essay read back

Read My Essay to Me: FREE Text-to-Speech Tool

Our online text-to-speech tool transforms any typed text into audio. It is absolutely free!

By clicking Read My Essay to me you agree to our Terms

We Can Turn Your Paper Into a Perfect One

Read my essay out loud to me, what is an essay reader tool.

Now let’s explain what these tools that read my essay aloud are. The technical term for the app is a text to speech tool, abbreviated as TTS. As assistive technology, Read My Paper to Me will voice over any written text you paste into the provided form.

Another advantage of these tools is that they run on various digital devices, including cell phones, tablets, and PCs. Moreover, specialized apps allow any mobile operating system (typically Android or iPhone) to load the tool. All browsers can open the free essay reader without problems and can even transform entire websites into speech.

Websites like PapersOwl feature various free tools to help clients improve their paper composition skills. They can also write your college essay for a fee. Once you receive the ordered piece, you can check its flow and consistency by uploading it in the field specified for text reading.

If you wonder how the Read Me My Essay app works, you should know that your device will generate the sound through TTS. You can adjust the speed according to your needs and select a speaker. Though some voices are robotic, the quality is superior and humanlike in most cases.

As the machine read essay, words get highlighted. Advanced variants can also read wording from images. This technique is known as OCR or optical character recognition. Overall, these tools assist people in tracking reading and are super convenient for mastering a foreign language.

Why Use Our Essay Reader Aloud?

Some of you may doubt the use of these tools, so we wanted to pinpoint their purpose. According to scientists, reading out loud affects other brain segments and is more objective than reading the text silently. Our minds react to auditory stimuli differently, depending on who reads the material. Thus, we can see the essay from another perspective and identify what is missing.

The key reason to use our Read My Essay to Me is the ability to spot typos and mistakes that slipped through your fingers. For instance, you might have missed a preposition or written the same word twice. When looking at texts, we tend to neglect these errors, which is not the case with speech.

Another advantage of Read My Paper to Me is that it enhances readability. Sometimes, we write lengthy sentences and disregard their complexity. When someone unfamiliar with the topic will read your paper out loud, they might struggle to grasp your points. Long and complicated sentences and paragraphs impede reading, and that’s not what you want to achieve with your writing. Hence, you’ll get the chance to fix the format and emotional impact to make your work legible and easy to understand.

Any written work must sound logical and have a seamless flow of thought. But even if you pay to do your essay , unintentional mistakes can occur. In the case of complex reports, focusing on delivering your arguments and examples can blur the paper’s readability. The TTC will help you improve your transitions and evaluate your explanations.

Finally, the text to speech converter can ease the lives of the disabled. For example, for those who have problems with writing or dyslexia, assistive technology can be of exceptional help. It can make the process more comfortable and facilitate comprehension and fluency.

Online Essay Reader – How to Use?

Advanced essay readers are incredibly practical in this high-tech era. Since this assistive technology is relatively new, we wanted to explain how it works. Below, we list the steps you must take to listen to your essay:

• Open our website and find the blank area provided for your essay. Copy and paste or type your text into the window, and the app will read out loud the written piece. Note that you can insert up to 5,000 characters in one go.
• Select preferred type of voice. You can choose between a few variations, including male and female voices, and adjust the reading speed.
• Locate the button READ MY TEXT and press it. The machine will start producing speech instantly.
• If you want to hear it once again, request another reading. Or paste a new essay and repeat the same procedure. You also have the option to download the audio version.

Read my Essay Out Loud: Key Benefits

Using our Read My Paper to Me aid is ideal for proofreading and editing your words. Here are some of the critical benefits:

Error Detection

Our online essay reader helps writers to spot and correct typos and mistakes. PapersOwl is also a website that writes essays for you on any subject matter you need for college. It is a one-stop-shop place for all your academic worries. Now, you no longer have to beg your friend to proofread your papers so you can polish them.

Coherence and Attractiveness

When working on an essay, distractors such as typing, noises, citing, research, and fact-checking might impede the cohesion of the paper. Focusing on one aspect may produce a poor piece in terms of meaning and readability. Since you’re multitasking when you write, clicking read my essay is an excellent opportunity to polish your text.

Auditory Learners

Many students prefer to use audiobooks in high school and college. These tools are an ideal solution for auditory learners having problems with visual focus. They can insert almost any text into the online texttospeech app and listen to it while cooking or relaxing. Indeed, these learning machines open a whole new world of possibilities.

Foreign Languages

Typically, you can’t learn a language unless you hear it constantly. And besides speaking, the best way to memorize new words and phrases is to listen to them. You can choose the voice in your app depending on your learning style.

READ MY ESSAY TO ME: FAQ

Contact our Support Team. We’ll take care of you!

• [email protected]
• Call +1 (343) 222-4444
• Contact support

How long it takes to read my essay?

Why is reading aloud important, what is the best online essay reader.

We use cookies to give you the best experience possible. By continuing we’ll assume you board with our cookie policy.

#1 Text To Speech (TTS) Reader Online

Proudly serving millions of users since 2015

Type or upload any text, file, website & book for listening online, proofreading, reading-along or generating professional mp3 voice-overs.

I need to >

Play Text Out Loud

Reads out loud plain text, files, e-books and websites. Remembers text & caret position, so you can come back to listening later, unlimited length, recording and more.

Create Humanlike Voiceovers

The simplest most robust & affordable AI voice-over generating tool online. Mix voices, languages & speeds. Listen before recording. Unlimited!

Additional Text-To-Speech Solutions

Turns your articles, PDFs, emails, etc. into podcasts, so you can listen to it on your own podcast player when convenient, with all the advantages that come with your podcast app.

SpeechNinja says what you type in real time. It enables people with speech difficulties to speak out loud using synthesized voice (AAC) and more.

Battle tested for years, serving millions of users, especially good for very long texts.

Need to read a webpage? Simply paste its URL here & click play. Leave empty to read about the Beatles 🎸

Books & Stories

Listen to some of the best stories ever written. We have them right here. Want to upload your own? Use the main player to upload epub files.

Simply paste any URL (link to a page) and it will import & read it out loud.

Chrome Extension

Reads out loud webpages, directly from within the page.

TTSReader for mobile - iOS or Android. Includes exporting audio to mp3 files.

NEW 🚀 - TTS Plugin

Make your own website speak your content - with a single line of code. Hassle free.

TTSReader Premium

Support our development team & enjoy ad-free better experience. Commercial users, publishers are required a premium license.

TTSReader reads out loud texts, webpages, pdfs & ebooks with natural sounding voices. Works out of the box. No need to download or install. No sign in required. Simply click 'play' and enjoy listening right in your browser. TTSReader remembers your text and position between sessions, so you can continue listening right where you left. Recording the generated speech is supported as well. Works offline, so you can use it at home, in the office, on the go, driving or taking a walk. Listening to textual content using TTSReader enables multitasking, reading on the go, improved comprehension and more. With support for multiple languages, it can be used for unlimited use cases .

Get Started for Free

Main Use Cases

Listen to great content.

Most of the world's content is in textual form. Being able to listen to it - is huge! In that sense, TTSReader has a huge advantage over podcasts. You choose your content - out of an infinite variety - that includes humanity's entire knowledge and art richness. Listen to lectures, to PDF files. Paste or upload any text from anywhere, edit it if needed, and listen to it anywhere and anytime.

Proofreading

One of the best ways to catch errors in your writing is to listen to it being read aloud. By using TTSReader for proofreading, you can catch errors that you might have missed while reading silently, allowing you to improve the quality and accuracy of your written content. Errors can be in sentence structure, punctuation, and grammar, but also in your essay's structure, order and content.

Listen to web pages

TTSReader can be used to read out loud webpages in two different ways. 1. Using the regular player - paste the URL and click play. The website's content will be imported into the player. (2) Using our Chrome extension to listen to pages without leaving the page . Listening to web pages with TTSReader can provide a more accessible, convenient, and efficient way of consuming online content.

Turn ebooks into audiobooks

Upload any ebook file of epub format - and TTSReader will read it out loud for you, effectively turning it into an audiobook alternative. You can find thousands of epub books for free, available for download on Project Gutenberg's site, which is an open library for free ebooks.

Read along for speed & comprehension

TTSReader enables read along by highlighting the sentence being read and automatically scrolling to keep it in view. This way you can follow with your own eyes - in parallel to listening to it. This can boost reading speed and improve comprehension.

Generate audio files from text

TTSReader enables exporting the synthesized speech with a single click. This is available currently only on Windows and requires TTSReader’s premium . Adhering to the commercial terms some of the voices may be used commercially for publishing, such as narrating videos.

Accessibility, dyslexia, etc.

For individuals with visual impairments or reading difficulties, listening to textual content, lectures, articles & web pages can be an essential tool for accessing & comprehending information.

Language learning

TTSReader can read out text in multiple languages, providing learners with listening as well as speaking practice. By listening to the text being read aloud, learners can improve their comprehension skills and pronunciation.

Kids - stories & learning

Kids love stories! And if you can read them stories - it's definitely the best! But, if you can't, let TTSReader read them stories for you. Set the right voice and speed, that is appropriate for their comprehension level. For kids who are at the age of learning to read - this can also be an effective tool to strengthen that skill, as it highlights every sentence being read.

Main Features

Ttsreader is a free text to speech reader that supports all modern browsers, including chrome, firefox and safari..

