplished this week:

Tasks to do next week :

Email the boss about work progress

Hi [name of boss],

I am happy to let you know that the project [name of project] that was assigned to me on [date] is now nearing completion. Due to the hard work of our team, the project is expected to be completed on time. Based on the pace of our work, I expect to have the entire project completed by [date].

The remaining elements of this project to be completed are as follows:

• [List them 1]
• [List them 2]
• [List them n]

Thank you for your continued support and guidance and please do not hesitate to get in touch with any questions.

Confirmation vs rejection email samples

You might get an email confirmation after you purchase something online, or you can also reply to a formal email confirming receipt of an email attachment, a meeting time, or a company update. A rejection email is similar in that it might reject the item that was proposed in an email, in which case you’d let the sender know.

It is my great pleasure to inform you that I will be accepting your offer for employment as [job title] with [company name]. The goals for this role that you described are in line with my personal career aspirations, and I hope to be able to learn and grow in this role.

As discussed in our previous meeting, my salary will be [salary] and I will be starting on [date].

I appreciate all the time you took to make the interviews as seamless as they were, and I look forward to working with you soon.

This is to inform you that your business proposal [title of the proposal] has unfortunately been rejected by our committee. While we did like your idea, unfortunately, the costs involved reach well beyond our budget for this quarter. 

We wish you the best of luck in your future endeavors and encourage you to submit additional proposals if you have others that are aligned with our goals.

Best of luck,

This is to inform you that I will not be proceeding in the interview process for [job title] with [company name]. I would like to formally withdraw my candidacy.

At this time, I have accepted a position with another company, so I am no longer in search of employment. However, I would like to sincerely thank you for taking the time to meet with me and for being attentive to my questions about the role. 

It was a pleasure meeting with you and I wish you luck in finding the right candidate for the job.

Before you even get started on the content of your email, you want to make sure the aesthetic is appealing and not too out of the ordinary. Of course, you want to capture the attention of your recipient, but you also want to appear professional, so keep the Comic Sans font out of the equation. What sort of aesthetics should you pay attention to in a formal email? Let’s take a look.

Choice of Font

Don’t start reinventing the wheel here. It’s better to go with a safe bet instead of a creative option when selecting a font. Choose a font that’s easy to read and skim, since if you’re sending a longer email it’s possible your recipient will just skim its contents. Therefore, you want to font to be clear and the letters to be far enough apart. We suggest going with fonts like Georgia, Verdana, Arial, or Times New Roman.

You don’t want your recipient to have to squint to read your email, but your text also shouldn’t appear as if it’s yelling either. Depending on the font you go with you might need to tweak the sizing a little, but in general, font size 12 is what you should be using. You can use size 10 or 11 as well, just make sure it doesn’t look too small before sending your email.

How do I improve my email writing skills?

There are a number of ways you can make your emails shine, and you don’t need to be a professional writer to do it. In fact, there are a few small areas you can focus on to make your emails clearer and more well-received. Here are a few things you should keep in mind when composing an email:

1. Optimize your email subject lines

Your subject line is the first thing a recipient sees when they receive your email. Therefore, it’s important that it’s optimized as much as possible. Keep these tips in mind when coming up with your subject line:

• Keep it short to no more than 40 characters
• Make it personal, use the recipient’s name if you have it
• Use a call to action, like “let’s set up a meeting today”
• Create a sense of urgency, such as “offer to expire soon”

2. Practice summarizing your main point for your email openings

Once you get your recipient to open your email, you don’t want to bore them right away. You have to keep things interesting, relevant, and straight to the point. That’s why it’s crucial to put your main point somewhere in the first sentence, or at least the first paragraph. 

While your opening line can be something general like “thank you for taking the time to meet with me,” the very next line should be something more powerful. Whether you ask for the results of a meeting, make a proposal, or initiate a follow-up meeting, this first sentence sets the tone of the rest of the email so the reader knows exactly what the subject is and what to expect from the rest of your message.

3. Research the correct email etiquette to use for your most common scenarios

When sending emails, especially formal or professional emails for work, it’s important to maintain email etiquette . Since many of us answer our emails on our phones while on the go, it’s tempting to reply to emails as we would a text message, but that’s not good practice.

