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Synthesis Essay Writing

Synthesis Essay Examples

13+ Winning Synthesis Essay Examples For Your Inspiration

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Learn How to Write a Synthesis Essay Step by Step

Best Synthesis Essay Topics and Prompt Ideas

Synthesis Essay Outline - Template and Examples

Are you struggling to make sense of synthesis essays, unsure where to begin, or how to enhance your writing?

Many students face the challenge of feeling overwhelmed when trying to blend diverse ideas and sources seamlessly. It can be challenging to create a cohesive piece that draws from various perspectives.

But fear not! 

In this blog, we will provide you with winning synthesis essay examples and valuable insights to enhance your essay writing skills.

So, let’s get started. 

• 1. Understanding What A Synthesis Essay Is
• 2. Synthesis Essay Examples
• 3. Synthesis Essay Topics - Examples
• 4. Tips for Writing an Effective Synthesis Essay

Understanding What A Synthesis Essay Is

A synthesis essay is a special kind of academic writing where writers blend ideas and information from various sources to create a clear and organized argument.

Unlike other types of essays , a synthesis essay demands the integration of various perspectives to form a new understanding or insight. 

It involves critically examining different sources, and synthesizing them to develop a comprehensive viewpoint on a particular topic. 

Looking at synthesis essay examples can really help you write a great essay. Here's an example of a synthesis essay to inspire you in your own writing:

Synthesis Essay Outline Example

An outline is just like a table of content sections on a page. It consists of categories and subcategories of a given topic that the writer plans to cover in the essay. Below is a synthesis essay outline template that explains the synthesis essay outline in detail. Have a look at it.

Thesis For Synthesis Essay Example

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How to Write a Synthesis Essay - Example

In order to write a good synthesis paper, you need to follow the format and proper procedure. The synthesis essay has an introduction paragraph, three body paragraphs with supportive evidence to back up the topic, and a thesis statement.

And a conclusion paragraph where you answer all the questions while referring back to the main thesis.

Check out this sample template; it will help you learn the basics of synthesis essay structure. 

AP English Language and Composition Synthesis Essay Example

The ap lang synthesis essay requires students to analyze information from various sources to discuss the topic of their essay. Refer to the sample AP language synthesis essay to learn how you can write a perfect synthesis essay.

Synthesis Essay Example Ap Lang

2022 Ap Lang Synthesis Essay Example

Synthesis Essay Examples for Different Formats

Knowing how to write synthesis essays in different styles is important. Given below are some examples of synthesis essays in different formats.

APA Format Synthesis Essay Example

APA (American Psychological Association) is a citation style that provides formatting conventions for student and professional papers. Below is a sample example of an APA-style synthesis essay.

MLA Format Synthesis Essay Example

MLA (Modern Language Association) is another referencing style that allows us to cite the sources in a proper format. Here is an MLA-style synthesis essay example to help you learn the basics of this style.

Different Types of Synthesis Essay Examples

Synthesis essays come in various types, each requiring a unique approach. Explore the following synthesis essay examples tailored to different types, offering a comprehensive overview of how to tackle diverse writing tasks:

College Synthesis Essay Example

This sample PDF is to help the college students to learn the outline, format, and structure of the synthesis essay. You can easily download it and save it with you for further usage.

Explanatory Synthesis Essay Example

The explanatory synthesis is intended to explain a particular subject in detail to make it easy to understand for people. Refer to the sample essay given below and see what makes it different from a simple synthesis essay.

Argumentative Synthesis Essay Example

The argumentative synthesis is another type of synthesis essay that is intended to present an argument. The writer presents his claim and supports it with facts and evidence to prove it right. Check out the sample essay given below to understand how it is different from a general argumentative essay.

Eminent Domain Synthesis Essay Example

An eminent domain synthesis essay explores the concept of eminent domain, which is the government's authority to take private property for public use. This type of synthesis essay delves into various aspects of eminent domain, considering legal, ethical, and social perspectives. 

Here’s an example:

Synthesis Essay Example About Social Media

This type of synthesis essay explores the impact of social media on individuals and society. It aims to analyze and synthesize information to construct a well-rounded understanding of the role of social media in our lives. Here’s an example of it:

Synthesis Essay Topics - Examples

Choosing a compelling topic is crucial when writing a synthesis essay. Here are some thought-provoking synthesis essay topics that can inspire your writing:

• The Impact of Technology on Human Interaction
• Climate Change and Global Sustainability
• The Role of Social Media in Modern Society
• The Intersection of Artificial Intelligence and Ethics
• Education Reform: Challenges and Opportunities
• Impact of Social Movements on Policy Change
• Healthcare Access: A Global Perspective
• Cultural Diversity in the Workplace
• The Influence of Literature on Society
• The Future of Work: Remote vs. Traditional

Looking for more topics? Check out this blog on synthesis essay topics for inspiration.

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Tips for Writing an Effective Synthesis Essay

Crafting a compelling synthesis essay goes beyond the writing process; it requires strategic planning and meticulous execution. Here are key tips to ensure your synthesis essay stands out:

• Select Credible Sources

Begin by choosing reliable and credible sources. Ensure that the information you gather is from reputable authors, organizations, or publications to strengthen the foundation of your essay.

• Background Information is Key

Provide sufficient background information on your chosen topic. Help your readers understand the context and significance of the subject matter before delving into your argument.

• Develop a Coherent Argument

Focus on building a clear and coherent argument throughout your essay. Ensure that each paragraph contributes to the overall flow and supports your thesis effectively.

• Support Your with Evidence

A strong synthesis essay requires a well-supported argument. Back up your claims with evidence from your chosen sources, demonstrating a thorough understanding of the topic.

• Utilize Sources to Support Each Other

Instead of treating sources in isolation, highlight their relationships. Demonstrate how each source complements or contrasts with others, emphasizing the interconnectedness of your information.

• Synthesis Essay Requires Critical Analysis

Go beyond summarizing your sources; engage in critical analysis. Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of each source and consider their implications for your argument.

• Ensure a Supported Argument:

Throughout your essay, consistently reinforce your central argument. Every piece of information should contribute to and reinforce the main thesis, creating a cohesive and persuasive narrative.

In conclusion , tackling synthesis essays is easier than it seems when armed with the right knowledge. Use the tips and examples provided to boost your skills and approach these essays with confidence.

But if you ever feel stuck, MyPerfectWords.com is here to help. Whether you are looking for an essay writing service for college or university our team of experts is just a click away. They ensure your essays not only meet standards but stand out for their clarity and depth.

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Synthesis Essay

Synthesis essay generator.

A Synthesis Essay is a sophisticated form of writing that requires the integration of various sources and perspectives. Our resource provides a comprehensive look into this writing style, complete with insightful essay examples . These examples demonstrate how to effectively combine information from different texts, crafting a cohesive and well-argued narrative. Ideal for students and professionals alike, this guide will help you master the art of synthesizing diverse viewpoints into a single, compelling argument in your essays.

What is a Synthesis Essay?

A synthesis essay is a written discussion that draws on one or more sources. It involves combining information from various sources to make a cohesive argument or presentation on a specific topic. This type of essay requires the writer to analyze information, derive insights, and present them in a structured and coherent manner. The key to a successful synthesis essay is not just summarizing the sources but integrating them to create a new perspective or argument. Writers must cite their sources accurately, showing how each piece of information contributes to and supports their thesis or main argument. Synthesis essays are common assignments in academic settings, especially in higher education, testing students’ abilities to research, evaluate, synthesize complex information, and articulate their findings effectively.

Download Synthesis Essay Bundle

Essays depict the standpoints of a writer on a certain topic or issue. An essay often presents a point and either convinces a reader to agree or disagree to a certain subject matter. An effective essay does what it is intended to do when a reader is convinced of the writer’s stand point. Common  college essays include writing a synthesis essay. Examples of synthesis essay can be found in the page and made available for your reference. The examples can also be downloaded via the download link button below the sample in order to get a closer look.

Synthesis involves combining different pieces of information to form a cohesive understanding. For instance, if you gather insights from various experts about the impact of climate change and weave them into a comprehensive article or report, you are performing synthesis. This process is distinct from merely summarizing since it requires critical thinking to integrate ideas and form new connections, rather than just listing details or differences like in comparison and contrast.

Synthesis Essay Structure

It helps in presenting your argument clearly and persuasively. Here’s a typical structure for a synthesis essay:

Introduction

Hook: Start with an engaging sentence to grab the reader’s attention. Background Information: Provide some context or background for the topic you will be discussing. Thesis Statement: Present your main argument or position on the topic, clearly stating how the different sources will support your thesis.

Body Paragraphs

Each body paragraph should focus on a specific point or aspect of your thesis, integrating multiple sources to support each point.

Topic Sentence: Introduce the main idea of the paragraph that supports your thesis. Evidence and Analysis: Include information from your sources as evidence to back up your point. This could be quotations, summaries, or paraphrased material. Analyze the evidence, showing how it supports your argument. Synthesis: Discuss how the evidence from different sources relates to each other and to your thesis. This is where you combine (synthesize) the information to build your argument. Concluding Sentence: Summarize the main point of the paragraph and how it supports your overall thesis.

Counterarguments (Optional)

Consider including a paragraph that addresses potential counterarguments or opposing views. Refute these arguments and show how your thesis still stands.

Summary: Briefly summarize the key points you made in your body paragraphs. Thesis Restatement: Restate your thesis in a new way, reflecting the insights and arguments developed in your essay. Final Thoughts: Offer some final thoughts on the topic, possibly suggesting areas for further research or implications of your argument.

Include a list of all sources cited in your essay, formatted according to the required academic style guide (e.g., APA, MLA, Chicago).

How to Write a Synthesis Essay

Writing a synthesis essay involves gathering information from various sources and merging these insights to support a central thesis or argument. Here’s a step-by-step guide:

Understand the Prompt

• Clarify the Task: Ensure you fully understand the essay prompt or assignment requirements. Know what type of synthesis essay you are writing (explanatory or argumentative).
• Identify the Main Ideas: Determine what themes or ideas you need to explore based on the prompt.

Conduct Research

• Gather Sources: Collect relevant sources that provide information on your topic. These can include academic papers, books, articles, and credible online resources.
• Evaluate Sources: Assess the credibility and relevance of each source to your topic.

Develop a Thesis Statement

• Formulate a Clear Argument: Based on your research, craft a thesis statement that encapsulates the main argument or perspective your essay will support.

 Create an Outline

• Organize Your Points: Plan the structure of your essay, deciding how you will integrate information from your sources to support your thesis.
• Outline Body Paragraphs: Each paragraph should focus on a specific point or piece of evidence related to your thesis. Determine how you will synthesize information from different sources for each point.

Revise and Proofread

• Review Your Work: Check for clarity, coherence, and logical flow. Ensure each part of your essay effectively contributes to supporting your thesis.
• Proofread: Correct any grammatical, spelling, or punctuation errors. Make sure your citations and references are formatted correctly.

Cite Your Sources

• Follow Formatting Guidelines: Use the appropriate academic style (APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.) to cite your sources within the text and in a bibliography or works cited page.

10+ Synthesis Essay Samples

• Synthesis Essay on Climate Change
• Synthesis Essay on Death
• Synthesis Essay on Education
• Synthesis Essay on Environment
• Synthesis Essay on Food
• Synthesis Essay on Gender Inequality
• Synthesis Essay on Internet
• Synthesis Essay on Social Media
• Synthesis Essay on Technology
• Synthesis Essay on Unemployment

10+ Synthesis Essay Examples

Free Download

College Synthesis Essay

High School Synthesis Essay

Student Synthesis Essay

Practice Synthesis Example

Synthesis Essay Outline

Poetry Synthesis Essay Sample

Argumentative Synthesis

Explanatory Essay Sample

Technology Synthesis

What is the Purpose of a Synthesis Essay?

Synthesis essays are used in different papers. Point is, a synthesis essay is used in creating a relationship between different sources and getting supplemental information from them to support the writer’s view point or make a coherent plan or proposal templates .

Essay examples in doc seen on the page offer more information regarding an essay. They are made available for your review by clicking on the individual link buttons under each sample.

Tips for Writing the Synthesis Essay

Writing a synthesis essay is a pivotal skill for students, particularly in high school and college. This type of essay goes beyond simple summarization and requires critical thinking, a skill essential in essay writing. Here are some key tips to help students craft an effective synthesis essay:

• Understand Your Sources : It’s crucial to thoroughly read and understand your sources. As a student essay , your synthesis essay should reflect a deep engagement with the materials, providing a comprehensive understanding of the topic.
• Develop a Strong Thesis Statement : The foundation of your essay is the thesis statement. It should clearly convey your central argument or perspective, integrating the various themes and ideas from your sources. In high school essay writing, a well-defined thesis is particularly important as it guides the structure and flow of your argument.
• Organize Your Essay Effectively : Structure your essay in a clear, logical manner. Start with an introduction that includes your thesis statement , followed by body paragraphs that explore your main points, and conclude with a summary that reinforces your thesis.
• Balance Your Sources : Synthesize the information from your sources in a way that provides a balanced perspective. Your synthesis essay should not just list points from each source but rather integrate them into a coherent argument.
• Use Evidence to Support Your Argument : Back up your claims with evidence from your sources. This will strengthen your argument and demonstrate your understanding of the material.
• Maintain a Formal and Objective Tone : A synthesis essay, particularly in an academic setting, should be written in a formal and objective tone. Avoid using first-person pronouns and keep your language professional.
• Cite Your Sources Appropriately : Proper citation is crucial in academic essay writing to avoid plagiarism. Make sure to follow the appropriate format for citations, whether it’s APA, MLA, or another style.
• Revise and Edit : After completing your essay, take the time to revise and edit. This includes checking for grammatical errors, ensuring your argument flows logically, and verifying that your thesis statement is clearly supported throughout the essay.

How Long Should a Synthesis Essay Take?

The time to write a synthesis essay varies, typically ranging from several hours to a few days. This includes time for research, planning, writing, and revising. Effective time management and early start can help streamline the process.

Should You Use “I” in a Synthesis Essay?

Generally, avoid using “I” in a synthesis essay, especially in academic settings. Aim for an objective tone by presenting evidence and analysis without personal bias. Exceptions may apply if personal reflection or perspective is explicitly requested.

How Do I Write a Good Synthesis Essay?

Writing a good synthesis essay involves thorough research, understanding your sources, creating a strong thesis, organizing your points logically, and synthesizing evidence from various sources to support your argument. Clear writing and proper citation are also crucial.

How Do You Start a Synthesis Essay?

Start a synthesis essay with an engaging hook, followed by brief background information on your topic. Clearly state your thesis, outlining the main argument or perspective your essay will support, setting the stage for your synthesis.

Is It Okay to Use First-Person in a Synthesis Essay?

Using first-person in a synthesis essay is generally discouraged in formal academic writing. It’s better to maintain an objective tone. However, if the assignment guidelines allow or if reflecting on personal experience, it may be acceptable.

Do You Directly Quote in a Synthesis Essay?

Yes, you can directly quote in a synthesis essay to support your points, but do so sparingly. Focus on synthesizing information by paraphrasing and analyzing evidence from your sources. Ensure all quotes are properly cited according to the required citation style.

In conclusion, synthesis essays are key in developing critical thinking and analytical skills. For further guidance on writing synthesis essays, Colorado State University provides an in-depth guide , which can be accessed here. This resource offers valuable insights into the process of synthesizing information from diverse sources.

Text prompt

• Instructive
• Professional

Write a Synthesis Essay on the integration of technology in education.

Create a Synthesis Essay comparing different leadership styles.

Analyze the impact of technology on education through synthesis.

Synthesize views on climate change from multiple sources.

Compare traditional vs. online learning in a synthesis essay.

Discuss the role of social media in politics synthesis.

Explore mental health effects of social isolation via synthesis.

Evaluate renewable energy sources' viability in a synthesis essay.

Synthesize historical perspectives on women's rights movement.

Examine the effects of globalization on culture through synthesis.

How to Write a Synthesis Essay: Your Guide From Start to Finish

Today, we're swamped with information, like reading 174 newspapers every day. It comes from all over—news, social media, science, and more. This flood might make you feel overwhelmed and lost in a sea of facts and opinions. But being able to make sense of it all is crucial.

This guide isn't just about handling all that info; it's about using it to write awesome essays. We'll show you step by step how to pick a topic and organize your essay. Let's dive in and learn how to turn scattered facts into powerful essays that really stand out.

What Is a Synthesis Essay

The synthesis essay is a powerful tool in writing. It's not just about gathering facts but about connecting them to make a clear and strong argument.

Writing a synthesis essay allows you to dive deep into ideas. You have to find similarities between different sources—like articles, studies, or arguments—and use them to tell a convincing story.

In today's world, where we're bombarded with information, synthesis essays are more important than ever. They let us explore how different ideas fit together and help us express our thoughts on complex topics. Whether you're writing about literature, science, history, or current events, a synthesis essay shows off your ability to analyze and understand a topic from all angles. And if you're struggling with this task, just ask us to ' write paper for me ,' and we'll handle your assignment for you.

Explanatory vs. Argumentative Synthesis Essays

In synthesis writing, there are two main types: explanatory and argumentative. Understanding these categories is key because they shape how you approach your essay.

Explanatory:

An explanatory synthesis essay does just what it says—it explains. These essays aim to give a balanced view of a topic by gathering information from different sources and presenting it clearly. They don't try to persuade; instead, they focus on providing information and making things easier to understand. They're like comprehensive summaries, breaking down complex ideas for a broader audience. These essays rely heavily on facts and expert opinions, avoiding personal bias.

Argumentative:

On the flip side, argumentative synthesis essays are all about persuasion. Their main goal is to take a stance on an issue and convince the reader. They gather information from various sources not only to present different views but also to build a strong argument. Argumentative essays aim to sway the reader's opinion by using gathered information as evidence. These essays express opinions and use rhetorical strategies to persuade.

And if you're keen on knowing how to write an informative essay , we've got you covered on that, too!

Synthesis Essay Structure

To craft a strong synthesis essay, you need a solid foundation. Here's a structured approach to help you nail it:

Introductory Paragraph:

• To kick things off, grab your reader's attention with a catchy hook or interesting fact. Give a bit of background info about your topic and the sources you'll be using, as it can help readers understand your topic better! Then, lay out your main argument in a clear thesis statement.

Body Paragraphs:

• Each paragraph should focus on a different aspect of your topic or source. Start with a topic sentence that links back to your thesis. Introduce the source you're discussing and highlight its main points. Also, using quotes, paraphrases, or summaries from your sources can make your arguments stronger.

Synthesis :

• This part is where your essay comes together. Look for common themes or differences among your sources. Use your analysis to build a strong argument. Don't forget to address any opposing viewpoints if they're relevant!

Conclusion :

• Wrap things up by restating your thesis and summarizing your main points. Explain why your argument is important and what it means in the bigger picture. End with a thought-provoking statement to leave a lasting impression.

References :

• Finally, don't forget to list all your sources properly using the right citation style, like MLA or APA. Do you know that different citation styles have different rules? So, make sure you follow the right one!

Choosing a Synthesis Essay Topic

Picking essay topics is just the beginning. To write a great synthesis essay, you need to carefully evaluate and connect different sources to build a strong argument or viewpoint. Here's a step-by-step infographic guide to help you choose the right synthesis essay topics wisely.

How to Write a Synthesis Essay with Easy Steps

Writing a synthesis essay is similar to a compare and contrast essay . It requires a methodical approach to blend information from different sources into a strong and persuasive argument. Here are some crucial steps and tips to help you along the way.

• Clarify Your Purpose: First, decide if you're writing an explanatory or argumentative synthesis essay. This choice will set the tone and direction for your essay.
• Source Selection and Analysis: Choose credible and relevant sources for your topic, balancing different types like articles, books, and websites. Analyze each source carefully, noting the main ideas and evidence presented.
• Formulate a Strong Thesis Statement: Create a clear and concise thesis statement that guides your essay. It should express your main argument or perspective.
• Structure Your Essay: Organize your essay with a clear synthesis essay outline, including an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. Each body paragraph should focus on a specific aspect of your topic.
• Employ Effective Transition Sentences: Use transition sentences to connect your ideas and paragraphs smoothly, ensuring a cohesive flow in your essay.
• Synthesize Information: Blend information from your sources within your paragraphs. Discuss how each source contributes to your thesis and highlight common themes or differences.
• Avoid Simple Summarization: Don't just summarize your sources—analyze them critically and use them to build your argument.
• Address Counterarguments (if applicable): Acknowledge opposing viewpoints and counter them with well-supported arguments, showing a deep understanding of the topic.
• Craft a Resolute Conclusion: Summarize your main points and restate your thesis in the conclusion. Emphasize the importance of your argument or insights, and end with a thought-provoking statement or call to action. ‍
• Revise and Proofread: Check your essay for clarity, coherence, and grammar mistakes. Ensure your citations are correct and follow the chosen citation style, like MLA or APA.