Includes multiple languages and accents. If on Chrome - you will get access to Google's voices as well. Super easy to use - no download, no login required. Here are some more features

Fun, Online, Free. Listen to great content

Drag, drop & play (or directly copy text & play). That’s it. No downloads. No logins. No passwords. No fuss. Simply fun to use and listen to great content. Great for listening in the background. Great for proof-reading. Great for kids and more. Learn more, including a YouTube we made, here .

Multilingual, Natural Voices

We facilitate high-quality natural-sounding voices from different sources. There are male & female voices, in different accents and different languages. Choose the voice you like, insert text, click play to generate the synthesized speech and enjoy listening.

Exit, Come Back & Play from Where You Stopped

TTSReader remembers the article and last position when paused, even if you close the browser. This way, you can come back to listening right where you previously left. Works on Chrome & Safari on mobile too. Ideal for listening to articles.

Vs. Recorded Podcasts

In many aspects, synthesized speech has advantages over recorded podcasts. Here are some: First of all - you have unlimited - free - content. That includes high-quality articles and books, that are not available on podcasts. Second - it’s free. Third - it uses almost no data - so it’s available offline too, and you save money. If you like listening on the go, as while driving or walking - get our free Android Text Reader App .

Read PDF Files, Texts & Websites

TTSReader extracts the text from pdf files, and reads it out loud. Also useful for simply copying text from pdf to anywhere. In addition, it highlights the text currently being read - so you can follow with your eyes. If you specifically want to listen to websites - such as blogs, news, wiki - you should get our free extension for Chrome

Export Speech to Audio Files

TTSReader enables exporting the synthesized speech to mp3 audio files. This is available currently only on Windows, and requires ttsreader’s premium .

Pricing & Plans

• Online text to speech player
• Chrome extension for reading webpages

$10.99 /mo OR $39 /yr

• Premium TTSReader.com
• Premium Chrome extension
• Better support from the development team

Compare plans

Sister Apps Developed by Our Team

Speechnotes

Dictation & Transcription

Type with your voice for free, or automatically transcribe audio & video recordings

Buttons - Kids Dictionary

Turns your device into multiple push-buttons interactive games

Animals, numbers, colors, counting, letters, objects and more. Different levels. Multilingual. No ads. Made by parents, for our own kids.

Ways to Get In Touch, Feedback & Community

Visit our contact page , for various ways to get in touch with us, send us feedback and interact with our community of users & developers.

Read My Essay to Me: Text-to-Speech Tool

Read My Essay to Me is a text to speech tool that transforms any typed text into audio. It is absolutely free.

How many times have you received a bad grade for a silly mistake? You’ve proofread the text several times, but a sentence or two are inconsistent with the rest of the text. You cannot notice it because you know your trail of thoughts. Reading aloud helps to evaluate the overall text quality. But when you read by yourself, it is hard to focus on the details.

Who will read my essay out loud? If you're looking for a free text-to-speech tool, you're in the right place! Try this "Read My Essay to Me" converter. Choose the voice you love and enjoy!

• 🤔 How to Use the Tool?

💬 How Do Essay Readers Work?

• ✅ The Key Benefits
• 🤗 Who Can Use Text to Speech?

🔗 References

🤔 read my essay to me: how to use.

Below is a short instruction that explains how to use the text-to-speech tool above.

Copy the text from your document and insert it into the respective field.

Select the voice you prefer to vocalize your text from the drop-down list box.

Once you’ve pasted the text and selected the natural reader, press the “Listen” button.

If you need to go back and listen to a different text, there is a special button for this purpose.

You’ve probably heard of online and offline tools that can read a text aloud. So, what is Text to Speech in technical terms? Text to Speech (often abbreviated as TTS) is a form of assistive technology . Read My Essay to Me is one of TTS systems used to voice over any printed text online.

The Text to Speech tool works on any personal digital device. There are applications designed for each mobile operating system (that work on iPhone or Android). Alternatively, you can use an online tool in Chrome or any other browser you prefer. These tools can even read web pages aloud.

The computer generates the voice in TTS, but you can select the reading speed and the speaker. There are several variants of male and female voices entitled by the respective names. The voice quality depends on the tool, but many of them sound human. Some even feature a child’s voice for you to listen to. There are even robot voices that sound like children speaking.

The tool highlights the words as they are read aloud. It allows you to track the reading and is especially beneficial for foreign language learners.

Some Text to Speech tools can read out loud from an image. This technology is called optical character recognition or OCR. For example, you can take a photo of a street sign or a public notice and listen to it through the TTS app or website.

As we have mentioned before, Text to Speech tool can help people who learn a foreign language. But it can also facilitate the lives of those who have problems with writing, editing, and focusing. According to computer science research , such assistive technology is helpful for people with dyslexia. It motivates them to read by making the process more enjoyable and comfortable. The case study performed during the same research indicated an improved fluency and comprehension in the control group.

✅ Read My Essay: the Benefits

We suggest you try out Read My Essay to Me while proofreading your writing. This TTS tool has critical benefits, notably:

A few more benefits:

• It helps to detect and correct mistakes. It is always better to give your already-written paper to a friend or relative to read it for typos. Imagine you have a friend who always can find a half-an-hour to read your work aloud for you. Amazing, right? How many A+’s have you missed due to poor proofreading? Insert your essay into this TTS tool and listen to it while cooking or cleaning. Your ear will pick the places that deserve corrections.

It helps to evaluate the plot attractiveness or the content consistency. In the course of creating an essay, you get distracted by the need to type on a keyboard or write on paper. You look up the right words and return to the introduction to check your thesis statement . In a word, you do a whole lot of things that distract you from the beauty of the text. The only way to make it sparkle is to reread it.

Still, you are familiar with what you wanted to say. Our mind tricks us into believing that other people will understand us just as intended. But if you listen to your essay read by a different person, you will find many passages that require rewriting .

• It shows if the argumentation is clear and sufficiently grounded. In the follow-up to the previous point, argumentation must be complete. Read My Essay to Me can show you where your evidence is insufficient or needs more substantial arguments.

🤗 Read My Essay to Me: Who Can Use the Tool?

Who else should find out how to use a Text to Speech converter? We believe that anyone can find a practical application to this tool, but the following groups of people will find it helpful strait away.

• Auditory learners. If it refers to you, 100% that you are aware of it. People with a well-developed auditory perception memorize information better when they listen to it (rather than read, write down, or see it as a phenomenon). Listen to your reading assignment via the tool and upgrade your academic performance!
• People with dyslexia. Such people have problems with reading, although they are normally intelligent. They are affected to various degrees. Still, TTS tools can help people with problems in spelling words, low reading speed, “sounding out” words in their heads, or pronouncing them while reading aloud.
• People with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or other emotional disabilities. Autism Speaks reported that almost 25% of people with ASD are low-functioning or non-verbal communicators. They can use TTS as a voice dictation tool for writing assistance or a real-life conversation simulator.
• Those who lack time for traditional reading. Have you been assigned a 300-page book by the next week? If it is in the public domain, you can upload it into Read My Essay to Me and listen to it while doing your domestic chores. It will be handy for literature that is unavailable in audiobook format.

❓ Read My Essay FAQ

❓ how can i get my essay read to me.

• Copy your essay from the file on your device.
• Paste it into the respective field of Read My Essay to Me tool.
• Select the voice (male or female in some variations) you’d like to listen to.
• Press the button below the text to convert it into an audio version.

❓ How can I convert text to audio for free?

To convert text into audio, you have to have an internet connection and any browser installed on your computer or mobile device. Go to Read My Essay to Me and insert the text in question into the blank field. Press the Read My Essay button to listen to its audio version.

❓ What is the best text to speech tool?

There are dozens of Text-to-Speech tools available for all sorts of mobile devices and computers, including all possible operational systems. Still, the best free TTS tool is Read My Essay to Me. It is relatively simple. It has the widest choice of voices and an unlimited number of words in the text.

❓ Is there a website that will read a text to me?

Read My Essay to Me will read any typed text of any length for you. It is intuitively clear for a user of any experience level. You can choose the preferred voice that will vocalize your essay. You can insert any text, from a one-page paper to a hundred-page book, since words are limitless.

• Enhancing the learning process through text-to-speech technologies
• What are some types of assistive devices - National Institute of Health
• Types of Assistive Technology | Web Access
• Strategies for Teachers - Dyslexia Help - University of Michigan
• What Is Auditory Learning Style? Definition and Strategies

Essay Reader: Online Text-to-Speech Tool

Use IvyPanda's essay reader to get a fresh perspective on your writing assignment. Listening to your paper can help you spot errors and awkward phrasing you might have missed while reading silently. This free online text-to-speech tool is customizable: choose your favorite voice and comfortable playback speed.

❓ Essay Reader: How to Use

• 🤔 Why Using the Tool?
• 💬 Reading out Loud Strategies
• 🔍 References

Essay readers are a part of assistive technology. You might be wondering how this online text speech tool works. So, here’s how to use it.

• Paste your essay to the window. Copy your essay sample (or a part of it) and paste it into the window. Our essay reader allows you to insert up to 5,000 characters at once.
• Choose the preferable voice. We have different variations of voices to read your essay. The options include choosing between male and female voices, picking the timbre, and setting the reading speed.
• Press the “READ MY ESSAY” button. Once you’ve clicked it, the tool will read your text for you.
• New essay. In case you want to listen to one more essay, press the button below. Alternatively, you can download the audio for the current text using the according link.

🤔 Why Using Our Essay Reader?

How does reading out loud benefit your essay? Reading something aloud makes the text appear differently in our minds. We can see it from different perspectives and identify what is lacking. Most people are used to hearing and pronouncing English rather than reading and writing it.