4. Proofread for typos and grammar mistakes

Finally, always review your email before you click “Send.” Make sure your email is free of typos, punctuation errors (and that you’re not, for example, using too many exclamation points), and that your syntax is correct.

Also: don’t always rely on spell-checkers. While they’ve come a long way thanks to AI, they don’t always pickup errors where words are spelt correctly, yet used in the wrong context.

The best way to do this is to read your email out loud before sending, especially if it’s an important message to a superior or a client, as emails with grammar mistakes can potentially have a negative impact.

There are countless reasons for needing a formal email writing template. If we didn’t cover every single scenario here, we hope that you know at least have a better idea of what constitutes a good formal email. Using our tips and examples, you’ll be able to compose better emails that get you the results you want. 

More on this topic

• Mastering memo writing: essential tips and templates
• How to write a resignation letter: A comprehensive guide
• An Interview with Chatgpt: Can AI think outside of the box for email marketing?
• Email closings: The definitive guide
• Email blast marketing: Learn how to effectively promote your brand
• Email management: : Proven Tips for Boosting Productivity
• Various best regards alternatives for email closing
• How to get a professional email address
• How does BCC work: complete guide
• How to craft an introduction email to a new team

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How to Write Formal Emails in English

19 Aug 2019

This article will help you to communicate better and to write formal emails in English.

Emails are among the most commonly used means of communication in the world. They’re fast, immediate, and allow you to interact with all kinds of businesses within and beyond the national boundaries. At work above all, writing formal emails in English in the right way requires certain skills, and being a professional situation, it’s essential not to commit mistakes in order to make a good impression of yourself and your company.  

In this article you’ll find:

The rules for writing formal emails in English

• The right format to use

Examples of formal emails in English

To write an email in English in the right way, don’t improvise! Read the following advice to avoid making serious mistakes that could compromise the success of the email from the moment it is received.

The subject is the first piece of information that the recipients of an email see, and if it’s written incorrectly or unclearly, it could push the reader to delete it without even opening it! So it’s important to give a clear and precise message, right from the start, indicating the content or reason for writing in two or three words that grabs the attention of the recipient. 

Unlike many other languages which require long complex sentences in a formal written context, English is very concise and favors short sentences and a simple structure. Make sure you break up the text into two or three paragraphs – this enables the reader to quickly see the key points.

Courtesy formulas

When you write an email in English, you’re not only using another language but you’re also entering another culture with different habits. The Anglo-Saxons in general pay a lot of attention to forms of courtesy and gratitude, therefore never forget to add them.

Check the email

Never send an email in English without having re-read what you wrote. Grammatical or typing mistakes are very common even in your own language, so in English you can make errors much more easily. Double-checking what you’ve written is a simple step to take that can prevent you from appearing unprofessional and above all careless.

Be sure to have set your emails to end with all the important information about you, including:

• name and surname
• relative details about your company (name, address..)
• link to the company website

The format of a formal email in English

Introduction

Body of the text

Depending on the type of relationship you have with the person you’re writing to, there are different ways of starting an email, but any email should always start with a greeting. In our specific case being formal, the most appropriate options are:

• Dear Mr/Mrs/Ms (surname of the recipient, e.g. Mr Black)
• Dear Sir/Madam (if you don’t know the name of the recipient) or more generally ‘To whom it may concern’

After the initial greeting you need an introductory sentence that indicates clearly the reason for writing and is consistent with the subject of the email. Introduce yourself briefly (long texts often discourage people from reading them), then follow on with:

• I am writing with regard to… (email subject)
• I am writing in connection with… (email subject)
• I am writing in reference to…

If you’re writing an email to send information, you can start with one of the following sentences:

• I am writing to let you know…
• I am delighted to tell you… (if you’re communicating good news)
• I regret to inform you that… (if you’re communicating bad news)

If instead you’re replying to an email you received, you can say:

• I am writing in response to…
• I am writing in reply to…
• I am writing to thank you for… (if you need to thank the recipient) 

There are no conventional formulas for writing the body of the text because this varies according to the function of what you need to communicate. It’s useful to prepare an initial draft and then proceed with any corrections.

The general rules are that the text should be divided into short paragraphs that avoid abbreviations and acronyms, both of which you can use, on the contrary, when you write an informal email to family and friends. 

