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How To Put Research On Your Resume (With Examples)

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Research experiences and skills are an incredibly important aspect of many job applications, so it’s important to know how to put them on your resume correctly. Hiring managers and recruiters want employees who can help drive innovation by being able to apply research skills to problem solve and come up with creative growth solutions.

If you’re a job seeker looking to include your research skills on a resume , we’ll go over how to list research on resume, where you can include it on a resume, and give you some examples.

Key Takeaways:

If you don’t have traditional research experience, highlight the skills used for research that you’ve used in past jobs.

Consider creating a separate research section in your resume if you have a lot of research experience or merge sections, depending on which section you want to bolster with research.

Research experience is one of the best assets to include on a resume so be on the lookout for more opportunities.

What are research skills?

Where to put research experience on your resume

How to include research on your resume, examples of research on a resume, how to put research on your resume faq.

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Research skills are any skills related to your ability to locate, extract, organize, and evaluate data relevant to a particular subject. It also involves investigation, critical thinking , and presenting or using the findings in a meaningful way.

Depending on what job you’re applying for, research skills could make or break your ability to land the job. Almost every job requires some research skills and you probably already have some of those skills mastered by now.

For most careers, research is a vital process to be able to answer questions. “Research skills” are not a single skill, but multiple ones put together.

Some skills that are necessary for research are organization, problem-solving, critical thinking, communication, and specific technical skills, like coding, Excel, and copywriting.

Including research experience and skills on a resume can be incredibly flexible. When thinking about how to add it to your resume, you want to consider how the research experience adds to your resume.

Your research experience can be included in a few different sections of your resume. Some of those sections include:

Academic accomplishments

Research experience

Work experience/history

College activities

Volunteer work

Presentations and publications

Skills section

If you’ve had smaller research roles but no “official” research experience, you can highlight the skills associated with the types of research mentioned above in your job description under the work history section in your resume.

If your job history is a research position, then naturally, you would include research under the work history section. You can also merge your sections depending on what type of position you are applying for.

For example, you could create a “Research and Education” section or a “Research and Publications” section. If your research is not related to your education and you don’t have any publications, you can also detail it in a separate “Research” section in your resume.

To include your research on your resume, you should gather all the necessary information and then quantify your accomplishments to fit into specific sections. Here is a more detailed list of how to write about research experience in resume:

Gather all the necessary information. The first step is to collect all of the important details like the title of the research project, the location of the research project, the principal investigator of the project (if applicable), and the dates of the project. You will list these details much like you would list a company you have worked for in the past.

Read the job description carefully. Every resume and cover letter you write should be tailored to the job you’re applying for. When a hiring manager puts a necessary qualification in their job posting, you must be sure to include it in your resume.

Make sure that you highlight the right types of research skills on your job applications and resumes.

Quantify your accomplishments. When describing your role on the project, you will want to summarize your accomplishments and deliverables. Hiring managers and recruiters love seeing numbers. When you write out the deliverables from your project, make sure you quantify them.

Incorporate into your work history section. If there were times when you used your research skills in your past employment opportunities, include them in your work experience section. You can also include publications, conferences you may have presented at, and any awards or recognition your research had received.

If you have completed research in an academic setting, then presentations (oral and poster) are an important part of the research process. You should include those details along with the titles of your publications.

Add to your research section. Other aspects of research that you can detail to make your application more competitive are adding skills specific to your project to the skills section of your resume.

These skills will vary depending on the subject matter, but some examples include coding languages, interviewing skills, any software you used and are proficient in using, managerial skills , and public speaking if you have presented your research at conferences.

Add research to your skills section. If the specific research you did is less important than the skills you used to perform it, highlight that in your skills section. That way, you don’t have to take up a lot of work or education history with slightly irrelevant information, but hiring managers can still see you have research skills.

Just be sure you’re more specific about a research methodology you’re an expert in because the skills section doesn’t give you as much room to explain how you leveraged these abilities.

Sprinkle research throughout your resume. If you have a lot of experience performing research in professional, volunteer, and educational settings, pepper it in a few different sections. The more hands-on experience you have with research, the better (for jobs that require research).

Let’s look at some examples of how research can be included on a resume:

University research example

EDUCATION Undergraduate Thesis, University of Connecticut, Dec. 2017-May 2018 Worked alongside UCONN English Department head Penelope Victeri to research the poetry of New England writers of the 20th century. Explored common themes across the works of Elizabeth Bishop, Wallace Stevens, and Robert Lowell. Performed online and in-person research on historical documents relating to each author , including information on the political, religious, and economic landscape of the US at the time. Analyzed poetic works of each author and drew on similar contemporary regional authors’ works. Prepared 20,000 words thesis entitled “Place, Allegory, and Religion: Three 20th Century New England Poets” and defended my written arguments to a panel of English professors.

Customer service research example

WORK EXPERIENCE Conducted interviews with 20 customers each week to gain insight into the user experience with company products Used Google analytics to determine which pages were driving most web traffic, and increased traffic by 11% Reviewed thousands of customer surveys and compiled findings into monthly reports with graphic findings Presented at weekly marketing meeting to inform marketing team of trends in customer experience with our products

Laboratory research example

RESEARCH Conducted experiments on rat brains by introducing various novel chemical compounds and levels of oxygen Ran electricity through brain slices to view interaction of different chemical compounds on active brain cells Prepared sterile samples for daily check and maintained 89% percent yield over the course of a 3-month study Presented findings in a final 15 -page research report and presentation to the Research and Development team

Examples of common research skills to list on your resume

Here are examples of research skills in action that you may have overlooked:

Searching for local business competition

Sending out customer satisfaction surveys

Summarizing current policies and laws in effect for a particular topic

Creating lesson plans based on current education standards

Reading literature reviews and implementing changes in clinical practice

Attention to detail

Problem-solving skills

Critical thinking

Project management skills

Communication skills

Why are research skills important?

Research skills are important because they can help you identify a problem, gather information, and evaluate that information for relevancy. Including your research skills on a resume will show hiring managers that you have the ability to suggest new ideas and help their organization adapt and change as the industry changes.

Some common research skills include:

critical thinking

Computer skills

Can I list research as a skill?

Yes, you can list research as a skill on your resume. Including your research skills in your resume can help show a potential employer that you have the ability to suggest new ideas and use critical thinking to find solutions to problems. Most research skills will use attention to detail, problem-solving, and project management skills.

California State University San Bernardino – Incorporating Research Project Experience on Your Resume

University of Missouri – How to Put Research on Your Resume

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Heidi Cope is a former writer for the Zippia Career Advice blog. Her writing focused primarily on Zippia's suite of rankings and general career advice. After leaving Zippia, Heidi joined The Mighty as a writer and editor, among other positions. She received her BS from UNC Charlotte in German Studies.

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The Best Research Skills for a Resume

If you want to apply for a research position, you need to provide evidence of research skills on your resume. In this article, we explore what the best research skills for a resume are, why they are important and how to list them properly. We also provide a researcher resume sample to get you started – you can use it as inspiration or a template.

Table of Contents

What Are Research Skills?

A career like research is an excellent option for anyone who can collect, analyze and interpret data, solve complex problems, dive deep into discovery, and offer innovative solutions. The best thing about being a researcher is that you can not only succeed in science and academia but also climb up the career ladder in the corporate world. Indeed, having solid research skills opens the door to many roles and industries, including academic environments, government settings, transnational corporations, startups, tech giants, and non-profit organizations, to name but a few.

From human behavior to regional studies to biotech, there are myriads of research spheres where a qualified individual can make a difference. Researchers utilize their skills to explore a variety of topics, and if you have your mind set on pursuing a career as a researcher, you need to understand what skill set is pivotal for success in this field.

In a nutshell, research skills are all about searching ways to resolve problems. They are knowledge, abilities and competencies that ensure you can investigate particular topics, perform critical analysis, extract and organize data, interpret results, form hypotheses, and derive data-driven conclusions.

As a researcher, you are expected to be capable of relaying your findings to other people in a compelling and digestible form and even inspire action, both in yourself and in others.

Whether you are a seasoned researcher or a novice in this field, you need to put the right skills on your resume . Below you will find a list of the most in-demand research skills in today’s job market.

The Top 10 Research Skills for a Resume

Communication.

Communication is a crucial aspect of a research career since you are required to share information, relay findings and spread knowledge efficiently and effectively, both orally and in writing . While communication skills certainly have a place on your resume , that doesn’t mean adding “Communication” to your list of skills is enough to move on. You need to provide relevant examples verifying that you can research things as part of a team and work towards a common goal. You could add something like this to add credibility to your claim:

Recruited 7 research assistants for clinical studies by visiting clinics and sending out email invites, increasing participation by 20%.

Explained 100+ research procedures to a group of study participants in 10 days, resulting in a 0% incident rate.

Problem Solving

Being an advanced problem solver means you can consistently identify issues and find effective and efficient solutions to them . It is an extremely valuable skill when it comes to research-based activities, and 86% of employers look for workers who are capable of solving problems in the workplace according to the National Association of Colleges and Employers’ Job Outlook 2022 survey. If you want to add problem-solving skills to your resume, you need to underpin them with relevant accomplishments. For instance, you could add examples like these:

Resolved course accessibility issues by creating interactive presentations for remote learners, increasing student satisfaction by 89%.

Developed and introduced a new computing environment for analysis, identifying 100% of failure patterns and improving issue detection by 75%.

Analytical Skills

Having analytical skills means you can parse data into digestible pieces, interpret them correctly and make data-based connections and conclusions . Data analysis incorporates a vast set of competencies, including technical skills like proficiency in programming languages, such as Python and R, familiarity with data visualization tools, like Tableau and Power BI, and a strong grasp of statistical analysis methods, such as hypothesis testing, regression analysis, and sample size determination. Armed with these skills, a researcher can take data to the next level and drive both innovation and profitability.

Being able to make sense of facts and figures both manually and using automated solutions will help you thrive in most roles, so recruiters would love to know that you are an analytical thinker when considering your candidacy. Your best bet here is to make sure they can find this out by examining your resume. You can add examples like the ones below to prove you can tackle complicated issues using your analytical skill set:

Collected, cleaned and analyzed first-party data from 10+ departments to identify the socio-economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the company.

Performed regression analysis to determine the effects of a company-wide minimum wage increase, concluding that the hiring process was accelerated by 25% due to the wage change in question.

Qualitative Analysis

Qualitative analysis allows you to analyze a research subject using non-numerical and non-quantifiable parameters, characteristics and indicators and is based on abstract concepts . For instance, you can use qualitative attributes like human behavior or brand reputation to make business decisions or recognize investment opportunities. This skill is in demand today as it helps researchers use their observations to make conclusions, identify patterns and tackle challenges. Since you cannot quantify this area of your expertise, you need to provide relevant context to convince the reader that you are capable of analyzing non-tangible aspects of a subject. You can do that by using appropriate examples, like the following ones:

Evaluated the quality and accuracy of 200+ data sources in a month.

Performed quality control of high-volume content in a rapidly changing environment, maintaining a quality score of 99.9%.

Quantitative Analysis

Quantitative analysis is an approach that allows you to collect, study, measure, and analyze data . From statistical research to financial modeling, quantitative analysis includes a powerful toolkit that helps a researcher refine and simplify vast amounts of raw data to make better decisions and forecast trends.

Quantitative analysis has countless applications: with it, you can track metrics, measure variables and evaluate parameters in multiple fields, from finance and accounting to molecular biology and astrophysics. Therefore, it is no wonder that it is one of the most important research skills for a resume and highlighting it the right way is likely to help you move forward in the job searching process. You can prove that you know how to work with tangible data by providing relevant examples, like the following ones:

Designed a new data analysis technique, saving 30 monthly hours in parameter comparisons.

Used SQL to analyze customer data and identify areas for improvement related to customer conversions, resulting in a conversion boost by 75%.

Academic Writing

Academic writing is the ability to create complex documents containing scientific data, such as formulas, graphs, and charts . Academic writing skills help researchers prepare reports, presentations and articles for scientific journals and magazines, and if you have them, it means you know how to present technical information clearly and concisely. Recruiters from scientific fields are especially interested in candidates capable of writing academically, so submitting a resume with examples of written work is likely to help you secure a position as a researcher. Listing your publications to prove your expertise is the best option here, but since you might not have enough space to add all your papers, books and articles, you could highlight your academic writing proficiency with something like this:

Created 350+ articles on the principles of academic research for the university’s database, increasing student satisfaction by 60%.

Published 30+ papers focused on structural changes in protein conformations.

We know that expressing your writing potential in limited words can be difficult, so here getting assistance from a summarizing tool can be a good idea.

Literature Review

Literature review is a methodology that implies conducting rigorous research on a particular topic . Having literature review skills means you can explore your subject area in greater depth using sources like books, journal articles, industry magazines, etc. Such competencies allow you to build upon existing knowledge and generate new ideas, accelerating your research and pushing it to its full potential. Naturally, your literature review skills are a valuable asset to your resume. We recommend you to illuminate them with appropriate examples, focusing on tangible outcomes:

Gathered and reviewed 10+ articles on Stata to extract variables from a dataset.

Performed 100+ literature reviews to implement changes in clinical practice, boosting quality of care by 70%.

Time Management

Time management is a powerful soft skill that is especially valuable in research environments. It allows you to manage your time effectively, break large tasks into manageable chunks and prioritize them properly, set up measurable, attainable, and time-bound goals, and even juggle your responsibilities . Proper time management helps you stay focused on your work, boosts your productivity and thereby leads to consistently high results and impressive outcomes. From carrying out experiments to writing reports to teaching, as a researcher, you need to apply time management strategies on a daily basis to successfully accomplish your tasks. You can show you are good at time management on your resume by showcasing your successes, like in the examples below:

Developed a database for organizing behavioral data for 100+ study participants, decreasing data processing time by 30%.

Implemented data analysis techniques in Python, increasing the amount of data analyzed per hour by 17% and accelerating project completion by 40%.

Attention to Detail

Paying attention to detail is a vital aspect of being a researcher. Having this skill helps you gather credible information, perceive meaningful connections, notice discrepancies, and deliver high-quality work based on correct evidence. Since each and every aspect of a career in research requires efficiency and trustworthiness, attention to detail is something you cannot go without – otherwise, your progress will come to a screeching halt. Naturally, you need to illuminate this skill on your resume as recruiters seek candidates who can look at details with a critical eye and minimize distractions. And the best way to do that is by providing a relevant example of success. You can use the ones below for reference:

Checked 10 + data sheets for completion and quality per day, resulting in a <1% error rate.

Supervised the maintenance and updates of the lab’s database with a 99% accuracy rate.