First, there might be typos or mistakes that are hard to identify. Although we don’t intend it, we might also miss a word or write it twice. If we look through the text, we tend to skip those mistakes. On the other hand, if you read it out loud, you’ll easily spot them.

It is also easier to check your paper’s readability if you read it aloud. Sometimes the sentences and the paragraphs are too long and complicated, which makes them hard to understand. Reading them out loud can help to fix the format, style and make your paper readable.

Your essay should make sense overall. If your essay is very informative or complicated, you might be focusing on delivering your points rather than its readability . So, check if your transitions from topic to topic are smooth and if your explanations make sense by reading them aloud.

Let’s find out how you can use our free essay reader to make your paper even better!

💬 Reading out Loud: 7 Best Strategies

If you have already tried reading the paper out loud but still don’t identify all the mistakes or typos, you probably have been doing it wrongly. Our mind tends to correct minor errors naturally. We gathered these strategies that you can follow for the best result.

• Try reading from a printed copy. It is easier to make notes by hand on a printed copy. These notes can help identify the most crucial parts of your paper so that you can spend more time on them.
• Follow the text by pointing at it. Following the text as you read helps to concentrate. Reading significant amounts of texts, you might quickly lose focus. By following the text pointing at it with your finger, you can also focus on grammar.
• Don’t read too fast. Try not to hurry while reading. The faster you read, the more mistakes our brain misses. Slow reading doesn’t mean spending more time. If you read fast, you might need to reread the same passage several times. So, slow reading can save you time.
• Read from the end to start. If you want to focus on scanning your essay for mistakes and typos, try reading from the end so you won’t focus on the whole paper but each sentence.
• Cover everything except for the passage you’re working on. If you still find it hard to concentrate on reading your paper, try covering the parts you are not working on at the moment. That can help you concentrate on a specific passage.
• Ask someone to read for you. Another option you can use is to ask someone to read it aloud. Another person can take a look at it from another perspective. Since you are the one who is working on the paper, you might get used to it and not see something others see. Try to make notes as they read it for you.
• Use technology. Technology helps us with our studying a lot these days. There are online timers, graders, grammar correctors, etc. If you don’t want to bother others, you can use text-to-speech technology to read the essay for you. It has a list of advantages. First, unlike humans, it doesn’t miss any mistakes. You can also control the speed, the number of reading times, and where to start or to finish.

Online Text-to-Speech Tool: How to Choose?

Here’s what you should take into account when choosing an online tool:

• Speed control. Can you adjust the speed or pause the reader? It may be crucial, especially if your text is long.
• Voice. Can you choose between the voices? Don’t they sound robotic? You can also switch between the voices so that you won’t get tired of listening to it several times.
• Text control. How does the software work? Can you upload the documents? Can you highlight the crucial parts?
• Accessibility. Does it work offline? Do you need to download and install it?
• Tool speed. How long do you need to wait to hear the result? What’s the volume of an essay that the tool can convert at once?

If you are wondering, “Where can I have an essay read to me?” you can check our essay reader out for free and see if it’s suitable for you!

✏️ Online Text-to-Speech Tool: FAQ

• You can spot typos, misspellings, and mistakes.
• You can check the paper’s readability.
• You can see if it is informative.

Try our essay reader to listen to your essay for free!

Updated: Aug 20th, 2024

🔗 References

• Teaching Techniques: Reading Aloud Artfully! | Scholastic
• 7 Powerful Public Speaking Tips From One of the Most-Watched TED Talks Speakers
• 10 Tips for Reading Aloud with Children
• What Are the Benefits of Reading Aloud? An Instructional
• Free Essays
• Writing Tools
• Lit. Guides
• Donate a Paper
• Q&A by Experts
• Referencing Guides
• Free Textbooks
• Tongue Twisters
• Editorial Policy
• Job Openings
• Video Contest
• Writing Scholarship
• Discount Codes
• Brand Guidelines
• IvyPanda Shop
• Online Courses
• Terms and Conditions
• Privacy Policy
• Cookies Policy
• Copyright Principles
• DMCA Request
• Service Notice

Turn any text into speech using IvyPanda's free essay reader. Choose the voice timbre and speed to make it sound just the way you like. Whether you need to know how long it will take to read through your speech or need a quick voiceover—try our text-to-speech tool.

Read and Listen to Text Documents Online

Easily hear your text documents as audio books and experience the joy of hands-free reading. Start listening to your favorite text documents online today with ReadLoudly.

Select a Text file

Max file size 100MB.

Read and Listen to Text to Speech Online

Listening to your Text files hands-free is simple with ReadLoudly. Here's how to get started:

Select the text file, or write anything you want to listen to. Our website allows you to easily upload and select the text document you want to listen to.

Once the text file is loaded, navigate to the page you want to listen to. Our intuitive interface allows you to quickly and easily navigate to any page in your document.

Click the play button to start listening. Our advanced text to voice technology will read your document out loud, allowing you to sit back, relax, and enjoy your documents hands-free.

With ReadLoudly, you can enjoy your favorite Text file without having to read them yourself. Start listening today and experience the joy of hands-free reading.

Read and Listen Anywhere

ReadLoudly.com offers a convenient platform for uploading various text files and converting them into flipbooks. Additionally, users can compose new text and instantly listen to it from any location and at any time. The platform also includes an integrated text to speech feature, enabling users to listen to their documents on any device.

Safe and Secure

We take your privacy seriously, which is why we never store any documents on our server or share them without your permission. Rest assured that your data is safe and secure with ReadLoudly.com.

Customizable Reading Experience

ReadLoudly.com offers a personalized reading experience that allows for customization of font sizes, colors, and backgrounds. Additionally, our user-friendly interface facilitates seamless navigation between pages and sections.

Share with Ease

Once you're done reading or listening to a document, you can easily share the flipbook with anyone via email or social media. Spread awareness and enjoyment in no time!

No Downloads Required

You don't need to download any software or plugins to use ReadLoudly.com. It's a hassle-free way to read and listen to eBook online.

Customizable Text-to-Speech

Choose from a range of voices, customize the speed and pitch to your liking, and let ReadLoudly.com read your text document to you. Personalize your reading experience with our customizable text-to-speech feature.

Site News and Updates

May 11th, 2024.

We're thrilled to introduce link parsing, offering a seamless navigation experience within PDF documents. Now, effortlessly explore internal and external links within your PDF files. Click on linked text to swiftly navigate to your desired destinations, enhancing your reading journey.

March 3rd, 2024

Exciting news! We've enhanced our OCR capabilities, providing more accurate text recognition. Now, with OCR, we offer support for over a hundred languages, making your reading experience truly global. Explore a world of literature in your preferred language!

Say goodbye to language barriers! With our new language change option, navigating through diverse literary landscapes is now hassle-free. Choose your preferred language and immerse yourself in a seamless reading experience.

Discover a refined reading experience with our latest design changes on the most viewed viewer page. Enjoy a smoother user experience, cleaner reading interface, and cool icons that enhance your interaction with the content. Immerse yourself in the world of literature with style and simplicity!

January 24th, 2024

Embark on a seamless reading journey with our new Text Viewer—an immersive experience designed to focus solely on the textual content of PDFs. Enjoy features such as highlighting, bookmarking, and effortless reading, all tailored to enhance your interaction with the written word.

For the PDF Viewer, take control with precision using zoom in and zoom out buttons. In the Text Viewer, elevate your reading experience by customizing font sizes with easy-to-use buttons. Your preferences shape your unique reading adventure!

Explore the power of Text-to-Speech with our new caption section! Enable captions to view the current sentence you're reading or listening to. Dive into the immersive experience where each spoken word is highlighted with a distinct color. Experience reading in a whole new way!

December 12th, 2023

Tired of straining your eyes during late-night reading sessions? We've got you covered! Introducing our new Dark Mode feature—because your comfort matters. Enjoy a soothing, eye-friendly interface while delving into your favorite documents.

Exciting news! Now, you can share the joy of reading seamlessly. Whether it's a captivating PDF, an engaging eBook, or a valuable textbook, sharing is caring! Head to your dashboard's book section, hit the share option, enter your friend's email, and voilà—spread the reading love!

But wait, there's more! Our Share Option isn't just about sharing; it's your personal storage haven. Safeguard your cherished documents while creating a vibrant reading community. Update your experience now and let the reading revolution begin! 🚀

Nov 22th,2023

A new version for added flexibility. Store and access multiple books effortlessly, eliminating the need to upload the same book repeatedly. Enjoy reading or listening whenever you want!

• Login : Experience a streamlined and secure login process, ensuring easy access to your personalized features and content.
• Personal Dashboard : Your customized hub for an organized and efficient user experience, providing quick access to all your account settings and activities.
• Book Storage : Store and manage multiple books effortlessly, eliminating the need to re-upload, and enjoy a clutter-free reading environment.
• Highlight and Bookmark : Enhance your reading experience by highlighting and bookmarking specific sections, making it easy to revisit and engage with key content.
• Preference : Personalize your reading experience with color customization for highlights and bookmarks, allowing you to tailor the visual aspects to your preferences.

Sep 27th,2023

We're thrilled to introduce a game-changing update to the ReadLoudly PDF viewer that promises an even smoother reading experience. 📚

• Each page is now processed on our powerful servers, significantly reducing the load on your browser.
• Enjoy lightning-fast page loading and navigation, no matter the size of your PDF document.
• Say goodbye to slow rendering and hello to a seamless reading experience.