Based on the type of message you’re sending, there are various ways to write a final invitation before ending the email, such as: 

• I look forward to hearing from you soon
• Thank you in advance
• For further information, please do not hesitate to contact me
• Please let me know if you have any questions
• Thanks for your attention

The most common way to end an email are:

• Best regards
• Kind regards
• Yours faithfully (if you began the email with ‘Dear Sir/Madam’ because you don’t know the name of the recipient)
• Yours sincerely (if you began the email with ‘Dear Mr/Mrs/Ms + surname)

Let’s see how all of this works in practice. 

Example 1: Delay with the delivery of an order

Subject: Delivery delay

Dear Mr Pascal, 

We regret to inform you that we will not be able to respect the deadline previously agreed for the delivery of your order. Our supplier has warned us today that they are experiencing supply problems, which will result in a delay in our production chain. We count on your understanding and thank you for your patience. 

Please accept our apologies.

Best regards,

Example 2: Replying to a job advertisement

Subject: Web Content Editor position

Dear Sir/Madam, 

With reference to your job ad in xxx, I would like to submit my application for the position of Web Content Editor in your company. 

I graduated in Communication Sciences at the University of xxx and worked for several years in a Digital Agency as Content Specialist. I believe my skills and experience are in line with the requirements for the job position. I will be glad to introduce myself in an interview, that will allow you to better evaluate my possible recruitment. 

Please find attached a copy of my resume. I look forward to hearing from you.

Yours faithfully,

Example 3: Sending a product catalogue

Subject: New product catalogue 

Dear Ms.Chapman, 

Following your request, we have recently sent you our new catalogue. We are convinced that it will enable you to see the quality of our products. Our local agent will contact you soon to arrange a meeting on a day and time that suits you in order to discuss in detail how our products can be of benefit to your company’s needs.

For further information, please do not hesitate to contact us. 

Yours sincerely, 

If you want to improve your English and get better at writing emails, find an English course that suits your needs.

This post has been adapted from the WSE Italy blog: Come Scrivere Email In Inglese Esempi

Learning and improving your knowledge of business vocabulary is a must. Read on to find out more.

Do you want to improve your writing skills? Read on to find out our tips on how to become a better writer in English!

Get in touch

Ready to chat to a member of the Wall Street English team? We’re here to help you.

English CEFR Form 4 Unit 1: Page 18 (Email writing)

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This exercise is based on Full Blast Plus Textbook for form 4 in KSSM syllabus

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• The four main types of essay | Quick guide with examples

The Four Main Types of Essay | Quick Guide with Examples

Published on September 4, 2020 by Jack Caulfield . Revised on July 23, 2023.

An essay is a focused piece of writing designed to inform or persuade. There are many different types of essay, but they are often defined in four categories: argumentative, expository, narrative, and descriptive essays.

Argumentative and expository essays are focused on conveying information and making clear points, while narrative and descriptive essays are about exercising creativity and writing in an interesting way. At university level, argumentative essays are the most common type. 

In high school and college, you will also often have to write textual analysis essays, which test your skills in close reading and interpretation.

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Table of contents

Argumentative essays, expository essays, narrative essays, descriptive essays, textual analysis essays, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about types of essays.

An argumentative essay presents an extended, evidence-based argument. It requires a strong thesis statement —a clearly defined stance on your topic. Your aim is to convince the reader of your thesis using evidence (such as quotations ) and analysis.

Argumentative essays test your ability to research and present your own position on a topic. This is the most common type of essay at college level—most papers you write will involve some kind of argumentation.

The essay is divided into an introduction, body, and conclusion:

• The introduction provides your topic and thesis statement
• The body presents your evidence and arguments
• The conclusion summarizes your argument and emphasizes its importance

The example below is a paragraph from the body of an argumentative essay about the effects of the internet on education. Mouse over it to learn more.