Editing & Proofreading

Editing and proofreading skills are essential to perform successful research since they ensure it is both accurate and easy to read . While editing is more about making your text more digestible and improving the overall quality of your writing, proofreading corrects surface issues like errors in spelling, punctuation and grammar. Both require you to have a solid command of the language you use and a certain degree of focus. The devil is indeed in the details, so you need to always polish your texts before submitting them. Only this way will they be perceived by your peers and superiors as constructive and professional. And to prove you are good at editing and proofreading, you need to add appropriate examples to your resume. Here is how you can demonstrate your ability to provide high-quality texts:

Edited 11 federal grant proposals designed by my team, which generated $200+ in lab funding.

Edited a research paper co-authored with 2 postdoctoral employees regarding protein generation, which received the Best Paper Award in 2020.

How to List Research Skills on a Resume

Your resume is the best place to highlight your research experience and the value you could bring to your next role. The key here is to put your research skills in the right section so that they get noticed by the reader. You have no fewer than 7 options here:

• A dedicated research section
• Your work experience section
• The education section
• The list of your research publications
• The projects section
• The skills section
• Your resume summary

If you have a solid research background, you may want to create a separate section on your resume and call it Research or Research Experience . This place will help you expand on your projects and their details, specify the nature of your research, and describe the specifics of your previous roles, providing relevant examples and demonstrating the most prominent accomplishments.

If your career is all things research, the work/professional experience section can incorporate your research skills and accomplishments. List your employers and your duties, along with the dates of your employment, like you would do when describing your non-research work experience.

Your education section is an appropriate place to highlight your research skills if you are a student or a recent graduate. You can put it at the top of your resume if you want to draw more attention to your research background when applying for your first job in science or academia.

If you have a whole host of published works, it could be a great idea to create a separate section for listing your publications . This will help you add credibility to your research skills and accomplishments. Research-related accomplishments can also be highlighted as projects on your resume. This might be appropriate if your research background is not so extensive or not quite relevant to your current career aspirations.

You can list your research skills in your skills section as long as they are tangible and relevant for the job you want to land. We recommend you to avoid general skills here and focus on industry-specific expertise, illuminating it with the keywords you can find in the corresponding job listing and relevant skill levels .

Highlighting your research skills in the summary section is appropriate if you are applying for a role where a robust research background is essential. Your resume summary is just a few lines appearing at the top of the document, so make sure to add only the most important research skills there – those that you want the reader to see first and foremost.

Why Are Research Skills Important?

Research-oriented positions and most jobs in academia require you to have a solid set of research skills. Employees outside these roles can also benefit from research experience – research skills are transferable , meaning you can bring them to the table no matter your position, career field or job level. Therefore, they are a valuable addition to a resume in many cases.

Businesses and organizations are eager to employ candidates with proven research skills because they can

• come up with original plans and ideas,
• design innovative products and services,
• improve processes,
• keep up with technology,
• identify customers’ needs and requirements and find ways to meet them,
• resolve complicated issues,
• analyze competitors’ strengths and weaknesses,

By adding research skills to your resume, you show recruiters that you can think outside the box, know how to work with data and technology, are capable of making well-informed decisions, and are good at solving problems. This makes you a valuable hire in today’s skill-based job market

A Resume Sample to Apply for a Research Position

JOHN/JANE DOE Research Assistant Location ⋅ Email ⋅ Phone number Diligent and hardworking clinical researcher seeking a position at [Name of Company] to apply academic expertise and facilitate biological research. PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE Company/Organization, Location Dates of Employment Research Assistant Assisted scientists in 30+ research projects related to therapeutics for COVID-19 Conducted data-driven testing with an accuracy rate of 98% Supervised a team of 3 junior research assistants with daily laboratory duties Company/Organization, Location Dates of Employment Graduate Research Assistant Participated in cell research projects as part of a cross-departmental team of 30 researchers. Performed cell counts with 99% accuracy Was engaged in developing a platform to investigate immune responses to virus-infected hepatocytes. … Company/Organization, Location Dates of Employment Research Student Assistant Gathered and analyzed data and evidence for 10+ clinical research cases monthly. Awarded “Research Impact Award” in recognition of consistent research excellence (only 1 student is awarded in a class of 100). … EDUCATION NAME OF UNIVERSITY Location Degree, Major Dates of Education SKILLS Molecular cloning RNA isolation Cell counting Knowledge of SQL code and queries Data analysis Literature review

A career in research is an extremely exciting yet quite a demanding path. Since the competition for positions in the field is very fierce, as a researcher, you need to have high levels of determination and persistence and a powerful combination of skills. The research skills we have outlined in this article are what recruiters expect to see on your resume, so make sure to expand on them to get the job of your dream, rise to the top of your game and deliver ground-breaking research.

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• How to Write a Literature Review | Guide, Examples, & Templates

How to Write a Literature Review | Guide, Examples, & Templates

Published on January 2, 2023 by Shona McCombes . Revised on September 11, 2023.

What is a literature review? A literature review is a survey of scholarly sources on a specific topic. It provides an overview of current knowledge, allowing you to identify relevant theories, methods, and gaps in the existing research that you can later apply to your paper, thesis, or dissertation topic .

There are five key steps to writing a literature review:

• Search for relevant literature
• Evaluate sources
• Identify themes, debates, and gaps
• Outline the structure
• Write your literature review

A good literature review doesn’t just summarize sources—it analyzes, synthesizes , and critically evaluates to give a clear picture of the state of knowledge on the subject.

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Table of contents

What is the purpose of a literature review, examples of literature reviews, step 1 – search for relevant literature, step 2 – evaluate and select sources, step 3 – identify themes, debates, and gaps, step 4 – outline your literature review’s structure, step 5 – write your literature review, free lecture slides, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions, introduction.

• Quick Run-through
• Step 1 & 2

When you write a thesis , dissertation , or research paper , you will likely have to conduct a literature review to situate your research within existing knowledge. The literature review gives you a chance to:

• Demonstrate your familiarity with the topic and its scholarly context
• Develop a theoretical framework and methodology for your research
• Position your work in relation to other researchers and theorists
• Show how your research addresses a gap or contributes to a debate
• Evaluate the current state of research and demonstrate your knowledge of the scholarly debates around your topic.

Writing literature reviews is a particularly important skill if you want to apply for graduate school or pursue a career in research. We’ve written a step-by-step guide that you can follow below.

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Writing literature reviews can be quite challenging! A good starting point could be to look at some examples, depending on what kind of literature review you’d like to write.

• Example literature review #1: “Why Do People Migrate? A Review of the Theoretical Literature” ( Theoretical literature review about the development of economic migration theory from the 1950s to today.)
• Example literature review #2: “Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines” ( Methodological literature review about interdisciplinary knowledge acquisition and production.)
• Example literature review #3: “The Use of Technology in English Language Learning: A Literature Review” ( Thematic literature review about the effects of technology on language acquisition.)
• Example literature review #4: “Learners’ Listening Comprehension Difficulties in English Language Learning: A Literature Review” ( Chronological literature review about how the concept of listening skills has changed over time.)

You can also check out our templates with literature review examples and sample outlines at the links below.

Download Word doc Download Google doc

Before you begin searching for literature, you need a clearly defined topic .

If you are writing the literature review section of a dissertation or research paper, you will search for literature related to your research problem and questions .

Make a list of keywords

Start by creating a list of keywords related to your research question. Include each of the key concepts or variables you’re interested in, and list any synonyms and related terms. You can add to this list as you discover new keywords in the process of your literature search.

• Social media, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, Snapchat, TikTok
• Body image, self-perception, self-esteem, mental health
• Generation Z, teenagers, adolescents, youth

Search for relevant sources

Use your keywords to begin searching for sources. Some useful databases to search for journals and articles include:

• Your university’s library catalogue
• Google Scholar
• Project Muse (humanities and social sciences)
• Medline (life sciences and biomedicine)
• EconLit (economics)
• Inspec (physics, engineering and computer science)

You can also use boolean operators to help narrow down your search.

Make sure to read the abstract to find out whether an article is relevant to your question. When you find a useful book or article, you can check the bibliography to find other relevant sources.

You likely won’t be able to read absolutely everything that has been written on your topic, so it will be necessary to evaluate which sources are most relevant to your research question.

For each publication, ask yourself:

• What question or problem is the author addressing?
• What are the key concepts and how are they defined?
• What are the key theories, models, and methods?
• Does the research use established frameworks or take an innovative approach?
• What are the results and conclusions of the study?
• How does the publication relate to other literature in the field? Does it confirm, add to, or challenge established knowledge?
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of the research?

Make sure the sources you use are credible , and make sure you read any landmark studies and major theories in your field of research.

You can use our template to summarize and evaluate sources you’re thinking about using. Click on either button below to download.

Take notes and cite your sources

As you read, you should also begin the writing process. Take notes that you can later incorporate into the text of your literature review.

It is important to keep track of your sources with citations to avoid plagiarism . It can be helpful to make an annotated bibliography , where you compile full citation information and write a paragraph of summary and analysis for each source. This helps you remember what you read and saves time later in the process.

Prevent plagiarism. Run a free check.

To begin organizing your literature review’s argument and structure, be sure you understand the connections and relationships between the sources you’ve read. Based on your reading and notes, you can look for:

• Trends and patterns (in theory, method or results): do certain approaches become more or less popular over time?
• Themes: what questions or concepts recur across the literature?
• Debates, conflicts and contradictions: where do sources disagree?
• Pivotal publications: are there any influential theories or studies that changed the direction of the field?
• Gaps: what is missing from the literature? Are there weaknesses that need to be addressed?

This step will help you work out the structure of your literature review and (if applicable) show how your own research will contribute to existing knowledge.

• Most research has focused on young women.
• There is an increasing interest in the visual aspects of social media.
• But there is still a lack of robust research on highly visual platforms like Instagram and Snapchat—this is a gap that you could address in your own research.

There are various approaches to organizing the body of a literature review. Depending on the length of your literature review, you can combine several of these strategies (for example, your overall structure might be thematic, but each theme is discussed chronologically).

Chronological

The simplest approach is to trace the development of the topic over time. However, if you choose this strategy, be careful to avoid simply listing and summarizing sources in order.

Try to analyze patterns, turning points and key debates that have shaped the direction of the field. Give your interpretation of how and why certain developments occurred.

If you have found some recurring central themes, you can organize your literature review into subsections that address different aspects of the topic.

For example, if you are reviewing literature about inequalities in migrant health outcomes, key themes might include healthcare policy, language barriers, cultural attitudes, legal status, and economic access.

Methodological

If you draw your sources from different disciplines or fields that use a variety of research methods , you might want to compare the results and conclusions that emerge from different approaches. For example:

• Look at what results have emerged in qualitative versus quantitative research
• Discuss how the topic has been approached by empirical versus theoretical scholarship
• Divide the literature into sociological, historical, and cultural sources

Theoretical

A literature review is often the foundation for a theoretical framework . You can use it to discuss various theories, models, and definitions of key concepts.

You might argue for the relevance of a specific theoretical approach, or combine various theoretical concepts to create a framework for your research.

Like any other academic text , your literature review should have an introduction , a main body, and a conclusion . What you include in each depends on the objective of your literature review.

The introduction should clearly establish the focus and purpose of the literature review.

Depending on the length of your literature review, you might want to divide the body into subsections. You can use a subheading for each theme, time period, or methodological approach.

As you write, you can follow these tips:

• Summarize and synthesize: give an overview of the main points of each source and combine them into a coherent whole
• Analyze and interpret: don’t just paraphrase other researchers — add your own interpretations where possible, discussing the significance of findings in relation to the literature as a whole
• Critically evaluate: mention the strengths and weaknesses of your sources
• Write in well-structured paragraphs: use transition words and topic sentences to draw connections, comparisons and contrasts

In the conclusion, you should summarize the key findings you have taken from the literature and emphasize their significance.

When you’ve finished writing and revising your literature review, don’t forget to proofread thoroughly before submitting. Not a language expert? Check out Scribbr’s professional proofreading services !

This article has been adapted into lecture slides that you can use to teach your students about writing a literature review.

Scribbr slides are free to use, customize, and distribute for educational purposes.

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If you want to know more about the research process , methodology , research bias , or statistics , make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples.

• Sampling methods
• Simple random sampling
• Stratified sampling
• Cluster sampling
• Likert scales
• Reproducibility

 Statistics

• Null hypothesis
• Statistical power
• Probability distribution
• Effect size
• Poisson distribution

Research bias

• Optimism bias
• Cognitive bias
• Implicit bias
• Hawthorne effect
• Anchoring bias
• Explicit bias

A literature review is a survey of scholarly sources (such as books, journal articles, and theses) related to a specific topic or research question .

It is often written as part of a thesis, dissertation , or research paper , in order to situate your work in relation to existing knowledge.

There are several reasons to conduct a literature review at the beginning of a research project:

• To familiarize yourself with the current state of knowledge on your topic
• To ensure that you’re not just repeating what others have already done
• To identify gaps in knowledge and unresolved problems that your research can address
• To develop your theoretical framework and methodology
• To provide an overview of the key findings and debates on the topic

Writing the literature review shows your reader how your work relates to existing research and what new insights it will contribute.

The literature review usually comes near the beginning of your thesis or dissertation . After the introduction , it grounds your research in a scholarly field and leads directly to your theoretical framework or methodology .

A literature review is a survey of credible sources on a topic, often used in dissertations , theses, and research papers . Literature reviews give an overview of knowledge on a subject, helping you identify relevant theories and methods, as well as gaps in existing research. Literature reviews are set up similarly to other  academic texts , with an introduction , a main body, and a conclusion .

An  annotated bibliography is a list of  source references that has a short description (called an annotation ) for each of the sources. It is often assigned as part of the research process for a  paper .  

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Office of Undergraduate Research

Undergraduate research cvs and résumés, cv vs. résumé - what's the difference.

A curriculum vitae, or CV, is a document that provides a comprehensive overview of your educational background, academic accomplishments, and qualifications, including your research experience, publications, awards, presentations, and honors. CVs are typically used when applying for academic, scientific, or research positions. A CV may also be used for graduate school, fellowship, or grant applications.

Résumés provide a concise (1-2 page) summary of your education, experience, and skill set. Résumés are typically used for non-academic opportunities, such as jobs, internships, or leadership positions.

At the undergraduate level, these documents may overlap, with similar content found in both. As you progress throughout your career, they will diverge as your experience level changes and your materials are tailored to address a particular audience and to match the conventions within your discipline.

Make sure to review the application information provided by the program or opportunity to determine whether a CV or résumé is preferred.

Are you new to research and developing your first résumé? The Center for Career Development has resources to assist you with preparing a résumé that highlights the transferable skills developed through academics, work experiences, volunteer activities, and extracurricular involvement, as well as connecting those transferable skills to the opportunities you are applying for.