Sep 19th,2023

Enhance your reading experience with our new Text-to-Speech page. Now, you can easily convert written text or upload a TXT file and listen to it being read aloud. Whether it's articles, notes, or your own writings, our text-to-speech technology brings content to life, making it accessible and engaging.

Introducing our convenient Page Selection option! We've made it even easier to read books and documents. You can now select the specific pages you want to read, resulting in faster load times for larger books. Customize your reading experience and access content more efficiently.

Sep 13th,2023

We've added a handy option to Repeat a Single Sentence. Now, you can easily replay a specific sentence or passage while listening, ensuring you never miss a word of your favorite content.

Our team has been hard at work, addressing issues to improve your audio playback experience. Say goodbye to audio player glitches and enjoy smoother, uninterrupted listening.

Sep 6th,2023

We're excited to unveil our fresh, new logo! It represents our commitment to providing you with innovative and user-friendly reading and listening experiences.

Introducing the eBook Reader Page, where you can now listen to your eBooks directly. Immerse yourself in your favorite eBooks with our text-to-speech technology.

Transform your eBooks into interactive flipbooks effortlessly. Visit our eBook to Flipbook Page to view your eBook files in an engaging flipbook format.

Read My Essay: Text-to-speech tool

Featured In

Table of contents, how to use read my essay, what is text-to-speech, read my essay benefits, read my essay to me: who can use the tool, read my essay alternatives, why use speechify, how to get started with speechify.

Read My Essay is a simple tool you can use to convert your text into speech. Learn more below.

Read My Essay is an online text-to-speech tool many people use to hear how their essay sounds. The AI is able to convert text into speech, and it can be more than useful for language learners and proofreading . 

Read My Essay is a simple essay reader tool you can use to convert your text into speech. Unlike the majority of apps you can find on the market, Read My Essay is an online tool, and you won’t need to download anything. And using it is as simple as it can be. 

All you need to do is open the web page, paste the text, and choose the voice. There are a couple of different options for the read-aloud voices, and they sound quite good. The voices have different names like Andy, Tom, Sophia, James, and others. 

As a result, you will need to go through them to hear which one is your favorite. Once you select everything, the only thing left for you to do is hit the “read my essay to me” button. One of the primary reasons users love the website is its simplicity. It doesn’t require any installations, settings, or adjustments, and you can enable it in no time. But text-to-speech readers can offer so much more.

Text-to-speech is a speech synthesis tool that allows users to convert any type of text into speech or an audio file. The app uses samples of the real human voice and analyzes them to synthesize a natural-sounding speech. 

Artificial intelligence, deep learning, and machine learning are all essential parts of the technology. TTS tools and apps are designed to assist people with reading difficulties and improve accessibility across numerous devices. 

It is a simple way you can turn any type of text into an audiobook, but it also allows you to hear how your essay sounds. This will allow you to approach the subject more objectively, and let you proofread it with ease. 

You can find these tools built-in as a form of assistive technology, and almost every operative system has it today. This includes Microsoft Windows, iOS, Android, macOS, and others. It is just one of many ways to add different options to the program.

At the same time, you can find apps that are designed to be text-to-speech tools and download them separately regardless of your OS. 

One of the first and most noticeable benefits of Read My Essay is that it can save so much time. It gives you an opportunity to hear your essay from a different perspective, which is a unique chance to see it in a whole new light. 

If some part of the text doesn’t work, you will have an easier time spotting it once you start listening to the essay. It is also a great way to proofread the text and see whether there are parts of it that require changes. Having the option to hear any type of written content can also allow you to listen to it while on the go. You can write the essay, put on your headphones, and listen to it when you go out. Furthermore, since many users prefer audiobooks and listening to the content, using text-to-speech can allow you to multitask. You are free to do anything else, and Read My Essay will allow you to double-check everything. 

The tool can be quite useful for those who struggle with reading, and make the entire process a bit faster. So, if you dislike having to go through the entire document word by word, you can always check out Read My Essay and simplify the process. 

Finally, Read My Essay can be quite helpful if you are looking to learn about the dynamics of a foreign language, and the app will help you understand how it should sound. It is a perfect option for auditory learners. 

Anyone can use Read My Essay as long as they have an internet connection. Since this text-to-speech app is tied to a website, you won’t be able to access it without Wi-Fi or the internet. Otherwise, there are no limitations. 

The majority of these tools are designed to improve accessibility. Many people have dyslexia or reading disabilities, and having to go through an entire text can be tedious. With text-to-speech converters, they won’t need to worry about it. 

At the same time, many people use text-to-speech technology with speech-to-text tools. This means that they don’t need to type at all, and everything they say will be converted into text. Once the document is finished, they can listen to it without even touching the keyboard. It is also a nice way to avoid spending a lot of time on finding typos, making it good for editors.

Those who want to get something more out of their text-to-speech app can try a couple of alternatives. And there are pretty good apps out there you can check out. 

Let’s start out with Speechify . This is probably the best option on the list and an incredible alternative for Read My Essay. It is available on all types of devices, as a Chrome extension , and it is perfect if you’re looking for flexible software. You can choose between fourteen different languages, accents, and natural voices, and the quality is exceptional. It’s easy to use thanks to its intuitive UI, and high-quality voices are undoubtedly the main advantage of the app. 

Next is the the TTS Tool. You will see that many people talk about TTS tools, but this is also the name of the app you can find online (with a capitalized T). TTS Tool allows you to export files in mp3 format, and there are numerous languages you can use. It is still an online website, and it requires an internet connection, it is not as versatile as some other entries on the list. 

Murf AI is another option if you are looking for a voice generator . It offers numerous customization options, and you can easily navigate through the app. You can also choose between numerous different voices based on gender and age. 

The question on people’s minds is probably why use Speechify, and the answer is simple. It is the best text-to-speech tool you can find on the market. There are so many customization options and settings you can find, and they will all enhance your experience. 

You can adjust the reading speed, language, and so much more. But at the same time, Speechify is so versatile that you will never need another TTS app. It is able to use texts from various different sources. 

Whether you want the app to read PDF , epub, or even text from the image , Speechify can do it. And yes, you read that right. Speechify can use OCR to recognize letters from the photo of the page and read the text to you in just a couple of seconds. 

It is also available on any imaginable device. You can use it on iPhone, iPad , Mac, PC , Android, and anything else. 

The first thing you will need to do is download the app based on the device you plan on using. What is great is that you can make an account on the app, and sync all devices with it. This way, you can continue reading on another app since it will track progress. 

After that, all you will need to do is input the text, and let the app convert the original paper for you. Naturally, you can choose a type of voice you want to use, and one of the best things is that you can check out Gwyneth Paltrow as the voice of the app. 

The app is also available in different languages, and you can export the audio once the process is done. Speechify also offers different pricing based on the subscription plan, but you can also use the app for free . 

The 5 best text to speech Chrome extensions

Read Aloud: Transforming the Way We Experience Text

Cliff Weitzman

Cliff Weitzman is a dyslexia advocate and the CEO and founder of Speechify, the #1 text-to-speech app in the world, totaling over 100,000 5-star reviews and ranking first place in the App Store for the News & Magazines category. In 2017, Weitzman was named to the Forbes 30 under 30 list for his work making the internet more accessible to people with learning disabilities. Cliff Weitzman has been featured in EdSurge, Inc., PC Mag, Entrepreneur, Mashable, among other leading outlets.

Read My Paper to Me. Text-to-Speech Online Tool for Free

Do you find yourself drifting off when reading academic papers? Do you prefer audiobooks? Are you a big fan of podcasts? If you answered ‘yes’ to these questions, we have great news for you! You came to the right place.

You have probably noticed that reading your work out loud helps you improve. It’s easier to find mistakes and decide if your words sound good. However, doing it yourself ruins concentration. What if you miss important details?

If you don’t have a friend nearby to help out, you can always use Read My Paper to Me!

• ️🙌 5 Key Benefits
• ️⚙️ How to Use
• ️🎓 Text to Speech in Learning

📍 References

🙌 read my paper to me: 5 key benefits.

Get a completely different angle on your work. Imagine as though you are listening to a story narrator – does it sound good?

The ‘flow’ is the sequence of ideas and arguments in your text. Hearing your points presented back to you allows you to evaluate the logic in them. If your ideas are sound, the words will flow seamlessly.

You write a sentence, read it over, and you think it looks alright. Then you say the words out loud, and you realize you’ve made at least three errors. Listening to your work will help you identify mistakes quickly and easily!

Maybe you don’t have an essay to write – instead, you have to give a speech. Hearing someone else read it out to you is extremely important. You’ll know immediately if it sounds engaging, and if there are things you need to change!

Instead of waiting around for a friend to spare you some time, just use Read My Paper to Me. It’s fast, it’s simple, and it’s free!

⚙️ How to Use Text-to-Speech Tool?

It couldn’t be easier!

• Insert your text. Copy the text you want to be read and paste it into the window. Unlike many other tools that you will find on the internet, there is no word limit.
• Choose a voice. Click on the drop-down menu and select your preferred narrator . Each will give your text a slightly different feel!
• Listen! When you are ready, press the “Play” button. Now all you need to do is enjoy your experience! Remember, you can pause at any time.
• Need to listen to a new text? Press on the “Read New Text” button. You can also delete your first text and replace it with a new one. Both options are available!

🎓 Text-to-Speech Online Tools in Learning

We believe that education should be accessible for all. With the development of the internet more and more learning methods are becoming available. Online text-to-speech tools are one of those methods.

So how are text-to-speech tools revolutionizing learning everywhere?