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Synthesis Essay Format

Choosing the right citation style can enhance the credibility and professionalism of your paper. The format of your synthesis paper depends on the specific guidelines given by your instructor. They usually fall into one of the popular styles: MLA, APA, or Chicago, each used in different academic fields.

1. MLA (Modern Language Association):

• Uses in-text citations with the author's last name and page number.
• Includes a 'Works Cited' page at the end listing all sources.
• Focuses on the author and publication date.
• Often used in humanities essays, research papers, and literary analyses.

2. APA (American Psychological Association):

• Uses in-text citations with the author's last name and publication date in parentheses.
• Includes a 'References' page listing all sources alphabetically.
• Emphasizes the publication date and scientific precision.
• Commonly used in research papers, scholarly articles, and scientific studies.

3. Chicago Style:

• Offers two documentation styles: Notes-Bibliography and Author-Date.
• Notes-Bibliography uses footnotes or endnotes for citations, while Author-Date uses in-text citations with a reference list.
• Suitable for various academic writing, including research papers and historical studies.
• Provides flexibility in formatting and citation methods, making it adaptable to different disciplines.

Synthesis Essay Example

Here are two examples of synthesis essays that demonstrate how to apply the synthesis process in real life. They explore interesting topics and offer practical guidance for mastering the art of writing this type of paper.

Synthesis Essay Tips

Crafting a strong synthesis essay requires careful planning and effective techniques. Here are five essential tips to help you write your best paper:

• Diverse Source Selection : Choose a range of reliable sources that offer different viewpoints on your topic. Make sure they're recent and relevant to your subject.
• Seamless Source Integration : Avoid just summarizing your sources. Instead, blend them into your essay by analyzing and comparing their ideas. Show how they connect to build your argument.
• Balanced Tone : Maintain an impartial tone in your writing, even if you have personal opinions. Synthesis essays require objectivity, so they present different viewpoints without bias.
• Focus on Synthesis : Remember, synthesis essays are about linking ideas, not just summarizing sources. Explore how your sources relate to each other to create a cohesive argument.
• Address Counterarguments : Like in persuasive essays topics , acknowledge opposing viewpoints and explain why your perspective is stronger. This demonstrates your understanding of the topic and adds depth to your argument.

Concluding Thoughts

When writing a synthesis essay, it's essential to pick trustworthy sources, blend them effectively to build your argument and stay objective. Use smooth transitions, address counterarguments thoughtfully, and focus on analyzing rather than just summarizing. By following these steps, you'll create essays that inform, persuade, and engage your readers!

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How Should You Conclude a Synthesis Essay?

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is a seasoned educational writer focusing on scholarship guidance, research papers, and various forms of academic essays including reflective and narrative essays. His expertise also extends to detailed case studies. A scholar with a background in English Literature and Education, Daniel’s work on EssayPro blog aims to support students in achieving academic excellence and securing scholarships. His hobbies include reading classic literature and participating in academic forums.

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When you write a literature review or essay, you have to go beyond just summarizing the articles you’ve read – you need to synthesize the literature to show how it all fits together (and how your own research fits in).

Synthesizing simply means combining. Instead of summarizing the main points of each source in turn, you put together the ideas and findings of multiple sources in order to make an overall point.

At the most basic level, this involves looking for similarities and differences between your sources. Your synthesis should show the reader where the sources overlap and where they diverge.

Unsynthesized Example

Franz (2008) studied undergraduate online students. He looked at 17 females and 18 males and found that none of them liked APA. According to Franz, the evidence suggested that all students are reluctant to learn citations style. Perez (2010) also studies undergraduate students. She looked at 42 females and 50 males and found that males were significantly more inclined to use citation software ( p < .05). Findings suggest that females might graduate sooner. Goldstein (2012) looked at British undergraduates. Among a sample of 50, all females, all confident in their abilities to cite and were eager to write their dissertations.

Synthesized Example

Studies of undergraduate students reveal conflicting conclusions regarding relationships between advanced scholarly study and citation efficacy. Although Franz (2008) found that no participants enjoyed learning citation style, Goldstein (2012) determined in a larger study that all participants watched felt comfortable citing sources, suggesting that variables among participant and control group populations must be examined more closely. Although Perez (2010) expanded on Franz’s original study with a larger, more diverse sample…

Step 1: Organize your sources

After collecting the relevant literature, you’ve got a lot of information to work through, and no clear idea of how it all fits together.

Before you can start writing, you need to organize your notes in a way that allows you to see the relationships between sources.

One way to begin synthesizing the literature is to put your notes into a table. Depending on your topic and the type of literature you’re dealing with, there are a couple of different ways you can organize this.

Summary table

A summary table collates the key points of each source under consistent headings. This is a good approach if your sources tend to have a similar structure – for instance, if they’re all empirical papers.

Each row in the table lists one source, and each column identifies a specific part of the source. You can decide which headings to include based on what’s most relevant to the literature you’re dealing with.

For example, you might include columns for things like aims, methods, variables, population, sample size, and conclusion.

For each study, you briefly summarize each of these aspects. You can also include columns for your own evaluation and analysis.

The summary table gives you a quick overview of the key points of each source. This allows you to group sources by relevant similarities, as well as noticing important differences or contradictions in their findings.

Synthesis matrix

A synthesis matrix is useful when your sources are more varied in their purpose and structure – for example, when you’re dealing with books and essays making various different arguments about a topic.

Each column in the table lists one source. Each row is labeled with a specific concept, topic or theme that recurs across all or most of the sources.

Then, for each source, you summarize the main points or arguments related to the theme.

The purposes of the table is to identify the common points that connect the sources, as well as identifying points where they diverge or disagree.

Step 2: Outline your structure

Now you should have a clear overview of the main connections and differences between the sources you’ve read. Next, you need to decide how you’ll group them together and the order in which you’ll discuss them.

For shorter papers, your outline can just identify the focus of each paragraph; for longer papers, you might want to divide it into sections with headings.

There are a few different approaches you can take to help you structure your synthesis.

If your sources cover a broad time period, and you found patterns in how researchers approached the topic over time, you can organize your discussion chronologically .

That doesn’t mean you just summarize each paper in chronological order; instead, you should group articles into time periods and identify what they have in common, as well as signalling important turning points or developments in the literature.

If the literature covers various different topics, you can organize it thematically .

That means that each paragraph or section focuses on a specific theme and explains how that theme is approached in the literature.

Source Used with Permission: The Chicago School

If you’re drawing on literature from various different fields or they use a wide variety of research methods, you can organize your sources methodologically .

That means grouping together studies based on the type of research they did and discussing the findings that emerged from each method.

If your topic involves a debate between different schools of thought, you can organize it theoretically .

That means comparing the different theories that have been developed and grouping together papers based on the position or perspective they take on the topic, as well as evaluating which arguments are most convincing.

Step 3: Write paragraphs with topic sentences

What sets a synthesis apart from a summary is that it combines various sources. The easiest way to think about this is that each paragraph should discuss a few different sources, and you should be able to condense the overall point of the paragraph into one sentence.

This is called a topic sentence , and it usually appears at the start of the paragraph. The topic sentence signals what the whole paragraph is about; every sentence in the paragraph should be clearly related to it.

A topic sentence can be a simple summary of the paragraph’s content:

“Early research on [x] focused heavily on [y].”

For an effective synthesis, you can use topic sentences to link back to the previous paragraph, highlighting a point of debate or critique:

“Several scholars have pointed out the flaws in this approach.” “While recent research has attempted to address the problem, many of these studies have methodological flaws that limit their validity.”

By using topic sentences, you can ensure that your paragraphs are coherent and clearly show the connections between the articles you are discussing.

As you write your paragraphs, avoid quoting directly from sources: use your own words to explain the commonalities and differences that you found in the literature.

Don’t try to cover every single point from every single source – the key to synthesizing is to extract the most important and relevant information and combine it to give your reader an overall picture of the state of knowledge on your topic.

Step 4: Revise, edit and proofread

Like any other piece of academic writing, synthesizing literature doesn’t happen all in one go – it involves redrafting, revising, editing and proofreading your work.

Checklist for Synthesis

•   Do I introduce the paragraph with a clear, focused topic sentence?
•   Do I discuss more than one source in the paragraph?
•   Do I mention only the most relevant findings, rather than describing every part of the studies?
•   Do I discuss the similarities or differences between the sources, rather than summarizing each source in turn?
•   Do I put the findings or arguments of the sources in my own words?
•   Is the paragraph organized around a single idea?
•   Is the paragraph directly relevant to my research question or topic?
•   Is there a logical transition from this paragraph to the next one?

Further Information

How to Synthesise: a Step-by-Step Approach

Help…I”ve Been Asked to Synthesize!

Learn how to Synthesise (combine information from sources)

How to write a Psychology Essay

Related Articles

Student Resources

How To Cite A YouTube Video In APA Style – With Examples

How to Write an Abstract APA Format

APA References Page Formatting and Example

APA Title Page (Cover Page) Format, Example, & Templates

How do I Cite a Source with Multiple Authors in APA Style?

How to Write a Psychology Essay

How to Write a Synthesis Essay: Examples, Topics, & Outline

A synthesis essay requires you to work with multiple sources. You combine the information gathered from them to present a well-rounded argument on a topic. Are you looking for the ultimate guide on synthesis essay writing? You’ve come to the right place!

In this guide by our custom writing team, you will find:

• a step-by-step writing guide;
• a list of 34 synthesis essay topics;
• a full essay sample in MLA format.
• 📚 Synthesis Essay Definition
• 📝 Essay Types
• ✅ Step-by-Step Guide
• ✍️ Topics & Prompts
• 📑 Example & Formatting Tips

📚 What Is a Synthesis Essay?

A synthesis essay is an assignment that requires a unique interpretation of a particular topic using several reliable sources. To write it, you need to understand, analyze, and synthesize information. That is why this type of essay is used in the AP Lang exam to assess students’ reasoning skills.

The key features of the synthesis essay are:

• Debatable topic . If your goal is to write a good synthesis essay, it’s necessary to choose an arguable topic. It’s best to choose something that people have different opinions about. This will allow you to use many sources with various viewpoints for your synthesis.
• Clear thesis statement. It’s a sentence that briefly describes the main idea of your essay.
• Reliable sources to prove your thesis . For a synthesis essay, your opinion is not enough. You also need to find the evidence. Keep in mind that simply reading an online encyclopedia won’t do; make sure to choose only reliable sources.

What Does It Mean to Synthesize Information?

Synthesis is a process that has huge importance in nature, science, and our everyday life. The word stems from Ancient Greek “synthesis,” which means “putting together.” In general, synthesis is the combination of components to form a connected whole.

In everyday life, we usually resort to it to synthesize information . This means taking the data from different sources and bringing it together. This process is the opposite of analyzing:

• For an analysis , you break problems into pieces,
• For a synthesis , you combine separate elements into a whole.

We use synthesis for analysis papers, research papers, argument papers, and business reports.

What Does Synthesis Mean in Writing?

Synthesis in writing means summarizing and connecting different sources considering a particular topic. Although synthesis and analysis are two opposite things, they usually go together in synthesis essays. The process consists of 2 stages:

• Conduct the analysis. For that, you break down a problem into parts and analyze the sources. It’s helpful to highlight everything regarding your topic while reading.
• Carry out the synthesis. The next step is to formulate an opinion and combine the highlighted information from the sources.

Synthesis is not only used in writing but also in reading comprehension . It’s useful to do this kind of reading while studying your sources. There are three reading comprehension stages:

• Your previous knowledge about the topic.
• Expansion of your knowledge while you are reading.
• Understanding of the problem when you have finished reading.

So, synthesized reading comprehension means combining three stages in one and formulating one statement.

Synthesis vs Summary: What Is the Difference?

A summary is a paraphrasing of the written source in your own words. For a good summary, it’s necessary to include all of the text’s key elements. Meanwhile, synthesis means combining different ideas from different sources. You don’t have to include all the key points; just choose everything related to your topic.

Both of these techniques are used for the synthesis essay:

• The summary goes in the conclusion. You briefly sum up your paper’s main ideas.
• Synthesis goes in the body paragraphs. Here, you combine multiple sources to prove a point.

📝 Synthesis Essay Types

There are two main types of a synthesis essay: argument and explanatory synthesis.

Both of them require working with multiple reliable sources and analyzing information. The only difference is that an argument synthesis essay requires your own opinion, while an explanatory synthesis essay does not.

Argument Synthesis Essay: Outline and Definition

As you already know, an argument synthesis essay requires you to state your own opinion about the given topic and back it up with several reliable sources. The purpose of such an essay is to persuade the reader that your point is correct.

Here’s what an argument synthesis essay consists of:

Explanatory Synthesis Essay: Definition and How to Write

An explanatory informative synthesis essay requires you to stay neutral towards the problem you are discussing. This means you cannot express your own opinion considering the given question or a problem. Your task is just to inform the reader. That’s why this essay type is also called informative synthesis.

Check out this explanatory essay outline:

✅ How to Write a Synthesis Essay Step by Step

When it comes to the synthesis essay outline, it’s not too different from other assignments. Have a look at this template:

How to Synthesize: Working with Sources

After you’ve decided on your topic, it’s time to figure out how to synthesize articles into one text. This is how you do it:

• Choose reliable sources: the ones printed in journals or published on academic websites.
• Become familiar with them and see if they fit into your essay.
• Try to find a few sources for each point. It will increase your essay’s reliability.
• Relate each source to your arguments and see similarities between them.
• Don’t forget to list every source in the references.

When you are done with a comprehensive analysis of related literature, try to step back and imagine a person who has a different opinion on this topic. Think of some arguments that they can provide to prove their opinion. After you have the list of arguments, find the written evidence of why they are wrong and put them in your essay.

Analyzing and organizing sources is the first and very important step for the synthesis essay. So make sure you do understand what the text means before using it as a reference.

Synthesis Essay Outline: How to Write

For structuring your essay, it’s useful to try mapping . This technique means combining the information from different sources and rearranging it to create a new direction. To do it, you need to analyze the authors’ ideas and come up with your own conclusions.

The best way to do that is called synthesis matrix or graphic organizer. It’s a chart that you can make when you start working on your essay. Here you have a horizontal column that states the main ideas and a few vertical columns that present sources. Your task is to take sources you have chosen and write down the main ideas from them.

Here’s an example of a matrix chart:

While doing that, you will see how many sources contain the same ideas. When you analyze them, you will be able to formulate your thesis backed up with evidence. The synthesis matrix also helps to see new arguments you can cover in your synthesis paper.

How to Write an Introduction for a Synthesis Essay

Now it’s time to start writing the paper. In the introductory part of the essay, you can include:

• A short yet catchy sentence or a quotation that would present the topic. The start of your essay should make people interested. It’s best to make the first sentence not only informative but also easy to understand.
• The texts that are used for the essay. Provide the titles and the authors’ names (use the appropriate guidelines depending on the writing style.)
• The background information which is needed to understand your essay. Definitions of terms or unknown words considering the topic can be included in this part. Otherwise, people may find it hard to understand what they are reading about.

How to Write a Thesis for a Synthesis Essay

A thesis statement is a point of view on a certain problem that you will defend in your essay. It should contain the key points that you want to include in your paper. Here’s how to create a perfect thesis statement:

• Find several central ideas in the chart.
• Choose the ones that are repeated the most often and the ones that you feel need to be in your essay.
• Combine them, and you have a thesis statement with all the key points.
• Make a draft of the thesis statement. Try to formulate the main idea you want to present in your essay.
• Elaborate on this idea. Add some details and expand it a bit further.

If the whole picture is coherent, and it conveys exactly what you wanted, then this is your perfect thesis statement. See the example below:

Gender inequality still exists at the workplace: women are less likely to get the most responsible positions, easily lose careers due to maternity leave, and often receive less pay for the same amount of work.

How to Write Synthesis Paragraphs for the Main Body

Your essay’s main body consists of a few paragraphs. Each of them presents a different argument considering the topic. When you start a paragraph, make sure to begin with a topic sentence, which informs the reader about the paragraph’s main idea. Then, include the synthesized sources and elaborate on them.

Here’s what you should and shouldn’t do when writing the main body:

You can use the following words to present the ideas from your sources. They will help you reflect the authors’ tone:

How to Conclude a Synthesis Essay

There are quite a few ways to conclude the synthesis paper. Have a look at some of the options:

• Paraphrase the thesis. As you remember, the thesis is the main idea of your essay. The conclusion is a good place to remind your readers about it. When they are done with the reading, they remember the most important thing from your essay.
• Synthesize the arguments. There is no need to repeat everything you wrote in your essay. Just briefly summarize the most crucial points.
• Answer the “So what” question. Tell the readers why this topic matters, why you’ve chosen it, and why it’s valuable for the reader.
• Provide a closure. It’s an effective strategy when you want to make the reader think. Leave them with a strong statement at the end of your essay.

Synthesis Paper Proofreading Tips

When you have finally written your paper, there is still one important thing left to do. You need to check your paper for any grammatical and contextual mistakes. You certainly can do it yourself, but it would be perfect if you could ask somebody else to read it.

The first thing you need to check grammar-wise is the tense you are using. There is no single tense you need to use for the synthesis essay. It depends on the format:

• If you’re writing in MLA format, use the present tense;
• For APA essays, you use the past tense.

The next step is to check whether your synthesis essay has everything that’s required. For that, we have prepared the checklist of questions you can ask yourself to proofread your essays.

• Is there a clear thesis statement?
• Did you include all of the key points from the synthesis?
• Are there clear transitions between paragraphs?
• Did you organize a paragraph around a single idea?
• Did you use reliable and up-to-date sources?
• Did you analyze sources rather than just summarize them?
• Did you mention every source you’ve used?

If you’ve answered “yes” to all the questions—congratulations, you are done with the essay! Otherwise, you need to come back and fix everything that you’ve answered “no” to.

✍️ Synthesis Essay Topics and Prompts

Sometimes, when you don’t have a topic , it is tough to come up with a suitable idea. That is why we have prepared two lists of topics that you can use for any synthesis essay type.

Explanatory Synthesis Essay Topics

The topics below are suitable for an explanatory synthesis essay:

• The beginning of Hollywood cinema. Cinema is a huge industry in the USA. Tell the readers about its history. Describe what it was like in the beginning, which movie was the first one, and who started this industry.
• Tactics on dealing with noisy children. Sometimes kids can be very loud, especially in public places. Write about different tactics that can help with this issue.
• The effects of climate change on the water cycle.  Climate change has affected the water cycle significantly. Your task is to explain how.
• The best American cities to live in. Provide the list of the best cities and explain why you’ve included them.
• The importance of a healthy diet . Keeping a healthy diet is beneficial in many ways. Write about all the advantages it brings.
• Who can become an entrepreneur? Entrepreneurship is not for everybody. In this essay, you can describe the qualities needed for having your own business.
• The correlation between overpopulation and poverty . Describe how overpopulation leads to poverty and vice versa.
• The advantages of taking an active vacation.
• Cultural shock as a part of moving to a different country.
• The consequences of the first wave of feminism.
• Synthesis of Tan and Rodriguez’ essays ideas. 
• Difficulties you may encounter during the job interview.
• How does reading prevent Alzheimer’s disease?
• The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on businesses.
• The connection between religion and politics in ruling the country.
• What can non-verbal signals tell you about a person?
• The psychology of leadership .
• The origins of the most common  stereotypes  about Americans.
• Role of social media in business communication.
• The synthesis of personal nursing philosophy concept. 
• Behavioral components of schizophrenia and psychosis.
• Main components of successful entrepreneurship.
• Critical components of scientific research.
• Change in religion and human beliefs throughout history.
• The effect of global warming on modern life.