Preparing an Undergraduate CV

Sections: how to organize your content.

The sections on your CV will depend on your experiences and what you want to highlight. For a research-focused undergraduate CV, you can include any of the following sections, modifying the specific section heading to fit your needs:

• Research Experience

Publications

Presentations.

• Grants or Fellowships
• Awards or Honors
• Skills (laboratory, technical, computer, design) and Certifications
• Internships (or relevant work experiences)
• Professional Memberships, Professional Affiliations, or Professional Societies
• Leadership, Volunteer Work, Service, Community Involvement, Extracurricular Activities

When determining the order of your sections, consider what content is applicable and relevant to the program or opportunity to which you are applying. A general guideline is to include your most relevant sections first. Within each section, organize your content in reverse chronological order, listing the most recent experiences or content first, and working your way back to older content.

Begin your CV with your name and contact information. Contact information may include your school or home address, or you may choose to exclude your address and limit your contact information to your email address, phone number, and if applicable, your personal website or LinkedIn URL.

Your name is typically in a larger font, one to two sizes larger than the content. Consider using bold so that it stands out.

Education is typically the first section of an undergraduate CV after your heading. Include the institution name, degree you are completing, your major(s), minor(s), and expected graduation date. If you are writing a thesis, you can also include the title and name(s) of your thesis advisor(s).

Academic honors may be included here as well, though you also have the option of having a separate section to highlight awards and honors.

Including your GPA is optional and will depend on what you are using your CV for. If you are submitting your CV to an opportunity where a GPA is requested, include it. GPA is not commonly included on graduate CVs, an important note to keep in mind as you progress through your academic career and move on to advanced study.

If you studied abroad, you can include the institution name, dates of attendance, and relevant coursework or focus of your studies.

Tip: It is essential that you correctly indicate the degree you are pursuing and your academic major and minor. If you are unsure of how to list your major on your CV (e.g., Psychological Sciences – not Psychology), check with your academic advisor or check your transcript to see how your major is listed. UConn undergraduate degrees include: Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Fine Arts, Bachelor of Music, Bachelor of Science, Bachelor of Science in Engineering, Bachelor of Social Work.

University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT Bachelor of Arts in History, Minor: Human Rights, expected May 20XX

• Honors Program (20XX-20XX), Dean’s List (Fall 20XX, Spring 20XX), 20XX New England Scholar
• Senior Thesis: Thesis Title
• Thesis Advisor: Dr. Jonathan Husky, Associate Professor, Department of History

University of Connecticu t, Storrs, CT Bachelor of Science, Molecular and Cell Biology , May 20XX Bachelor of Arts, Psychological Sciences , May 20XX Minor: Healthcare Management and Insurance Studies Honors Scholar and University Honors Laureate, Dean’s List (20XX-20XX, Fall 20XX)

Study Abroad in Florence, Italy, Summer 20XX Coursework: History of the European Union; Identity and Culture in Italy: A Comparative Approach

Essential information to include for each research experience:

• Dr. Jonathan Husky, Associate Professor, Statistics Department
• ABC Research Group, Biomedical Engineering Department
• University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
• Connecticut Children’s Medical Center, Hartford, CT
• Undergraduate Researcher, Summer 20XX (12 weeks, full time)
• Research Assistant, August 20XX-Present (10 hrs/week)
• If you are assisting with a research project funded by an external source (e.g., NSF, NIH), talk with your faculty mentor about the correct way to list that on your resume.
• If you received funding to support your work (e.g., SURF Award, UConn IDEA Grant), include that at the end of your description.

The order of information may vary based on how you are formatting your CV. Regardless of the order, it is essential that you are consistent. For example, if you lead with the project title for one research experience, you should lead with the title in all experiences. If you lead with the lab or research group name, stick with that throughout. Consistency is key.

Describing Your Research

For each research experience or research project you’ve engaged in, prepare descriptive sentences that explain the research, outlining the project goals and objectives, the steps you took to achieve your research goals, including methods used, and your results. Use action verbs to paint a picture of your research involvement and contributions. When possible, quantify your statements and incorporate scope, context, and purpose.

• Descriptions on a CV are typically in paragraph form, though you may opt for bullet points for organization and clarity.

Framework for structuring your descriptive statements:

• Overview of the project (Researched... to determine...; Explored and evaluated... for the purpose of...; Investigated the role of...)
• Key steps you took along the way (Surveyed...; Traveled to... for...; Examined...; Analyzed...; Collaborated with...; Evaluated...; Created...; Acquired and digitized...)
• Results/Outcomes (How did your work add value? What can we learn from your project? Established a correlation between....; Developed prototype of...; Drafted.....; Contributed to...)
• Awards/funding, if applicable (Awarded $4000 grant from the University of Connecticut as part of competitive University-wide application process to fund the project)

Research Lab Name, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT PI: Dr. First, Last Name, Title Research Assistant , Start Date (Month & Year) to End Date (or Present) Topic: One-line description of research topic

• Description – overview of the research, big picture goals and objectives for context, methods used, and key findings.
• Your Role - break down your project responsibilities and contributions towards the goals and objectives. Elaborate on your accomplishments.
• Funding/Awards - If you received funding or awards related to this project, you can indicate that here, still listing the funding/awards in the relevant category. If the project you worked on was funded by an external source, list that as well.
• Formatting – this content can be in one robust paragraph, or you can choose to break it into smaller segments using bullet points.

Dr. Jonathan Husky, Center for Advanced Animal Research, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT Research Assistant, August 20XX-Present (8 hrs/week) Project Title/Overview/Research Focus Participate in NIH funded research study investigating _____. Maintain _____ and conduct _____ for the purpose of _____. Use _____ methods to measure _____. Attend bi-weekly research group meetings to _____. Conduct literature reviews, analyze relevant scientific papers, and present to research group on a monthly basis.

Capturing multiple roles or involvement in multiple projects

If you have worked with the same research mentor for several years or on a variety of projects, consider starting with your research mentor’s information, then listing each research project with corresponding descriptions of your contributions to the work, starting with the current/most recent project and working backwards.

Research Assistant to Dr. ABC, Department of Psychological Sciences University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, Start Date (Month & Year) to Present

Project Title/Research Focus (dates working on this project) Description – overview of the research, big picture goals and objectives for context, methods used, key findings. Break down your role and contributions towards the goals and objectives. Elaborate on your accomplishments. If you received funding or awards related to this project, you can indicate that here, still listing the funding/awards in the relevant category. If the project you worked on was funded by an external source, list that as well (e.g., Collaborated on NSF-funded research assessing...)

Project Title/Research Focus (dates working on this project) Description – Conduct literature review on _____. Developed 70-question Qualtrics survey to assess _____. Collected responses from 500 participants using _____. Collaborated with team of 3 graduate student researchers to code data using _____. Co-presented results at XYZ conference in Chicago, IL.

Research Group Name, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT PI: Dr. First Last, Title, Department

Undergraduate Student Researcher , September 20XX-Present Topic: Description – overview of the research, big picture goals and objectives for context, methods used, key findings. Break down your role and contributions towards the goals and objectives. Elaborate on your accomplishments. If you received funding or awards related to this project, you can indicate that here, still listing the funding/awards in the relevant category. If the project you worked on was funded by an external source, list that as well (e.g., Collaborated on NSF-funded research assessing...)

Summer Undergraduate Research Fund (SURF) Award Recipient , Summer 20XX Project Title: Description of research and your role.

Independent research

If you have engaged in a self-directed or independent research project, you can make that clear in your description of the project. If you received support or mentorship from faculty, you may choose to include that in your description.

Project Title Independent Researcher , University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT (Dates) Faculty Mentor: Dr. First Last, Title, Department

Designed and conducted independent research project investigating the relationship between... Interviewed... to assess... Transcribed, coded, analyzed... Developed comprehensive resource booklet...

Funding: Awarded $4000 research grant from the University of Connecticut IDEA Grant program to fund the project.

Publications should be formatted in a manner appropriate for your field of study (e.g., APA, MLA), so your listings may vary from the examples provided below. Use the full citation when published. If accepted but not yet published, you can include “forthcoming” in place of the publication date.

If you are preparing a manuscript, but have not yet submitted your work for publication, or it has not been accepted, consider including that information in the description of your research.

If you have more than one manuscript that has been submitted or under review, but not yet accepted for publication, you might consider using a “Manuscripts under Review” section to highlight those.

Author(s) (in order). Title of Article. Journal Name, Edition/Year of Publication, Pages.

Husky, J. Huskies Forever: Establishing an Alumni Outreach Program. Journal of College Student Success. 20XX; 22(1): 44-48.

Last F, Husky J. Wellness, Motivation, and Healthy Lifestyles in College Students. Journal of College Student Success . Forthcoming, accepted for publication in April 20XX.

Presenting your research at a professional conference or similar event is a valuable experience and one that should be noted on your CV. Presentations can be in their own section, or you can list them with each research experience. Consider having a separate presentations category when you have multiple experiences to include, or if you want to draw attention to your presentations.

Formatting for presentations will be based on the conventions within your field of study. Talk with faculty mentors about the correct way to go about this for your academic discipline.

Wellness, Motivation, and Healthy Lifestyles in College Students , 10th Annual Conference on Undergraduate Research, June 1, 20XX, Boston, MA.

Frontiers in Undergraduate Research Poster Exhibition, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, April 20XX. Husky, Jonathan. “Huskies Forever: Establishing an Alumni Outreach Program” (poster presentation).

“History of Mascots at the University of Connecticut: 1934 to 2014.” Presented at 4th Annual College Sports Symposium. New York, NY, May 20XX (oral presentation).

Husky, Jonathan. (20XX, June XX-XX). Self-Esteem, Motivation, and Healthy Lifestyles in College Students (Poster Session). 10th Annual Conference on Undergraduate Research, Boston, MA.

Skills and Certifications

Skills and certifications may be combined into one category, or you can divide them into their own categories. Consider including laboratory skills, equipment, technology and software, animal handling, sample preparation and processing, database management, languages, and certifications that are relevant to your academic discipline and goals.

If you have a significant amount of skills in a particular area that you want to draw attention to, consider breaking down your skills into additional categories (see example 2).

Laboratory: ELISA, Fluorescent microscopy, microdissection, cell culture, Gel Electrophoresis, PCR Technology: MatLab, Minitab, SPSS, Stata Certifications: CITI Human Subjects Research Course – Biomedical Research and Social/Behavioral Research, American Red Cross CPR/AED, Pediatric CPR and First Aid Languages: Fluent in Hindi, Advanced Urdu

Laboratory Skills

• Crystallization; Fractional, Vacuum, and Steam Distillation; Gravity and Vacuum Filtration; Thin-layer Chromatography, Interpretation of HPLC, NMR, UV/VIS and IR spectra
• Spectrophotometry; Ion Exchange, Gel Filtration, and Affinity Chromatography; Western Blot Technique; SDS-PAGE
• PAGE and Agarose Gel, Fluorescence Spectroscopy, DNA synthesis, PCR, Transcription, Enzymatic Ligation
• Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Zeta Potential, DNA Functionalized Nanoparticles

Honors and Awards

Significant honors and awards that are not recognizable outside of UConn should be explained to give you credit for your accomplishments. Consider including a brief description to help readers understand the purpose and scope of the award. As you advance in your career, descriptions of undergraduate awards may be removed, listing only the award name and year.

• UConn IDEA Grant Recipient , April 20XX: Awarded $4000 grant from the University of Connecticut to support an independent research project conducted under the mentorship of Dr. Jonathan Husky.

20XX University Scholar, University of Connecticut

• Selected as one of XX students to participate in a prestigious program that supports design and pursuit of an intensive three-semester research project and learning plan during the final undergraduate semesters.

Summer Undergraduate Research Fund Award Recipient, Summer 20XX

• Awarded $4500 grant from the University of Connecticut through competitive application process to support an independent research project in collaboration with the ABC Lab.

CV Formatting and General Tips

• Review your CV with your faculty mentor/PI to assure you are not disclosing confidential research results or information and to assure you are clearly explaining the research project. Faculty mentors can also guide you on the appropriate conventions within your field of study.
• Be truthful – give yourself credit for what you’ve accomplished but do not exaggerate or mislead your role in the research.
• Be careful with acronyms. If it is one that is widely used and recognizable within your field, it is fine to use it. If not, spell it out.
• CVs do not have a page limit. However, that does not mean you should include absolutely everything you have done. You want to strategically edit content and limit your CV to relevant information.
• CVs are formatted in an uncomplicated way. Avoid over-designing your CV. Use bold and italics strategically and minimally. Avoid underlining; this is typically reserved for hyperlinks.
• Use 11-12 point font and 1 inch margins. Your name should be 1-2 pts larger. Section headings can also be larger. Choose an easy-to-read font (e.g., Arial, Calibri, Times New Roman).
• Don’t crowd your content; use space!
• Faculty often include their CVs on their bio page or website. Review these to understand how this document is used and the conventions within your academic discipline.

Converting Your Undergraduate CV into a Research Résumé

The research résumé.

Your résumé provides potential employers and programs a snapshot of your background, skills, and experiences to help them assess your candidacy. Think of it as a marketing tool that you can use to strategically highlight and emphasize your most relevant background experiences and significant accomplishments.

Résumés are typically shorter than a CV (1-2 pages, depending on your field/industry), focusing on key highlights that are relevant to the opportunity you are seeking. You will need to tailor your résumé for each application or opportunity.

To convert your CV into a résumé, start by identifying the most relevant, applicable content. Copy that content into a new document. From there, you can adjust your formatting to fit your content on one page, possibly two, depending on the field/industry.

When formatting a résumé, you want to condense and tighten your formatting. Consider reducing the spacing between experiences, adjusting the margins to make them smaller (try .75” instead of 1”), and perhaps reducing the font size (10 or 11pt).

Key details about your research experience that are included on your CV need to be included on your résumé. These include your affiliations, PI/faculty mentor’s name, your position or title, and dates affiliated. Consider shortening your descriptions, trimming down to the most pertinent information that helps readers recognize the transferable skills gained through a research experience. Focus on the process and results of your work, aligning the skills you demonstrated and developed to the position you’re applying for. If your descriptions are in paragraph form, consider changing those to a bulleted list, as this is more common on a résumé.