Well for one, they are opening up new horizons for those who previously struggled with reading texts. For example, people with dyslexia now have a quick and easy way of checking their work for mistakes. There is no more need to struggle in search of the right reading fonts. Now they can easily listen to their words with the press of a button.

Text-to-speech tools change the education system for many more. Those suffering from impaired vision can enjoy texts previously inaccessible. Foreign language learners have a tool to help them practice their listening skills. And the truth is, some of us simply don’t have the time to sit down and read. Now even those always on the move can access the wealth of information online. Text-to-speech tools are especially useful to those of us who are auditory learners . If that caught your attention, you might want to refer to the information provided below.

Tips & Strategies for Auditory Learners

Do you remember the questions from the very beginning? Here, let us ask you again – do you find yourself drifting off when reading academic papers? Do you prefer audiobooks? Are you a big fan of podcasts? If you find yourself answering ‘yes’ to these, we think it is safe to say that you are an auditory learner. What does that mean, you ask?

Every single one of us has a particular learning style that suits us most. Some find it easier to watch documentaries, while others would greatly prefer to read a book. And then some are very good at remembering spoken information. There are very many learning styles and learning style models. However, generally speaking, there are three main ones – visual, kinesthetic, and auditory.

The three styles reflect three of the human senses – sight, touch, and hearing. Though being an auditory learner does not mean that you have particularly good ears. It simply means that you are better at retaining information that you have received through listening.

If you think that this sounds like you, you will find these learning tips particularly helpful!

• Record your classes. Next time you go to your lecture or class, set your phone to silent and turn on the recording software. This way you can always get back to it later. Just make sure that it’s alright with your teachers first!
• Ask questions. This can be intimidating, but asking questions is one of the best ways for auditory learners to remember information. Engaging in conversation will also be a great learning experience.
• Use text-to-speech tools. Whether you are proofreading your own work or reading an article, you will find it much easier to listen to the words. You can even comment along as you listen. No one will judge.
• Repeat, repeat, repeat! Auditory learners memorize information best after hearing it. Use text-to-speech tools to replay texts back to you several times. This way you will comprehend them way better!

❓ Read My Paper to Me: FAQ

❓ how does reading aloud improve writing.

When you hear your work read to you out loud, you find yourself in the position of your audience. This is where you will figure out if you can connect with your text, or if it still needs work. Reading out loud also allows you to check your rhythm and pace, find skipped words and sentences, and hear mistakes.

❓ Is there a site that reads text to you?

There are plenty of websites online that are made specifically for this purpose. Of course, some are better than others. Some have a wide range of features, while others have only the basics. Some require a subscription to unlock extra options. Only you can decide which site to use.

❓ Are there apps that will read to you?

As with websites, many apps are made for reading texts. There are programs designed for use on your computer, also known as desktop apps. There are also apps that you can find for your tablet or mobile device. You can find both free and paid text-to-speech apps.

❓ What is the best text to speech tool?

You can find a lot of text-to-speech tools on the internet these days. The selection is far and wide – so why should you use Read My Paper to Me? For one, there is no character or word limit. You can have the entirety of War and Peace read to you in one sitting. There is also a large selection of voices that you can use. After all, your auditory experience should be of the highest quality!

Updated: Aug 21st, 2024

• What makes Text-to-speech technology so effective?
• Speech Synthesis for Educational Technology
• The Use of Synthetic Speech in Language Learning Tools
• What Is Auditory Learning Style? Definition and Strategies
• The Auditory Learning Style – ThoughtCo

Read My Essay: Free Speech Tool

Sometimes when you finish working on your paper, you want to hear someone reading it aloud. The reason for that is because you want to make sure it sounds as good as it reads. Our free and easy-to-use Read My Essay tool can help you with this task. It’s straightforward:

• You just copy and paste your essay into the box of our free speech tool;
• Click the button;
• Now listen to your work and evaluate how it sounds using Read My Essay tool.

Read My Essay: Q&A

Text-to-speech converters in learning.

Not everyone is born to be a natural reader. Text-to-speech converters help many students in learning because they can open new horizons for those who have difficulty reading or learning:

✅ Those with dyslexia. Dyslexia is a common learning difficulty that causes problems with writing, spelling, and reading. So, listening to books and texts can be a great alternative to task.

✅ Those learning a new language. When you improve your listening skills, you will better understand the native speaker. Plus, by listening and imitating someone else’s speech, you can significantly improve your pronunciation.

✅ Those with impaired vision . This group of people can also benefit from text-to-speech converters. Listening to tasks, text, books can allow a visually impaired person to participate in the learning process normally.

✅ Auditory learners. Recent studies show that people can develop learning preferences. Nevertheless, most people can use both methods. Those who better understand information by listening are called auditory learners . These types of people can use audio materials to boost their learning abilities.

We have some recommendations to assist in learning:

• Choose the voice that you like and can understand better: simply because it can get challenging to absorb information and enjoy listening if the agent is unpleasant.
• Listen to the text more than once. Ideally, you should try to listen to it at least two times while focusing on structure, argumentation, formation of sentences.
• Listen to other people's essays and audiobooks because it is the best way to widen your overall knowledge and get new information while combining it with other errands.

Text-to-Speech Converters: History

It might seem that computers appeared not so long ago, or it belongs to the far future with robots and other futuristic objects. Nevertheless, it can even be challenging to determine if it is a voice recording or a speech synthesizer. Indeed, technology develops quickly. However, speaking machines have an extensive history starting in the 18th century. Here’s a brief timeline for the speech synthesis technology:

1769: Wolfgang von Kempelen created one of the first mechanical speaking machines. It used the bagpipe to produce noises similar to human speech.

1770: A scientist from Christian Kratzenstein builds a mechanical version of the human vocal system. He later wrote a book called Mechanism of Human Language with a Description of a Speaking Machine.

1837: English physicist inventor Charles Wheatstone rediscovered a version of the von Kempelen speaking machine. He was fascinated with music and sounds.

1928: American scientist Homer W. Dudley develops a speech analyzer called Vocoder . Dudley later turns Vocoder into Voder, a speech synthesizer operated with the keyboard.

1940: Frank Cooper developed a system called Pattern Playback. It can generate speech sounds from their frequency spectrum.

1953: American scientists Walter Lawrence creates PAT, the synthesizer that makes speech sounds by combining four, six, and later eight frequencies.

1958: MIT scientist George Rosen created the first text-to-speech synthesizer. The 1960s/1970s: A scientist from Bell Laboratories named Cecil Coker dedicates his time to better speech synthesis methods.

1978: Texas Instruments came up with a TMC0281 speech converter toy called Speak&Spell.

1984: Apple computer creates a Macintosh with a built-in MacInTalk speech synthesizer .

2001: AT&T produced Natural Voices. The technology is used in online applications and websites that can read emails out loud.

2011: Apple introduces the Siri app to iPhones, an intelligent voice helper to their smartphones. Currently, Siri is available on most Apple devices - Macbook, iPad, iWatch, etc.

2014: Microsoft releases Skype Translator that can automatically translate speech from English to 40 languages.

2015: Amazon comes up with a voice software called Alexa .

2016: Google releases Google Assistant. Google later incorporated it into smart Google Home technology.

Updated: Apr 5th, 2024

References:

• What Are the Benefits of Reading Aloud? An Instructional
• The Evolution of Text-to-Speech Voice Assistive Technology
• History and Development of Speech Synthesis
• Does Use of Text-to-Speech and Related Read-Aloud Tools Improve Reading Comprehension for Students with Reading Disabilities? A Meta-Analysis
• What makes Text-to-speech technology so effective?

How it works

• Copy your text and paste it in the textarea.
• Select preferred voice.
• Press “Read My Essay” button. Now you can play or pause reading of a text.
• “Read new essay” button allows you to reload the form, so you can read new essay.

For full functionality of this site it is necessary to enable JavaScript.

Read My Essay out Loud - Free Tool for Students

Follow the 3 steps to use this text-to-speech tool:

• Paste the piece you want to listen to.
• Choose the preferred voice and speed.
• Click “Read my essay.”
• 📢 How to Use the Tool?
• 🗨️ What is Text to Speech?
• ✅ The Tool’s Benefits

🔗 References

📢 read my essay – how to use the tool.

How often have you spent long hours proofreading your essay only to receive a bad grade from your professor? Proofreading can be quite tedious, and you are prone to mistakes since you are already exhausted from the research and writing processes. You need a tool to help you evaluate the quality of your written work.

The "read my essay out loud" tool is a free, user-friendly, online text-to-speech converter that changes written text into audio in these easy steps :

• Copy the text you want to have read out loud and paste it into the conversion box.
• From the drop-down list, choose the voice you prefer to read your text.
• Once you have pasted the text and selected the voice, press the button.

If you need to listen to more of your writing, there is a special button for this specific function.

🗨️️ What is Text to Speech?

Text-to-speech (or TTS , in short) is an assistive technology that converts digital texts into audio files with the click of a button. It is also referred to as read-out-loud or read-aloud technology.

TTS is helpful to people with reading challenges, such as visually impaired individuals. Still, it can also be useful for long sessions for children who struggle with reading, writing, or focusing, such as those with dyslexia and ADHD .

The technology works on nearly every personal digital device, such as smartphones, tablets, and computers. It reads texts from various applications, including online web pages, word, and pages documents. The voice in the TTS applications and tools is computer generated, and the reading speed can be controlled depending on the listener's preferences. The voice quality may vary, but it sounds very human-like. Some variations of the reader sound like children's voices.