A common frustration for teachers is students’ use of Wikipedia as a source in their writing. Its prevalence among students is not exaggerated; a survey found that the vast majority of the students surveyed used Wikipedia (Head & Eisenberg, 2010). An article in The Guardian stresses a common objection to its use: “a reliance on Wikipedia can discourage students from engaging with genuine academic writing” (Coomer, 2013). Teachers are clearly not mistaken in viewing Wikipedia usage as ubiquitous among their students; but the claim that it discourages engagement with academic sources requires further investigation. This point is treated as self-evident by many teachers, but Wikipedia itself explicitly encourages students to look into other sources. Its articles often provide references to academic publications and include warning notes where citations are missing; the site’s own guidelines for research make clear that it should be used as a starting point, emphasizing that users should always “read the references and check whether they really do support what the article says” (“Wikipedia:Researching with Wikipedia,” 2020). Indeed, for many students, Wikipedia is their first encounter with the concepts of citation and referencing. The use of Wikipedia therefore has a positive side that merits deeper consideration than it often receives.

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An expository essay provides a clear, focused explanation of a topic. It doesn’t require an original argument, just a balanced and well-organized view of the topic.

Expository essays test your familiarity with a topic and your ability to organize and convey information. They are commonly assigned at high school or in exam questions at college level.

The introduction of an expository essay states your topic and provides some general background, the body presents the details, and the conclusion summarizes the information presented.

A typical body paragraph from an expository essay about the invention of the printing press is shown below. Mouse over it to learn more.

The invention of the printing press in 1440 changed this situation dramatically. Johannes Gutenberg, who had worked as a goldsmith, used his knowledge of metals in the design of the press. He made his type from an alloy of lead, tin, and antimony, whose durability allowed for the reliable production of high-quality books. This new technology allowed texts to be reproduced and disseminated on a much larger scale than was previously possible. The Gutenberg Bible appeared in the 1450s, and a large number of printing presses sprang up across the continent in the following decades. Gutenberg’s invention rapidly transformed cultural production in Europe; among other things, it would lead to the Protestant Reformation.

A narrative essay is one that tells a story. This is usually a story about a personal experience you had, but it may also be an imaginative exploration of something you have not experienced.

Narrative essays test your ability to build up a narrative in an engaging, well-structured way. They are much more personal and creative than other kinds of academic writing . Writing a personal statement for an application requires the same skills as a narrative essay.

A narrative essay isn’t strictly divided into introduction, body, and conclusion, but it should still begin by setting up the narrative and finish by expressing the point of the story—what you learned from your experience, or why it made an impression on you.

Mouse over the example below, a short narrative essay responding to the prompt “Write about an experience where you learned something about yourself,” to explore its structure.

Since elementary school, I have always favored subjects like science and math over the humanities. My instinct was always to think of these subjects as more solid and serious than classes like English. If there was no right answer, I thought, why bother? But recently I had an experience that taught me my academic interests are more flexible than I had thought: I took my first philosophy class.

Before I entered the classroom, I was skeptical. I waited outside with the other students and wondered what exactly philosophy would involve—I really had no idea. I imagined something pretty abstract: long, stilted conversations pondering the meaning of life. But what I got was something quite different.

A young man in jeans, Mr. Jones—“but you can call me Rob”—was far from the white-haired, buttoned-up old man I had half-expected. And rather than pulling us into pedantic arguments about obscure philosophical points, Rob engaged us on our level. To talk free will, we looked at our own choices. To talk ethics, we looked at dilemmas we had faced ourselves. By the end of class, I’d discovered that questions with no right answer can turn out to be the most interesting ones.

The experience has taught me to look at things a little more “philosophically”—and not just because it was a philosophy class! I learned that if I let go of my preconceptions, I can actually get a lot out of subjects I was previously dismissive of. The class taught me—in more ways than one—to look at things with an open mind.

A descriptive essay provides a detailed sensory description of something. Like narrative essays, they allow you to be more creative than most academic writing, but they are more tightly focused than narrative essays. You might describe a specific place or object, rather than telling a whole story.

Descriptive essays test your ability to use language creatively, making striking word choices to convey a memorable picture of what you’re describing.

A descriptive essay can be quite loosely structured, though it should usually begin by introducing the object of your description and end by drawing an overall picture of it. The important thing is to use careful word choices and figurative language to create an original description of your object.

Mouse over the example below, a response to the prompt “Describe a place you love to spend time in,” to learn more about descriptive essays.

On Sunday afternoons I like to spend my time in the garden behind my house. The garden is narrow but long, a corridor of green extending from the back of the house, and I sit on a lawn chair at the far end to read and relax. I am in my small peaceful paradise: the shade of the tree, the feel of the grass on my feet, the gentle activity of the fish in the pond beside me.