General Research Résumé Tips

• Review your résumé with your faculty mentor/PI to assure you’re not disclosing confidential research results or information and that you are clearly explaining the research.
• Utilize strong action verbs to describe your research experiences. Contextualize your research experiences and contributions to the project.
• Quantify and qualify – provide numbers and details to help readers get a picture of your research involvement.
• Tailor your résumé to your target audience. Use different versions and/or format for different fields or types of opportunities.
• Make the category headings work for you. Similar to your CV, you can group related experiences together in categories such as Research Experience, Academic Accomplishments, Publications, and Presentations. Don’t feel limited to standard resume categories such as Work Experience or Activities.
• Use the correct tense: present tense for experiences you’re actively engaged in and past tense for those you are no longer engaged in.
• The higher up something is on the page, the more likely it will be read; be strategic about the order in which you present information.
• Format should be easy to read and not cluttered or text-heavy.
• Have your résumé reviewed by trusted advisors.
• Save your résumé as a PDF to maintain formatting (unless the program or recipient specifically requests it in another format).
• Be truthful – give yourself credit for what you’ve accomplished, but do not exaggerate or mislead.

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How to List Research Experience on Your Resume

Applying for a role that requires research skills? Here’s how to list your research experience on a resume, with examples you can follow.

3 years ago   •   7 min read

Research experience isn’t just for science and academia. Research is a valuable skill that’s required for a number of roles and industries, which means it almost certainly has a place on your resume. And no — that doesn’t mean writing “research” in your skills section and moving on.

Why you should list research experience on your resume

If you’re applying for a job that involves research, listing research experience is a no-brainer. Research-specific positions, scientific jobs like Research Assistants , Lab Assistants or Technicians, graduate school applications, and most jobs in academia all require evidence of research skills. Even outside these positions, research experience demonstrates valuable transferable skills, like critical thinking and attention to detail . Which is not to say that you need to include research experience on every resume — if it makes you a stronger candidate, include it, but if it isn’t relevant and doesn’t add anything else to your candidacy, leave it off.

Research experience resume example

Before we dive right in, here's a sample resume that emphasizes research skills. You can use this as a template or as inspiration to write your own resume from scratch.

Download: PDF | Google Docs

How to list research experience in your resume

Like a lot of desirable skills, research is a soft skill , meaning it’s not something you can claim as an objective fact on your resume without backing it up. What you can do instead is prove it — what previous role involved a lot of research? What resume accomplishments do you have that highlight your research experience? Showing how you used research skills in action is the best way to demonstrate the value you could bring to the company and role you’re applying for.

There are a number of ways you can highlight research experience on your resume:

In a dedicated section

In your work experience, in your education section, listing research publications, in a projects section, in your skills section, in your resume summary.

Let's take a look at each of these options in a little more depth. But first, let's look at an annotated example to help set the context.

If you come from a research background, you might want to title your work experience ‘Research.’ Alternatively, you could create two experience sections — one titled ‘Work Experience’ and one titled ‘Research Experience’ — if you also have a lot of non-research experience but want to highlight your most relevant experience first. You can go into more detail when applying for a research-focused role by describing the project and specifying the nature of the research and your role in it.

More information: How to title different sections of your resume

Including research experience in your main work experience section is appropriate if it was paid work or if it was your most recent and relevant experience. List the employer — for example, the university or research department — job title, dates, and accomplishments, just like you would any other work experience.

More information: How to list your work experience on your resume

If you’re a current student or recent graduate, you can list your education section at the top of your resume. You can also make this section a little more comprehensive if you don’t have a lot of work experience, by including things like awards, coursework, and academic research.

If you undertook research as part of your studies and it demonstrates skills relevant to the job you’re applying for, list your research accomplishments in bullet points under the education section of your resume.

More information: The must-haves when writing your education on your resume

If you have a lot of publications that came out of your research, and you want to draw attention to them — and if they’re relevant to the job you’re applying for — consider creating a separate publications section . Formal publications like these are an excellent way to add credibility to your research experience.

List each publication in a new bullet point with the title, year, and name of the magazine, website, or journal. Academic publications can be listed more formally if it’s relevant, like if you’re applying for graduate school or a role in academia.

When it comes to listing research on your resume, like other soft skills, you need to show you’ve used this skill in your previous roles by showcasing your research related accomplishments. Upload your resume to the tool below to find out if your resume highlights your most relevant research experience and achievements.

If your research experience is less extensive or wasn’t quite relevant enough to include alongside your work experience or education, you can still highlight it in a projects section. Keep this brief and include 1-2 bullet points showcasing your key research accomplishments.

More information: How to list projects on a resume

Research skills can go in your skills section — as long as they’re hard skills. Steer clear of listing generic skills like “Research” — instead, use our keyword finder to look for relevant skills and keywords and include specific hard skills like data analysis, project management, software proficiency, and certifications.

You can also use the skills search tool below to get a list of hard skills relevant to the research-focused role you’re applying for.

More information: How to write a resume skills section

If you’re applying for a position where research experience is essential, consider emphasizing your experience by including a short resume summary at the top of your resume. This should include the title of the job you’re applying for and a brief overview of your background and key skills.

More information: Generate a summary for your resume

Examples of listing research experience on your resume

No matter where you choose to include it, always list research experience in concise, accomplishment-focused bullet points . These should follow the structure of action verb + what you did + what the result was. Here are some examples of resume bullet points you can use or modify to suit your own research experiences.

Highlight research projects

• Assisted with cell development research projects as part of the Leukemia Research team — identifying cell changes, determining cell counts and coulter counters with 98% accuracy.

If you have significant research experience, describe it! The more relevant it is to the position you’re applying for, the more detail you can go into. Make sure to specify exactly what stages of research you worked on and what your contribution was.

Mention awards for your research

• Awarded “Total Quality Award” in recognition of consistent high standards of quality work for research excellence (only 3 awarded in class of 500).

If the high quality of your work has been acknowledged by an award, early promotion , or similar outside recognition, include it! In addition to the name of the award or accolade, don’t forget to specify context (e.g. 'out of class of 500 people' to increase its credibility.

Demonstrate technical expertise

• Created over 75 3D models with CAD tools such as Solidworks and ANSYS.

If you have experience with specific software or tools that you’ll be using in the position you’re applying for, include a bullet point accomplishment specifying how you’ve used them. While this isn't direct 'research' experience, it uses tools that are relevant to research projects — this is a good way of showing that you have research skill sets without having formal research experience.

Use 'research-focused' action verbs

• Researched and edited two articles and one book chapter on prenatal substance abuse, policy implication of Human Genome Project.

Use action verbs like "Researched" or "Scoured" which clearly emphasize research skills. In some cases (like in this example), you can list publications in your bullet points itself. If you’ve authored academic papers, books, or articles, this is a great way to show the validity and importance of your research.

Include accomplishments related to research studies

• Oversaw screening and recruitment of over 100 participants to study, liaised with laboratory personnel and site coordinators to ensure study is completed on time with 100% success.

Not all research positions involve pure research. Make sure you highlight appropriate related accomplishments, like managing research study participant data and enrolments or managing a team of research assistants.

Include accomplishments relating to research in your field

• Conducted legal research; organized and analyzed data and evidence for over 50 cases annually.

If research is part of the job description, make sure you include at least one bullet point highlighting how you’ve used those skills in the past. Including metrics, like the number of cases you’ve researched, contextualizes your accomplishments and helps them stand out.

• Conducted marketing research for both buy-side and sell-side resulting in 15 strong leads.

Research isn’t just limited to science and academia. Demonstrate your skills in action by the context and end results of your research, like the number of leads it generated or the increase in sales figures.

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How to List Publications on a Resume: A Guide for Researchers

In This Guide:

What kind of publications can you include on your resume, should i include publications on my resume, how do you list publications on a resume, publications not yet published, how to put publications on your resume: takeaways.

You have written publications, but you don’t know whether and how to list them in your resume?

Don’t worry, you are not alone.

Publications on a resume are not among the most famous sections to include.

It’s crucial to list them in an organized manner and present them according to their relevance and significance regarding the position.

Even if you are not an Academic or a Scientist, you may have suitable writing work. Including these articles could help you to be noticed among the other participants.

Stay with us, and you will learn how to include your publications on a resume and prepare for a job interview using this guide for prospective Ph.D. students.

What is more, you could build your own unique resume using our resume builder .

What are publications on a resume?

Publications, also called academic publishing, distribute academic research and scholarship. Most of this work is published in academic journal articles, books or thesis’ form. Most scientific and scholarly journals, and many academic and scholarly books, though not all, are based on some form of peer review or editorial refereeing to qualify texts for publication.

What counts as a publication?

Is a website considered a publication?

It depends.

If you are a Marketer, Copywriter, or similar, you could include website articles, even if they are not peer-reviewed.

However, when you are applying to a strictly academic position, be cautious to only include publications and articles that are in industry journal publications and trade association websites.

What counts as a peer-reviewed publication?

A peer-reviewed publication is also sometimes referred to as a scholarly publication. Peer-reviewed publications are articles, scholarly works, researches, or ideas written by experts and reviewed by several other experts in the field before published in the journal in order to ensure their quality.

Do blog posts count as publications?

Avoid listing blog posts published in magazines or nonscientific publications. If your thesis was not published in a journal, better list it in the “Education” section of your CV.

The simple answer is that if you have publications that are related to your job application, you should include them on your resume to allow the Hiring Manager to see your work first hand.

Of course, when the type of publication is not suitable or relevant to the vacancy or the subject matter does not have any relation to the position, leave it off. You can include many more suitable things in your resume.

Sometimes it is not appropriate to cite publications in a resume If you do not have a number of publications that warrant its own section. Then you can include the publications in other sections of the resume.

Step by step:

• Cite publications in resumes with either MLA or APA style.

Choose a style for your citations and follow it through all of your publications. You can use MLA or APA style.

Good to know is that humanities fields such as philosophy, history, and language often follow MLA style, while science and engineering fields typically follow APA style.

MLA format:

[LAST NAME], [FIRST INITIAL]. “[ARTICLE TITLE].” [JOURNAL NAME] [VOLUME NUMBER].[YEAR] ISSUE NUMBER: [PAGES]

APA format:

[LAST NAME], [FIRST INITIAL]. [ARTICLE TITLE]. [JOURNAL NAME] [VOLUME NUMBER] ([ISSUE NUMBER]) [PAGES]. [YEAR]

• List peer-reviewed publications first.

To gain more credibility for your publications in the eyes of the Hiring Manager, be sure to list your peer-publications first. It is better if the publications you include for an academic position are all peer-reviewed, however it’s not absolutely necessary.

• Show books first, then book chapters.

When you write your publications, first include the name of the book, article, or magazine, and after the chapter or the pages, you have written.

• Create a list of publications by year

Start with your most recent publication, and list the rest in descending order until you get to the first work you had published.

• Include the date for each publication

Don’t forget to include the date for each publication. It’s important for the Recruiter because it would be easier to find your publication.

• Write author names first, then title and publication.

Write first all of the names of the authors. Then include the title of the publication. It’s not a problem if there is more than one author, you can separate them with “and”.

• List other non-peer-reviewed publications last.

We said that it’s best if all of your publications are peer-reviewed. However, if you have non-peer-reviewed articles, you could also include them, but leave them last.

• Last, add information about volume and issue.

You have written the authors, the title, and the year of the publication. After that add what are the volume and the issue of your article.

After following these rules, you are ready.

Where to put publications on my resume:

• In education section

If you don’t have peer-reviewed publications or your articles are listed in magazines or nonscientific publications, it’s better to include them in your education section.

What is more, if you only have one publication, you should also list it under your Education. There is no need to make a separate section for only one article.

• In a separate section

When you have more than one peer-reviewed publication, you could make a separate section in your resume called “Publications”. There you could easily follow the step-by-step guide we made earlier in the article.

Examples of Listing Publications on CVs & Resumes

• Example 1 – list this as a sentence/paragraph

Kafer, Julien. ‘Microbiology and medicine.’ Undergraduate Biology Journal. Volume 15: pages 32-46. 2020. Kafer, Julien and Johnson, Marcella. ‘Native fungi of Colorado.’ Denver Nature Journal. Volume 3: pages 7-9. 2017.

If needed, you can add a sentence or two to go into specifics like the example above.

Example of researcher resume

In Enhancv there are thousands of different resume examples you can see.

Now, we are on the topic of how to list publications, however, it’s not an absolute necessity to have peer-viewed articles for you to stand out in the crowd.

Here you can see our guide on how to make an incredible Researcher resume , that would definitely get you the job.

In cases where publications are in the process of being printed, but not yet available, list these as “in press”. This of course, if the article is relevant to the position you are applying for.

You could also follow the steps we gave you above.

While it is tempting to include every achievement in your life, it is important to maintain focus. Only include research and publications that demonstrate skills or show experience relevant to the position.

Your research and publications can help the Hiring Manager to identify you as a recognized expert in your field. That can only help you get the perfect job.

In this article, we gave you tips on how to list publications on a resume.

Here are the takeaways:

• If you have peer-reviewed publications include them in a separate section;
• If you have only one article, list it under the Education section;
• List publications with either MLA or APA style in your resume;
• List publications that are not published yet by writing “in press”.

*** What are your thoughts? Did you list your publications on your resume? Give us a shout-out in the comments below. We’d love to hear from you!

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Writing a Literature Review

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A literature review is a document or section of a document that collects key sources on a topic and discusses those sources in conversation with each other (also called synthesis ). The lit review is an important genre in many disciplines, not just literature (i.e., the study of works of literature such as novels and plays). When we say “literature review” or refer to “the literature,” we are talking about the research ( scholarship ) in a given field. You will often see the terms “the research,” “the scholarship,” and “the literature” used mostly interchangeably.

Where, when, and why would I write a lit review?

There are a number of different situations where you might write a literature review, each with slightly different expectations; different disciplines, too, have field-specific expectations for what a literature review is and does. For instance, in the humanities, authors might include more overt argumentation and interpretation of source material in their literature reviews, whereas in the sciences, authors are more likely to report study designs and results in their literature reviews; these differences reflect these disciplines’ purposes and conventions in scholarship. You should always look at examples from your own discipline and talk to professors or mentors in your field to be sure you understand your discipline’s conventions, for literature reviews as well as for any other genre.

A literature review can be a part of a research paper or scholarly article, usually falling after the introduction and before the research methods sections. In these cases, the lit review just needs to cover scholarship that is important to the issue you are writing about; sometimes it will also cover key sources that informed your research methodology.

Lit reviews can also be standalone pieces, either as assignments in a class or as publications. In a class, a lit review may be assigned to help students familiarize themselves with a topic and with scholarship in their field, get an idea of the other researchers working on the topic they’re interested in, find gaps in existing research in order to propose new projects, and/or develop a theoretical framework and methodology for later research. As a publication, a lit review usually is meant to help make other scholars’ lives easier by collecting and summarizing, synthesizing, and analyzing existing research on a topic. This can be especially helpful for students or scholars getting into a new research area, or for directing an entire community of scholars toward questions that have not yet been answered.