TTS tools create a multisensory experience for the users by helping the reader visualize and listen to the texts in the document. Research has discovered that TTS tools have the following advantages:

• Improves word recognition, thus growing the reader's vocabulary and pronunciation.
• Increases the ability to pay attention to the information and retain it better.
• Allows the reader to focus on comprehension.
• Assists in recognizing and fixing errors in a student's text.

✅ Read My Essay: the Key Benefits

There has been a steady upsurge in the growth of text-to-speech technology as a proofreading tool. Students are increasingly using TTS tools as study assistants with various outcomes. Here are some benefits of using our tool when working on your research paper assignment.

• It helps identify and correct errors in the text . Proofreading takes quite a long time; it is a thorough process that takes up a lot of concentration. When you use our tool to convert your essay into audio, it acts as a spelling checker for your work, and all you have to do is correct the errors in your paper that may be spotted by listening to this text.
• It assists in content readability evaluation . As you write your essay, your mind might trick you into believing that your audience will automatically understand your arguments and thoughts. As the TTS tool reads your essay, you can tell whether your work will engage your audience. Your ability to concentrate throughout the audio is a good indicator of how appealing your essay is.
• It helps measure the convincing power of arguments . Your term paper or another assignment should contain convincing arguments that support your research. Listening to your work through our TTS tool highlights the text's fluency and the flow of your thoughts as you build up your opinions and debate in the article. For example, as you are writing your paper on economics , you may deviate from your main points, but as you listen to your work on audio, you can restructure your debate to make it more effective.

Who else can benefit from the reader tool?

Thank you for using our text-to-speech tool! Try our title maker , word reducer , and paraphraser to write and polish your essay quickly.

❓ Read My Essay FAQ

❓ who can read my essay for me.

You can seek help from someone close to you or use a tech tool for converting text to speech. There are tons of free and paid tools online to assist with that. We recommend using our tool, as it can read any typed text of any length for you. It is intuitively clear for a user of any experience level. You can choose the preferred voice that will vocalize your essay. Due to the tool's high capacity, you can insert any text, from a one-page paper to a hundred-page book.

❓ How long will it take to read my essay?

Regular human speech is 100-120 words per minute. So, you should divide the word count of your text by 100/120 and get the approximate time of listening to it. Depending on your preferences, the tool can speed up or slow down the reading speed.

❓ Why is reading the essay out loud recommended?

It helps you identify errors in your text and correct them. It also helps you assess the clarity and readability of your writing and identify areas of improvement.

❓ What is the best text-to-speech tool?

Many text-to-speech tools are available online and on mobile applications, but our free tool offers many benefits. We have the capacity for large volumes of text uploads, a variety of voices to select from, and an option to change the speed and pitch of the audio output.

• Types of AT / Guide to Assistive Technology
• Text-to-Speech - Assistive Technology - Library Guides
• 6 Creative Ways You Can Use Text-to-Speech Technology
• 10 Helpful Text-to-Speech Readers for Back to School
• The Benefits of Speech-to-Text Technology in All Classrooms

24/7 writing help on your phone

To install StudyMoose App tap and then “Add to Home Screen”

free essay samples are helpful when you need

Check out some of our verified experts.

• Undergo a strict selection process
• Complete an extensive training class
• Specialize in a number of subjects

Popular essay topics

Recent reviews, last added papers, studymoose is a free essay examples database platform for everyone.

Tired of struggling with writing tasks? StudyMoose is the ultimate solution for all learners’ academic writing needs! Our platform offers an extensive database to help students improve their composition talents. They also get inspired to create. And it’s completely free! Yes, that’s right – no need to pay any penny to access and download StudyMoose’s vast collection.

What Students Can Use Our Free Essays Database For?

StudyMoose understands the challenges that students face with composing papers. Whether one lacks skill or motivation, we’ve got everything covered. StudyMoose has created a platform that provides resources to assist people in boosting their writing. The database with free essays may be used for various purposes, including:

For Inspiration for Writing

Stuck on a particular topic? Use the database of great essays examples for inspiration and ideas to start writing. StudyMoose’s papers cover various topics and are written by experts in their respective fields.

Find Essay Topic Ideas

If you’re struggling to come up with any topic for the essay, StudyMoose is the perfect place to get going. Our database contains a vast topics collection that everyone may choose from. One good idea would be to build an original topic based on several concepts from the list.

Get More In-depth Analysis on Topics of Any Complexity

StudyMoose’s database with free essays examples includes papers on topics of any complexity. Whether one’s looking for an article on a simple topic or breaking down a complex issue, there’s plenty of information on StudyMoose’s website.

Find Writing Guides

Also StudyMoose presents a range of writing guides with 100% free essays that will aid you in directing your skills’ improvement. The most popular option among students offers literature guides to prepare for tasks in English or literature classes. Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced writer, use StudyMoose’s guides to take creativity to the next level and get that A-grade on the essay.

Use Essays for Your Research

If there is a need to gather information on any topic, StudyMoose’s database with essay examples for students might be a valuable resource. The samples may be used as references for one’s research or as a starting point for one’s own composition.

Free High-Quality Essays – Our Key Benefit

The team of expert authors and plagiarism-checking crew work tirelessly to ensure that our essays are of the highest quality. We receive positive feedback from students every day, and we’re striving for improvement of our services.

College Admission Essay Examples: Free Access

We also provide guides for creating these types of essays to make sure students are not lost in the myriad of requirements. Here’s a list of universities for which users may find how-to articles or examples of admission papers:

• University of North Carolina
• University of Rochester
• University of Richmond

Find Essays on Any Types

At StudyMoose, we understand that students may need assistance with different types of papers. That’s why there is a vast collection covering different topics and types on the site. The platform features not only types like an argumentative essays . Users also get persuasive, descriptive, cause-and-effect papers, and much more.

Papers offered on the platform are written by experienced authors who have completed many milestones in education. Their experience in various fields makes them irreplaceable in essay writing.

Use Our Tools to Improve Your Study

All visitors may find writing tips in StudyMoose blog to get a head start on improvement. The vast academic essays database is complemented by a range of tools to help students boost their writing abilities. Each tool is designed to assist learners with various aspects of completing their written assignments. It includes generating concepts, proofreading, and editing their work.

Thesis Statement Generator

Our thesis statement generator is a powerful tool. It shows college research essay examples and enables students to create any thesis statement for their papers easily. This instrument guides learners in a systematic manner and produces a thesis statement tailored to their needs.

Alphabetizer

Alphabetizer is a simple but effective instrument that helps students sort their text. The tool may be used for sorting words, phrases, or even entire paragraphs, making it a useful instrument for organizing essays and research papers.

Conclusion Generator

Conclusion generator creates a compelling conclusion for student essays quickly and easily. After a simple procedure, students get a conclusion based on their input. It is a good idea to also check free examples on the website to get a picture of what a good conclusion looks like.

Essay Rewriter

The essay rewriter tool uses advanced algorithms for producing similar content. It maintains its original meaning and structure. With it, students get a quality paper based on trusted original work with no effort.

Free Plagiarism Checker

The free essays no plagiarism database allows a checker tool to ensure that any student’s paper is original and free from plagiarism. With this tool, one can inspect any essay against billions of web pages and academic papers to make sure that the produced work is original.

Paraphrasing Tool

The paraphrasing tool enables one to rephrase sentences and paragraphs and avoid plagiarism. This tool uses advanced algorithms to reword the text while maintaining its original meaning. Check out how it works with our one page essay examples.

Read My Essay

The “ Read my essay ” tool is a feature that allows users to check one’s essay’s readability and grammar. With this function, one may rest assured that the paper is easy to read and free from grammatical errors.

Get Help With Custom Essay Writing From Our Experts

At StudyMoose, we understand that sometimes reading good essays examples is not enough. Students may need extra help with their tasks. That’s why our website offers custom essay writing services from a team of experienced authors. StudyMoose’s staff are experts in their fields.

In case you require assistance with any research paper, report, or coursework, our free essays to read and a team of writers will assist you. Our website also offers editing and proofreading services to ensure that any submitted assignments are free from errors.

Final Thoughts

StudyMoose believes that learning should be accessible to everyone. That’s why we’ve created a database of completely free essays online that learners may use to improve their ‘penmanship’ skills. With it, they may find inspiration for writing. StudyMoose reviews show that the presented instruments make the process of studying easier.

Our platform should be a valuable resource for you! We encourage everyone to explore the database of all kinds of papers, including short essays examples, and use the instruments we offer. Contact our team of experts if you need additional help. They are always there for you!

Hypocrisy, Spinelessness, and the Triumph of Donald Trump

He said Republican politicians would be easy to break. He was right.

Listen to more stories on curio

This article was featured in the One Story to Read Today newsletter. Sign up for it here .

I n the summer of 2015 , back when he was still talking to traitorous reporters like me, I spent extended stretches with Donald Trump. He was in the early phase of his first campaign for president, though he had quickly made himself the inescapable figure of that race—as he would in pretty much every Republican contest since. We would hop around his various clubs, buildings, holding rooms, limos, planes, golf carts, and mob scenes, Trump disgorging his usual bluster, slander, flattery, and obvious lies. The diatribes were exhausting and disjointed.

Explore the October 2024 Issue

Check out more from this issue and find your next story to read.

But I was struck by one theme that Trump kept pounding on over and over: that he was used to dealing with “brutal, vicious killers”—by which he meant his fellow ruthless operators in showbiz, real estate, casinos, and other big-boy industries. In contrast, he told me, politicians are saps and weaklings.

“I will roll over them,” he boasted, referring to the flaccid field of Republican challengers he was about to debate at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library that September. They were “puppets,” “not strong people.” He welcomed their contempt, he told me, because that would make his turning them into supplicants all the more humiliating.