Argument Synthesis Paper Topics

The list of topics for the Argument Synthesis Essay:

• Vaping is better than smoking. People are starting to exchange cigarettes for vapes and e-cigarettes. In what ways are they less harmful?
• Rich people should pay higher taxes. The same percentage of money doesn’t equal for rich and poor people. Explain why the ones who can afford more should share with others.
• Depression is a disease. Prove that psychological problems must be recognized as real health issues that should be cured and not ignored.
• Social media affects young people’s lives. Social media has a massive influence on people. In this essay, you can discuss which life spheres are the most affected.
• Beauty pageants should be banned. Provide the reasons why they should be banned and tell the reader about psychological problems they can cause.
• People should cut meat from their diet to stop global warming. Describe how the meat industry influences climate change.
• The voting age should be 25+. Your task is to show the reasons why the votes of people under 25 should not be taken into account during elections.
• A healthy lifestyle requires a lot of money.
• Each healthy man should serve in the military.
• School bullying should be punished by immediate exclusion.
• Does friendship exist between men and women?
• Drinking coffee is a bad habit.
• Working hard is more important than being talented.
• Everybody should visit a therapist at least once.
• Should universities be free?
• Artificial intelligence will cause huge unemployment rates.
• Gaming should not be allowed to children under 18.
• Components and strategies of social responsibility
• Integration of relevant ethical theory and conceptual principles in health care 
• Children under 10 should be banned from gadgets.  
• Social media platforms facilitate cyberbullying.
• Issues of distance education.
• Social media addiction is a serious disease.
• Deforestation critically contributes to global warming.
• Healthcare should be free for everyone.

📑 Synthesis Essay Example & Synthesis Essay Format Tips

Now let’s talk about formatting. There are two writing styles you can use for a synthesis essay: APA or MLA. You need to choose the one that is required for your assignment.

We will start with the paper in APA format. It is usually used in science and education.

And these are MLA formatting rules:

Finally, we’ve prepared a synthesis essay sample for you to check out. Feel free to download the PDF file below:

First introduced in the Civil Rights Act of 1964, affirmative action policies aim to mitigate the discrepancy in opportunities available for underrepresented social groups by taking into account one’s minority background. The policies have become a pressing public issue that obstructs previously marginalized individuals, particularly in the educational environment.

Thank you for reading the ultimate guide on synthesis essay writing. We hope you found it helpful. Don’t forget to share it with your friends. Good luck with your assignments!

🔍 References

• Writing a Synthesis Essay: Bowling Green State University
• What Is Synthesis: University of Manitoba
• Synthesis: Biology Online
• Reading Strategies: Difference Summarizing and Synthesizing: WordPress
• Summary, Analysis, Synthesis Definitions: University of Utah
• Argumentative Synthesis: University of Arkansas
• How to Synthesize Written Information: Simply Psychology
• Mapping of Synthesis Essay: University of Nevada, Reno
• Writing a Literature Review and Using a Synthesis Matrix: Florida International University
• Synthesis Essay: Cleveland State University
• Literature Review: Synthesizing Multiple Sources: Louisiana State University
• Writing a Conclusion: Texas Women’s University
• General APA Guidelines: Purdue University
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How to write a synthesis essay

• January 1, 2024

Synthesis essay is a challenging form of academic writing in which you combine multiple sources into a coherent and persuasive argument.

When writing one, better follow a series of basic steps that we will explain in the next paragraphs to write a great essay.

So let’s quickly start learning how to write a great synthesis essay.

Quick summary

• Take the time to understand the essay prompt to grasp the requirements of the assignment.
• Engage in extensive research and gather information from a variety of reputable sources.
• Develop a strong thesis statement and outline.
• Start writing your introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion. Make sure to include smooth transitions between these paragraphs.
• Use the proper citation or formatting (APA, MLA, etc.) and make sure you proofread your essay.

Synthesis essay definition

What is a synthesis essay?

Your primary goal with a synthesis essay is to provide a unique perspective, supported by evidence. For example, suppose you have two distinct essays or research papers on “excessive social media usage” and “the effects of social media on psychology.”

In your synthesis essay, you can blend these two sources into a cohesive argument like “the psychological impacts of excessive social media usage on individuals.”

Synthesis essay introduction

The introduction is the opening paragraph of a synthesis essay, where you present the topic and provide background information. Like a usual introduction , it should not be more than 10% of your essay.

• It should include a clear and concise thesis statement that states the main argument or viewpoint of the essay.
• It should reflect the synthesis of information from multiple sources.

Now let’s have a look at the introduction example below. 

Synthesis essay introduction example

Introduction, body paragraphs.

The body paragraphs form the core of the synthesis essay. Each paragraph should focus on a specific aspect of the argument and present evidence and analysis from the sources to support the thesis statement. When writing body paragraphs: 

• Use topic sentences to introduce the main idea of each paragraph
• Make use of transition words to create a smooth flow between paragraphs.

Let’s have a look at a body paragraph example.

Synthesis essay body paragraph example

Synthesis essay conclusion.

The conclusion is the final paragraph of your essay. A compelling conclusion leaves a lasting impact on the reader, reinforcing the essay’s main message. 

• Restate the thesis statement slightly different.
• Summarize the main points discussed in the body paragraphs and emphasize the significance of the overall synthesis 

Let’s have a look at the components of a conclusion paragraph below. 

Synthesis essay conclusion example

Now that we’ve seen a short example of synthesis essay, let’s continue with the steps to write a great one.

Steps on writing a synthesis essay

In this section, we’ll guide you through the writing process with each steps explained in detail and examples. 

Step 1 - Understand your assignment

• Depending on your field of study, you may need to adhere to standard formatting styles such as MLA , APA , or Chicago.
• Consider that formatting expectations may be different. Pay attention to certain guidelines provided by your instructor.

Example of a synthesis essay assignment

• Investigate the impact of artificial intelligence on the job market and society.
• Synthesize at least three different sources, including academic articles, news reports, and opinion pieces, to discuss the benefits and challenges posed by AI's integration into various industries.
• Consider the ethical implications, potential job displacement, and the role of policymakers in addressing these changes.
• Use correct APA 7 citation format and make sure the essay is at least 1000 words.

So you see an example above, take some time to carefully review the prompt, and give particular attention to the formatting requirements. 

Step 2 - Read and annotate the sources

After finding relevant sources, read each one critically by highlighting key ideas and arguments. Annotating sources with concise summaries and evaluative comments helps in later stages of the essay writing process.

• Academic Journals and Research Papers: These are scholarly articles written by experts in a particular field.
• Books: Books: written by reputable authors and published by well-known publishers can be valuable sources of information.
• Government Publications: Reports, statistics, and studies published by government agencies can be reliable sources of data.
• Newspapers and Magazines: Articles from reputable newspapers and magazines can offer current and relevant information on various topics.

Step 3 - Draft a thesis statement

A well-crafted thesis statement forms the basis of any synthesis paper. It serves as the central argument, summarizing the synthesis of information gathered from selected sources. 

A compelling thesis statement should be clear, concise, and debatable as it sets the tone for the entire paper. 

Synthesis essay thesis statement example

....(introduction starts) ....(introduction continues) ....(introduction continues) The pursuit of space exploration has had profound effects on scientific advancement, global cooperation, and technological innovation, and has also raised ethical considerations. Thesis statement, which is usually the last sentence of your introduction

Step 4 - Create an outline

Creating an outline helps to organize the structure of the essay systematically. Using a formal approach with Roman numerals allows for an orderly arrangement of topics and supporting details.

With an outline , you can use subcategories to cite specific points and integrate references to various sources. Or simply structure your whole essay before you start. 

Synthesis essay outline example

Outline sample

• Hook sentence
• Background information
• Thesis statement (Your argument & claim)
• Topic sentene
• Supporting detail 1
• Supporting detail 2
• Supporting evidence
• Topic sentence
• Counterpoint
• Restatement of thesis
• Summarize main points
• Closing sentence

Step 5 - Start writing your essay

With the outline, structure your essay into introduction , body paragraphs , and conclusion .  

First draft won’t be perfect, no worries. Here you simply start writing your essay from intro to the conclusion. 

Refer to our Introduction-Body-Conclusion examples above to complete this step!

Step 6 - Proofread your essay

• Make sure your grammar is accurate and clear. If possible, use tools like Grammarly .
• Read aloud your essay to notice details and mistakes.
• Let your essay sit for a couple days and make someone else read it. They may notice the mistakes you've overseen.
• Utilize an AI paraphrasing tool to check for any potential improvements in sentence structure and wording.

5-Paragraph Synthesis Essay Example

So now that you’ve seen all steps of writing a synthesis essay, it’s time to analyze a 5-paragraph example to have practical information. Simply see the essay example below and analyze how each sentence contributes to overall structure of essay. 

The Rise of Telecommuting: A Blessing or a Curse?

And that’s all for today. If you want to keep learning more about academic writing, feel free to visit our extensive Learning Center or YouTube Channel . 

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Synthesis Essay Examples

A synthesis essay aims to create insightful connections between relatively distinct sources that tackle the same problem. This method is widely used in the introductory part of a research paper to cover all the approaches without criticizing them. In a word, you shall choose the best ideas from the referenced texts to support your thesis statement.

The below synthesis essay examples are an excellent source of ideas for analysis and reflection. Besides, many of them contain a bibliography list. Thus, if your task matches some of the synthesis essay titles, you can use their references for your preliminary research.

103 Best Synthesis Essay Examples

Experimental studies on williams syndrome disease.

• Subjects: Genetics Sciences

Teenage Depression: Psychology-Based Treatment

• Subjects: Psychological Issues Psychology

Book Search on Research Design

• Subjects: Education Educational Resources

The Complexity of Management

• Subjects: Business Decision Making
• Words: 2615

Victor Lipman, a Forbes Magazine contributor talks about the management practices

• Subjects: Business Management

Under-age Criminals in the New York Times Archives

• Subjects: Terrorism Prevention Warfare

Alan Taylor: American Colonies

• Subjects: History United States
• Words: 1181

Obsessive Branding Disorder: The Business of Illusion and the Illusion of Business

• Subjects: Business Marketing

Metacognition and Neuropsychology

Do all languages have word accent.

• Subjects: Linguistics Stylistics
• Words: 1679

Justice: What’s the Right Thing to Do?

• Subjects: Politics & Government Social & Political Theory

“Nelson Mandela, Autobiography” Book

• Subjects: Historical Figures History
• Words: 1132

Analysis of Qualitative Nursing Research Study

• Subjects: Health & Medicine Healthcare Research
• Words: 1968

How Technology Is Changing the Health Care Field

• Subjects: Health & Medicine Health IT

Significance of Shifts Fostering Lifelong Learning and Human Capital Formation

• Subjects: Curriculum Development Education
• Words: 1416

John Lewis Gaddis: Surprise, Security and the American Experience

• Subjects: Historical Literature Literature

Corporate Sustainability by Jonathan Atwood

• Subjects: Environment Environmental Studies
• Words: 1791

Hegemony Theories: Leadership and Governance

Legal issues in the traditional workplace.

• Subjects: Labor Law Law
• Words: 4079

Foreign Trade Zone: Legal Issues and Implications

• Subjects: Economics International Trade Policy

Mary Wollstonecraft’s Achievements in Struggles for Gender Equality

• Subjects: History Women Studies

American Foundational Values

• Subjects: Government Politics & Government
• Words: 1378

Workplace Issues in the Tourism Industry

• Subjects: Tourism World Tourism
• Words: 1833

Culture as a Means of Managing Employees

• Words: 1219

Propaganda Movement in Mass Media

• Subjects: Entertainment & Media Journalism
• Words: 1485

Role of the Woman During the Spanish Civil War

• Words: 2770

“The House on Mango Street” by Sandra Cisneros

• Subjects: American Novels Influences Literature
• Words: 1120

An Analysis of Music Theory

• Subjects: Art Musical Compositions

Value and need as organizing factors in perception

• Subjects: Psychology Social Psychology Deviations

“Black Citymakers” by Marcus Anthony Hunter

• Subjects: American Literature Literature
• Words: 1134

Ethics and Clinical Trials

Role of wealthy countries in international development.

• Subjects: International Relations Politics & Government
• Words: 1371

The Construction of Brazilian Identity in Japan

• Subjects: Immigration Sociology

Gluttony in the Merchant of Four Seasons

• Words: 1931

The French Wars of Religion, 1562-1598

• Subjects: History Western Europe

Amusing Ourselves to Death Thesis

• Subjects: Sociological Issues Sociology

Role of the Press in Civil Rights

• Subjects: African American Studies History

Political and Social Conflicts and Ling-Ling’s Perception of Life in Shanghai

“pity the children” by taylor phil, the prime objective of marketing strategies or techniques.

• Words: 1375

Modern Marketing Strategy

• Words: 1595

The Dragon’s Village Response Paper

• Subjects: Asia History

Cooperative Exporters: The Enhancement of the International Assistance

• Subjects: Economics Trade

Native American Multicultural Literature

• Words: 2867

Globalization and Culture: Possibilities and Anxieties

• Subjects: Economics Globalization
• Words: 1376

Employee Motivation as a Component of Performance Management

• Subjects: Behavior Management Psychology
• Words: 3611

Gathering Current Market Information

• Words: 2852

On Change Models Developed by Scholars

• Words: 1174

Summarizing of articles by Catherine Rampell, Lacey Johnson and Paul Krugman

• Subjects: Education Education System

Wireless Technology in Health Monitoring

• Words: 4103

Equity Investment: Decision Making – Business Valuation

Medical ethics in treatment of animals.

• Subjects: Health & Medicine Medical Ethics
• Words: 1657

Attorney General in Charter of Rights and Freedoms Cases

The us military experience in films.

• Words: 5330

“Capital Moves: RCA’s Seventy-Year Quest for Cheap Labor” a Book by Jefferson R. Cowie

• Words: 1560

Assassination of Osama Bin Laden Influence

• Words: 1231

Leadership Styles in Organisations

• Words: 2883

Models and Concepts of Quality

Life culture in london south bank university.

• Subjects: Cultural Diversity Culture
• Words: 1352

The Intersubjective View of Narcissism

• Words: 3415

What do Lonergan, Loewe, and Miller Say About the Mysteries of God and the Human Person

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How to write a good AP synthesis essay

Published September 27, 2020. Updated June 7, 2022.

Synthesis Essay Definition

A synthesis essay uses information from multiple sources to support an argument or explanation.

Overview of Synthesis Essay Writing

First, take some time to develop a thorough understanding of what you will be writing about. Take notes as you go, keeping track of points you want to make and evidence you want to include in the essay. While you read, you can begin to brainstorm a thesis statement and outline for the essay. Writing an outline will help structure your essay and keep you on track. The standard synthesis essay outline includes an introduction, body, and conclusion. Spend adequate time reviewing the instructions, sources, and prompts.

The AP English Language and Composition (also known as AP Lang) exam is composed of two sections: a Multiple Choice section and a Free Response section. It’s normal to be nervous before an exam, especially an AP exam. If you’re not sure what to expect from the AP Lang synthesis essay, never fear. Here you can read about everything you need to know before exam day, including:

• the purpose of the synthesis essay
• what to expect from the sources and prompt
• a sample prompt and response
• how the synthesis essay is scored
• how to write a high-scoring synthesis essay

Worried about your writing? Submit your paper for a Chegg Writing essay check , or for an Expert Check proofreading . Both can help you find and fix potential writing issues.

Synthesis essay

The College Board describes the synthesis essay this way:

“After reading 6–7 texts about a topic (including visual and quantitative sources), students will compose an argument that combines and cites at least 3 of the sources to support their thesis.”

You will have 45 minutes to complete the synthesis essay. How you use this time is up to you, but below we’ve included a timeline for how you might choose to use your 45 minutes.

What will the sources and prompt be like?

The six to seven sources will all be centered on a specific topic. In past exams, the prompt has been focused on subjects like alternative energy and eminent domain. At least two of the sources will be visual, and at least one will be numerical (a chart or graph). The others will be text passages of roughly 500 words.

Before the sources, you’ll be given directions and a writing prompt. The prompt will explain the topic, then present a claim for you to respond to. Your response should synthesize material from at least three of the sources, forming a full-fledged essay.

See a sample synthesis essay prompt directly from the College Board linked here.

Following the directions in this sample prompt, you’ll find Sources A-F. Click here to view sample student responses.

How will my synthesis essay be scored?

Synthesis essays will be scored on a range from 0 to 6 based on an analytic rubric. This score will be the total of three scores based on three categories: your thesis, your evidence and commentary, and your sophistication.

Click here to review the complete free-response scoring guidelines for the 2020 AP Lang exam. As a quick summary, we’ll provide the College Board’s descriptions for what warrants the highest and lowest points in each category.

According to the AP English Language Scoring Rubrics, 0 points in the thesis category will be given “for any of the following”:

• There is no defensible thesis.
• The intended thesis only restates the prompt.
• The intended thesis provides a summary of the issue with no apparent or coherent claim.
• There is a thesis, but it does not respond to the prompt.

1 point in the thesis category will be given to essays that respond “to the prompt with a thesis that presents a defensible position.”

0 points will be given in the evidence and commentary section to any essay that “Simply restates thesis (if present), repeats provided information, or references fewer than two of the provided sources.”

4 points will be given in the evidence and commentary section to an essay that “Provides specific evidence from at least three of the provided sources to support all claims in a line of reasoning” and “Consistently explains how the evidence supports a line of reasoning.”

Finally, in the sophistication category , 1 point will be given to an essay that demonstrates “sophistication of thought and/or develops a complex understanding of the rhetorical situation.” 0 points will be given to essays that do not meet that criteria.

While it’s natural to worry about your score, keep in mind that your scorers know you have less than an hour to complete your synthesis essay. They know it is essentially a first draft, and they will pay more mind to what you do right than what you do wrong. Even the highest-scoring essays will contain occasional errors, so worry less about perfection than your holistic argument and synthesis.

How to write a high-scoring synthesis essay

Before we dive into what makes a high-scoring synthesis essay, let’s cover the basics. What is a synthesis essay?

Basically, a synthesis essay uses information from multiple sources to support an argument or explanation. However, when it comes to the AP Lang exam, you will be writing an argumentative synthesis essay.

You’ll take an argumentative stance, which you will express via your thesis statement, and argue in favor of that stance using evidence from multiple sources.

Outstanding AP Lang synthesis essays tend to do the following things very well. They:

• demonstrate an understanding of the topic at hand.
• express understanding of the topic’s importance.
• make the writer’s opinion on the topic clear early on.
• frequently cite examples from the sources, such as statistics and quotes.
• conclude with a strong “so what” point.

To write an essay that succeeds in all of these areas, you should use a few strategies on exam day.

Read, read, and read again

One of the worst mistakes you can make is to jump into outlining and writing before you’ve read and analyzed the directions, prompt, and sources. Though you have limited time, it’s worth taking some time to develop a thorough understanding about what you’ll be writing about.

Take notes as you go, keeping track of points you want to make and evidence you want to include in your essay. While you read, you can begin to brainstorm a thesis statement and outline for your essay.

Follow an outline

Even if you’re more of a “fly by the seat of your pants” type, an outline will help structure your essay and keep you on track.

Below is a standard synthesis essay outline to keep in mind. However, this is only an example, and your argument may not fit this outline exactly.

• Give a bit of context on the subject, demonstrating the knowledge you gained from reviewing the sources.
• Give a clear and concise thesis statement that presents your argument.
• Topic sentence
• Evidence #1
• Evidence #2
• Sum up the main points made in the essay.
• Restate the thesis statement
• End on a “so what?” statement.

Don’t lose track of time

While it’s vital you spend adequate time reviewing the instructions, sources, and prompt, it’s a lost cause if you don’t leave yourself enough time to outline and write!

Here’s a handy timeline to keep in mind during the 55-minute-long synthesis essay portion of the AP Lang exam:

• Reading the directions, sources, and prompt: 15 minutes
• Analyzing the sources and outlining your response: 10 minutes
• Drafting your response: 25 minutes
• Reviewing and revising your response: 5 minutes

Before you turn in that paper, don’t forget to cite your sources in APA format , MLA format , or a style of your choice.

Sample synthesis essay

Although you cannot know what your prompt and sources will be before exam day, you can prepare beforehand by reading sample synthesis essays  and writing practice essays from past questions .

AP synthesis example essay

Based on the 2020 prompt : 

The impact of television on political matters has been  under  debate for years. Television provides a low-cost method to  stay informed  about policy changes  and receive  important announcements, and  it  often  offers  a path to learn more about political figures and their plans for the United States. However, critics of television believe that there is a strong psychological and marketing strategy in play,  which  presents  false images of personalities and  is  commonly used as a tool to sway public opinion. While there are drawbacks to  broadcasting debates and politics ,  it  positively influences presidential elections by providing accessible information to viewers ,  shar ing  the candidate s’  personali ties , plans, and ideals during  their  potential role as president,  and  ultimately assisting citizens in casting their vot e.  