What are the parts of a lit review?

Most lit reviews use a basic introduction-body-conclusion structure; if your lit review is part of a larger paper, the introduction and conclusion pieces may be just a few sentences while you focus most of your attention on the body. If your lit review is a standalone piece, the introduction and conclusion take up more space and give you a place to discuss your goals, research methods, and conclusions separately from where you discuss the literature itself.

Introduction:

• An introductory paragraph that explains what your working topic and thesis is
• A forecast of key topics or texts that will appear in the review
• Potentially, a description of how you found sources and how you analyzed them for inclusion and discussion in the review (more often found in published, standalone literature reviews than in lit review sections in an article or research paper)
• Summarize and synthesize: Give an overview of the main points of each source and combine them into a coherent whole
• Analyze and interpret: Don’t just paraphrase other researchers – add your own interpretations where possible, discussing the significance of findings in relation to the literature as a whole
• Critically Evaluate: Mention the strengths and weaknesses of your sources
• Write in well-structured paragraphs: Use transition words and topic sentence to draw connections, comparisons, and contrasts.

Conclusion:

• Summarize the key findings you have taken from the literature and emphasize their significance
• Connect it back to your primary research question

How should I organize my lit review?

Lit reviews can take many different organizational patterns depending on what you are trying to accomplish with the review. Here are some examples:

• Chronological : The simplest approach is to trace the development of the topic over time, which helps familiarize the audience with the topic (for instance if you are introducing something that is not commonly known in your field). If you choose this strategy, be careful to avoid simply listing and summarizing sources in order. Try to analyze the patterns, turning points, and key debates that have shaped the direction of the field. Give your interpretation of how and why certain developments occurred (as mentioned previously, this may not be appropriate in your discipline — check with a teacher or mentor if you’re unsure).
• Thematic : If you have found some recurring central themes that you will continue working with throughout your piece, you can organize your literature review into subsections that address different aspects of the topic. For example, if you are reviewing literature about women and religion, key themes can include the role of women in churches and the religious attitude towards women.
• Qualitative versus quantitative research
• Empirical versus theoretical scholarship
• Divide the research by sociological, historical, or cultural sources
• Theoretical : In many humanities articles, the literature review is the foundation for the theoretical framework. You can use it to discuss various theories, models, and definitions of key concepts. You can argue for the relevance of a specific theoretical approach or combine various theorical concepts to create a framework for your research.

What are some strategies or tips I can use while writing my lit review?

Any lit review is only as good as the research it discusses; make sure your sources are well-chosen and your research is thorough. Don’t be afraid to do more research if you discover a new thread as you’re writing. More info on the research process is available in our "Conducting Research" resources .

As you’re doing your research, create an annotated bibliography ( see our page on the this type of document ). Much of the information used in an annotated bibliography can be used also in a literature review, so you’ll be not only partially drafting your lit review as you research, but also developing your sense of the larger conversation going on among scholars, professionals, and any other stakeholders in your topic.

Usually you will need to synthesize research rather than just summarizing it. This means drawing connections between sources to create a picture of the scholarly conversation on a topic over time. Many student writers struggle to synthesize because they feel they don’t have anything to add to the scholars they are citing; here are some strategies to help you:

• It often helps to remember that the point of these kinds of syntheses is to show your readers how you understand your research, to help them read the rest of your paper.
• Writing teachers often say synthesis is like hosting a dinner party: imagine all your sources are together in a room, discussing your topic. What are they saying to each other?
• Look at the in-text citations in each paragraph. Are you citing just one source for each paragraph? This usually indicates summary only. When you have multiple sources cited in a paragraph, you are more likely to be synthesizing them (not always, but often
• Read more about synthesis here.

The most interesting literature reviews are often written as arguments (again, as mentioned at the beginning of the page, this is discipline-specific and doesn’t work for all situations). Often, the literature review is where you can establish your research as filling a particular gap or as relevant in a particular way. You have some chance to do this in your introduction in an article, but the literature review section gives a more extended opportunity to establish the conversation in the way you would like your readers to see it. You can choose the intellectual lineage you would like to be part of and whose definitions matter most to your thinking (mostly humanities-specific, but this goes for sciences as well). In addressing these points, you argue for your place in the conversation, which tends to make the lit review more compelling than a simple reporting of other sources.

3 Book Reviewer Resume Examples for 2024

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• • Streamlined bookkeeping processes, resulting in a 30% reduction in time spent on data entry.
• • Prepared and analyzed monthly financial statements, identifying cost-saving opportunities that resulted in a 15% decrease in expenses.
• • Collaborated with clients to develop customized financial reports, meeting their specific needs and improving client satisfaction.
• • Performed regular audits of financial records, ensuring accuracy and compliance with regulatory standards.
• • Assisted in the implementation of a new accounting software, resulting in increased efficiency and improved data accuracy.
• • Created and maintained detailed financial reports for internal use, providing crucial insights for decision-making.
• • Assisted in the preparation of annual financial reports, ensuring accuracy and compliance with regulatory requirements.
• • Collaborated with cross-functional teams to resolve accounting discrepancies, resulting in improved data integrity.
• • Developed and implemented standardized procedures for invoice processing, leading to a 20% reduction in invoice errors.

Modern Book Reviewer Resume Example

Creative Book Reviewer Resume Example

When applying for a book reviewer position in 2024, it's crucial to ensure your resume stands out from the competition. Here are three key aspects to consider when formatting your resume:

1. Length, Design, and Format

Keep your resume concise and focused by limiting it to one or two pages. *Avoid overly elaborate designs* that distract from the content. Instead, opt for a clean and professional format that enhances readability. Stick to a standard font size and typeface, such as Arial or Times New Roman.

2. Essential and Optional Sections

When crafting your book reviewer resume, there are several essential sections to include:

• Contact Information: Provide your name, phone number, email address, and LinkedIn profile link.
• Summary/Objective: Create a concise summary highlighting your relevant skills and experience.
• Experience: Detail your professional work history, emphasizing any previous roles related to writing, reviewing, or publishing.
• Education: Include relevant degrees, certifications, and any coursework related to literature or writing.
• Skills: List relevant skills, such as critical analysis, attention to detail, and familiarity with different genres.

In addition to these essential sections, consider including optional but impactful sections, such as:

• Publications: Highlight any published book reviews, articles, or literary analysis.
• Professional Memberships: Mention memberships in book clubs, writing associations, or literary circles.
• Volunteer Experience: If you have volunteered at libraries, literary festivals, or writing workshops, mention it to showcase your passion for literature.

3. Using the Context-Action-Result Framework for Experience

When describing your experience, follow the Context-Action-Result (CAR) framework to provide a clear understanding of your achievements:

• Context: Begin by providing the context of your responsibilities and the overall situation.
• Action: Describe the actions you took to fulfill your role as a book reviewer or any relevant writing/editing tasks.
• Result: Highlight the positive outcomes, such as increased engagement, higher ratings, or improved readership.

Here are a few examples of bullet points using the CAR framework:

• Implemented a new rating system for book reviews, resulting in a 20% increase in reader engagement.
• Authored captivating and concise book summaries, enhancing the readability and accessibility of content.
• Collaborated with authors, publishers, and fellow reviewers to build a professional network and exchange literary insights.
• Keep your resume concise: Limit it to one or two pages.
• Stick to a clean and professional format: Avoid distracting designs and use a standard font.
• Include essential sections: Contact information, summary/objective, experience, education, and skills.
• Consider optional impactful sections: Publications, professional memberships, and volunteer experience.
• Utilize the CAR framework: Describe your experience with clear context, action, and result statements.

By following these guidelines, you'll be well-equipped to create an impressive resume that highlights your expertise as a book reviewer. Good luck with your job search!

Top 7 Soft Skills for Book Reviewer Resume

• Passion for reading and literature
• Strong organizational skills
• Time management skills
• Ability to work under pressure
• Flexibility and adaptability
• Open-mindedness

Top 7 Hard Skills for Book Reviewer Resume

• Knowledge of various literary genres
• Strong analytical and critical thinking skills
• Excellent writing skills
• Proficiency in grammar and punctuation
• Ability to write concise and coherent book summaries
• Attention to detail
• Familiarity with digital platforms for book reviews

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a book reviewer resume.

A book reviewer resume is a document that outlines the qualifications, skills, and experience of a person seeking a job as a book reviewer. It highlights relevant information such as previous book reviewing experience, education, and writing abilities.

What should be included in a book reviewer resume?

A book reviewer resume should include information about your relevant education, work experience related to book reviewing, any published book reviews, writing skills, knowledge of different literary genres, and any relevant certifications or memberships in professional book reviewing associations.

How do I format my book reviewer resume?

Your book reviewer resume should be well-organized and easy to read. Use a professional font, include headings for different sections (such as 'Education', 'Work Experience', 'Skills', etc.), and use bullet points to highlight your key qualifications and achievements.

What skills are important for a book reviewer?

Important skills for a book reviewer include strong writing skills, excellent reading comprehension, critical thinking abilities, a good understanding of different literary genres and writing styles, attention to detail, and the ability to meet deadlines.

Should I include references in my book reviewer resume?

It's generally not necessary to include references in your book reviewer resume. However, you can mention that references are available upon request. It's a good practice to have a separate list of references that you can provide if requested during the interview process.

How can I gain experience as a book reviewer?

To gain experience as a book reviewer, you can start by writing book reviews for your personal blog or local publications. You can also join online book reviewing communities, participate in book clubs, and network with authors and publishers. Building a portfolio of your work can help showcase your skills to potential employers.

For more inspiration, why not check out our free resource of job-focused resume examples?

Fashion Model

Creating a sleek and professional resume is crucial in the competitive world of fashion modeling. In 2024, it's essential to be aware of certain guidelines to ensure your resume stands out from the crowd. Here are some important factors to consider when formatting your fashion model resume: Length Keep it concise. A fashion model resume should ideally be one page long. Remember, casting directors and agents receive numerous resumes, so a brief and compelling resume is more likely to grab their attention. Use short paragraphs and bullet points to convey your information effectively. Design Keep it clean and stylish. Your resume should reflect your sense of style and professionalism. Opt for a minimalist design with a modern font that is easy to read. Avoid using excessive colors or elaborate graphics that may distract from your qualifications. Format Reverse chronological order. When listing your experiences and education, arrange them in reverse chronological order, with the most recent ones first. This format allows recruiters to quickly assess your most recent and relevant accomplishments. While every resume should include essential sections such as contact information and a summary, there are additional sections that are particularly impactful for fashion model resumes. Here are some popular sections to consider: Portfolio Highlight your best work. Include a section showcasing your portfolio with high-quality images from your modeling projects. This allows casting directors and agents to see your range and versatility as a model. Measurements Provide accurate measurements. Fashion modeling often requires specific body measurements. Include your height, weight, bust, waist, and hip measurements to demonstrate your suitability for different fashion campaigns. Skills Showcase your unique abilities. Fashion modeling involves various skills beyond posing. Include relevant skills such as runway walking, posing techniques, makeup application, and knowledge of fashion trends to highlight your expertise. When listing your experience on a fashion model resume, it's vital to use a structured framework like the Context-Action-Result (CAR) format. This framework allows you to provide specific examples of your previous accomplishments and demonstrate your value to potential employers. Here are some examples of bullet points using the CAR framework: Context: Collaborated with renowned fashion designers to showcase their collections on the runway. Participated in high-profile fashion campaigns for major international brands. Action: Performed various runway walks, including haute couture and swimwear. Styled and prepared for photo shoots by following creative briefs and collaborating with photographers, makeup artists, and stylists. Result: Received accolades for exceptional runway performances, including positive media coverage. Contributed to successful photo campaigns that increased brand awareness and sales. To summarize, here are some key takeaways for creating an impressive fashion model resume: Keep your resume concise and sleek, ideally one page long. Use a clean and stylish design that reflects your sense of style and professionalism. Arrange your experiences and education in reverse chronological order. Include impactful sections such as a portfolio, measurements, and relevant skills. Utilize the Context-Action-Result framework to showcase your achievements and contributions. By following these guidelines, you can create a standout fashion model resume that captures the attention of casting directors and agents, increasing your chances of landing exciting modeling opportunities.

Cost Analyst

In 2024, formatting your resume for a cost analyst job requires careful attention to length, design, and format. Here's what you need to be aware of: Length: Keep your resume concise and limit it to one or two pages. Recruiters and hiring managers have limited time, so focus on highlighting your most relevant skills and experiences. Design: Opt for a clean and professional design. Use a legible font, such as Arial or Calibri, and maintain consistent formatting throughout the document. Format: Arrange your resume in a reverse-chronological order, starting with the most recent experience. Use clear headings and subheadings to organize each section and make it easy for recruiters to find the information they need. When it comes to a cost analyst resume, there are several sections that are crucial for showcasing your qualifications: Contact Information: Include your name, phone number, email address, and LinkedIn profile (if applicable). Summary/Objective Statement: Write a concise summary or objective that highlights your relevant skills and goals as a cost analyst. Skills: List your technical skills, such as proficiency in data analysis tools and software, as well as any certifications or specialized knowledge. Experience: Detail your work history, including relevant roles, companies, dates, and descriptions that demonstrate your cost analysis expertise. Education: Highlight your educational background, including degrees and any relevant coursework or certifications. Achievements: Showcase any notable achievements, such as cost savings or process improvements, that demonstrate your impact as a cost analyst. References: Optionally, you can include references or indicate that they are available upon request. The best way to write about your experience as a cost analyst is by using the Context-Action-Result (CAR) framework. This framework helps you formulate impactful bullet points that highlight your achievements: Context: Start by providing the context or situation in which you applied your cost analysis skills. For example, "Analyzed budget allocations for a multinational manufacturing company." Action: Describe the actions you took to address the situation. For instance, "Developed cost models to identify areas of inefficiency and proposed cost-saving measures." Result: Finally, quantify the outcome of your actions, such as "Achieved a 15% reduction in production costs, saving the company $500,000 annually." Here are a few examples of bullet points that utilize the CAR framework: Conducted financial analysis to identify cost-saving opportunities, resulting in a 10% decrease in operational expenses. Implemented a new cost tracking system, leading to improved accuracy and a 20% reduction in budget variances. Collaborated with cross-functional teams to develop cost reduction strategies, resulting in annual savings of $1 million. To summarize, when creating a cost analyst resume in 2024: Pay attention to the length, design, and format of your resume to make it visually appealing and easy to read. Include crucial sections such as contact information, summary/objective, skills, experience, education, achievements, and optionally references. Utilize the Context-Action-Result framework to craft impactful bullet points that highlight your cost analysis achievements. By following these guidelines and tailoring your resume to the specific requirements of the cost analyst role, you can increase your chances of impressing hiring managers and landing your dream job.