“They might speak badly about me now, but they won’t later,” Trump said. They like to say they are “public servants,” he added, his voice dripping with derision at the word servant . But they would eventually submit to him and fear him. They would “evolve,” as they say in politics. “It will be very easy; I can make them evolve,” Trump told me. “They will evolve.”

Like most people who’d been around politics for a while, I was dubious. And wrong. They evolved.

J. D. Vance: Donald Trump is an opioid for the masses

“I’ve never seen anything like it,” Trump told me the following spring, as he was completing his romp to the 2016 nomination. We were talking on the phone, and Trump had just wrapped up a rally in Anaheim, California. Former Texas Governor Rick Perry had recently endorsed him, despite dismissing Trump earlier as a “cancer on conservatism” and “a barking carnival act.”

“He made a statement saying something like I’m ‘the smartest guy ever to run for office,’ ” Trump told me (Perry didn’t say exactly that , but close). “How do you get from ‘cancer on the party’ to that? I get it, I get it; it’s how politicians are. But I couldn’t do that.”

Trump accepted Perry’s support, and then promptly taunted him. “He was going [around] saying the worst things about me!” Trump said at the Anaheim rally. “I have never seen people able to pivot like politicians.”

“It’s happening with all of them,” Trump said. “Lindsey Graham just called and was very nice … even though he used to say the worst things.” (Graham had called Trump, among other not-nice things, “ a race-baiting, xenophobic religious bigot ” and “a kook.”) Soon enough, the last holdouts would come around too. “It’s just so easy, how they do that,” Trump said.

As went individual Republican politicians, so went the party. Reince Priebus, the chair of the Republican National Committee in 2016, would become frustrated with Trump over his obvious scorn for his organization. Still, Priebus would gamely try to assure me that the GOP was shaped not by one man but rather by a set of traditions, principles, and conservative ideals. “The party defines the party,” Priebus kept telling me.

After Trump won the nomination in 2016, “The party defines the party” became a familiar feckless refrain among the GOP’s putative leaders. House Speaker Paul Ryan vowed to me that he would “protect conservatism from being disfigured.” Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell told the radio host Hugh Hewitt that “Trump is not going to change the institution,” referring to the GOP. “He’s not going to change the basic philosophy of the party.”

In retrospect, this was hilarious.

By the second night of the 2024 Republican National Convention at Milwaukee’s Fiserv Forum in July, some attendees had started showing up with a gauze pad slapped over their right ears, a tribute to the boxy white dressing Trump wore to cover the injury he’d suffered in an attempt on his life in Pennsylvania just days earlier.

The near miss had cast a peculiar aura over Trump’s jubilee in Milwaukee. For one thing, the bloodshed reaffirmed the popular Republican notion that Trump is a uniquely marked and defiant figure, as reflected by the T-shirts being sold depicting the wounded nominee raising his fist (as well as the still-fashionable mug-shot merchandise). But I spoke with several convention-goers who appeared stunned into a heightened sense of vulnerability by the event: Trump’s physical vulnerability, yes, but perhaps something shared as well. One could view the ear bandages in the crowd as a communal gesture of humanity, or even empathy.

From the January/February 2024 issue: Trump voters are America too

Whatever was behind them, the ear accessories quickly spread through the crowd and became ubiquitous. In a sense, the entire Republican Party has become an accessory. To no one’s surprise, everything in Milwaukee revolved around its unavoidable protagonist, “our 45th and soon-to-be 47th president, Donald J. Trump.”

On the first night of the convention, Trump made what would become his familiar WWE-style entrance. His head filled the big screen as the Republicans’ official cantor, Lee “God Bless the U.S.A.” Greenwood, provided the walk-up sermon. “Prayer works,” Greenwood called out as Trump stood in the wings. And God ensured, “as Donald Trump turned his head just slightly, that the bullet missed him just enough.” Trump was then seen on-screen doing a quick twirl of his finger, the universal gesture for Let’s get on with this .

“We have believed for so long that God will make some changes in this country,” Greenwood continued. (This was a few days before the other party’s God, Joe Biden’s “Lord Almighty,” would finally get through the White House switchboard.) Greenwood persisted in bestowing his blessings until Trump could wait no longer and began his slow walk onto the convention floor.

The roar was colossal. Trump waved and clapped for himself. Everyone he passed stepped back in reflexive obedience, or awe. I’d been watching Trump’s adulators work the arena all week, trying to outdo one another. “My fellow Americans,” Senator Marco Rubio said from the podium while Trump—his Audience of One—squinted up at him like a building inspector. As with many other brand-name Republicans in the arena, Rubio had once despised Trump. He ran against him for president in 2016. It got ornery. Rubio implied that Trump had a small penis; Trump derided Rubio as “Liddle Marco” and called him “weak like a baby.” That last assessment held up well.

“The only way to make America wealthy and safe and strong again is to make Donald J. Trump our president again,” Rubio declaimed from the podium. Trump nodded along from his center box, radiating pride of ownership—Liddle Marco had grown up so beautifully.

Not all that long ago, Rubio had told me that “we should not have cults of personality” in the U.S. His parents and grandparents had fled dictatorship in Cuba. Their journey made him appreciate the gift of freedom and the danger of strongmen.

I talked a lot with Rubio in the last days of the 2016 primary, back when he was happy to speak candidly about Trump, and about how he knew better than to entrust the leadership of the United States to a “fraud,” “lunatic,” and “con artist” with autocratic instincts. And they all knew better—the Rubios, the Ted Cruzes, the J. D. Vances, the Doug Burgums, the Nikki Haleys, the Mitch McConnells, the Vivek Ramaswamys, all of them. They probably still know better. But they are all expedient, to their political core. “If you don’t want to get reelected,” Graham once told me, “ you’re in the wrong business .”

For years, many had predicted a reckoning, a shared realization that the noisy, grievance-packed redoubt that the GOP had become—marked by servile devotion to one man—was perhaps not aligned with the party’s best traditions of rugged, free-thinking individualists. “Anytime a leader builds an entire movement around himself, it almost always leads to disaster,” Rubio had told me.

After so many party defections, electoral defeats, and broken spirits, surely some Republican self-correction was inevitable. But although there have been flashes, they haven’t lasted. I’ve heard all the private doubts about Trump from his most public of validators. These private doubts were once very public. “Mark my words, there will be prominent people in American politics who will spend years explaining to people how they fell into this,” Rubio told The New York Times in 2016 , right before he “fell into this” himself.

“I don’t think so,” Doug Burgum, the North Dakota governor, said during his Republican-primary campaign last year, when asked whether he would ever do business with Trump. “I just think it’s important that you’re judged by the company you keep.” Within a few months, however, Burgum would be eager to tell everyone what regular company he was keeping with Trump. “It’s been a real honor for Kathryn and I to have spent as much time with the president as we have,” Burgum said in June as he was auditioning to be Trump’s running mate.

I’d thought that maybe 2024 would be the year the GOP finally began some semblance of a post-Trump future. At the very least, new voices of resistance had to finally assert themselves .

“I feel no need to kiss the ring,” Nikki Haley, Trump’s most competitive primary challenger in 2024, had vowed in February. Haley even made what passed for a subversive remark in her convention speech, when she said that not everyone agrees with Trump all of the time. “That’s their problem,” someone yelled out from the crowd.

But the ring, it would be kissed. “Donald Trump has my strong endorsement, period,” Haley said.

I ran into former Arkansas Governor Asa Hutchinson on the arena concourse. He was one of the only Republican-primary challengers who dared question Trump’s worldview. His campaign had gone nowhere, but Hutchinson held relatively firm. “I’m troubled,” Hutchinson told me. “I don’t want our party to be defined by attacks on our judiciary system. I don’t want it to be defined by anger.”

Hutchinson had previously distinguished himself as one of the few Republicans to have held elected office who said he would not vote for Trump. “I’ve made some commitments about not voting for a convicted felon,” Hutchinson conceded to ABC News later at the convention. Then he softened his position. “But that seems like a long time ago.”

Also a long time ago: the 2016 Republican convention in Cleveland, where Ted Cruz had delivered his plucky “vote your conscience” speech in defiance of Trump, whom Cruz had called “utterly amoral” and “a sniveling coward.”

“God Bless Donald J. Trump” is how Cruz’s speech in Milwaukee began. “Let me start by giving thanks to God Almighty for protecting President Trump,” he said, while the bandaged Almighty himself preened up at the sniveling coward onstage, who would follow him anywhere.

Biden’s defeat of Trump in 2020 had seemed certain to weaken Trump’s grip on the Republican Party, if not end his political career. No relevant precedent existed for any one-term president to become his party’s default front-runner in the next election. Especially not an extremely unpopular one-term president who lost by 7 million votes, refused to concede, incited a lethal insurrection in an attempt to overturn the result, was impeached for a second time, defied long-honored tradition by skipping the swearing-in of his successor, left behind a traumatized nation (with 25,000 National Guard troops defending the capital against his own supporters), became the first former president to be indicted … and the rest of the whole loser litany.

Yet the speed with which Trump has settled back into easy dominance of his party has been both remarkable and entirely foreseeable—foreseen, in fact, by Trump himself. Because if there’s been one recurring lesson of the Trump-era GOP, it’s this: Never underestimate the durability of a demagogue with a captive base, a desperate will to keep going, and—perhaps most of all—a feeble and terrified opposition of spineless ciphers (“weak like a baby”).