The  primary benefit of televising politics is t hat it provides  accessible information . Television, as s ource A explains , provides an opportunity for citizens to be more involved in political matters than ever before, specifically  by adding to  their  knowledge. With public speeches and political events televised, viewers can learn about the structure of the U.S. political system and build a better understanding  of  how legislation is created, in addition to their representative s’  contribution s  to political matters.  The reach of television is clear, as shown in Source D, where millions of viewers tune in every four years for the presidential debates.  T he data reports  that  80.6 million people view ed  the debates in 1980,  and even  in 1996, the chart’s lowest year of ratings, 46.1 million viewers tuned in — all who may have been influenced to vote !  The data shows that television is unmatched in  its  ability to reach voters , proving that it is a beneficial tool for providing information  to help  citizens  make their choices .  

Television also works as a trust-building tool between the viewer and the presidential candidate s . Although the criticism from Source C — which  claim s  that televised debates  are  largely  focused  on image instead of content — is noteworthy,  we  must also consider the relationship development that occurs between the constituent and the politician.  For example, consider  the story of Walter Cronkite, who performed investigat ive  journalism on-site in Vietnam to deliver a message about his opinion of the war. In doing so, he was able to shift the support for the ongoing war into a national call for closure, resulting in the end of the United States ’  presence in Vietnam and potentially saving thousands  of  live s  (Source E) . For presidents, their arguments, vision, and speeches can establish trust with the viewers, raising  citizens’  confidence  in their  ability  to  do the job successfully.  Though  televised appearances do result in investment in public relation campaigns and sometimes  support  an inauthentic view  of their subjects , at the same time, television serves as an important tool to connect citizens with their  president and  candidates .  

Perhaps the most  troubling   element of  televisi ng  presidential elections  is the threat  of commercialism. With the variety of issues and complaints regarding legislation and public policy, presidential candidates may use their live airtime to tackle only the most popular economic and social issues. T ed Koppel  analyzed  this phenomenon  during a past presidential debate,  in which  the television station structured the debate to limit responses from the candidates (Source F) .  This approach is somewhat deceptive, forcing the candidates to come up with quick answers  while  masking other issues.  For example,  only the most popular social issues may have been brought up, sidelining  complex political matters and policy problems  that may have been ongoing for years.  However, while this  format  surely limits candidates ’ ability  to share their opinions on a wide variety of issues, television does allow  the candidates to connect with the masses, which may not be possible through other forms of communication.  I f necessary , the format  of future debates  could be restructured to create  more  space for complex  argumentation   without sacrificing the benefits of televised  communication.  

In summary, t he  influence of television is unprecedented, allowing presidential candidates and other politicians to connect with viewers from across the nation. The critics are justified in  remarking   that  televised debates  may mislead  citizens through their  emphasis on  public image. However,  if audiences  analyz e  the debates, announcements, and other  such  matters with a critical approach,  this highly accessible form of communication  encourages people to build trust with presidential candidates, enhance their worldview, and feel more involved in political matters.  

Works cited

“AP English Language.” AP Central , 13 Aug. 2020, apcentral.collegeboard.org/courses/ap-english-language-and-composition/exam.

“AP English Language and Composition Free-Response Questions Scoring Rubrics, Effective Fall 2019.” The College Board, 2019, https://apcentral.collegeboard.org/pdf/ap-english-language-and-composition-frqs-1-2-3-scoring-rubrics.pdf

“AP English Language and Composition 2020 Free-Response Scoring Guidelines Applied to the 2019 Exam Questions.” The College Board, 2019, https://apcentral.collegeboard.org/pdf/ap-english-language-and-composition-2020-frq-scoring-guidelines-2019-exam-questions-0.pdf

Published September 8, 2020.

By Jolee McManus. Jolee earned a BA in English from the University of Georgia. She has several years of experience as a writing tutor and freelance copywriter and editor.

Common Writing Assignments, Apps & Tests

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Synthesis Essay Materials

The two synthesis essay questions below are examples of the question type that has been one of the three free-response questions on the AP English Language and Composition Exam as of the May 2007 exam. The synthesis question asks students to synthesize information from a variety of sources to inform their own discussion of a topic. Students are given a 15-minute reading period to accommodate the additional reading required for the question.

Below is a sample synthesis essay question, sample scoring guidelines, comments from the Chief Reader about the sample student essays, seven sample student responses, and scoring commentary for each sample.

Approximately 300 AP English Language and Composition students from eight schools in New York, Maine, Texas, Tennessee, Washington, Florida, and New Mexico wrote responses to this synthesis topic. Students from these schools were given a 15-minute reading period followed by a 40-minute writing period in which to complete the sample synthesis assignment.

• AP English Language and Composition Synthesis Essay #1 (.pdf/84KB)
• Sample Scoring Guidelines (.pdf/43KB)
• Comments from the Chief Reader (.pdf/47KB)
• Sample Student Responses (.pdf/3.65MB)
• Scoring Commentary (.pdf/50KB)

An additional sample synthesis essay question is provided here.

• AP English Language and Composition Synthesis Essay #2 (.pdf/338KB)

Writing Synthesis Essay: Make it Easy with Our Comprehensive Guide

Table of contents

• 1 Purpose and Objectives of a Synthesis Essay
• 2.1 Explanatory Synthesis Essay
• 2.2 Argument Synthesis Essay
• 2.3 Review Synthesis Essay
• 3 Common Topics Encountered in Synthesis Essays
• 4.1 Conduct Thorough Research
• 4.2 Look from Diverse Perspectives
• 4.3.1 Chronological Method
• 4.3.2 Thematic Method
• 4.3.3 Point-by-point Method
• 5 Make a Synthesis Essay Outline to Structure Content
• 6.1 Critically Analyze Sources and Identify Their Relevance to the Thesis Statement
• 7.1 Support Your Arguments
• 7.2 Address Counterarguments
• 8.1 Bibliography
• 9 Proofread and Edit Your Essay
• 10 Bottom line
• 11.1 How long should a synthesis essay be?
• 11.2 How many paragraphs are in a synthesis essay?
• 11.3 Is a synthesis essay argumentative?
• 11.4 Does a synthesis essay have a counterargument?

Being a student is a challenging task, as you have to handle different types of essays, particularly synthesis essays. What is a synthesis essay? Such creative writing helps students to develop research skills, conduct a thorough analysis and improve their writing skills. Also, it boosts their abilities to deliver original ideas, arguments, and clear explanations of particular viewpoints. Students might often receive such writing tasks for the AP English language exam. We know how challenging it can be for them to write a synthesis essay.

With this in mind, we uncover the key points of synthesis writing in this review, which are the following:

• We’ll define the main traits of this essay type
• What are the different types?
• We collect the best advice on how to write a synthesis essay.
• and prepared the list of synthesis essay topic examples.

If you find it difficult to start your synthesis essay, you can get help from our PapersOwl service. The best experts in academic writing await you to bring up a good synthesis essay with a high assessment grade.

Purpose and Objectives of a Synthesis Essay

First and foremost, it is vital to understand the definition of a synthesis essay. It is a type of essay in which you should provide justified arguments, ideas, or statements based on a particular point of view. Composing a synthesis essay requires a lot of time and effort. You must analyze many credible sources to collect specific data and create a unique research paper. Synthesizing sources has to do with analyzing them, but not vice versa. You should provide an in-depth analysis of each source and then combine the similarities or differences between them into one coherent and well-structured essay. The next section uncovers this matter.

Key Features and Components

A synthesis essay counts a few types depending on the objectives to reveal. But essential synthesis essay components are the same and consist of three main parts: introduction, main body, and conclusion. The introductory paragraph should be catchy and highlight the main points of your paperwork due to a good thesis statement. The main body should include at least three paragraphs separated by exposing different thoughts, arguments, or explanations. The conclusion should also leave a spot for meditating for your reader on what you have disclosed in it. Further, we explain three types of synthesis papers and their specifications.

Explanatory Synthesis Essay

This type of synthesis essay involves disclosing various facts, views, or points. That’s why it is required to explore many reliable sources to get as much relevant information about a topic under investigation as possible. Thus, a writer can explain the emergence of certain points of view and facts. This writing task helps high school and college students do deep research, compare facts and perspectives, and deliver a detailed synthesis analysis essay. It is essential to complement each statement with specific evidence and statistical data. This will underline the relevance of the information introduced in an essay and make it meaningful and reasonable.

Argument Synthesis Essay

When writing argumentative essays , one must choose a specific topic and present arguments supporting or opposing viewpoints. This writing assignment incorporates two objectives: gather and systemize information revealing the main topic and argue them from your perspective. It requires creativity and deep knowledge of the field and aspect you must put on paper. Writing an argumentative essay is not an easy task. You should stick to a particular perspective and move on to exposing it. It is crucial to provide enough facts and proof to convince your reader that your viewpoint is noteworthy.

Review Synthesis Essay

Review synthesis essays are often parts of larger projects and are used to make reviews of particular aspects, for example, in medicine and social sciences. When composing this type of essay, you should provide full information about the examined object, state, or problem. The literature review should contain as many key points and peculiarities as possible. Thus, it will draw a complete picture of an aspect that will bring clarification and worth to your topic. To hook your reader from the very onset, you should articulate a good synthesis thesis statement in your introductory paragraph.

Common Topics Encountered in Synthesis Essays

To help you with a topic choice for your AP Lang synthesis essay, we listed some from different fields and sciences. The first of three essays is about AI technology. We tried to single out the most relevant example prompt topics for you to get started with. Check them out below.

• Artificial intelligence: Big threat or valuable tool for modern society
• Cryptomarket: The ups and downs
• Technology in the traditional classroom: A threat or benefit?
• Explain whether testing new drugs on animals is ethically permissible
• Should alternative medications be covered by insurance?
• Disturbance regimes under Global Warming
• Explaining how the American way of life contributes to global warming
• Distance education: Its effect on college students on campus
• Can modern people keep complete control over their life?
• Nuclear or solar power: Benefits and Demerits
• Explain the impact of gas fuel plants
• Remote work impact on people: How is their physical activity?
• Explain the role of sport in the American education system
• Is it possible to buy happiness for money?
• The basic survival skills everyone should know

Tips on How to Write Synthesis Essay

It is easier said than done when it comes to writing a synthesis essay. That is true, and for this reason, we outlined the list of valuable synthesis essay tips we consider the most essential to focus on. They are helpful for both writing an AP lang synthesis essay and a term assessment. Check them out.

Conduct Thorough Research

A good paper is regarded as meaningful when it is based on deep and all-encompassing research. Don’t neglect to provide a thorough exploration of your topic. The more information you find, the more valuable and reasonable your essay will be. But make sure you use credible sources to summarize and synthesize the data. Once you have a viewpoint to reveal, look for sources that support it or oppose it so that you can use them to substantiate your perspective.

Look from Diverse Perspectives

When willing to express one particular point or argument, consider other perspectives that might contradict your ideas. Why is it important? You should be aware of all the main arguments or acceptances occurring around your topic. It is essential to study different points of view that emerged on the basis of your theme or aspect under study. This could help you disclose another side or significance of your essay topic and change the focus of the main content you want to unleash. Doing this can reveal a new perspective, idea, or aspect of your synthesis essay’s research.

Choose an Organizational Method

Although an essay has a standard structure, your content should be well-composed and introduced coherently. All data should be outlined so a reader will enjoy the smooth turn from one statement to another. Depending on the field and aspect you are preparing a synthesis essay about, there are three methods to organize the content in your paper. They are the following:

Chronological Method

If you include dates or other significant events in your review or argumentative essay, it makes sense to present them in chronological order. Every fact should be justified per its development. So later, you can introduce your perspective or statement that will explain the impact of prior events. For example, when revealing a particular historical period in the US, you should first mention all important events chronologically. So then, you can argue your idea about the changes they brought to the country from a political or international perspective.

Thematic Method

A synthesis paper can be written for any field of science to represent a shorter version of facts, viewpoints, research results, etc. That’s why students can come across some topics that require uncovering a few themes in one essay. It is where a thematic method of content organization takes place. You should determine what notions or terms should be mentioned and revealed in your paper. Then, think of what term might explain or continue a key message of another term. Once you find out this detail, you should present each term one after another, keeping coherence in the information flow.

Point-by-point Method

As synthesis papers deal with different ideas, arguments, viewpoints, etc., comparison as a research method has a place. You can operate with many hypotheses, approaches, ideas, and arguments, so comparing them and finding their similarities and differences makes sense. This content organization method involves explaining one point of the synthesis statement, and then another point to compare further.

Crafting a successful synthesis essay requires a well-structured outline, which can be challenging to develop without assistance. Luckily, many academic essay writing services, such as PapersOwl.com, offer support in this area. To help you get started, here is an outline you can utilize to write a compelling synthesis essay that will leave a lasting impression on your professor.

Make a Synthesis Essay Outline to Structure Content

Earlier, we emphasized the importance of orchestrating your main content under study. This section covers the crucial thing in writing a synthesis essay: an outline. The outline is a great synthesis essay template for structuring your entire paper. We recommend you always stick to it once you define your essay’s topic and objective. Thanks to it you will be able to keep your focus on the angle of your work.

If you want to deepen your knowledge, we have prepared steps on how to write a synthesis essay outline. The outline of your essay must include three main components, but it can vary, and mostly the main difference is in a short and cited presentation of the thoughts you want to reveal in your essay. Below, we introduce a brief outline structure:

• Introductory part

The beginning of your essay mustn’t be too long. It is enough to disclose your objective, the main topic, and a strong thesis statement in one paragraph. It doesn’t make sense to keep a reader’s attention for long in the introduction, explaining what you are going to describe or argue in detail. Present it shortly and precisely.

• Body paragraph

In this part of the essay, you should introduce all you have researched, analyzed, and systematized. Likewise, you should expose your material in a minimum of three paragraphs. Each part has an appropriate synthesis-paragraph structure. In the outline, we recommend you craft a bullet list of three here and note shortly what points you want to describe in each paragraph.

This is the summarizing part of the essay, where you conclude all the information introduced in your synthesis essay. It is essential to repeat the thesis statements here. It should also be concise.

Write an Engaging Introduction

A good synthesis essay should get a reader engaged straight from its introduction. An introductory part should be composed in an interesting way to keep reading your essay. Here is where a reader finds out about the background of the topic and what main problems or ideas will be discussed. Such information should be catchy, and it is essential to make the first opening sentence sharper.

Another important thing in the introduction is crafting a hooky synthesis essay thesis statement. The thesis will be like a compass to the main points of your essay. Try to make the topic sentence specific and intriguing by matching your essay objectives.

Introduction synthesis essay example: When it comes to running a successful business, there’s no doubt that having the right people on board is crucial. After all, a company is simply a group of individuals working together towards a common goal. However, not enough emphasis is placed on what the “right” people actually look like. That’s why I wanted to bring attention to an often overlooked but incredibly important attribute: resistance. In this article, I’ll explain what resistance is, why it matters, and how you can identify it in potential team members.

Critically Analyze Sources and Identify Their Relevance to the Thesis Statement

A thesis presents a key message of your paper. This is what both reveals the focus of an essay and captures a reader’s attention. That’s why it requires exploring many sources carefully and critically analyzing them to identify their relevance. So then, you can formulate a strong thesis statement that will combine the key points of the synthesis essay. The more valuable data you find and analyze, the more precious your thesis.

The Main Body

There are three parts to your essay, each using a different type of evidence. The first two sections should contain evidence that supports your thesis. This can be in the form of direct quotes from your sources , statistics, and/or other research that supports your claim. The third section should contain evidence against your thesis – or what some might call “counterpoints” or “arguments against”.

Building on this structure, it’s imperative to recognize that the very foundation of your thesis relies on the robustness of these supporting arguments. Let’s look closer.

Support Your Arguments

Every thought, idea, assumption, and definition from your thesis statement must be justified by supporting arguments. No one will get involved in a piece that tells about everything and nothing simultaneously when there is no evidence and proof of mentioned facts. This point is vital as your perspective must have a background, and you should explain the reasons you provide a particular argument or viewpoint.

Extensive research and analysis of credible sources allow students to come up with exciting and valuable solutions, ideas, and directions. That’s why the time spent on deep study will always pay you back. It is a very significant component in writing argumentative synthesis essays. So, make sure you find supporting arguments for the idea or perspective you want to convey to a reader. This will increase the persuasiveness and worthiness of your message in the essay.

Address Counterarguments

Sometimes, it is difficult to persuade someone when many counterarguments make your point of view unworthy. The same might happen when you decide to start a synthesis essay and prove your opposite perspective. This task is challenging and requires thorough research of counterarguments. Only by having analyzed a massive set of information, one can provide reasonable comparisons and meaningful explanations to let a reader take their perspectives into account. Here are a few helpful tips on how to maintain a persuasive stance while considering opposing viewpoints:

• Study all counterarguments that might be according to your viewpoint;
• Learn the background of the counterarguments;
• Find out what consequences they can lead to (if they are negative);
• Weigh the influence of opposing arguments and find their weak points;
• Justify your viewpoints clearly and precisely with supporting evidence;
• Provide comparative analysis to underline the significance of your perspective;
• Never ignore the counterarguments in your informative synthesis essay paper.

Craft a Strong Conclusion

The conclusion is the last but not least component of a synthesis essay structure. The train of thoughts and ideas kept during the entire paper shouldn’t be interrupted instantly. It must have an excellent finalizing part where you sum up all mentioned in your essay and leave a good touch for your reader.

To craft a strong conclusion, you should present an overview of your research and note the main points of your argument or perspective. But remember, the conclusion doesn’t have to be too long and saturated. It should be brief, concise, and precise. Remember to remind your reader of your thesis statement and emphasize the relevance and significance of your essay’s topic.

Conclusion synthesis essay example: Through our research, we have identified effective strategies for dealing with repetitive motions in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder. It is clear that multiple behavior modification therapies are important for improving this behavior. Further exploration into behavior modification techniques could lead to finding more therapy techniques that can greatly improve the lives of those with repetitive motion behaviors. We believe that this research can make a significant impact in helping individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder lead more fulfilling lives.

Bibliography

A bibliography is a list of books, journals, and other sources of information used in the essay. The bibliography should be alphabetically arranged by the author’s last name. All sources should be listed separately on a separate page following the main body of text or at the end of your paper.

Your research sources should be properly credited at the end of the essay, whether you’re using MLA, APA, or another format . The most common form for citing an author’s work is called “parenthetical citation” or “in-text citation.” In parenthetical citations, you include the title of the work (italicized), page numbers if applicable, year published (if applicable), medium (e.g., book), and publisher’s name (if not self-published).

Proofread and Edit Your Essay

Even if you think your work is impeccable, it needs to be proofread and edited. While you are concentrating on the writing process, you might skip some other nuances. This can be punctuation, typos, grammatical errors, or incorrect sentence order. For this reason, a synthesis essay must go through thorough proofreading to detect any kind of errors. Apart from this, you can split one body paragraph into two, for example, if you find different points discussed in it. You should also format it using a particular format style to handle a well-structured, edited, and formatted essay.

Bottom line

Wrapping up, we encourage you to follow our tips on how to write a good synthesis essay. Although any type of writing isn’t easy work, you can do it well with the help of good supporting sources available on our website. If you are short on time and understand that you can’t cope with this task, you can find an expert who writes essays for you to meet your deadlines. But if you decide to make it up alone, make sure to craft an outline and follow all the insightful tips mentioned in this article.

How long should a synthesis essay be?

How many paragraphs are in a synthesis essay, is a synthesis essay argumentative, does a synthesis essay have a counterargument, readers also enjoyed.

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How to Write a Synthesis Paper: Key Strategies and Examples

• Dr. Huey Logan
• December 8, 2023
• Study Guides

Here’s how to write a synthesis paper . Whether you’re a student tackling an academic assignment or a professional seeking to improve your writing skills, this writing guide will provide you with key strategies and examples to help you succeed.

Here's What You'll Learn

A synthesis paper is a written discussion that incorporates support from multiple sources to examine a variety of viewpoints related to a thesis. It is commonly used in various types of assignments such as analysis papers, research papers, argument papers, and business reports.

To write an effective synthesis essay , it is crucial to establish a clear purpose, carefully select and evaluate sources, develop an organizational plan, and properly document sources to avoid plagiarism. Additionally, understanding different strategies for organizing a synthesis paper , such as climactic order, problem/solution, and comparison and contrast, can greatly enhance the structure and flow of your writing.

Remember that the tense to use in a synthesis paper depends on the citation style you are following, with MLA using present tense and APA using past tense.