Court Interpreter

When creating a resume for a court interpreter position in 2024, there are a few important formatting considerations to keep in mind. These include the length, design, and format of your resume. Length While there is no strict rule on the length of a court interpreter resume, it is generally recommended to keep it concise and focused. Aim for a one to two-page document that highlights your most relevant skills and experiences. Hiring managers often have limited time, so a shorter resume that gets straight to the point is more likely to make an impact. Design Simplicity is key when it comes to resume design. Stick to a clean and professional layout that is easy to read. Use a legible font and appropriate font size, typically around 11 or 12 points. Avoid using excessive colors, graphics, or fancy formatting that may distract from the content of your resume. Format In terms of format, it is important to choose a chronological or combination resume format. These formats emphasize your work experience and skills, which are crucial for a court interpreter position. However, if you have limited professional experience in the field, you may opt for a functional resume format that focuses on your relevant skills and qualifications. When creating your court interpreter resume, there are several sections that you should include to make it comprehensive and impactful: Contact Information Your full name Phone number Email address Professional website (if applicable) Summary or Objective Statement A brief paragraph summarizing your experience and skills, tailored to the court interpreter role. Skills Fluency in multiple languages Excellent verbal and written communication skills Knowledge of legal terminology Strong interpretation and translation abilities Attention to detail Ability to maintain confidentiality Experience Focus on relevant work experience, internships, or volunteer roles that demonstrate your ability to interpret in a legal setting. Use the Context-Action-Result (CAR) framework to describe your experience: Context: Provide a brief overview of the situation or task you were faced with. Action: Describe the specific actions you took to address the situation or complete the task. Result: Highlight the positive outcomes or contributions resulting from your actions. Example: Context: Interpreted court proceedings between English-speaking attorneys and non-English-speaking defendants in high-profile criminal cases. Action: Facilitated clear and accurate communication by providing simultaneous interpretation during trials and hearings. Result: Ensured equal access to justice and fair proceedings for defendants, contributing to successful outcomes in numerous cases. Education List your educational background, including relevant degrees, certificates, or training programs. Certifications Include any certifications or licenses specific to court interpretation, such as those obtained through professional organizations or government agencies. Keep your court interpreter resume concise and well-organized. Focus on relevant skills, experience, and qualifications. Use the CAR framework to effectively describe your experience. Incorporate sections such as Contact Information, Summary/Objective Statement, Skills, Experience, Education, and Certifications. Ensure your resume is visually appealing and easy to read. By following these guidelines and tailoring your resume to the court interpreter role, you can increase your chances of standing out to potential employers in 2024 and beyond.

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• Volume 24, Issue 2
• Five tips for developing useful literature summary tables for writing review articles
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• http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0157-5319 Ahtisham Younas 1 , 2 ,
• http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7839-8130 Parveen Ali 3 , 4
• 1 Memorial University of Newfoundland , St John's , Newfoundland , Canada
• 2 Swat College of Nursing , Pakistan
• 3 School of Nursing and Midwifery , University of Sheffield , Sheffield , South Yorkshire , UK
• 4 Sheffield University Interpersonal Violence Research Group , Sheffield University , Sheffield , UK
• Correspondence to Ahtisham Younas, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, NL A1C 5C4, Canada; ay6133{at}mun.ca

https://doi.org/10.1136/ebnurs-2021-103417

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Introduction

Literature reviews offer a critical synthesis of empirical and theoretical literature to assess the strength of evidence, develop guidelines for practice and policymaking, and identify areas for future research. 1 It is often essential and usually the first task in any research endeavour, particularly in masters or doctoral level education. For effective data extraction and rigorous synthesis in reviews, the use of literature summary tables is of utmost importance. A literature summary table provides a synopsis of an included article. It succinctly presents its purpose, methods, findings and other relevant information pertinent to the review. The aim of developing these literature summary tables is to provide the reader with the information at one glance. Since there are multiple types of reviews (eg, systematic, integrative, scoping, critical and mixed methods) with distinct purposes and techniques, 2 there could be various approaches for developing literature summary tables making it a complex task specialty for the novice researchers or reviewers. Here, we offer five tips for authors of the review articles, relevant to all types of reviews, for creating useful and relevant literature summary tables. We also provide examples from our published reviews to illustrate how useful literature summary tables can be developed and what sort of information should be provided.

Tip 1: provide detailed information about frameworks and methods

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Tabular literature summaries from a scoping review. Source: Rasheed et al . 3

The provision of information about conceptual and theoretical frameworks and methods is useful for several reasons. First, in quantitative (reviews synthesising the results of quantitative studies) and mixed reviews (reviews synthesising the results of both qualitative and quantitative studies to address a mixed review question), it allows the readers to assess the congruence of the core findings and methods with the adapted framework and tested assumptions. In qualitative reviews (reviews synthesising results of qualitative studies), this information is beneficial for readers to recognise the underlying philosophical and paradigmatic stance of the authors of the included articles. For example, imagine the authors of an article, included in a review, used phenomenological inquiry for their research. In that case, the review authors and the readers of the review need to know what kind of (transcendental or hermeneutic) philosophical stance guided the inquiry. Review authors should, therefore, include the philosophical stance in their literature summary for the particular article. Second, information about frameworks and methods enables review authors and readers to judge the quality of the research, which allows for discerning the strengths and limitations of the article. For example, if authors of an included article intended to develop a new scale and test its psychometric properties. To achieve this aim, they used a convenience sample of 150 participants and performed exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) on the same sample. Such an approach would indicate a flawed methodology because EFA and CFA should not be conducted on the same sample. The review authors must include this information in their summary table. Omitting this information from a summary could lead to the inclusion of a flawed article in the review, thereby jeopardising the review’s rigour.

Tip 2: include strengths and limitations for each article

Critical appraisal of individual articles included in a review is crucial for increasing the rigour of the review. Despite using various templates for critical appraisal, authors often do not provide detailed information about each reviewed article’s strengths and limitations. Merely noting the quality score based on standardised critical appraisal templates is not adequate because the readers should be able to identify the reasons for assigning a weak or moderate rating. Many recent critical appraisal checklists (eg, Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool) discourage review authors from assigning a quality score and recommend noting the main strengths and limitations of included studies. It is also vital that methodological and conceptual limitations and strengths of the articles included in the review are provided because not all review articles include empirical research papers. Rather some review synthesises the theoretical aspects of articles. Providing information about conceptual limitations is also important for readers to judge the quality of foundations of the research. For example, if you included a mixed-methods study in the review, reporting the methodological and conceptual limitations about ‘integration’ is critical for evaluating the study’s strength. Suppose the authors only collected qualitative and quantitative data and did not state the intent and timing of integration. In that case, the strength of the study is weak. Integration only occurred at the levels of data collection. However, integration may not have occurred at the analysis, interpretation and reporting levels.

Tip 3: write conceptual contribution of each reviewed article

While reading and evaluating review papers, we have observed that many review authors only provide core results of the article included in a review and do not explain the conceptual contribution offered by the included article. We refer to conceptual contribution as a description of how the article’s key results contribute towards the development of potential codes, themes or subthemes, or emerging patterns that are reported as the review findings. For example, the authors of a review article noted that one of the research articles included in their review demonstrated the usefulness of case studies and reflective logs as strategies for fostering compassion in nursing students. The conceptual contribution of this research article could be that experiential learning is one way to teach compassion to nursing students, as supported by case studies and reflective logs. This conceptual contribution of the article should be mentioned in the literature summary table. Delineating each reviewed article’s conceptual contribution is particularly beneficial in qualitative reviews, mixed-methods reviews, and critical reviews that often focus on developing models and describing or explaining various phenomena. Figure 2 offers an example of a literature summary table. 4

Tabular literature summaries from a critical review. Source: Younas and Maddigan. 4

Tip 4: compose potential themes from each article during summary writing

While developing literature summary tables, many authors use themes or subthemes reported in the given articles as the key results of their own review. Such an approach prevents the review authors from understanding the article’s conceptual contribution, developing rigorous synthesis and drawing reasonable interpretations of results from an individual article. Ultimately, it affects the generation of novel review findings. For example, one of the articles about women’s healthcare-seeking behaviours in developing countries reported a theme ‘social-cultural determinants of health as precursors of delays’. Instead of using this theme as one of the review findings, the reviewers should read and interpret beyond the given description in an article, compare and contrast themes, findings from one article with findings and themes from another article to find similarities and differences and to understand and explain bigger picture for their readers. Therefore, while developing literature summary tables, think twice before using the predeveloped themes. Including your themes in the summary tables (see figure 1 ) demonstrates to the readers that a robust method of data extraction and synthesis has been followed.

Tip 5: create your personalised template for literature summaries

Often templates are available for data extraction and development of literature summary tables. The available templates may be in the form of a table, chart or a structured framework that extracts some essential information about every article. The commonly used information may include authors, purpose, methods, key results and quality scores. While extracting all relevant information is important, such templates should be tailored to meet the needs of the individuals’ review. For example, for a review about the effectiveness of healthcare interventions, a literature summary table must include information about the intervention, its type, content timing, duration, setting, effectiveness, negative consequences, and receivers and implementers’ experiences of its usage. Similarly, literature summary tables for articles included in a meta-synthesis must include information about the participants’ characteristics, research context and conceptual contribution of each reviewed article so as to help the reader make an informed decision about the usefulness or lack of usefulness of the individual article in the review and the whole review.

In conclusion, narrative or systematic reviews are almost always conducted as a part of any educational project (thesis or dissertation) or academic or clinical research. Literature reviews are the foundation of research on a given topic. Robust and high-quality reviews play an instrumental role in guiding research, practice and policymaking. However, the quality of reviews is also contingent on rigorous data extraction and synthesis, which require developing literature summaries. We have outlined five tips that could enhance the quality of the data extraction and synthesis process by developing useful literature summaries.

• Aromataris E ,
• Rasheed SP ,

Twitter @Ahtisham04, @parveenazamali

Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

Competing interests None declared.

Patient consent for publication Not required.

Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

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Finally, after you have gathered information, discussed it, and have potentially picked up some helpful insights, all that’s left do is practice. Adapting your existing writing strategies to a new genre can take a few tries before you’ve mastered the unfamiliar set of conventions. Don’t panic. Your writing in the genre will improve with practice. Try to set aside enough time before your deadline for a rough draft or two. This is a handy technique for producing effective writing in all genres, but it is a crucial technique for working with new genres.

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How should I present my under-review works in my CV and profile?

I'm searching for postdoc positions in CS and sending my CV to here and there trying for different opportunities. However, I do not know how to present my under-review works. For instance, should I add them in my CV as under-review papers and mention the conferences to which I submitted? Then, should I also include the pre-prints in my postdoc applications?

Also, these conferences have double-blind review processes. Hence, I'm not sure whether to include these works in my home-page or not. I like to add them to my CV and profile as they are extracted from the last part of my Ph.D.

Besides, would they (postdoc employers) take these works seriously knowing that they have not been published yet?

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• computer-science

4 Answers 4

As somebody who hires post-docs regularly, the common thing to do is indicate them on your CV as submitted. Giving a current title is good. Where is not as important.

For your on-line profile, I don't look at those - that is what the CV you submitted is for.

Look, I've been there as a graduating PhD with fewer publications than I would like. I will ask you about how your to-be-published stuff is coming, particularly since the interview isn't going to be the moment you submit your application. I will also ask your advisor how things are wrapping up, including the submitted articles. Further, I realize that not all articles end up in the place they were first submitted.

Don't lie about what is actually submitted. Be prepared to discuss how things are going on the articles. Be prepared to talk about them. Realize there are probably a few more coming in the future (field dependent, I know).

• Good advice. In fact, I want to include them also to have the opportunity to talk about them in case they are interested in the topic of the article and if they like to know about the work I did. That is why I said should I also add it to my university web-page to provide more info. regarding the work. –  Bob Commented Feb 8, 2019 at 9:49
• I know a submitted manuscript is nowehere close to a published work. But i want the people to know that i took my work seriously by submitting it to a good conference, and this is the honest part. For instance, i did several other small side-projects but didn't try to publish them as i didn't see them as self-contained publications for good venues. –  Bob Commented Feb 8, 2019 at 9:53

The other answers address the "should you include" issue. The "how should I present" part is also important. The main thing is that you should never list works which are not accepted by a conference/journal under the heading of "Publications." Even if they are labeled "Submitted" this creates an impression of dishonesty or exaggeration. List your submitted and preprint works under a separate heading in your CV.

The same way you would deal with it in citations: "in preparation for J. Op. Man.", "submitted to...", "in review at..."* "in press at..."

*For this one, I would probably just say submitted to, for a citation--no need to get into the minutia of if review process started or not. But for your CV worth taking credit for being a little bit down the path.

• 4 As per citations: I'd be careful with "submitted to..." – the paper might end up being published in a different journal than initially indicated, what might lead to confusion. As the status of such paper is unsure, I'd write simply "in preparation". And about the "in press" – that's for papers formally accepted that are to appear shortly. In many guides for authors it's explicitly stated how to refer to different types of works (books, articles, conference proceedings, preprints, technical reports etc.). –  user68958 Commented Feb 7, 2019 at 22:45
• All of these things can happen. The paper can be abandoned. Can change. Authors change. Etc. It is UNDERSTOOD that you are not final yet. You are doing the best you can, at the time. –  guest Commented Feb 7, 2019 at 22:51

Although generally I would recommend against including anything not fully accepted to a CV, I would say it mostly depends on what stage of peer review they are. When evaluating candidates I personally tend to ignore anything that is not with a final decision.

If you have submitted an article to a journal and has been through one round of reviews and you are relatively confident that it will get through you may want to include it, marked as "under revision" or something similar.

If you just submitted an article to a conference or journal and you have not heard anything back, I would suggest against including it at all. Anyone can have a couple of articles submitted to a journal by tomorrow afternoon - they might have no chance of getting accepted but they are still submitted, so I see no value in including them in an application

• More than on review stage it should depend on career stage. A young researcher might profit to list submitted papers and even papers in preparation, though I would mention the latter in a resume rather than in a list. –  Alchimista Commented Feb 8, 2019 at 9:19
• 1 I understand that they do not have any publication value before receiving any clear decision on them, but do people simply disregard any work the candidate has done in his thesis but not yet published in a venue? –  Bob Commented Feb 8, 2019 at 10:22
• It might sound a bit cynical, but I do. There is no way to verify any sort of quality or contribution - unless you are already familiar with the work of the author / co-authors. –  o4tlulz Commented Feb 8, 2019 at 22:14
• 2 @Babak of course the work done it is taken into account. If I have to hire a post doc, I am interested to know of possible results yet to be publish. True is that I would relies on interview and knowledge rather than a list in a CV. –  Alchimista Commented Feb 9, 2019 at 8:57

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How to list document review on your resume.