My cat crosses the garden nimbly and leaps onto the fence to survey it from above. From his perch he can watch over his little kingdom and keep an eye on the neighbours. He does this until the barking of next door’s dog scares him from his post and he bolts for the cat flap to govern from the safety of the kitchen.

With that, I am left alone with the fish, whose whole world is the pond by my feet. The fish explore the pond every day as if for the first time, prodding and inspecting every stone. I sometimes feel the same about sitting here in the garden; I know the place better than anyone, but whenever I return I still feel compelled to pay attention to all its details and novelties—a new bird perched in the tree, the growth of the grass, and the movement of the insects it shelters…

Sitting out in the garden, I feel serene. I feel at home. And yet I always feel there is more to discover. The bounds of my garden may be small, but there is a whole world contained within it, and it is one I will never get tired of inhabiting.

Though every essay type tests your writing skills, some essays also test your ability to read carefully and critically. In a textual analysis essay, you don’t just present information on a topic, but closely analyze a text to explain how it achieves certain effects.

Rhetorical analysis

A rhetorical analysis looks at a persuasive text (e.g. a speech, an essay, a political cartoon) in terms of the rhetorical devices it uses, and evaluates their effectiveness.

The goal is not to state whether you agree with the author’s argument but to look at how they have constructed it.

The introduction of a rhetorical analysis presents the text, some background information, and your thesis statement; the body comprises the analysis itself; and the conclusion wraps up your analysis of the text, emphasizing its relevance to broader concerns.

The example below is from a rhetorical analysis of Martin Luther King Jr.’s “I Have a Dream” speech . Mouse over it to learn more.

King’s speech is infused with prophetic language throughout. Even before the famous “dream” part of the speech, King’s language consistently strikes a prophetic tone. He refers to the Lincoln Memorial as a “hallowed spot” and speaks of rising “from the dark and desolate valley of segregation” to “make justice a reality for all of God’s children.” The assumption of this prophetic voice constitutes the text’s strongest ethical appeal; after linking himself with political figures like Lincoln and the Founding Fathers, King’s ethos adopts a distinctly religious tone, recalling Biblical prophets and preachers of change from across history. This adds significant force to his words; standing before an audience of hundreds of thousands, he states not just what the future should be, but what it will be: “The whirlwinds of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the bright day of justice emerges.” This warning is almost apocalyptic in tone, though it concludes with the positive image of the “bright day of justice.” The power of King’s rhetoric thus stems not only from the pathos of his vision of a brighter future, but from the ethos of the prophetic voice he adopts in expressing this vision.

Literary analysis

A literary analysis essay presents a close reading of a work of literature—e.g. a poem or novel—to explore the choices made by the author and how they help to convey the text’s theme. It is not simply a book report or a review, but an in-depth interpretation of the text.

Literary analysis looks at things like setting, characters, themes, and figurative language. The goal is to closely analyze what the author conveys and how.

The introduction of a literary analysis essay presents the text and background, and provides your thesis statement; the body consists of close readings of the text with quotations and analysis in support of your argument; and the conclusion emphasizes what your approach tells us about the text.

Mouse over the example below, the introduction to a literary analysis essay on Frankenstein , to learn more.

Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein is often read as a crude cautionary tale about the dangers of scientific advancement unrestrained by ethical considerations. In this reading, protagonist Victor Frankenstein is a stable representation of the callous ambition of modern science throughout the novel. This essay, however, argues that far from providing a stable image of the character, Shelley uses shifting narrative perspectives to portray Frankenstein in an increasingly negative light as the novel goes on. While he initially appears to be a naive but sympathetic idealist, after the creature’s narrative Frankenstein begins to resemble—even in his own telling—the thoughtlessly cruel figure the creature represents him as. This essay begins by exploring the positive portrayal of Frankenstein in the first volume, then moves on to the creature’s perception of him, and finally discusses the third volume’s narrative shift toward viewing Frankenstein as the creature views him.

If you want to know more about AI tools , college essays , or fallacies make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples or go directly to our tools!

• Ad hominem fallacy
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At high school and in composition classes at university, you’ll often be told to write a specific type of essay , but you might also just be given prompts.