Whether you’re new to synthesis writing or looking to refine your skills, this guide will take you step-by-step through the process and provide you with valuable insights and examples. Let’s dive in!

Key Takeaways:

• A synthesis paper incorporates support from multiple sources to examine different viewpoints related to a thesis.
• Important tips for writing an effective synthesis essay include establishing a clear purpose, selecting and evaluating sources, developing an organizational plan, and documenting sources to avoid plagiarism.

Strategies for organizing a synthesis paper include climactic order, problem/solution, and comparison and contrast.

• Choose the appropriate tense based on the citation style you are using, with MLA using present tense and APA using past tense.
• Mastering the art of writing a synthesis paper can help you convey your ideas effectively and engage with multiple perspectives.

Understanding the Process of Synthesizing Multiple Sources

A synthesis essay is an intricate task that requires the writer to bring multiple sources into conversation with each other. It involves identifying connections between ideas and points of view from different authors in order to develop a well-rounded analysis. To successfully navigate this process, several key steps should be followed.

Pre-writing Techniques for a Synthesis Essay

• Identify the debate or issue: Start by clearly understanding the topic and the various perspectives that exist.
• Determine points of agreement and disagreement: Analyze the sources to identify common ground and areas of contention between writers.
• Imagine a verbal discussion: Envision a conversation between the writers, imagining how they would respond to each other’s arguments.

These pre-writing techniques help provide a solid foundation for the synthesis essay, allowing the writer to have a clear understanding of the sources and their respective viewpoints.

Organizing Ideas in a Synthesis Essay

Organizing a synthesis essay is crucial for presenting a coherent and well-structured argument. Three main approaches can be used:

• Point by point organization: This approach focuses on discussing similar points among multiple sources. It allows for a comparison and analysis of ideas that are aligned.
• Source by source organization: Here, each source is summarized and interpreted individually. This approach is useful when the sources have distinct perspectives.
• Blended organization: A blended approach combines both point by point and source by source methods. It allows for a more sophisticated and comprehensive analysis.

By selecting the appropriate organization style, the writer can present the information in a structured and logical manner, facilitating understanding and engagement for the readers.

How to develop a Synthesis Essay Thesis Statement

A synthesis essay thesis statement acts as the foundation of the essay. It should be carefully crafted to acknowledge alternative points of view and demonstrate an understanding of complexity. A strong thesis statement will:

• State a strong position on the topic
• Briefly summarize the writer’s main points
• Introduce the sources that will be analyzed

By establishing a clear and compelling thesis statement, the writer sets the tone for the entire essay, guiding the analysis and providing a roadmap for the reader to follow.

How to Write a Synthesis Paper in 5 Proven Steps,

Do you find the process of writing a synthesis paper intimidating? Are you unsure of where to start or how to effectively organize your ideas? Don’t worry, you’re not alone. Writing a synthesis paper can be a challenging task, but with the right strategies and examples, it can become a much more manageable endeavor.

In this article, we will provide you with the key steps and techniques to write an engaging synthesis essay or synthesis paper. Whether you’re a student working on an academic assignment or a professional looking to develop your writing skills, this guide will equip you with the tools you need to succeed.

First, we will dive into understanding the synthesis paper format. By familiarizing yourself with the structure and requirements of a synthesis paper, you will be able to approach your writing with clarity and precision. Next, we will explore the importance of conducting in-depth research. You’ll learn how to gather and analyze relevant sources, ensuring that your synthesis paper is well-informed and well-supported.

Effective organization of ideas is crucial in any form of writing, and synthesis papers are no exception. We’ll provide you with strategies to arrange your thoughts and arguments in a logical and compelling manner. Additionally, crafting a strong thesis statement is essential for a successful synthesis paper. We’ll show you how to develop a concise and impactful thesis that serves as the backbone of your writing.

But that’s not all—we will guide you through the five proven steps of actually writing a synthesis paper. From outlining your paper to revising and polishing your final draft, we’ll cover each stage of the writing process. Furthermore, we will delve into writing clear and cohesive paragraphs, ensuring that your ideas flow seamlessly and your message resonates with your readers.

By following these five proven steps, you will be well-equipped to tackle any synthesis paper with confidence. Don’t let the writing process intimidate you anymore. Start unlocking your synthesis paper writing potential today and achieve the academic success you deserve! So, let’s dive in and discover how to write a synthesis paper that captivates and convinces.,

Understanding the Synthesis Paper Format

Understanding the Synthesis Paper Format is crucial when it comes to crafting a compelling and coherent piece of writing. By grasping the structure and components of this specific type of academic paper, you will be able to present your ideas in a clear and organized manner. In the following section, we will explore the key elements of the synthesis paper format and how to effectively utilize them to convey your arguments persuasively.

To begin with, the synthesis paper typically consists of an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. The introduction serves as a roadmap for your readers, providing them with a concise overview of the topic you will be discussing and the thesis statement that anchors your paper. This section should capture the attention of your audience and establish the relevance and significance of your chosen topic.

Moving on to the body paragraphs, these form the backbone of your synthesis paper. Each paragraph should focus on a specific aspect or subtopic that supports your thesis statement. It is essential to present information from multiple sources and critically analyze them, highlighting the connections, patterns, and conflicts among the sources. As you incorporate evidence and examples, ensure that you cite your sources accurately and consistently according to the required citation style.

Furthermore, maintaining a logical flow between paragraphs is crucial to ensure that your synthesis paper is cohesive and easy to follow. Use transitional words and phrases to smoothly connect ideas and demonstrate the relationships between different concepts. This will help your readers navigate through your paper effortlessly and grasp the central argument you are presenting.

Finally, the conclusion brings your synthesis paper to a close by summarizing your key points and restating your thesis statement in light of the evidence you have presented. It is also an opportunity to reflect on the significance of your findings and suggest potential avenues for future research or discussion. The conclusion should leave your readers with a sense of closure and reinforce the main ideas you have conveyed throughout your paper.

By understanding and implementing the synthesis paper format effectively, you will be able to create a strong and impactful piece of writing. In the next section, we will delve into the first step of the writing process, which is conducting in-depth research.,

Conducting In-Depth Research

Conducting in-depth research is a crucial step in writing a synthesis paper as it lays the foundation for the entire writing process. It involves gathering relevant and credible sources, thoroughly understanding the material, and identifying the key concepts and arguments presented. By immersing yourself in the research phase, you will be equipped with the necessary knowledge and understanding to effectively organize your ideas and create a cohesive synthesis paper that resonates with your readers.

To begin conducting in-depth research, it is important to first identify your topic and determine the specific areas or aspects you want to explore. This will help you narrow down your search and find the most relevant sources. Utilize a wide range of resources, including books, scholarly articles, reputable websites, and even interviews or surveys, to gather a comprehensive understanding of the topic.

As you navigate through the sea of information, critically evaluate the sources you come across. Consider the expertise and credibility of the authors, the publication date, and the reliability of the sources themselves. By doing so, you can ensure that the information you include in your synthesis paper is accurate and trustworthy.

While conducting research, take notes and highlight the key points, arguments, and evidence presented in each source. This will help you keep track of the information and easily refer back to it later when organizing your ideas. Additionally, make note of any opposing viewpoints or gaps in the literature, as addressing these in your synthesis paper can strengthen your argument and provide a more well-rounded perspective.

To enhance your understanding of the material, go beyond surface-level comprehension and strive to grasp the underlying themes, connections, and implications presented in the sources. Look for patterns, similarities, and differences among the various viewpoints and arguments, as these will be the building blocks of your synthesis paper.

By immersing yourself in thorough research, you will be able to gain a deep understanding of your topic and develop a strong foundation on which to build your synthesis paper. With this knowledge in hand, you can now move on to organizing your ideas effectively, ensuring that your paper flows smoothly and engages your readers from start to finish.,

Organizing Your Ideas Effectively

To truly capture the essence of your synthesis paper, it is essential to organize your ideas effectively. After immersing yourself in thorough research, gaining a deep understanding of your topic, and establishing a strong foundation, it’s time to structure your thoughts in a way that flows smoothly and engages your readers.

Start by identifying the key themes and arguments from your sources. Look for patterns, similarities, and differences among the various viewpoints. By organizing these elements, you can create a logical flow that guides your readers through your paper.

Consider creating an outline to map out the structure of your synthesis paper. Begin with a strong introduction that sets the stage for your topic and captures your readers’ attention. Then, arrange your main points in a coherent order that supports your thesis statement. Each paragraph should be dedicated to a specific idea or argument, and transitions between paragraphs should be seamless, guiding your readers smoothly from one point to the next.

Within each paragraph, use topic sentences to clearly introduce your main ideas. These topic sentences serve as signposts for your readers, highlighting the focus and purpose of each paragraph. Connect these ideas with supporting evidence from your sources, ensuring that your arguments are well-supported and persuasive.

Remember to consider the balance between your own voice and the voices of your sources. Aim for a synthesis that blends your own analysis and insights with relevant quotes and evidence from your research. This integration creates a cohesive narrative that showcases your understanding of the material while demonstrating your ability to critically evaluate multiple perspectives.

Ultimately, organizing your ideas effectively lays the groundwork for crafting a strong thesis statement. Through a thoughtful arrangement of your main points and arguments, you can guide your readers towards your central claim with finesse and conviction. So, let’s dive into the next section and explore how to craft a thesis statement that captures the essence of your synthesis.,

Crafting a Strong Thesis Statement

Organizing your ideas effectively lays the groundwork for crafting a strong thesis statement. Through a thoughtful arrangement of your main points and arguments, you can guide your readers towards your central claim with finesse and conviction. As we delve into the next section, we will explore how to craft a thesis statement that captures the essence of your synthesis, setting the stage for the five proven steps of writing a synthesis paper.,

Five Steps of Writing a synthesis Paper

Through a thoughtful arrangement of your main points and arguments, you can guide your readers towards your central claim with finesse and conviction. As we delve into the next section, we will explore how to craft a thesis statement that captures the essence of your synthesis, setting the stage for the five proven steps of writing a synthesis paper. These steps will provide you with a clear roadmap to effectively synthesize information from multiple sources and present it in a cohesive and compelling manner, ensuring that your readers can follow your thought process seamlessly. By following these steps, you will be able to not only convey your understanding of the topic but also showcase your ability to critically analyze various viewpoints and synthesize them into one coherent narrative. So, let’s dive into the five steps of writing a synthesis paper and unleash your expertise in crafting insightful and persuasive arguments.,

Writing Clear and Cohesive Paragraphs

Crafting clear and cohesive paragraphs is crucial when writing a synthesis paper. Your paragraphs serve as building blocks for your overall argument, allowing you to present your ideas in a logical and organized manner. By following a few key principles, you can ensure that your paragraphs flow smoothly and effectively communicate your message to your readers.

Firstly, it’s important to start each paragraph with a clear topic sentence that succinctly introduces the main point you will discuss. This topic sentence acts as a guide for both you and your readers, setting the stage for the information that follows. It should be concise, yet informative, giving your readers a preview of what they can expect to learn in the upcoming paragraph.

Once you have established your topic sentence, it’s essential to provide evidence and examples that support your main point. This evidence can come from your synthesis of multiple sources, showcasing your ability to analyze various perspectives and integrate them seamlessly. Be sure to use credible sources and cite them appropriately to bolster the credibility of your argument.

Furthermore, as you develop your paragraphs, it’s crucial to maintain coherence and cohesion throughout. This can be achieved by using transitional words and phrases to smoothly connect your ideas. Words like “furthermore,” “in addition,” and “similarly” can help bridge different concepts, enabling a seamless flow of information. Additionally, using pronouns and referencing previously mentioned ideas can reinforce the connections between paragraphs, creating a sense of continuity.

In terms of paragraph length, aim for a balance between brevity and depth. While overly long paragraphs can become unwieldy and difficult to follow, excessively short paragraphs can lack the necessary substance to fully develop your ideas. As a general rule, try to limit paragraphs to around four to six sentences, ensuring that each paragraph focuses on a single main point.

Finally, don’t forget to wrap up your paragraphs effectively. Consider including a concluding sentence that summarizes the main idea and provides a smooth transition to the next paragraph. This helps create a cohesive narrative, allowing your readers to easily follow your thought process and understand the progression of your argument.

By writing clear and cohesive paragraphs, you can effectively convey your understanding of the topic and present your synthesis in a compelling manner. This attention to paragraph structure and organization not only enhances the readability of your paper but also showcases your ability to critically analyze information and construct persuasive arguments. So, with these principles in mind, let’s continue our exploration of the five steps of writing a synthesis paper, further honing your skills in crafting insightful and persuasive content.,

In conclusion, writing a synthesis paper may seem like a daunting task, but with these five proven steps, you can approach it with confidence and ease. By understanding the synthesis paper format, conducting thorough research, organizing your ideas effectively, crafting a strong thesis statement, and following the step-by-step process, you will be well-prepared to tackle any synthesis paper that comes your way.

Remember, the key to success lies in writing clear and cohesive paragraphs that seamlessly bring together different sources and ideas. This will not only impress your readers but also provide a comprehensive and insightful analysis.

So, don’t let the writing process intimidate you any longer. Start unlocking your synthesis paper writing potential today and watch as your academic success soars to new heights. As the saying goes, “The only limit to our realization of tomorrow will be our doubts of today.” Embrace the challenge, trust in your abilities, and let your newfound synthesis paper skills take center stage.

Now, armed with the knowledge and strategies outlined in this article, it’s time to put pen to paper (or fingers to keyboard) and let your ideas flow. Remember, your synthesis paper has the power to inform, persuade, and inspire change. So, use your voice, make your mark, and leave a lasting impression.

In the words of Albert Einstein, “The only source of knowledge is experience.” So go forth, gain experience, and let your synthesis paper be a testament to your growth, intelligence, and passion. Good luck on your writing journey, and may your synthesis papers shine brightly among the sea of academic excellence.

Concluding Thoughts on Writing a Synthesis Paper

Synthesis essays require a thoughtful analysis of multiple sources and the ability to synthesize their ideas into a cohesive argument or narrative. It is in the conclusion that we bring together all the threads of our analysis and present a final statement that encapsulates the main points discussed.

Effective writing

in a synthesis essay involves crafting a strong thesis statement that acknowledges alternative points of view while demonstrating an understanding of the complexity of the topic. This thesis statement sets the tone for the entire essay and guides the reader through the writer’s analysis.

Organizing ideas effectively is another vital aspect of synthesis writing. Whether using a point-by-point, source-by-source, or blended approach, the goal is to present a well-structured essay that showcases the writer’s ability to connect different sources and their perspectives.

In conclusion , writing a synthesis paper allows us to delve into multiple perspectives and gain a deeper understanding of complex topics. By employing the right strategies and examples, anyone can master the art of synthesis writing and effectively convey their ideas to readers. The journey of writing a synthesis paper may be challenging, but it is a rewarding process that enables us to engage with diverse viewpoints and contribute to the academic discourse.

What is a synthesis paper?

A synthesis paper is a written discussion that incorporates support from multiple sources to examine a variety of viewpoints related to a thesis.

What types of assignments require synthesis?

Synthesis is used in various types of assignments such as analysis papers, research papers, argument papers, and business reports.

What are the tips for writing an effective synthesis essay?

Tips for writing an effective synthesis essay include establishing a clear purpose, selecting and evaluating sources, developing an organizational plan, and documenting sources to avoid plagiarism.

What are the strategies for organizing a synthesis paper?

How should i analyze the position of each source.

Use different verbs to analyze the position of each source depending on its argumentative, research-focused, or emphasis-driven nature.

What tense should I use in a synthesis paper?

The tense to use in a synthesis paper depends on the citation style, with MLA using present tense and APA using past tense.

What is the purpose of a synthesis essay?

A synthesis essay brings multiple sources into conversation with each other, requiring the writer to identify the connections between ideas and points of view.

What are the pre-writing techniques for a synthesis essay?

Pre-writing techniques for a synthesis essay include identifying the debate or issue, determining points of agreement and disagreement among writers, and imagining a verbal discussion between writers.

How can I organize my thoughts for a synthesis essay?

Creating a grid of common points can help organize thoughts and identify categories for analysis.

What are the different ways to organize a synthesis essay?

Organizing a synthesis essay can be done in three ways: point by point, source by source, or blended.

How should I craft a thesis statement for a synthesis essay?

A synthesis essay thesis statement should be qualified to acknowledge alternative points of view and show an understanding of complexity.

What should be included in the introduction of a synthesis essay?

The introductory paragraph of a synthesis essay should state a strong position on the topic, briefly summarize the writer’s main points, and introduce the sources being analyzed.

What is the importance of analysis in a synthesis essay?

Synthesis essays require a careful analysis of multiple sources and the ability to synthesize their ideas into a coherent argument or narrative.

How should I conclude a synthesis essay?

The conclusion of a synthesis essay should summarize the main points discussed and emphasize the significance of the analysis.

What are the key elements of successful synthesis writing?

Crafting a strong thesis statement, organizing ideas effectively, and including sufficient evidence and analysis are key elements of successful synthesis writing.

How can writing a synthesis paper enhance understanding?

By understanding the process of synthesizing multiple sources, writers can create compelling and well-structured synthesis papers.

Why should I write a synthesis paper?

Writing a synthesis paper allows writers to engage with multiple perspectives and develop a deeper understanding of complex topics.

How can I master the art of writing a synthesis paper?

With the right strategies and examples, anyone can master the art of writing a synthesis paper and effectively convey their ideas to readers.

Source Links

• https://www.bgsu.edu/content/dam/BGSU/learning-commons/documents/writing/synthesis/planning-synthesis-essay.pdf
• https://writingcenterofprinceton.com/synthesis-essays-a-step-by-step-how-to-guide/
• https://www.lsu.edu/hss/english/files/university_writing_files/item35404.pdf

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Synthesis Essay | Definition, Structure & Examples

Laura Lohman has taught university arts and humanities courses for over 10 years. She has a PhD in the history of music (University of Pennsylvania), MS in Human Resources and Organization Development (the University of Louisville), and BM in music performance (Indiana University). She holds senior human resources, affirmative action, and project management certifications.

• Instructor Frances Smith

What are some examples of synthesis writing?

Examples of synthesis writing are:

• An explanatory synthesis essay, in which the writer presents factual information to help the reader understand a subject.
• In an expository synthesis essay, the writer expounds on the main idea clearly and concisely, often in an exam or timed writing setting.
• An argumentative synthesis essay is usually a longer essay that requires significant research and pre-writing.

What is the main point of a synthesis essay?

The main point of a synthesis essay is the thesis statement , or thesis. This is the writer's main assertion or claim. It is stated in the introduction of the essay.

Is a synthesis essay argumentative?

By definition, in an argumentative synthesis essay , a writer argues or persuades a reader of a main claim or thesis statement by using information gained through research. A synthesis essay can be argumentative, but not all of them are argumentative.

How to write a good introduction for a synthesis essay?

A good introduction for a synthesis essay often begins with a statement with broad background information about the topic. Then it narrows to articulate the writer's main point about the topic or thesis.

How to you write a synthesis essay?

Key steps in writing an argumentative synthesis essay are:

• understanding the prompt or instructions
• thinking about the topic
• prewriting such as brainstorming
• drafting a thesis statement
• reading and synthesizing sources
• refining the thesis statement
• drafting the essay
• revising the essay

When writing a timed expository essay, key steps are understanding the prompt or instructions, rewriting (such as brainstorming), composing a brief outline, and writing the essay while managing time.

Table of Contents

What is a synthesis essay, synthesis essay structure, how to write a synthesis essay, synthesis essay example, lesson summary.

A synthesis essay combines information from multiple sources to support the writer's target assertion about the topic of the essay. Synthesis essays can vary in length and coverage. However, the steps in writing a synthesis essay are similar regardless of the essay's subject or its length.

Types of Synthesis Essays

There are several different types of synthesis essays. Common types of synthesis papers include explanatory synthesis essays, expository synthesis essays, and argumentative synthesis essays.

• In an explanatory synthesis essay , the writer elaborates on a subject using comprehensive, factual, and objective information. The purpose of the explanatory essay is to help the reader gain a comprehensive understanding of the subject. For this reason, an explanatory synthesis essay does not include personal opinions or offer an argument.
• An expository synthesis essay is commonly written in an exam setting. In an expository synthesis essay , the writer expounds on the main idea clearly and concisely. Writers can do this by using comparison, contrast, examples, and analyzing cause and effect relationships as appropriate to the topic or prompt . This type of essay is often written in 5 paragraphs: one introductory paragraph , three body paragraphs, and one conclusion paragraph.
• An argumentative synthesis essay is usually a longer essay that requires significant research and pre-writing. The writer must investigate a topic through research by gathering and evaluating evidence from various sources before writing. The writer then uses this evidence carefully to support the main claim of the essay.