Recently, I’ve helped several friends locate document review positions, with both my current company and agencies I’ve worked with in the past. Each time, I am reminded that everyone struggles with how best to list document review experience on their resume.

In general, I am a fan of simplicity and reducing clutter. Where possible, it seems reasonable to compress multiple projects into a single block with one description and timeframe, especially if the projects were close in time and for the same agency. Treat each employer/agency as a single job, even if they have overlapping timelines. If you’re applying to non-review jobs, this compressed format helps show the consistency of your employment history.

If your work history has a rather problematic timeline, consider creating a functional resume instead of a chronological one.  With this format, you can list your skills and experience separate and apart from the individual jobs you’ve held.

I generally advocate having a separate review-specific resume, including additional detail that is relevant to document review work but unnecessary on a less focused position.  Some important items that you might want to use in your description for a document review-specific resume:

• Area of Law
• Paper or Electronic Review
• Review Platform
• Type of review (responsiveness, privilege, significant issue coding, etc)
• Quality Control or other similar work performed
• Any other feedback you received – were you ranked as a fast, accurate coder or invited back for second level work?
• If you did more than just code documents, point that out.

Skills that may be of particular interest to document review recruiters include foreign languages and computer or database skills. Be careful about getting in over your head, though. Just because you took an intro to Farsi course in college, you likely won’t be able to work efficiently in a review situation. Expect to have your language skills tested when you join a foreign language project.

If you’ve never used any document review platforms, consider going through some of the online tutorials offered for free on company websites. Having some basic understanding of what to expect could help when you start a new project. For example, Relativity , Concordance  and iCONECT offer free online training options. Those without free online training, like Xerox Omnix , might offer sales or other promotional materials you can use to familiarize yourself with the tool.  Often, this information can be found in a “support” section of the company’s website. Don’t pass on a project because of inexperience with a specific platform, however. If you have any reasonable level of technical skills, you will likely be able to quickly master the platform with a small amount of training.

One important thing not to do, however, is identify clients and law firms as employers or in your description without explicit authorization. While it is perfectly acceptable to say you worked at Law Staffers for an AmLaw 50 firm working on an admiralty matter for an international beverage manufacturer, Listing Anonymous Law Firm LLP or Major Shipping Services, S.A. as your employer is inappropriate (you should, however, provide such information during conflict checks as necessary).

In a separate log , you should maintain a personal list of conflicts information. Here, you would want to track the start and end date, agency, case, client and opposing parties. When you’re asked to complete a conflicts form, this list will allow you to quickly (and accurately) provide the requested information. After a while, projects all seem to blend together. Remembering the name of a client from that weekend project last year gets difficult twelve projects down the road.

Finally, it’s important to get a second set of eyes to take a look at your resume.  Send it to a trusted friend or colleague in the exact same manner you will use for applications – for emailed copies you should always send as PDF unless another format is specifically requested.  If your word processor doesn’t save to PDF, look for a PDF printer like PDF995 .  I like to personally save my file as  Lyon, Mark – Resume.pdf .  Recruiters will often save many resumes in one large folder – making certain yours has a unique name will simplify things for them.

Resume image courtesy of Kafka4Prez .

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Literature Teacher Resume Examples

Are you looking for the best way to make your literature teacher resume stand out from the competition? A well-written resume is the key to getting noticed and landing the job you want. This guide will provide you with step-by-step instructions and examples on how to effectively craft a resume that will highlight your skills and experience as a literature teacher. From understanding what to include to creating a resume that is tailored to the position, this guide will help you create an impressive resume that will get you noticed.

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Literature Teacher

123 Main Street | Anytown, USA 99999 | Phone: (123) 456-7890 | Email: [email protected]

I am an experienced Literature Teacher, with a passion for literary studies. I am driven to develop stimulating and engaging lessons for students to help foster a love of literature in them. I have a proven track record of success in the classroom and am adept at delivering innovative and effective instruction. Additionally, I am an excellent communicator and an empathetic listener who is committed to forming meaningful relationships with students. My enthusiasm for language and literature will make me an invaluable asset to any school.

Core Skills :

• Excellent communication skills
• Strong understanding of language and literature
• In- depth knowledge of curriculum
• Ability to tailor instruction to individual student needs
• Proficient in motivating and engaging students
• Skilled in developing creative and stimulating lessons
• Ability to assess student understanding
• Experienced in classroom management

Professional Experience :

Teacher of Literature, New York High School – 2016- Present

• Teach English Literature classes for 9th and 10th grade students.
• Develop and implement engaging lesson plans that support the curriculum.
• Facilitate group and individual activities to foster student learning.
• Assess student understanding through multiple means of evaluation.
• Provide one- on- one tutoring sessions to struggling students.
• Monitor classroom behavior and manage student discipline when necessary.

Teacher of Literature, London High School – 2012- 2016

• Instructed English Literature classes for 9th and 10th grade students.
• Implemented innovative and engaging lesson plans that followed the curriculum.
• Facilitated group projects, activities and discussions to aid student learning.
• Assessed student understanding through written and oral tests.
• Provided extra help to struggling students through individual tutoring sessions.
• Managed classroom behavior and maintained student discipline.

Education :

MSc in Education

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Literature Teacher Resume with No Experience

Recent graduate with an honours degree in English Literature and an eagerness to educate the next generation on the importance of literature. A highly organized and detail- oriented individual with excellent communication and interpersonal skills.

• Knowledge of various literary works and authors
• Ability to assess student understanding of literary works
• Proficiency with Microsoft Office and other educational software
• Effective classroom management
• Capable of teaching complex literary material
• Excellent written and verbal communication

Responsibilities

• Develop and plan engaging lesson plans
• Provide instruction to students of varying abilities
• Monitor student progress and create detailed reports
• Maintain a safe and proper learning environment
• Guide students in their research of literature topics
• Mark and grade student work
• Stay up- to- date with the latest literature and teaching techniques

Experience 0 Years

Level Junior

Education Bachelor’s

Literature Teacher Resume with 2 Years of Experience

Literature teacher with two years of experience in delivering literature courses and inspiring students to develop their knowledge of English literature. Expertise in creating engaging lesson plans and introducing a variety of texts to students. Skilled in providing support to students with different learning needs, and passionate about encouraging creativity among students.

• Highly organized and detail- oriented
• Ability to create and deliver engaging lesson plans
• Knowledge of literary works
• Ability to form strong relationships with students
• Skilled at providing support to students with different learning needs

Responsibilities :

• Designing and delivering stimulating and effective lesson plans
• Assessing student progress and providing appropriate feedback
• Developing and maintaining positive relationships with students
• Monitoring student behavior and managing student misbehavior
• Planning, preparing and delivering literature classes
• Keeping up to date with teaching best practice and changes in English literature
• Creating and updating assessment materials to ensure compliance with curriculum requirements

Experience 2+ Years

Literature Teacher Resume with 5 Years of Experience

I am a certified High School Literature Teacher with 5 years of experience teaching a variety of literature- based classes and helping students to further develop their reading and writing skills. I possess the ability to develop a stimulating and encouraging learning environment for my students to ensure that their educational objectives are met. I understand the importance of student engagement and active learning and use innovative teaching strategies to ensure that each student reaches their academic potential. I strive to create an atmosphere in which students feel comfortable expressing their ideas and taking risks in their learning.

• In- depth knowledge of literature- based concepts and standards
• Proficiency in developing and delivering curriculum
• Ability to foster a stimulating and interactive learning environment
• Excellent communication and organizational skills
• Commitment to student learning and success
• Developing and delivering lesson plans tailored to individual students
• Assessing student progress and providing feedback
• Creating learning materials such as classroom handouts and online resources
• Incorporating the use of technology into the curriculum to engage students
• Collaborating with other teachers and staff to ensure student success
• Coordinating extracurricular activities such as reading clubs and book discussions

Experience 5+ Years

Level Senior

Literature Teacher Resume with 7 Years of Experience

A highly motivated and experienced Literature teacher with 7 years of experience in teaching students of all ages, from kindergarten to college. Able to develop curriculums and plans, as well as create interactive activities to engage and motivate students. Possesses excellent communication, interpersonal, and problem- solving skills, as well as the ability to create a positive learning environment.

• Curriculum and lesson plan development
• Ability to engage and motivate students
• Excellent communication, interpersonal and problem- solving skills
• Knowledge of literature and writing techniques
• Ability to work with students of all ages
• Time management and organizational skills
• Classroom management
• Develop and implement lesson plans and curriculums for literature classes
• Provide engaging activities for students to participate in
• Design and develop exams, quizzes, and other assessments
• Monitor and evaluate student progress
• Create a positive learning environment and provide feedback to students
• Teach writing and literary techniques
• Assist students in understanding complex literature texts
• Communicate with parents and other faculty members
• Maintain accurate student records and grades
• Supervise classrooms and ensure student safety.

Experience 7+ Years

Literature Teacher Resume with 10 Years of Experience

A highly experienced Literature teacher with 10 years of comprehensive teaching experience. Proven results in guiding and motivating students of all ages and backgrounds to reach their full potential. Specialized in developing literacy and comprehension skills, inspiring students to become more interested in reading, as well as understanding literature and its various elements. Skilled in creating lesson plans, conducting classes, assessing student performance, and maintaining records.

• Excellent knowledge of literature and its various elements
• Strong communication and interpersonal skills
• Ability to develop lesson plans and engage students in the learning process
• Ability to assess and monitor student performance
• Proficient in the use of technology in the teaching process
• Ability to build a positive and safe learning environment
• Develop and implement lesson plans for students of all ages
• Inspire and engage students in the learning process
• Monitor and evaluate student performance
• Conduct classes in an organized and effective manner
• Guide and motivate students to reach their full potential
• Keep detailed records of student performance and progress
• Assist students in understanding literature and its various elements
• Maintain a safe and positive learning environment
• Provide feedback and constructive criticism to students
• Facilitate student discussions and debates on literature topics.

Experience 10+ Years

Level Senior Manager

Education Master’s

Literature Teacher Resume with 15 Years of Experience

With 15 years of experience in the field of literature, I am a passionate and knowledgeable professional dedicated to helping students grow as readers and thinkers. I specialize in teaching English literature from a variety of genres, including classic and contemporary works. I strive to create an active and engaging learning environment that encourages exploration, critical thinking, and creative self- expression. I am an enthusiastic and devoted teacher who loves to help young minds explore the world of literature.

• Curriculum Planning
• Classroom Management
• Creative Lesson Planning
• Student Assessment
• Communication
• Collaboration
• Develop and implement lesson plans for engaging and interactive classroom activities
• Develop activities to promote critical thinking and increase student literacy
• Establish and maintain positive relations with students and parents
• Assess student progress and performance, and provide feedback
• Participate in professional development activities to stay current on new trends in literature teaching
• Utilize technology in the classroom to enhance student learning
• Prepare students for standardized testing and exams

Experience 15+ Years

Level Director

In addition to this, be sure to check out our resume templates , resume formats ,  cover letter examples ,  job description , and  career advice  pages for more helpful tips and advice.

What should be included in a Literature Teacher resume?

A literature teacher must demonstrate an in-depth knowledge of literature as well as excellent communication and teaching skills. When applying for this position, you should include the following items on your resume:

• Bachelor’s Degree in Education or Literature: A Bachelor’s Degree in Education or Literature is required for teaching at the elementary, middle and high school level. Be sure to include your degree in the education section of your resume.
• Teaching Certification: Most states require a teaching certification for literature teachers. Include any certifications you possess in your resume.
• Experience: List any experience you have teaching literature. Include the grade levels you taught and a description of the courses you taught.
• Classroom Management: Include any experience you have managing a classroom. List any techniques you have used to ensure a productive learning environment.
• Knowledge of Literary Genres: Showcase your knowledge of different literary genres by listing the genres you have expertise in.
• Communication Skills: Highlight your communication skills by listing any methods you have used to connect with students and create a strong learning environment.
• Expertise in Technology: Show that you have the technical know-how to integrate technology into the classroom. Include any certifications or training you have received related to the use of technology in the classroom.
• Professional Development: Showcase any professional development workshops or seminars you have attended related to teaching literature.
• Awards and Recognition: Include any awards or recognition you have received related to teaching literature.

By including these items on your resume, you will be able to demonstrate your qualifications to be a literature teacher and show that you have the necessary skills to be successful in the role.

What is a good summary for a Literature Teacher resume?

A literature teacher resume should provide an overview of the candidate’s qualifications and experience. It should include details such as educational background, teaching experience, and any special skills or areas of expertise the candidate may possess. The summary should also mention the candidate’s ability to teach literature classes in a variety of formats, such as traditional lectures, small group activities, and interactive online courses. Additionally, the summary should highlight the candidate’s ability to effectively communicate with students and create engaging lesson plans. Finally, the summary should address the candidate’s commitment to fostering student growth and creating a stimulating learning environment.

What is a good objective for a Literature Teacher resume?

A Literature Teacher’s resume objective should be tailored to the job description. It should demonstrate the teacher’s ability to inspire, motivate and engage students, promote critical thinking and a love of literature, and help students meet academic goals.

• A good objective for a Literature Teacher resume should include the following:
• Highly motivated and passionate Literature Teacher, committed to developing students’ literacy and critical thinking skills.
• Strong ability to use technology to engage students and create differentiated, interactive learning experiences.
• Proven track record of working collaboratively with students and colleagues to create inspiring lessons and projects.
• Commitment to developing students’ creativity and imagination through literature and the exploration of diverse cultures.
• Experience in assessing student progress and providing timely feedback and support.

How do you list Literature Teacher skills on a resume?

To create a standout resume, it is important to showcase your Literature Teacher skills effectively. Here are some tips to follow when listing your skills:

• Focus on the key skills relevant to Literature Teaching: Teaching, curriculum planning, lesson planning, classroom management, assessment and evaluation, literacy development, critical analysis and research, public speaking and presentation skills, and knowledge of literature and writing theory.
• Use action verbs: Coached, tutored, mentored, developed, collaborated, evaluated, instructed, created, presented, and guided.
• Showcase any awards, certifications, or specialized training you have received related to literature teaching.
• Mention any additional skills such as knowledge of specific literature or authors, technology, and foreign languages you may possess.
• Highlight any special skills such as familiarity with specific software programs, distance learning, or the ability to work with different types of learners.

By highlighting your skills, you can create a strong resume that will help you stand out and land your dream teaching job.

What skills should I put on my resume for Literature Teacher?