Look for keywords in these prompts that suggest a certain approach: The word “explain” suggests you should write an expository essay , while the word “describe” implies a descriptive essay . An argumentative essay might be prompted with the word “assess” or “argue.”

The vast majority of essays written at university are some sort of argumentative essay . Almost all academic writing involves building up an argument, though other types of essay might be assigned in composition classes.

Essays can present arguments about all kinds of different topics. For example:

• In a literary analysis essay, you might make an argument for a specific interpretation of a text
• In a history essay, you might present an argument for the importance of a particular event
• In a politics essay, you might argue for the validity of a certain political theory

An argumentative essay tends to be a longer essay involving independent research, and aims to make an original argument about a topic. Its thesis statement makes a contentious claim that must be supported in an objective, evidence-based way.

An expository essay also aims to be objective, but it doesn’t have to make an original argument. Rather, it aims to explain something (e.g., a process or idea) in a clear, concise way. Expository essays are often shorter assignments and rely less on research.

The key difference is that a narrative essay is designed to tell a complete story, while a descriptive essay is meant to convey an intense description of a particular place, object, or concept.

Narrative and descriptive essays both allow you to write more personally and creatively than other kinds of essays , and similar writing skills can apply to both.

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HOW TO WRITE A SIMPLE E-MAIL (SPM - 2021 FORMAT)

SAMPLE QUESTION & SAMPLE ANSWER

46 comments:

Nobody care

nobody cares, like learn to speak when youre supposed to

cry about it

Just let him say anything he wants dude, its not like their offensive or anything. Why does it matter to you so much?

are yall okay????

*eat popcorn*

Hello fellow anonymous

Bruh chill don’t let out your problem on semeone else

My name jeff

'My name is jeff'

my name is jess bro

hai anonymous

It 's help me to remind how to write an email

why you're so mean

Nicely written! love it <3

Yall sounds mad corny here, get mad over nothing. Go study ur ass off and be mature for once. Good luck to everyone for SPM 2022 :) Wish y'all all the best <3

thanks bro/sis i appreciate it

Damn people so rude down here... Hope they don't get a good results on their spm

dont dua to people like that bro that's not good or the things will come back to u back

Same person?

goodluck in your studies peeps

my tc asked me to use long cohesive devices :(

welcome to the mars

this example email thought me how write a proper email

This email is more words.. is the score cut off?

the email addresses and subject are needed ?

Damn people are really raging in here- I want to join and start the world war 3 too :(

i am anonymous 👍🏻

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Grammar component - fanboys.

This video explains what are "FANBOYS" and the types of articles we usually learn at school. There are 3 types of "CONJUNCTIO...

GPT-4 is better than humans at financial forecasting, new study shows

• OpenAI's GPT-4 is better than humans at analyzing financial statements and making forecasts, according to a new study.
• "Even without any narrative or industry-specific information, the LLM outperforms financial analysts in its ability to predict earnings changes," the study found.
• Trading strategies based on GPT-4 also delivered more profitable results than the stock market.

OpenAI's GPT-4 proved to be a better financial analyst than humans, according to a new study.

The findings could upend the financial services industry that, like other business sectors, is racing to adopt generative AI technologies.

According to the study conducted by the Booth School of Business at the University of Chicago, the large language model did a better job of analyzing financial statements and making predictions based on those statements.

"Even without any narrative or industry-specific information, the LLM outperforms financial analysts in its ability to predict earnings changes," the study said. "The LLM exhibits a relative advantage over human analysts in situations when the analysts tend to struggle."

The study utilized "chain-of-thought" prompts that directed GPT-4 to identify trends in financial statements and calculate different financial ratios. From there, the large language model analyzed the information and predicted future earnings results.

"When we use the chain of thought prompt to emulate human reasoning, we find that GPT achieves an accuracy of 60%, which is remarkably higher than that achieved by the analysts," the study said. The human analysts were closer to the low 50% range with regard to prediction accuracy.

The large language models' ability to recognize financial patterns and business concepts with incomplete information suggests that the technology should play a key role in financial decision-making going forward, according to the study's authors.

Finally, the study found that applying GPT-4's financial acumen to trading strategies produced more profitable trading, with higher share ratios and alpha that ultimately beat the stock market.

"We find that the long-short strategy based on GPT forecasts outperforms the market and generates significant alphas and Sharpe ratios," the study said. 

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