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• 0:00 What Is a Synthesis Essay?
• 0:28 Synthesizing Sources
• 3:05 Composing a Final Thesis
• 3:40 Formatting the Essay
• 4:21 Talking With the Texts
• 6:00 Lesson Summary

Synthesis essays follow a predictable structure: Introduction, Body, and Conclusion.

In the introduction , the writer gives an overview of the topic and presents the thesis or proposed claim of the essay. The introduction may briefly describe the types of sources that will be used to support the thesis, which is in the body of the essay. Brief background information on the topic may also be included. In a concise expository essay , this is often accomplished in one paragraph that begins with broad background information and then narrows to articulate the writer's main point about the topic.

In the body , the writer synthesizes information from various sources to support the thesis statement. The body uses well-organized paragraphs that have clear topic sentences. In-text citations in the paragraphs show the reader where the essay writer has incorporated ideas and information from sources.

In the conclusion , the writer restates the thesis or readdresses the thesis from a new perspective after addressing the evidence offered in the body. The conclusion may summarize the argument offered in the body and state why it is important.

Pre-writing

Before beginning, a writer must understand the prompt or instructions for writing a synthesis essay. The writer takes some time to think about the selected topic and review how the instructions will impact the essay.

With prewriting , such as brainstorming ideas about the topic, a writer can quickly generate many possible approaches for a thesis statement in response to the prompt. The thesis or thesis statement is one sentence that states the writer's main claim or assertion about the topic.

Next, the writer will draft a tentative thesis statement to help focus their efforts to find relevant sources for the essay.

Synthesizing Sources

It is essential to choose sources that contain information relevant to the topic of the essay. Experienced writers recognize that not all the sources that address the topic will contain information supporting the draft thesis statement. Close reading will help determine which sources support the thesis. It involves reading, highlighting, taking notes on, and annotating passages from sources. These steps help a writer identify the main points or claims each author is making while reading.

Next, by evaluating sources , the writer clarifies which sources best support the thesis of the essay. Some sources may support the thesis, while others may contradict the same. Evaluating all these sources can clarify whether or not the writer's draft thesis statement was valid.

When writing paragraphs in the body of the essay, writers may use a three-step technique to incorporate ideas from sources. First, the writer introduces the source and its assertion. Second, the writer explains how the source's assertion supports the thesis statement of the essay. Third, the writer interprets the source for the reader. This three-step process is sometimes called ''talking with the texts.''

Another effective approach is to combine or synthesize information from more than one source to support each main point. For example, when researching an essay about a famous filmmaker, a writer might notice that several sources discuss the filmmaker's education and influences. By combining information from these sources, the writer can assert which formative influences were important for shaping the filmmakers' later work. By synthesizing information from other sources that discuss the filmmaker's well-known films, the writer can convincingly assert which aspects of these films made them so successful. By synthesizing information from other sources that discuss the filmmaker's legacy, the writer can show the filmmaker's importance in the larger film industry.

Composing a Thesis

A thesis , or thesis statement, is one sentence that states the writer's main claim or assertion about the topic. After close reading and evaluating sources, a writer may find that their original, draft thesis statement is well supported by sources. Other times, a writer may realize that few sources support the draft thesis. When this happens, the writer should revise the thesis statement to make an assertion that is supported by sources.

Formatting the Synthesis Essay

Careful formatting of information will help create an effective essay. Several effective approaches can be used in longer argumentative essays. One approach is to arrange the evidence in a way that the most persuasive evidence comes later in the body. This will keep the most convincing evidence in the reader's mind after the essay. Another common approach is to define a problem early in the essay and then address one or more possible solutions in the body.

In an argumentative essay, the format is also important while addressing multiple points of view on the topic. Portions of one or more paragraphs may discuss a perspective that differs from the writer's perspective or thesis. Rather than simply contrasting two opposing views, an effective essay will explain why one view is less credible than another.

Other approaches may be effective in an explanatory or expository essay. In an explanatory essay, one approach is to craft the body in sections, where each section discusses one item or aspect of the topic. One approach in expository essays is to use comparison and contrast to highlight relationships between concepts. Another approach is to summarize individual sources and articulate how they are similar and different.

The way to format citations for the sources used in the essay will depend on the instructions. In some subjects such as English, the Modern Language Association (MLA) style is used to format the Works Cited section and in-text citations for sources used. In other subjects, the American Psychological Association (APA) style is used to format the list of References and in-text citations for sources used. These style guides also include directions for formatting papers' margins, line spacing, titles, section headings, and page numbers.

Imagine an essay that addresses the question - Does social media make people less social? This type of question requires the writer to take a position and support it with evidence. If a writer already has some knowledge of the topic, they can address it without research, as in an expository essay written during an exam or a timed writing exercise. For example, the writer could support their position by drawing on personal experience and observation of others using social media.

This question could also be addressed in an argumentative essay. This type of essay would be written by gathering sources that provide data about how social media impacts people's behavior. In this case, the writer would locate relevant information in several published sources to support a thesis. That thesis could be "Social media makes people less social by decreasing their involvement in in-person social activities that build sound relationships." Alternatively, the writer might assert in the thesis that "Despite common criticisms, social media makes people more social by giving them more ways to socialize." Sources of information to support the thesis might be newspapers, journals, books, and quality websites. The body of the essay would discuss evidence supporting the writer's thesis or main claim about how social media relates to people's social behavior.

An explanatory essay would not take a position on social media usage or its effects. Instead, it might answer a question like What is social media? or What can people do with social media? This essay would explain social media so a reader who is not familiar with social media can understand this topic.

A synthesis essay combines information from multiple sources to support the writer's main assertion about the topic of the essay. In an explanatory synthesis essay , the writer elaborates on a subject using factual information to help the reader understand the subject. In an expository synthesis essay , the writer expounds on the main idea clearly and concisely, often in an exam or timed writing setting. An argumentative synthesis essay is usually a longer essay that requires significant research and pre-writing. The writer must investigate a topic through research by gathering and evaluating evidence from various sources before writing.

Synthesis essays include an introduction, body, and conclusion. In the introduction , the writer gives an overview of the topic and presents the thesis or main claim of the essay. In the body, one effective approach is to combine or synthesize information from more than one source to support each main point. When writing the body, writers may use a three-step technique to incorporate ideas from sources. These steps are introducing the source and its assertion, explaining how the source's assertion supports the writer's thesis statement, and interpreting it for the reader. This three-step process is sometimes called ''talking with the texts.'' In the conclusion , the writer restates or readdresses the thesis from a new perspective.

Video Transcript

What is a synthesis essay.

A synthesis essay is a written work that takes a unique viewpoint about a central idea, theme, or topic, and backs it up with a combination of multiple sources. The process has four major components:

• Synthesizing sources
• Composing a thesis or claim
• Formatting the essay
• Talking with the texts

Let's examine each of these four components in further detail.

Before actually writing a synthesis essay, one must follow the pre-writing steps:

• Understanding the prompt
• Drafting a tentative thesis
• Choosing sources
• Close reading
• Evaluating sources

Understanding the prompt means thinking about the selected topic, then following the instructions accordingly to support your ideas. An example prompt might be: 'Argue in favor of a particular passion that will help manage the challenges of high school.'

Next, you'll begin drafting a tentative thesis , which is a first draft of your claim for the prompt. This statement is the first idea you have regarding the topic, to jumpstart your research. After you choose resources, this thesis may be changed or adjusted to reflect your sources' ideas. Following the example prompt, you might choose chocolate as your passion, and state your claim as: 'Chocolate has a tranquilizing effect; it calms me and helps me to focus on homework, and perform better on exams.'

After you've drafted your thesis, you'll begin the process of choosing sources . This is the preliminary research you do to find sources that you believe will support the viewpoint written in the tentative thesis. You may find six or seven sources, but only a few of them will help your claim. During your research, you discover six sources in various formats (essays, cartoon, article, graphic) that discuss chocolate as a way to relieve stress.

Once you have gathered these sources, close reading (which includes the process of annotating, highlighting, or note taking), will help you summarize their main ideas, and connect them to your claim.

Finally, evaluating sources means that you will use the main ideas from the close reading to justify using a source for your claim. The sources you decide on will eventually help construct your own (new) idea for the prompt.

Let's look back to our example about chocolate. Of the six sources you gathered, you determine that Sources 2, 4, and 5 agree with your idea that eating chocolate makes it easier for you to function in high school:

Source 2: Cartoon shows a dreamy-eyed student with disheveled hair, sitting in front of a pile of homework, with chocolate smeared on his hands and face. The caption reads 'A total chocolate relaxation.'

Source 4: Discusses the effect of chocolate on calming the brain and relaxing the heart.

Source 5: Graphic story illustrates an argument between chocolate lovers and chocolate haters who are high school students.

These sources might also offer objections against your claim as well. Why is this important? Since a synthesis is an argument, answering the objections gives the reader a fair and unbiased view of your position, making it more credible.

Composing a Final Thesis

After the pre-writing stages are completed, you are ready to write a final thesis, by aligning the information, main ideas, and interpretations of your sources with the first thesis you drafted during the pre-writing process. The thesis contains a one-sentence claim that asserts what, how, and why you will write about the topic.

Thus, you write your final thesis as: 'Chocolate and high school may seem like a strange combination, but eating it has benefits for those students who are overworked and overwhelmed.'

You're satisfied you can argue your idea, so you are ready to write the essay.

Formatting the Essay

A synthesis essay has an introduction, body, and conclusion. However, each of these parts is written in a distinct way:

The introduction provides an overview of the topic, thesis, and sources, with some background information for the texts to be summarized.

The body includes a topic sentence, information from more than one source, with in-text citations; it compares and contrasts sources in an objective (two-sided) interpretation, and informs the reader why the source argues a thesis.

The conclusion connects the ideas from the sources to your thesis, and describes how each supports your viewpoint. The conclusion also rewords your claim so it is clear you are offering a different perspective on the topic.

Talking with the Texts

Each teacher might have a different way of explaining how a synthesis essay is constructed. Some teachers use the phrase 'talking with the text' to describe what a writer does when formatting this essay.

Step-by-step, the writer writes in the following way:

This 'back-and-forth' between the source, the writer, and interpretation is the unique design of a synthesis essay as well as the objective for synthesis essay writing.

See this process in action with this passage:

'A Detroit News article introduces us to seventeen-year old John Prueter, who last year began experiencing panic attacks every day during his trigonometry class.' Notice how we start by introducing our source, so it is clear where the information is coming from.

'Prueter had been under a lot of stress, he said, because he was struggling with the course, and was afraid he was going to receive a failing grade. But then one day he had missed lunch, and started to get hungry during his trig class. He found a candy bar in his backpack, and after eating it, marveled at the fact that his stress levels seemed to drop. He suddenly felt more relaxed and able to focus on what the teacher was saying.'

Here we have evidence from that news article that supports our argument that chocolate helps overwhelmed high school students. Prueter's experience demonstrates that one of the benefits of chocolate, aside from its great taste, is that it has the magical effect of reducing stress levels and improving concentration.

Notice that we end with a concluding sentence that ensures evidence will be interpreted the way we want it to be interpreted.

Writing a synthesis essay has four components: synthesizing sources, composing a thesis or claim, formatting the essay and talking with the texts. The first component involves thinking about the prompt, and choosing and evaluating sources. The second component has to do with asserting a particular claim about the prompt, and backing it up with selected sources that support it. The third component is constructing the essay in a distinct format, using an introduction, body and conclusion. And through talking with the texts, a successful synthesis essay will combine several different sources and viewpoints to create a writer's own unique perspective.

The Four Components of Writing a Synthesis Essay

Learning Outcome

After you've finished this lesson, you should be able to list and describe the components of writing a synthesis essay.

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Synthesis Essays: A Step-by-Step How-To Guide

A synthesis essay is generally a short essay which brings two or more sources (or perspectives) into conversation with each other.

The word “synthesis” confuses every student a little bit. Fortunately, this step-by-step how-to guide will see you through to success!

Here’s a step-by-step how-to guide, with examples, that will help you write yours.

Before drafting your essay:

After reading the sources and before writing your essay, ask yourself these questions:

• What is the debate or issue that concerns all of the writers? In other words, what is the question they are trying to answer?
• On what points do they agree?
• On what points do they disagree?
• If they were having a verbal discussion, how would writer number one respond to the arguments of writer number two?

In a way, writing a synthesis essay is similar to composing a summary. But a synthesis essay requires you to read more than one source and to identify the way the writers’ ideas and points of view are related.

Sometimes several sources will reach the same conclusion even though each source approaches the subject from a different point of view.

Other times, sources will discuss the same aspects of the problem/issue/debate but will reach different conclusions.

And sometimes, sources will simply repeat ideas you have read in other sources; however, this is unlikely in a high school or AP situation.

To better organize your thoughts about what you’ve read, do this:

• Identify each writer’s thesis/claim/main idea
• List the writers supporting ideas (think topic sentences or substantiating ideas)
• List the types of support used by the writers that seem important. For example, if the writer uses a lot of statistics to support a claim, note this. If a writer uses historical facts, note this.

There’s one more thing to do before writing: You need to articulate for yourself the relationships and connections among these ideas.

Sometimes the relationships are easy to find. For example, after reading several articles about censorship in newspapers, you may notice that most of the writers refer to or in some way use the First Amendment to help support their arguments and help persuade readers. In this case, you would want to describe the different ways the writers use the First Amendment in their arguments. To do this, ask yourself, “How does this writer exploit the value of the First Amendment/use the First Amendment to help persuade or manipulate the readers into thinking that she is right?

Sometimes articulating the relationships between ideas is not as easy. If you have trouble articulating clear relationships among the shared ideas you have noted, ask yourself these questions:

• Do the ideas of one writer support the ideas of another? If so, how?
• Do the writers who reach the same conclusion use the same ideas in their writing? If not, is there a different persuasive value to the ideas used by one writer than by the other?
• Do the writers who disagree discuss similar points or did they approach the subject from a completely different angle and therefore use different points and different kinds of evidence to support their arguments?
• Review your list of ideas. Are any of the ideas you have listed actually the same idea, just written in different words?

Mar 23, 2023

Synthesis Essay Examples | Tips to Write a Winning Synthesis Essay

Are you tired of sifting through countless articles on how to write a synthesis essay? Look no further! Our comprehensive guide will help you master the art of synthesis writing!

One of the more interesting assignments you could get is writing a synthesis essay. College and university students write these papers to show that they can conduct extensive research, analyze complex ideas, and present an argument's essential building blocks.

The ideal synthesis paper will synthesize the information from multiple sources and advocate for a unique central thesis. Finding the synthesis statement will allow you to integrate it with other theses, leading to a more well-organized synthesis essay. 

Jenni.ai is an AI-powered application that can assist you in writing a synthesis essay if you've ever pondered how to do so. In just a few minutes, this artificial intelligence can compose a full thesis. In other words, if you want your essay to look and read just like it was written by a person, this is the service to use.

What is a Synthesis Essay?

A synthesis essay is a type of academic writing that requires the student to combine different ideas, arguments, or information from various sources into a coherent and well-supported essay.

The goal of a synthesis essay is to demonstrate the writer's ability to critically analyze and evaluate a variety of sources , draw connections between them, and present a well-reasoned argument that supports a particular thesis statement.

The sources used in a synthesis essay can come from a variety of places, including academic journals, books, newspapers, magazines, and websites. The writer must analyze each source carefully and determine how it relates to the topic at hand. They must also evaluate the credibility of each source and decide which ones are most relevant and useful for their argument.

To write a successful synthesis essay, the writer must follow a specific format. The essay should have an introduction that includes a clear thesis statement that outlines the main argument of the essay. 

The body paragraphs should each focus on a different aspect of the argument, using evidence and examples from the sources to support the writer's claims. The essay should also include a counterargument that addresses potential criticisms of the writer's position.

One of the most challenging aspects of writing a synthesis essay is organizing the information from the sources into a coherent argument. The writer must determine which sources are most relevant and useful for their argument and then decide how to incorporate them into the essay. They must also be able to synthesize the information from the sources in a way that is clear and easy to follow.

Another challenge of writing a synthesis essay is avoiding plagiarism. Because the writer is using information and ideas from other sources, they must be careful to give credit to the original authors. 

They must also be careful not to copy and paste information directly from the sources without proper citation. Writing a successful synthesis essay requires critical thinking, careful organization of information, and proper citation to avoid plagiarism.

Different Types of Synthesis Essay

There are generally two types of synthesis essays: explanatory synthesis essays and argumentative synthesis essays.

Explanatory Synthesis Essays: 

This type of essay aims to explain a topic or issue to the reader. The writer collects information from different sources and presents it in a clear and organized way, highlighting the key points and explaining how they relate to the topic. The goal is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter, without taking a particular stance or arguing a specific point of view.

Argumentative Synthesis Essays: 

This type of essay aims to persuade the reader to adopt a specific point of view or take a particular action. The writer collects information from different sources and uses it to build a case for their argument. The goal is to present a well-supported argument that convinces the reader to agree with the writer's position.

Both types of synthesis essays require the writer to critically analyze and evaluate different sources, draw connections between them, and present a well-reasoned argument. However, the key difference between the two types is the writer's goal: to explain in the explanatory synthesis essay and to persuade in the argumentative synthesis essay.

Things to Consider When Writing a Synthesis Essay

A successful synthesis essay should contain several key elements that work together to create a well-supported argument. Here are some of the most important elements that a writer should include in their synthesis essay:

A Clear Thesis Statement: The thesis statement is the central argument of the essay. It should be clear, concise, and specific, outlining the main point that the writer is trying to make.

Well-Organized Paragraphs: The body paragraphs of the essay should be well-organized and easy to follow. Each paragraph should focus on a single idea or point, and the information presented should be relevant to the thesis statement.

Evidence from Sources: The writer should use evidence from a variety of sources to support their argument. They should be careful to use only credible sources and to properly cite all of their sources using the appropriate citation style.

Analysis and Interpretation: The writer should not simply summarize the sources they are using. They should also analyze and interpret the information presented , highlighting key points and drawing connections between different sources.

Counterarguments: The writer should acknowledge potential counterarguments to their position and address them in their essay. This shows that the writer has considered multiple perspectives and is able to make a strong case for their position.

Transition Words and Phrases: The writer should use transition words and phrases to help the reader follow the logical flow of their argument. These words and phrases help to connect different ideas and make the essay easier to read and understand.

Conclusion: The conclusion should summarize the main points of the essay and restate the thesis statement in a new way. It should also provide a final thought or call to action that leaves a lasting impression on the reader.

A successful synthesis essay should have a clear thesis statement, well-organized paragraphs, evidence from sources, analysis and interpretation of the information presented, acknowledgement of counterarguments, use of transition words and phrases, and a conclusion that summarizes the main points and provides a final thought or call to action.

By including these elements in their essay, the writer can create a well-supported argument that is easy to follow and understand.

How Can You Write a Synthesis Essay?

Writing a synthesis essay requires careful planning, research, and organization. Here are the steps to follow when writing a synthesis essay:

Choose a Topic: The first step is to choose a topic for the essay. This topic should be broad enough to allow for multiple perspectives and sources, but specific enough to be manageable. Once the topic has been chosen, the writer should develop a clear thesis statement that outlines the main argument of the essay.

Conduct Research: The next step is to conduct research on the topic. This research should include a variety of sources, such as academic journals, books, newspapers, magazines, and websites. The writer should be sure to evaluate the credibility of each source and determine which ones are most relevant and useful for their argument.

Create an Outline: With the research in hand, the writer should create an outline for the essay. This outline should include the thesis statement, main points, and evidence from sources that support each point. The writer should also consider potential counterarguments and how to address them in the essay.

Write the Essay: Using the outline as a guide, the writer should begin writing the essay. Each paragraph should focus on a single idea or point, with evidence from sources to support the argument. The writer should be sure to properly cite all sources using the appropriate citation style.

Revise and Edit: Once the first draft of the essay is complete, the writer should revise and edit it carefully. This includes checking for spelling and grammar errors, as well as ensuring that the essay flows logically and is easy to follow. The writer should also consider the feedback of others, such as peers or professors, and make any necessary revisions based on that feedback.

Finalize the Essay: After revising and editing the essay, the writer should finalize it by formatting it according to the appropriate guidelines and double-checking all citations and references.

In conclusion, writing a synthesis essay requires careful planning, research, and organization. By following these steps, the writer can create a well-supported argument that is easy to follow and understand.