Writing a resume is a daunting task. For literature teachers, it can be even more difficult to know what skills to include in order to stand out from the competition. Here are some skills to consider adding to your resume when applying for a literature teaching position:

• Knowledge of Literary Theory: As a literature teacher, you need to have a deep understanding of literary theory and be able to explain the various theories to your students. Showcasing your knowledge of literary theory on your resume can be a great way to demonstrate your expertise in the field.
• Ability to Analyze Texts: Being able to analyze texts is a key skill for literature teachers. Employers want to know that you have the ability to look at texts in depth and break them down into their individual components. Having this skill listed on your resume will show potential employers that you are qualified to teach literature.
• Passion for Literature: Employers want to know that you have a real passion for literature and the power it has to shape people’s lives. Make sure to highlight your love of literature in your resume and explain how it has helped shape your teaching methods.
• Creativity: Creativity is an important skill for literature teachers. Showcasing your ability to think outside the box and come up with innovative teaching methods will help set you apart from other applicants.
• Communication Skills: As a literature teacher, you need to be able to effectively communicate your ideas to your students. Listing the communication skills you possess on your resume will show potential employers that you are capable of getting your point across.

By including these key skills on your resume, you will be able to demonstrate to potential employers that you have what it takes to be an effective literature teacher.

Key takeaways for an Literature Teacher resume

As a literature teacher, you need to make sure your resume stands out from the competition. Here are some key takeaways for crafting an effective literature teacher resume:

• Highlight your teaching certifications. As a literature teacher, having the right credentials is essential. Be sure to include any certifications, such as any teaching licenses or relevant courses you’ve taken related to literature education.
• Show off your classroom experience. Demonstrate your experience leading classes and teaching literature topics. Include the number of years you’ve been teaching, the number of students you’ve had, and the types of literature classes you’ve taught.
• Demonstrate your leadership skills. Showcase any leadership positions you’ve held, such as coaching a school’s debate team or coordinating a student literary magazine.
• Talk about your research. If you’ve conducted any research related to literature, be sure to include these accomplishments. These may include papers you’ve written, published analyses, or book reviews.
• Highlight your communication skills. As a literature teacher, you need to be able to effectively communicate with students and colleagues. Include any relevant experience or courses you’ve taken that focus on communication.

By following these tips, you can craft a standout resume that will make you stand out from the competition. Showcase your teaching credentials, classroom experience, leadership skills, research capabilities, and communication skills to make sure your resume stands out.

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• How to Make an ATS-Friendly...

How to Make an ATS-Friendly Resume - Tips for ATS 2024

15 min read · Updated on May 21, 2024

Here's everything you need to know about applicant tracking systems

We've all been there: you find the perfect job opportunity, customize your resume and cover letter , submit your application to a job listing online, and then pray it will pass the infamous six-second resume review test. Unfortunately, more often than not, your job application is lost in the applicant tracking system - and you're left wondering why the employer or hiring manager wasn't that into you.

What many job seekers don't realize is that 75% of job applications don't get seen by human eyes. Before your resume reaches the hands of a live person, it must often pass muster with what's known as an applicant tracking system.

Below is everything you need to know about applicant tracking systems - and what best practices you can use to optimize your resume to ensure it gets selected.

What is an applicant tracking system?

An applicant tracking system - or ATS, for short - is a type of resume scanning software used by recruiters and employers during the hiring process to collect, sort, scan, and rank the job applications they receive for their open positions.

Why do companies use ATS?

There are some very good reasons why today's companies are so heavily reliant on ATS to narrow their job candidate search. The modern hiring process is more complex than ever before - and not just because there are so many more workers applying for a position. The reality is that most companies lack the resources and time needed to search through every resume submission they receive. By using automated systems, they can free up those resources to focus on their core company mission.

But there are also legal compliance issues that need to be considered. Employment law - and especially laws prohibiting various kinds of discrimination in hiring - need to be followed with care. Many employers understand that one of the best ways to reduce potential bias in the initial stages of any hiring process is to allow unbiased machines to handle some of the work.

The bottom line is that ATS resume scanners provide companies with an automated way to narrow any list of candidates to only those who meet the position's posted qualifications. And it does that in a way that avoids potential discrimination by ignoring characteristics like race, gender, and age. As a result, companies enjoy savings in both time and cost, while optimizing their compliance with existing employment laws.

How do applicant tracking systems work?

The ATS parses a resume's content into categories and then scans it for specific and relevant keywords to determine if the job application should be passed along to the recruiter. Its job is to essentially weed out unqualified applicants, so the recruiter can devote his or her time to evaluating the candidates who are more likely to be a match for the position. In other words, the ATS is apt to put the least-qualified candidates to the bottom of the pile, rather than identify the applicants who are the best fit.

Unfortunately, that means if a resume template is not written and formatted with the applicant tracking system in mind, a qualified candidate can be easily passed over.

How to write an ATS resume

To determine what makes an ATS-friendly resume, TopResume analyzed 1,000 resumes from professionals across the US with at least eight years of experience, to identify the most common resume mistakes that will cause an applicant tracking system to toss an application. The infographic below highlights some of the costliest mistakes that make a resume incompatible with an ATS scan.

If you want to make sure your resume is compliant with an ATS, follow the tips below to write and use an ATS-optimized resume.

Select the right file type for your resume

Contrary to popular belief, a PDF is not the most ATS-friendly file type. While PDF files are the best at preserving the design and format of your resume template, it's not compatible with all ATS software. If you're asked to upload your resume to an applicant tracking system and “PDF” is listed among the file formats you can use, feel free to send a PDF version of your resume. However, if the system does not specify which file types are compatible, play it safe and stick to a Word document in .doc or .docx. Plain-text files are also incredibly ATS-friendly for resumes, but they limit your formatting options and can look unprofessional. 

Since the best resume templates are written with two audiences in mind - the ATS pre-screening your application and the live human in HR who will review your resume content - we recommend using a Word document instead of a plain-text file for your resume file type. This will provide more creative freedom to write an ATS resume that will appeal to a recruiter or hiring manager.

Related: How to Avoid the Top 10 Resume Mistakes That Make Recruiters Cringe

Don't put important details in the header or footer

Not all applicant tracking systems are able to properly read and parse information stored in the header and footer sections of a Word document. In fact, our study confirmed the ATS was unable to identify a portion of the job seeker's contact information 25% of the time. Avoid this same fate by placing important contact details (such as your name, phone number, and email address) outside the header or footer of your resume. 

Optimize your resume with keywords

One of the best ways to ensure your resume is compatible with an ATS is to optimize your resume with the right keywords (also known as keyword optimization). Unlike a “buzzword,” which is typically considered to be a fluffy term such as “proactive” or “self-starter,” keywords represent the soft skills and hard skills you possess and the expertise you've acquired over the years that qualify you for your target job.

If you're unsure which resume keywords should be used, start by collecting three to five job descriptions that represent the type of position you're pursuing. Then, copy and paste the job description into a free word and phrase frequency tool like Online-Utility.org's Text Analyzer , to identify the terms that are regularly used throughout your desired positions. If you possess these skills or qualifications from the job posting, incorporate these terms into your resume.

You should also pay careful attention to the job posting and any description of the position contained in that post. Identify any listed skill requirements, as well as desired experience and educational qualifications. These are likely to be included in any ATS resume scan too, so you'll want to ensure that these keywords can be found within your resume.

When it comes to creating an ATS-optimized resume, you need to think about the frequency, as well as the placement of these relevant keywords throughout your resume. Some applicant tracking systems will determine the strength of your skills based on the number of times a term shows up in your resume (aim to add the term two to three times throughout your resume), whereas others assign an estimated amount of experience for a particular skill based on its placement within the resume. To make your resume truly compatible with any ATS, you'll want to optimize it with both systems in mind.

First, create a “Core Competencies” or “Areas of Expertise” section below your resume professional summary that lists your strongest hard skills and soft skills. If there's a common abbreviation for one of your proficiencies, such as “SEO” (for search engine optimization), include both versions in your resume. Then, pepper these same terms into your “ Work Experience ” or “ Education ” sections, where appropriate, to demonstrate when you leveraged that skill.

Related: Why Soft and Hard Skills Are So Important for Your Resume

Some applicant tracking systems will associate the length of experience for a skill, based on how long you held the job where that skill was leveraged. For instance, if you worked at your past job for five years and you mention that you handled SEO for the company, the ATS will assume you have five years' worth of SEO experience from that job. If a skill is listed on its own - such as within the professional summary or a core competencies section - then the ATS scan will assign a few months' experience for that skill. This is why it's incredibly important to reiterate your skills throughout your entire resume, rather than just in a skill section at the top.

Include a resume headline

Make sure that your resume also includes a headline . This one-line heading should be located right after your contact information and before your summary statement. Companies that use an ATS to screen resumes will typically include the job title in their ATS assessment criteria. To create an ATS-friendly headline, simply:

Identify the job title you're applying for. It should be in the job posting or job description. For example, let's say that you're applying for a position as a Marketing Director. Those two words are keywords that need to be included in your headline.

Identify other key requirements that you may be able to highlight in your headline. It could be something as simple as a requirement that candidates have at least five years of experience in managing marketing teams. Take note of that job qualification since you may want to incorporate it into your headline too.

Create a headline that includes the job title and some descriptive language that helps to immediately identify you as a qualified candidate. If you use our example keywords, your headline might look something like this:

Dynamic Marketing Director with over 5 years of experience in client success

Avoid images, charts, and other graphics

While these may look nice to the human eye, resumes with embedded images become a garbled mess after they pass through the applicant tracking system. For instance, if you insert an image or chart to showcase your key skills, the ATS resume scanner will be unable to read it. If you use a cool graphic to brand your name on your resume, this piece of information will be lost on the applicant tracking system.

Stick to simple bullet points

When used appropriately, bullet points are a great method for highlighting accomplishments and qualifications on a resume. However, if you choose an elaborate symbol for your bullets, your important selling points could get scrambled. Avoid using intricate characters when creating a bulleted list on your ATS-compliant resume. Stick to the simplest options, such as a solid circle, open circle, or square, to ensure your bullet points enhance your resume, rather than make it incompatible with an ATS.

Use a clean resume design with a clear hierarchy

When it comes to your ATS-friendly resume design, less is more. Not only do complex resume designs or unusual formats confuse most applicant tracking systems, but they also annoy recruiters who are accustomed to quickly scanning a resume for specific information that they expect to find in specific areas within the document.

Click on the following link for more tips on how to write a resume that will beat the ATS .

How to create an ATS-friendly resume format

If you want your resume to perform well in an ATS scan , stick to a standard resume format such as a reverse chronological or  hybrid resume . These resume formats use a professional summary section at the top of the document to outline your key skills and qualifications and combine it with a chronological “Work History” section that explains how you've leveraged these qualities to produce results for your employers.

Most applicant tracking systems do a better job at reading and interpreting a reverse chronological or hybrid format, because they rely on chronological data to parse your resume.

As a result, it's in your best interest to avoid a functional resume format at all costs - where the focus is placed on your abilities, rather than a chronological work history.

Make sure your resume sections are easily identifiable

You'll notice that we've mentioned different resume sections throughout this post. There's a good reason for that, of course. Resumes are not like typical prose documents. If your resume is just one long story with different kinds of information spread across one or two pages like an essay, it won't perform well. And, even if it did, no human hiring manager would bother to read it.

To ensure that key details can be found by both the ATS and a hiring manager, separate that information into distinct sections. This helps to provide structure to your ATS resume and makes it easier for machines and humans to quickly scan for the information they want to see. Are you wondering why we said “scan” instead of “ read?”  It's simple: even hiring managers don't bother to read your resume from the first word to the last. Instead, they scan it until they see what they're looking for - and then read that part.

Below is a simple structure that you can use to ensure that your resume satisfies the needs of both the ATS and any hiring manager who sees it:

Contact information : This section goes right at the top of your resume, but not in the header. Remember, ATS systems are not adept at reading information in that area of your resume. Include vital details like your name, location, phone number, email address, and LinkedIn URL. This section doesn't need a label.

Resume headline : We covered the resume headline earlier in the post, so you can find some tips on how to create this attention-grabbing section there. Like the contact section, this requires no label.

Summary statement : This section should be a three to five-sentence elevator pitch designed to capture any hiring manager's attention. You can include keywords in this paragraph that highlight your most vital skills, experiences, and measurable achievements that showcase your potential value to the employer. 

Core competencies: This is where you list the skills that show you're qualified for the position. Depending on the job you're seeking, your skill section may be weighted toward either soft or hard skills - but you should try to include some mix of both. You can label this section “Skills” or “Core Competencies” to ensure that both humans and machines can readily identify its content and importance.

Professional history : Otherwise known as work experience, this labeled section should include your relevant work history dating back 10-15 years. Make sure that you start by listing your most recent position and then list the others in reverse order. For each position you've held, include the company name, job title, dates of employment, and several bullet point examples that demonstrate your achievements in each role.

Education : This section also needs to be labeled and should include the name of the college you attended, the years of attendance, your course of study and degree, and any relevant coursework that you need to show to demonstrate your qualifications. You can also include listings for certifications, continuing education, and other relevant training.

How to run an ATS resume test for compliance

There are two easy ways to determine if your resume is compatible with an applicant tracking system during the job search.

Convert your resume to a plain-text file

Copy the entire content from your ATS-friendly resume, paste it into a plain-text document, and review the results. If the plain-text version is missing details from your original resume, has characters saved incorrectly, or looks disorganized (i.e., the heading for your “Education” section appears in the middle of your work experience), then assume your resume will require editing before it's ATS compliant.

Request a free ATS scan for your resume

Here at TopResume, we offer career advice and a free ATS resume scan as part of our free resume review. When you request a free resume review from TopResume, you'll receive feedback on your resume's content, as well as its ATS compatibility.

The first half of the review offers an objective look at what your resume is doing well and where it's falling short, from both an information and design perspective. The second half of the free resume review shows you exactly what information an ATS will pull from your resume, what information it will be unable to identify and retrieve (such as your name, contact information, most recent job title, and most recent employer), and what top skills and keywords your resume currently ranks for.

If the ATS is unable to identify this important information or thinks you're a fit for a job when you're not, then your ATS resume will need to be further optimized before it passes the ATS compatibility test. Fortunately, our experienced team of resume experts has the expertise you need to help with that optimization and ensure that your resume has what it takes to perform well in an ATS scan.

Click on the following link to watch our latest #OfficeHours video on how to write an ATS resume to beat the bots .

Don't let the ATS stop you from landing your dream job. Get an ATS-proof resume today . This article was originally written by Amanda Augustine and has been updated by Ken Chase. 

Recommended reading:

How to Customize Your Resume for Each Job Application

5 Signs It's Time to Hire a Professional Resume Writer

Words and Phrases to Remove from Your Resume Right Away

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