Tips for Writing A Synthesis Essay

Here are some tips you can use when writing a synthesis essay:

Draft freely: When drafting the essay itself, try not to be too judgmental of your work too early on. You can get your thoughts down on paper this way, and then edit your writing later.

Read thoroughly: Interpreting texts and drawing new conclusions from what you've read is the backbone of a synthesis essay. You can improve the clarity of your writing by reading extensively, taking notes, and looking up any words or ideas you don't understand.

Take a printout:  If you want to double-check the structure of your essay before turning it in, printing it out is a good idea. You could verify consistency in formatting by comparing it to a template or sample.

Read it aloud: If you read your essay aloud to yourself, you can pick up on any sections that are confusing or need to be revised. You should think about doing this in order to catch any stray language or spelling errors.

What is the Structure of a Synthesis Essay?

The structure of a synthesis essay is similar to that of any other essay. It includes an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. However, there are some specific elements that are unique to a synthesis essay.

Introduction: The introduction should provide background information on the topic and end with a clear thesis statement that outlines the main argument of the essay.

Body paragraphs: The body paragraphs should be organized around different aspects of the argument, with each paragraph focusing on a single idea or point. Each paragraph should include evidence from sources to support the argument and include a proper citation. It is important to smoothly transition between paragraphs and to address potential counterarguments.

Synthesis: The synthesis part of the essay is where the writer brings together information from different sources to support their argument. This means summarizing and analyzing the information from different sources and showing how they support the thesis statement.

Conclusion: The conclusion should summarize the argument and restate the thesis statement in a way that brings the essay to a satisfying close. It should not introduce any new information, but rather, provide a final perspective on the topic.

Bibliography: Include a source list at the conclusion of your paper to correctly credit your research materials, whether you're using the APA, MLA, AP, or Chicago Manual of Style guidelines. This section, which includes a summary of in-text citations, can occupy up to two pages of your work.

Overall, a synthesis essay should have a clear and logical structure that effectively presents the writer's argument and supports it with evidence from multiple sources.

2 Examples of Synthesis Essays

Never forget who you are and what is essential for you

Introduction

The idea of "never forget who you are and what is essential for you" is a powerful reminder to stay true to oneself, to one's values, and to one's goals in life. It is easy to lose track of what is important when we are bombarded with distractions, societal expectations, and peer pressure.

However, staying focused on what truly matters can help us navigate life's challenges and find fulfillment and happiness. In this essay, I will synthesize the importance of knowing oneself and what is essential in life.

Knowing Yourself

The first step in never forgetting who you are is to know yourself. This means understanding your values, beliefs, strengths, weaknesses, and passions. Self-awareness is crucial in personal growth and development. When we know ourselves, we can make better decisions, set realistic goals, and communicate effectively with others.

It is essential to take time to reflect on our thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. This can be done through journaling, meditation, or therapy. By knowing ourselves, we can avoid getting lost in the noise of the world and stay grounded in our truth.

What is Essential?

Knowing what is essential in life is subjective and varies from person to person. However, there are a few universal essentials that can guide us in our journey. These include health, relationships, purpose, and personal growth. Our physical and mental well-being is vital for us to function at our best.

Building and maintaining positive relationships with our family, friends, and community can bring joy and support to our lives. Having a sense of purpose, whether it is through work, hobbies, or volunteering, gives us a reason to wake up in the morning. Finally, personal growth and learning are essential for us to evolve as individuals and reach our potential.

Staying True to Yourself

Staying true to oneself requires a strong sense of self-awareness, confidence, and courage. It means not compromising one's values or beliefs to please others or fit in with societal norms. It is easy to get caught up in the pressure of conforming to what is expected of us.

However, staying true to oneself is the key to authenticity and happiness. It is important to trust one's intuition, voice, and choices. It may not always be easy, but it is necessary to honor oneself and live a fulfilling life.

Challenges in Staying True

Staying true to oneself is not always easy, and there are various challenges that can arise. Peer pressure, societal expectations, and fear of rejection can make it challenging to stay true to oneself. It can be tempting to compromise one's beliefs to fit in or avoid conflict.

However, it is important to remember that staying true to oneself is the only way to live a fulfilling life. It may require courage, vulnerability, and resilience, but it is worth it in the end.

In conclusion, never forgetting who you are and what is essential for you is crucial for personal growth, fulfilment, and happiness. Knowing oneself, understanding what is essential, and staying true to oneself are the key ingredients to living an authentic life. 

It may not always be easy, but it is worth the effort. We all have the power to shape our lives and create the reality we want. By staying true to ourselves, we can navigate life's challenges and find purpose and meaning in our journey.

Bibliography

Csikszentmihalyi, Mihaly. Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience. Harper Collins, 1990.

Goleman, Daniel. Emotional Intelligence: Why it Can Matter More than IQ. Bantam Books, 1995.

Tolle, Eckhart. The Power of Now: A Guide to Spiritual Enlightenment. New World Library, 1999.

Pink, Daniel H. Drive: The Surprising Truth About Overthinking About Life Distracts You From It

As human beings, it is natural to contemplate our purpose and existence, but overthinking about life can be detrimental. Overthinking can lead to anxiety, stress, and a loss of focus on the present moment. Instead of living in the moment, we get caught up in hypothetical scenarios and worst-case scenarios that distract us from reality.

In this essay, we will explore how overthinking about life distracts us from living it and what we can do to break free from this cycle.

The Negative Effects of Overthinking

Overthinking can be paralyzing and can prevent us from taking action. It can cause us to doubt ourselves and our abilities, leading to inaction and missed opportunities. Additionally, overthinking can lead to anxiety, which can affect our physical health, sleep patterns, and overall well-being.

When we focus too much on what could happen or what we could have done differently, we lose sight of the present moment, which can lead to a lack of enjoyment and appreciation for life.

Overthinking and Decision-Making

Overthinking can also have a negative impact on decision-making. When we overthink, we can become indecisive and take longer to make decisions. We may also struggle to weigh the pros and cons effectively, leading to poor decision-making. This can lead to regret and dissatisfaction with the outcome, which can further fuel the cycle of overthinking.

Breaking Free from Overthinking

Breaking free from overthinking requires a conscious effort to focus on the present moment. Mindfulness techniques, such as meditation and deep breathing exercises, can help us become more aware of our thoughts and feelings. These techniques can help us observe our thoughts without judgment and bring us back to the present moment.

Another technique is to set aside a specific time each day to reflect on our thoughts and feelings. This can be done through journaling, talking to a friend or therapist, or simply taking a few minutes to reflect. By setting aside a specific time to reflect, we can avoid getting caught up in overthinking throughout the day.

Finally, it is important to take action and make decisions, even if they are not perfect. By taking action, we can break the cycle of overthinking and move forward. We can also learn from our mistakes and adjust our approach in the future.

In conclusion, overthinking life can distract us from living it. It can lead to anxiety, stress, and indecision, which can prevent us from taking action and enjoying life. By practising mindfulness techniques, setting aside time for reflection, and taking action, we can break free from the cycle of overthinking and live in the present moment.

Brach, T. (2003). Radical Acceptance: Embracing Your Life with the Heart of a Buddha. Random House.

Harris, S. (2014). 10% Happier: How I Tamed the Voice in My Head, Reduced Stress Without Losing My Edge, and Found Self-Help That Actually Works--A True Story. It Books.

Kross, E., & Ayduk, O. (2017). Self-Distancing: Theory, Research, and Current Directions. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 55, 81-136.

Segerstrom, S. C. (2018). Optimism and Resources: Effects on Each Other and on Health over Time. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 115(1), 107-126.

Singh, N. N., Lancioni, G. E., Winton, A. S. W., Karazsia, B. T., Myers, R. E., Latham, L. L., & Singh, J. (2007). Mindful Parenting Decreases Aggression, Noncompliance, and Parenting

Final Words

Of course, synthesis essays can be daunting because they are so different from the essays you've written before. This task may seem daunting at first, but with these pointers in mind, you should be able to take on the research, analysis, and writing necessary to earn a passing grade.

However, if you find yourself stuck and in need of assistance with your synthesis essay, you can use Jenni.ai to quickly and convincingly compose an essay on any subject in the style of a human writer. This AI-powered tool can help you quickly craft a thesis statement on any given subject. If you're a student who often finds yourself stuck when trying to complete writing assignments, Jenni.ai can be a lifesaver.

Try Jenni for free today

Create your first piece of content with Jenni today and never look back

How to Write an Outline for Synthesis Essay, Step by Step

You want to know how to build an outline for synthesis essay. Here’s how it works:

Outlining is the initial step to crafting a high-quality, A-worthy paper. If you miss this element, you risk losing focus and flow. More than that, you can’t generate an argumentative, logical, and close-knit essay without it.

This article won’t let it happen.

Keep reading to reveal actionable tips on outline writing. You’ll know what to include in each paragraph and how to structure it for better results.

Bonus for the most avid readers: A free PDF template for outlining synthesis essays.

What Is a Synthesis Essay Outline?

Think of it as a table of contents you’ll expand in your work. Outlines serve to organize essays and regulate their elements for a stellar presentation.

 Why design an outline for synthesis essays? 

• Systemize the sources and decide on the claims to use in every paragraph.
• Organize the claims and prescribe evidence for each.
• Focus on the writing process, preventing the writer’s block. (It’s when you stare at the screen and don’t know what to write next.)
• Ensure you’ve included all the info and introduced it logically.
• Structure a paper in advance to save time and write faster.

Whether you work on an AP lang essay or craft an expository essay in college, outlining is a must. It organizes arguments and evidence so you don’t forget anything while writing.

Before outlining

Synthesis essays are about analyzing several sources to establish an original thesis. So, before you sit and craft an outline, do research and decide on the sources you’ll synthesize.

• Focus on those related to your topic.
• Consider solid resources: latest studies, research papers, books , academic journals, etc.
• Analyze each to derive core points.

You’ll apply the resources to support your thesis throughout an essay. Ensure they have solid evidence so you can incorporate it into your paper. Decide on the facts, quotes, and examples to cover in every paragraph as proof of your claim.

How to Make an Outline for the Synthesis Essay

Below is the template you can try, with an introduction, body, and conclusion as main parts of the outline used for a synthesis essay (1).

Download a free PDF version here

And now, to the details to include in every paragraph.

1. State a Thesis

Synthesis essays aren’t about summarizing. You need to analyze at least three — and generate a new, your own thesis based on them. The synthesized sources will be the evidence to prove your thesis. They will support the arguments you’ll use in favor of your claim.

With that in mind, state a thesis for your essay in the outline.

Once you have it, you’ll know how to underline the arguments and evidence in paragraphs.

Check a thesis example on “Is the spread of fake news a problem?”

And that’s a thesis example for an essay on “The American Dream: Is it still achievable?”

With a ready thesis statement, you can deal with the outline for a synthesis essay.

2. S tructure an Introductory Paragraph

The must-have ingredients of an essay introduction are:

Think of a compelling sentence to start your essay. It’s a hook to grab the reader’s attention and motivate them to keep reading. Use a question, a quote, a fact, etc.

After that, introduce the context. It’s background information on your topic where you mention the sources you’ll use.

The final 1-2 sentences go to a thesis. State your position and provide the arguments that show why you have it. (You’ll expand those arguments in the essay body.)

3. Organize Body Paragraphs

The number of paragraphs in your essay body depends on how many sources you’ll synthesize. Formal tips for synthesis writing prescribe at least three resources, which means you’ll include three body paragraphs in your paper.

Each one needs the following info to cover:

• A topic sentence explaining your argument (Think of a new claim for each paragraph.)
• Evidence from the source that supports your topic sentence
• Elaboration that clarifies how that evidence supports your claim

If you have several sources supporting your argument, you can mention them all in a paragraph.

In a synthesis essay outline, note a claim and evidence for every paragraph.

4. Mention a Rebuttal

One paragraph of your synthesis essay should cover an opposing view that challenges your position. Outline it as follows:

• State an alternative point to your argument; provide evidence to back up that view.
• Provide your counterargument to that view. Why is it not as valid as yours? Highlight your position on the topic.
• Share evidence to prove the opposing point is wrong.

Write about the rebuttal in the fourth body paragraph. If you follow a standard 5-paragraph structure, use two sections for your claims and one — for a counterargument to your claims. The other two remain for an intro and a conclusion.

5. Write a Conclusion

Summarize the points and restate your thesis to maintain your position. Finish your essay with a recommendation or a call to action for readers.

This final statement is a so-called big idea behind your paper. Leave readers with the food for thought. You can encourage them to continue investigating the topic to learn more and build their own attitude.

Outline for a Synthesis Essay: Example

This sample is here to give you an idea of what to write in every section. Please don’t copy it for your papers. It’s a sample for informative purposes.

Let’s say you write a synthesis essay, “Is the spread of fake news a problem?” 

Here’s what the outline might be:

I used some writing tools to assist me with this outline creation. You can do the same, but ensure to adjust and polish the outline to your position and needs.

Synthesis Essay Outline: Write Yours!

Now you know the components to cover in your outline for a synthesis essay. It’s time to practice and write one for your future paper!

• Consider the provided template.
• Use the given sample for inspiration.
• Follow the structure and ensure to mention all the details.
• Organize your arguments and evidence; oppose a counterargument.
• Think of a memorable conclusion for readers.

Your outline is a plan. Once you have it, you’ll write an A-worthy synthesis essay faster, whether AP lang or general.

References:

• https://dcdc.coe.hawaii.edu/ltec/612/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Synthesis-Essay-Instructions-and-Worksheets.pdf  
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• Essay writing
• Writing tips

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How to Write a Synthesis Essay?

13 June, 2020

16 minutes read

Author:  Tomas White

We’ve all wondered how to write a synthesis essay. Synthesis papers are hard to write and offering general advice on them is even harder. However, we will give it a try! Thanks to our expertise and excellent understanding of the subject, you can learn how to write a synthesis essay in no time. So, let’s dive in!

An excellent synthesis essay is based on in-depth analysis of multiple sources. Often it is the sources that dictate the style and method of writing used to analyze, debate, and argue about the ideas in the source material.

What is a Synthesis Essay?

A synthesis essay is a discussion that is based on two or more sources that can come from various places (television, radio, adverts, lectures) but, frankly, it mostly centers on written pieces. Students can be often be assigned to write these types of essays in History class. Their teachers might ask them to analyze a few sources talking about a single issue and synthesize them.

What Does it Mean to Synthesize a Text?

The definition of synthesis is ‘the combination of components or elements to form a connected whole. So, to synthesize a text you have to combine information from a number of sources into a coherent paper.

Sure, dictionary talk on synthesis essay writing never makes much sense. So, to help you out here:

To synthesize your paper means to form a new perspective on an issue by placing extracts from sources next to each other.

One thing a lot of students have trouble with is understanding the difference between synthesizing a text and summarizing it . A summary of a synthesis essay reiterates the critical points of the text to provide an overview. Meanwhile, synthesis moves beyond this by contrasting the critical points of your knowledge on a subject to what other sources say about it.

Different Types of Synthesis Essays

There are mainly two types of synthesis essays – expository and argumentative.

An expository essay explains the issue in as much detail as possible. Expository synthesis essay can also be called research synthesis essay at times. As an excellent synthesis essay example, you can check out any literature review on issues related to the social sciences, such as sociology, linguistics, or psychology. Alternatively, look for synthesis essay examples in books on History.

An argumentative synthesis essay is one where you’re using the source material to prove your claim by citing credible conflicting theories, experiments where the theory was falsified, quotes or statistics. You’re not seeking to explain. You aim to understand how to persuade and write an argumentative essay that supports and proves your argument.

The Purpose of a Synthesis Essay

The purpose of a synthesis essay depends on the type of essay you’ve received, the question that was set and its subject.

Advanced high-grade essays must demonstrate these four things:

• Your understanding of the major issues presented in the synthesis essay.
• Your understanding of the smaller issues in the sources.
• Critical reading, analytical and evaluation skills.
• Your ability to develop an argument.

Basically, the purpose of writing a synthesis essay is to assess your ability to form and defend a viewpoint using source materials.

In general, the process of writing a synthesis essay consists of six steps:

• Analyzing the source.
• Choosing an interesting title.
• Building an outline.
• Crafting an introduction.
• Developing the main body paragraphs.
• Writing a conclusion.

So, if you are wondering how to write a good synthesis essay, we’ve got your back!

Now, let’s take a closer look at each one of these points.

Analyzing the Sources

If you have been assigned sources for your synthesis essay, start with reading them in-depth, drawing out how they connect and looking for common themes. Thus, if you are making a comparison on how money is presented in literature, look for what the texts are saying about society’s perceptions of wealth.

It goes without saying that you have to start with the sources. If there are two different perspectives in sociology, see what they have in common before you start working on a synthesis essay.

As you start to build a thread of interest, you can build up an argument or a thesis statement . It’s best to choose sources that encourage discussion.

And unless you lived under a rock you know that the best way to draw connections and threads together is by using some visual aid or tool. This can save you hours of work and take your synthesis essay to a new level.

Choosing an Interesting Title

Start with a working title based on the core issue you’re writing about. Don’t worry about the first draft of your synthesis essay. You’ll come back, clean it, and make it compelling later.

Besides, if you have been given a title, the taking out the keywords or the question can help you focus on the task too.

Nevertheless, bear in mind that the title has to be interesting. It should specify the problem and intrigue the audience. They need to want to keep reading your synthesis essay and to dig a little deeper into your exciting subject. In other words, grab their attention from the start and keep them on the hook!

Related Posts: Argumentative essay topics list

How to Write a Synthesis Essay Outline

Now, that you have studied the sources, understand the issue better and even have an interesting title for your paper, make sure you know how to create a perfect outline for your piece. It will keep you focused as you dive into the writing process and won’t let you lose your sight of the thesis.

As a rule, synthesis essay structure consists of:

• An introduction with a hook and a thesis statement;
• Main body paragraphs with each one of them supporting the thesis;
• A conclusion to summarize the whole piece.

Finally, comes the time to get the show on the road.

We will start the process with an introduction. After all, that’s where it all begins!

Crafting an Introduction to a Synthesis Essay

An introduction to a synthesis essay should:

Introduce the Topic You’re Discussing.

This is used to clarify the theme or topic you will focus on based on the sources you chose. Here’s an example of a synthesis essay introduction: ‘The sources all discuss and agree that climate change is a serious problem that the world is facing today but disagree over what causes the problems and the solutions to it.’

Specify the Main Sources.

Let the readers know what you are basing your synthesis essay on. And explain how the theme or topic emerges in the text, or how the author in each text addresses the idea and why it is important. For example, ‘Mr. Believer’s speech on climate change recognizes that there is a real threat from the climate affecting the planet. He states that measures should be taken to reduce C02 levels. Meanwhile, Mr. Doubter’s speech questions the science behind the above-mentioned plan using the anecdotal evidence to suggest that it’s a natural change not affected by man.’

Introduce the Thesis Statement.

At the end of the introductory paragraph of a synthesis essay comes a thesis statement. It should answer the question succinctly and state your position on the issue or title of the essay. Moreover, it should explain why this issue is important and how the world would be different without you raising this problem.

If you are not sure how to write a thesis statement , here is our complete guide to help you out!

Here is how your thesis statement should go: ‘Believer makes a compelling argument about how dangerous the climate change is as well as why we need to take an action now to prevent further damage by lowering the C02 emission.’

This is what a comprehensive introduction should look like. Now, let’s move on to the next section of your synthesis essay.

Developing Main Body Paragraphs According to the MEAL Approach

An excellent way to structure the body paragraphs is in applying the MEAL acronym – Main Idea, Evidence and Analysis and Link Back.

If that doesn’t make much sense to you, let’s see what it stands for when it comes to synthesis essay.

This is where you want to make a claim on the topic that presents an argument or an author’s position. With the climate change issue as the main subject of a synthesis essay, it can go something like this: “People may try to pass the climate change off as a hoax. However, there is an undeniable link between the human intrusion and CO2 emission problem on the planet.”

The evidence is a quote or a fact or a paraphrase from the sources you have been provided for a synthesis essay. ‘Mr. Believer states that ‘CO2 is the cause of climate change’ supporting his statement with credible scientific evidence.’

At this stage of writing a synthesis essay, you need to specify how the evidence above proves your argument. ‘This demonstrates the global warming theory has significant backing in the scientific community.’

This is just a link back to the central claim of your synthesis essay. ‘Although causal evidence cannot scientifically prove cause and effect, the number of studies cited in these sources find a correlation between an increase in CO2 emission and climate change.’

Last but not least comes a conclusion. Don’t underestimate its potential in the synthesis essay: after all, this is often the only thing the readers will remember after finishing reading your piece.

Writing a Conclusion

It is vital to ensure that a conclusion has proper structure too.

• Restate the thesis statement. Remind the readers what the main point of your synthesis essay was. It is always a good idea to help them remember it.
• Mention the evidence. You used various sources to support your thesis statement in a synthesis essay. And a conclusion is the perfect time and place to remind of them. Don’t take too long though. Just briefly go over each one of them. If someone forgot something and needs a more vivid reminder, they can go back to a particular place in your article and read it.
• Call to action. This might not be applicable all the time. However, if you are trying to persuade the audience in something, you should definitely make sure that use your chance now to encourage them to take measures after finishing your synthesis essay.

All in all, in a conclusion you need to reiterate how the topics are a connection, include a suggestion or conclusion to the arguments.

Synthesis Essay Format for an AP English Exam

Knowing what format meets the requirements of the description of an AP English exam is vital. That is why we strongly recommend you to pay close attention to the formatting you use in the AP language and composition synthesis essay.

The only way to ensure you are referencing correctly is by having the reference guide open as you edit.

If you need assistance with proper MLA and APA formatting at an AP English exam synthesis essay, you can check out our complete guides. They will provide you with comprehensive data on the synthesis essay format for AP English exam.

While still on the subject, you might want to check out our guide on how to write a rhetorical analysis essay , since it is a part of an AP English exam. We have all the answers for you here!

By now you are probably wondering what topics you can opt for when crafting a piece in question. We have prepared a list of themes to take a look at to help you out. So, read on!

Interesting Synthesis Essay Topics

When you choose synthesis essay topics, you should think of subjects that have debates around them. Pick issues with grey areas around them or the ones you can form a unique view or opinion on.

Here are a few synthesis essay topic ideas :

• Do video games lead to an increased violent behavior level among teens?
• Rehabilitation or capital punishment: Which is the most effective way to deter crime?
• How did the Treaty of Versailles contribute to the WW2?
• Social Learning Theory or Biology: Which has the most significant impact on crime?
• Does the UFO exist?
• Do people cause the climate change?
• Should abortions be made legal?
• How social media impact our day-to-day lives?
• Is euthanasia a murder or an act of mercy?
• Is sex education at schools really necessary?

Choose one of our topics for a synthesis essay – and you’ll definitely end up having a great piece with lots of sources to refer to and credible authors to cite.

Now, let’s polish your writing skills and see how general writing differs from the synthesis essay writing in the long run.

Tips on Writing the AP Synthesis Essay

Here are a few tips on how to write the AP lang. synthesis essay with flying colors:

• Keep a consistent tone and voice throughout the essay.
• Craft good strong argument and specify what your position regarding it is.
• Use some of the rhetorical techniques to craft a more compelling evidence (for more on rhetorical essay writing and preparation to the AP English exam or the synthesis essay ap lang. check our guides here).
• Know the style and purpose of the essay you are writing.
• Always have a clear synthesis essay thesis statement to help you write with purpose.
• Bear in mind the importance of the proper APA or MLA writing guides, and always edit with a reference guide in front of you for better results on your AP English synthesis essay.
• Analyze the existing sources to find common insightful traits between them.
• Develop a thesis statement for the essay to guide your outline.
• Map your main points visually. Do these main points have science-backed evidence to support them? Do they contradict each other? Or does one point support your thesis, the other one debunks your theory while the third one contradicts everything mentioned above? Be consistent in your writing and mapping the ideas.

These tips will help you better craft your synthesis essay. And if you’re still having hard times and struggling with the main points of the paper, remember that HandmadeWriting is the best place to ask for help with your synthesis essay! Our professional essay writers are available 24/7. And don’t forget to use our synthesis essay prompts to ease your writing.

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Synthesis Essay

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Synthesis Essay Examples: Learn From Powerful Example

Published on: Jun 13, 2023

Last updated on: Jan 31, 2024

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Are you feeling overwhelmed by the challenge of writing a compelling synthesis essay?

As a student, it can be frustrating to craft brilliant arguments that captivate readers and secure high marks. But fret not! We have the perfect solution to alleviate your writing woes. 

In this blog, we present a collection of synthesis essay examples that will provide practical insights to overcome your writing hurdles. We will also discuss some synthesis essay topics and tips to write a good synthesis essay. 

So, say goodbye to confusion and embrace the clarity that comes from learning through real-life examples. 

Without further ado, let's start with the blog!

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What is Synthesis Essay?

A synthesis essay is defined as: 

A type of academic writing that involves combining information from multiple sources to create a coherent argument on a specific topic. 

The goal of a synthesis essay is to:

• Analyze the sources
• Draw connections between sources
• Present a unique perspective that integrates the information from the sources.

Synthesis Essay Examples

In this section, we will explore different examples of synthesis essays. Examples are a valuable tool for learning complicated concepts and understanding the format of a synthesis essay. 

By examining these examples, you can see how the information from multiple sources is effectively utilized to build a cohesive argument.

Let's take a look at the sample synthesis essays below:

Synthesis Essay Introduction Example

Synthesis Essay Thesis Statement Example

Synthesis Essay Example Outline

AP High School Synthesis Essay Example

Argumentative Synthesis Essay Example

Explanatory Synthesis Essay Example

Poetry Synthesis Essay Sample

Technology Synthesis Essay

AP English Language and Composition Synthesis Essay

Synthesis Essay Example College Board

Synthesis Essay Example Ap Lang

Synthesis Essay Example MLA

Synthesis Essay Example APA

How to Write a Synthesis Essay?

Writing a synthesis essay can be an engaging and challenging task. It requires you to bring together information from multiple sources, analyze different viewpoints, and form a cohesive argument. 

To help you navigate the writing process and create a well-structured synthesis paper, here are some essential steps:

Step#1 Understand the Assignment and Gather Relevant Sources

Before you begin writing, carefully read and understand the assignment prompt. Identify the main theme or topic and the sources you need to analyze and synthesize. 

It's crucial to gather a variety of sources, such as scholarly articles, books, and reputable websites. By doing so you can ensure a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter.

Step#2 Create a Synthesis Essay Outline

A well-structured essay is essential for a good synthesis essay. Create an outline that organizes your thoughts and arguments logically. 

Your synthesis essay outline should include an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. Each section should be clear and concise, providing a roadmap for your essay.

Step#3 Develop a Strong Thesis Statement

Your thesis statement is the central argument of your synthesis essay. It should be concise and clearly state your stance on the topic. A good thesis statement guides the direction of your essay and provides a framework for your synthesis.

Step#4 Evaluate and Analyze Sources

Thoroughly evaluate and analyze each source you've gathered. Identify the main ideas, key arguments, and supporting evidence presented in the sources. Look for common themes, patterns, or conflicts among the sources. This analysis will serve as the foundation for synthesizing the information in your essay.

Step#5 Synthesize Information

In the body paragraphs of your essay, synthesize the information from your sources. Do not summarize each source individually. Instead, aim to present a coherent analysis of the information by integrating different viewpoints and supporting evidence. 

Make sure to attribute the ideas to the appropriate sources through in-text citations.

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Step#6 Organize Your Synthesis

Organize your synthesis logically within each paragraph. You can structure your paragraphs based on themes, conflicting viewpoints, or supporting evidence. Ensure a smooth flow of ideas and transitions between paragraphs to maintain coherence and clarity.

Step#7 Craft a Strong Conclusion

In your conclusion, summarize the main points discussed in your essay and restate your thesis statement. Emphasize the significance of your findings and provide a thoughtful reflection on the topic. Leave your readers with a lasting impression and a sense of closure.

Check out this informative video to learn more about synthesis essays!

Synthesis Essay Format

Let’s take a look at the basic synthesis essay format:

• Introduction : Introduce the topic and provide background information. Present your thesis statement.
• Body paragraphs: Analyze and synthesize the information from your sources, supporting your thesis statement.
• Conclusion : Summarize your main points and restate your thesis. Provide a thoughtful reflection on the topic.

Synthesis Essay Topics

Here are synthesis essay example topics in different subject domains:

• The impact of technology on climate change mitigation efforts.
• Synthesis of renewable energy sources for a sustainable future.
• The ethical implications of genetic engineering and synthetic biology.
• Synthesizing scientific research to understand the effects of sleep on human health.
• Exploring the potential benefits and risks of artificial intelligence in healthcare.

Social Sciences:

• Synthesizing theories of social inequality to understand its impact on marginalized communities.
• The role of media in shaping public opinion and political discourse.
• Synthesizing psychological and sociological perspectives on addiction and substance abuse.
• Analyzing the impact of globalization on cultural diversity and identity.
• Synthesizing different approaches to criminal justice reform for reducing recidivism rates.

Literature:

• The portrayal of gender roles and stereotypes in classic and contemporary literature.
• Synthesizing different literary techniques used to convey the theme of love in poetry.
• Comparing and contrasting the themes of justice and revenge in various Shakespearean plays.
• Synthesizing the works of different postcolonial authors to understand the impact of colonialism on identity.
• Exploring the use of symbolism in dystopian literature to critique societal norms.
• Synthesizing different historical perspectives on the causes of World War II.
• The impact of the Enlightenment on the American and French Revolutions.
• Synthesizing primary sources to understand the experiences of enslaved individuals during the transatlantic slave trade.
• Analyzing the effects of the Industrial Revolution on social and economic conditions in 19th-century Europe.
• Comparing and contrasting the approaches to decolonization in Africa and Asia.

Technology:

• Synthesizing different perspectives on the ethical implications of autonomous vehicles.
• The impact of social media on communication and interpersonal relationships.
• Synthesizing the benefits and risks of data mining in the era of big data.
• Analyzing the role of technology in addressing global challenges such as poverty and climate change.
• Exploring the potential applications of blockchain technology in various industries.

These topics should provide you with a starting point for your synthesis essay in different subject domains. Remember to conduct thorough research and present a balanced synthesis of different sources and perspectives.

Need more topics? Check out our synthesis essay topics blog and get plenty of ideas!

Tips for a Good Synthesis Essay

Here are some tips to write an outstanding synthesis essay: 

• Choose a topic that is broad enough to have sufficient sources but narrow enough to focus your analysis effectively.
• Take notes while reading and analyzing your sources to keep track of key points and ideas.
• Use in-text citations and include works cited page to give credit to the original authors and avoid plagiarism.
• Maintain a balanced approach by presenting different viewpoints and addressing counterarguments.
• Edit and revise your essay for clarity , coherence, and grammar mistakes.

In conclusion, writing a good synthesis essay requires careful planning, thorough research, and effective organization. By following a proper synthesis essay structure and employing proper writing techniques, you can write a strong synthesis essay.

Start writing your essay early to allow ample time for the writing process, revisions, and edits. With practice and persistence, you can develop your skills in crafting compelling synthesis essays.

Still do not know how to start with your synthesis essay? Don't worry! CollegeEssay.org is here to help.

Our dedicated synthesis essay writing service is readily available to help you with your writing tasks. We guarantee 100% plagiarism-free papers tailored to your needs.

Don't hesitate to reach out to our professional essay writing service today!

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Home — Essay Samples — Psychology — Behaviorism — Behaviorism Vs Functionalism: Two Pillars of Psychological Thought

Behaviorism Vs Functionalism: Two Pillars of Psychological Thought

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Foundational principles, methodological differences, implications for psychology, critiques and synthesis.

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• How to Write a Literature Review | Guide, Examples, & Templates

How to Write a Literature Review | Guide, Examples, & Templates

Published on January 2, 2023 by Shona McCombes . Revised on September 11, 2023.

What is a literature review? A literature review is a survey of scholarly sources on a specific topic. It provides an overview of current knowledge, allowing you to identify relevant theories, methods, and gaps in the existing research that you can later apply to your paper, thesis, or dissertation topic .

There are five key steps to writing a literature review:

• Search for relevant literature
• Evaluate sources
• Identify themes, debates, and gaps
• Outline the structure
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A good literature review doesn’t just summarize sources—it analyzes, synthesizes , and critically evaluates to give a clear picture of the state of knowledge on the subject.

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What is the purpose of a literature review, examples of literature reviews, step 1 – search for relevant literature, step 2 – evaluate and select sources, step 3 – identify themes, debates, and gaps, step 4 – outline your literature review’s structure, step 5 – write your literature review, free lecture slides, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions, introduction.

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When you write a thesis , dissertation , or research paper , you will likely have to conduct a literature review to situate your research within existing knowledge. The literature review gives you a chance to:

• Demonstrate your familiarity with the topic and its scholarly context
• Develop a theoretical framework and methodology for your research
• Position your work in relation to other researchers and theorists
• Show how your research addresses a gap or contributes to a debate
• Evaluate the current state of research and demonstrate your knowledge of the scholarly debates around your topic.

Writing literature reviews is a particularly important skill if you want to apply for graduate school or pursue a career in research. We’ve written a step-by-step guide that you can follow below.

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Writing literature reviews can be quite challenging! A good starting point could be to look at some examples, depending on what kind of literature review you’d like to write.

• Example literature review #1: “Why Do People Migrate? A Review of the Theoretical Literature” ( Theoretical literature review about the development of economic migration theory from the 1950s to today.)
• Example literature review #2: “Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines” ( Methodological literature review about interdisciplinary knowledge acquisition and production.)
• Example literature review #3: “The Use of Technology in English Language Learning: A Literature Review” ( Thematic literature review about the effects of technology on language acquisition.)
• Example literature review #4: “Learners’ Listening Comprehension Difficulties in English Language Learning: A Literature Review” ( Chronological literature review about how the concept of listening skills has changed over time.)

You can also check out our templates with literature review examples and sample outlines at the links below.

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Before you begin searching for literature, you need a clearly defined topic .

If you are writing the literature review section of a dissertation or research paper, you will search for literature related to your research problem and questions .

Make a list of keywords

Start by creating a list of keywords related to your research question. Include each of the key concepts or variables you’re interested in, and list any synonyms and related terms. You can add to this list as you discover new keywords in the process of your literature search.

• Social media, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, Snapchat, TikTok
• Body image, self-perception, self-esteem, mental health
• Generation Z, teenagers, adolescents, youth

Search for relevant sources

Use your keywords to begin searching for sources. Some useful databases to search for journals and articles include:

• Your university’s library catalogue
• Google Scholar
• Project Muse (humanities and social sciences)
• Medline (life sciences and biomedicine)
• EconLit (economics)
• Inspec (physics, engineering and computer science)

You can also use boolean operators to help narrow down your search.

Make sure to read the abstract to find out whether an article is relevant to your question. When you find a useful book or article, you can check the bibliography to find other relevant sources.

You likely won’t be able to read absolutely everything that has been written on your topic, so it will be necessary to evaluate which sources are most relevant to your research question.

For each publication, ask yourself:

• What question or problem is the author addressing?
• What are the key concepts and how are they defined?
• What are the key theories, models, and methods?
• Does the research use established frameworks or take an innovative approach?
• What are the results and conclusions of the study?
• How does the publication relate to other literature in the field? Does it confirm, add to, or challenge established knowledge?
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of the research?

Make sure the sources you use are credible , and make sure you read any landmark studies and major theories in your field of research.

You can use our template to summarize and evaluate sources you’re thinking about using. Click on either button below to download.

Take notes and cite your sources

As you read, you should also begin the writing process. Take notes that you can later incorporate into the text of your literature review.

It is important to keep track of your sources with citations to avoid plagiarism . It can be helpful to make an annotated bibliography , where you compile full citation information and write a paragraph of summary and analysis for each source. This helps you remember what you read and saves time later in the process.

To begin organizing your literature review’s argument and structure, be sure you understand the connections and relationships between the sources you’ve read. Based on your reading and notes, you can look for:

• Trends and patterns (in theory, method or results): do certain approaches become more or less popular over time?
• Themes: what questions or concepts recur across the literature?
• Debates, conflicts and contradictions: where do sources disagree?
• Pivotal publications: are there any influential theories or studies that changed the direction of the field?
• Gaps: what is missing from the literature? Are there weaknesses that need to be addressed?

This step will help you work out the structure of your literature review and (if applicable) show how your own research will contribute to existing knowledge.

• Most research has focused on young women.
• There is an increasing interest in the visual aspects of social media.
• But there is still a lack of robust research on highly visual platforms like Instagram and Snapchat—this is a gap that you could address in your own research.

There are various approaches to organizing the body of a literature review. Depending on the length of your literature review, you can combine several of these strategies (for example, your overall structure might be thematic, but each theme is discussed chronologically).

Chronological

The simplest approach is to trace the development of the topic over time. However, if you choose this strategy, be careful to avoid simply listing and summarizing sources in order.

Try to analyze patterns, turning points and key debates that have shaped the direction of the field. Give your interpretation of how and why certain developments occurred.

If you have found some recurring central themes, you can organize your literature review into subsections that address different aspects of the topic.

For example, if you are reviewing literature about inequalities in migrant health outcomes, key themes might include healthcare policy, language barriers, cultural attitudes, legal status, and economic access.

Methodological

If you draw your sources from different disciplines or fields that use a variety of research methods , you might want to compare the results and conclusions that emerge from different approaches. For example:

• Look at what results have emerged in qualitative versus quantitative research
• Discuss how the topic has been approached by empirical versus theoretical scholarship
• Divide the literature into sociological, historical, and cultural sources

Theoretical

A literature review is often the foundation for a theoretical framework . You can use it to discuss various theories, models, and definitions of key concepts.

You might argue for the relevance of a specific theoretical approach, or combine various theoretical concepts to create a framework for your research.

Like any other academic text , your literature review should have an introduction , a main body, and a conclusion . What you include in each depends on the objective of your literature review.

The introduction should clearly establish the focus and purpose of the literature review.

Depending on the length of your literature review, you might want to divide the body into subsections. You can use a subheading for each theme, time period, or methodological approach.

As you write, you can follow these tips:

• Summarize and synthesize: give an overview of the main points of each source and combine them into a coherent whole
• Analyze and interpret: don’t just paraphrase other researchers — add your own interpretations where possible, discussing the significance of findings in relation to the literature as a whole
• Critically evaluate: mention the strengths and weaknesses of your sources
• Write in well-structured paragraphs: use transition words and topic sentences to draw connections, comparisons and contrasts

In the conclusion, you should summarize the key findings you have taken from the literature and emphasize their significance.

When you’ve finished writing and revising your literature review, don’t forget to proofread thoroughly before submitting. Not a language expert? Check out Scribbr’s professional proofreading services !

This article has been adapted into lecture slides that you can use to teach your students about writing a literature review.

Scribbr slides are free to use, customize, and distribute for educational purposes.

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If you want to know more about the research process , methodology , research bias , or statistics , make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples.

• Sampling methods
• Simple random sampling
• Stratified sampling
• Cluster sampling
• Likert scales
• Reproducibility

 Statistics

• Null hypothesis
• Statistical power
• Probability distribution
• Effect size
• Poisson distribution

Research bias

• Optimism bias
• Cognitive bias
• Implicit bias
• Hawthorne effect
• Anchoring bias
• Explicit bias

A literature review is a survey of scholarly sources (such as books, journal articles, and theses) related to a specific topic or research question .

It is often written as part of a thesis, dissertation , or research paper , in order to situate your work in relation to existing knowledge.

There are several reasons to conduct a literature review at the beginning of a research project:

• To familiarize yourself with the current state of knowledge on your topic
• To ensure that you’re not just repeating what others have already done
• To identify gaps in knowledge and unresolved problems that your research can address
• To develop your theoretical framework and methodology
• To provide an overview of the key findings and debates on the topic

Writing the literature review shows your reader how your work relates to existing research and what new insights it will contribute.

The literature review usually comes near the beginning of your thesis or dissertation . After the introduction , it grounds your research in a scholarly field and leads directly to your theoretical framework or methodology .

A literature review is a survey of credible sources on a topic, often used in dissertations , theses, and research papers . Literature reviews give an overview of knowledge on a subject, helping you identify relevant theories and methods, as well as gaps in existing research. Literature reviews are set up similarly to other  academic texts , with an introduction , a main body, and a conclusion .

An  annotated bibliography is a list of  source references that has a short description (called an annotation ) for each of the sources. It is often assigned as part of the research process for a  paper .  

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McCombes, S. (2023, September 11). How to Write a Literature Review | Guide, Examples, & Templates. Scribbr. Retrieved June 9, 2024, from https://www.scribbr.com/dissertation/literature-review/

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