“You know what I liked about Trump?” Lindsey Graham asked, waxing nostalgic about the former president—and yearning for his return—during a speech in Nashville in 2022. “Everyone was afraid of him. Including me.” It was a killer line, Graham in his amiable-mascot mode. It would also suffice as a preview of the 2024 Republican presidential primaries. “Resistance” to Trump, lame as it was, had become an inside joke among the party faithful.

Trump’s last remaining primary challenger, Haley, quit the race on March 6. That same day, Mitch McConnell—who had criticized the then-president for his “disgraceful” conduct on January 6, 2021—endorsed Trump. Two days later, the spring meeting of the Republican National Committee, in Houston, featured a final address by the outgoing chair, Ronna McDaniel.

McDaniel can get a little weepy at times, especially during goodbyes—or, in her case, an eviction. She started the job in 2017, the day before Trump delivered his mood-setting “American carnage” speech at his inauguration. She had done her best for Trump, taken so much of his abuse and carried so much of his water. She sacrificed her dignity, her reputation, her future employment prospects—even her dynastic family surname, Romney, because Uncle Mitt had fully established himself as a MAGA infidel.

The granddaughter of a Republican governor of Michigan (George Romney) and niece of her party’s last pre-Trump nominee (Mitt), McDaniel was always the wrong nepo baby for this dynasty. Yet she tried to adapt. She said all the right things and made herself MAGA-friendly and reliable, enough to persuade Trump to make her his RNC chair.

Even then, McDaniel had to know that an inelegant end would come, as it usually does for even Trump’s most fervent flunkies and flatterers. She steadied herself at the podium on the fourth floor of the Hilton Americas–Houston, acknowledged her family, and gave a special nod to her staff. “Thank you for all your hard work to send our candidate, Donald J. Trump, back to the White House,” she said. A few RNC employees wiped away tears. They were surely aware that their own days were numbered in this consolidating family business.

Sure enough, 60 RNC staffers would quickly be axed by the incoming regime, executed by the new RNC co-chairs, Michael Whatley and—the real new boss—Lara Trump, Eric Trump’s wife, who had been handpicked by the holy father (in-law) himself.

The message was clear: “That Republican Party, frankly, no longer exists,” Donald Trump Jr. gloated on Newsmax the day of the RNC staff purges. “The moves that happened today—that’s the final blow. People have to understand that … the MAGA movement is the new Republican Party.”

Lara Trump rose from her seat, slim, cocksure, and angular in the classic style of the family wives. Her father-in-law called Lara “his most valuable asset,” the Maryland committeeman David Bossie would say in his speech seconding her. She was fully fluent in the family language: victimhood. How unfair it all is. All of the witch hunts. “The scales are always tipped against him,” the new co-chair would later tell Sean Hannity on Fox News. “It’s rigged so heavily.”

“Since the day my father-in-law came down the golden escalator—everyone remembers that famous day—this has never just been about each of us as individuals,” she said in her acceptance speech in Houston. “It is about us as a family, and it’s been about our country.”

“This isn’t about just right versus left, Republican versus Democrat,” she said. “It’s about good versus evil.”

These were big stakes indeed. Heads nodded in every row as Lara gazed upon the crowd, and her voice softened in reverence.

“I’d be remiss,” she said, “if I didn’t thank President Donald J. Trump.”

She would never be remiss.

After Lara’s speech, I made a quick sweep of the place in search of McDaniel, but she had disappeared, possibly never to be seen again.

As I left the Hilton, I ran into Ron Kaufman, a Republican committeeman from Massachusetts. I was surprised to find that Kaufman, a vestige of the pre-Trump party—he served in George H. W. Bush’s administration—was still involved with the RNC. As it would turn out, he would not be there much longer: Kaufman was voted off by the MAGA-fied committee a month later.

He had to have seen this coming. Kaufman remained close to Mitt Romney and, unlike McDaniel, did nothing to hide this association. After Houston, Kaufman told me, he was heading down to Florida to celebrate Romney’s 77th birthday, not far—geographically, anyway—from Mar-a-Lago, where Trump would be receiving a dear friend of his own the same weekend: Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán, an authoritarian whom Trump hailed as the best leader in the world.

Kaufman told me he was fine with Trump, explaining to me in the common parlance of a practiced Trump apologist that “not everybody likes his style.”

“Don’t you have any ambivalence at all about Trump?” I asked.

“I have ambivalence about my first wife,” Kaufman replied.

This was not an answer I was expecting.

“But you probably wouldn’t vote for her as president, either,” I said. “Or would you?”

I include this exchange because it typifies how some longtime Republican officials—clearly uneasy about Trump—can become comically evasive whenever asked about him. I interviewed several who veered straight into spheroid equivocation.

Georgia Secretary of State Brad Raffensperger, whom Trump famously tried to strong-arm to “find 11,780 votes” to overturn Biden’s 2020 victory in the state, seemed especially anxious when I had breakfast with him in Atlanta in May. “Why are you so afraid of saying what you really feel about Trump?” I asked.

“Because no one gives me the platform to do that,” he replied.

“But I just did,” I said.

“That’s not the platform,” Raffensperger said, looking down at the phone on which I was recording our discussion.

(Raffensperger’s communications aide then jumped in, effectively shutting down whatever platform this was or wasn’t.)

The night before, which happened to be primary night in Georgia, I’d attended an election watch party hosted by Mike Dugan, a former Republican majority leader in the state senate who was running for an open congressional seat near the Alabama border.

“Does anything about Trump give you pause?” I’d asked him.

“Oh yeah, I don’t want to hang out with him,” Dugan had told me, adding that he likes many of Trump’s policies.

But what about all of the outrage, distraction, and controversy Trump tends to generate?

“He’s not asking me to come play golf with him,” Dugan had explained to me.

“What if he did ask?”

“I’m not a golfer.”

Unluckily for Dugan, his main Republican rival for the congressional seat, Brian Jack, used to work for Trump in the White House. Back in March, Trump had traveled to Rome, Georgia, for a rally in which he would praise Jack as “a fighter” and “a MAGA man.”

Jack seemed like a savvy operative with good political instincts (proof: he did not respond to my texts). “I am both humbled and honored to earn your endorsement,” he said at the rally for the man he called “the greatest president and political athlete of all time.” As someone who has hung around Trump a lot, Jack knew enough to focus on the boss’s main erogenous zone: his golf game. Trump appears to reserve special appreciation for those attendants who are willing to exult in his alleged physical prowess—right out of the authoritarian playbook of the bare-chested and robust Vladimir Putin on horseback.

“I’m not sure if I should say this,” Jack said faux-sheepishly, “but, just a few weeks ago, President Trump put to shame two professional golfers.” He then revealed that Trump had shot a 70 on 18 holes. This sounded impressive, I thought, though not as impressive as the 11 holes in one that the North Korean dictator Kim Jong Il shot in the first golf game he ever played (source: North Korean state media, 1994).

Although Jack was not yet well known in this heavily Republican district, he was “Trump-endorsed”—all the yard signs said so—which is akin to a golden ticket in today’s GOP. (Jack wound up winning the primary by a large margin.) The path always starts with a beeline to Trump’s rump. As Florida Governor Ron DeSantis observed in January: “You can be the most worthless Republican in America, but if you kiss the ring, he’ll say you’re wonderful.”

In 2022, J. D. Vance proved himself a master. Although the Senate candidate from Ohio had previously dismissed Trump as “noxious,” “reprehensible,” and “cultural heroin,” among other things, he worked to convince Trump that he was reformed. Trump may or may not have believed him, but he very much relished the grovel of it.

“J.D. is kissing my ass. He wants my support so bad!” Trump bragged at a campaign stop with Vance in Youngstown in 2022. He also claimed that Vance had fallen “in love” with him. If anything, this is the fun part for Trump: showing off that he has snapped up another politician like a distressed condo asset. He had made another Republican candidate—a rich Ivy League ex-Marine, no less—self-emasculate on his behalf.

They all wore red ties, or most of them did. Fat and long, the signature Trumpian garments hung just below their belts. It was not clear whether Trump himself cared (he probably did; such an honor!), but dressing in the boss’s full uniform—white shirt, navy suit, and the signature neckwear—was an added curtsy. If Trump had a mustache, his acolytes would all grow and groom one just like his—as Baath Party loyalists did for Saddam Hussein.

They made their pilgrimage to the Manhattan Criminal Courthouse, where Trump spent a good part of May facing 34 criminal counts stemming from his ill-fated attempt to hide a $130,000 payment to his alleged porno paramour. The acolytes flanked their victim/defendant on the 15th floor as he sat with his arms crossed, jacket open, and eyes closed through prolonged stretches. “I do have a lot of surrogates, and they are speaking very beautifully,” Trump bragged during one of his news conferences.

My visit to 100 Centre Street coincided with the arrival of a large retinue of Trump’s defenders: 11 Republican House members made the trip that Thursday. They would take turns decrying (“very beautifully”) the “political persecution” that was taking place and the travesty of how Biden had “weaponized” the courts against the “greatest president in history.” I waited for the House members at a park across the street from the courthouse, along with a daily clot of reporters and camerapeople, clusters of pro- and anti-Trump demonstrators, and some bemused tourists, most of them from other countries, who had no idea what they’d stumbled upon.

“Standing back and standing by, Mr. President,” said Representative Matt Gaetz, the poofy-haired provocateur from Florida who led that day’s brownnoser brigade. Gaetz’s words, which appeared on X, intentionally echoed Trump’s from the 2020 debate where he’d been asked to condemn neofascist groups who had been disrupting some of that summer’s Black Lives Matter protests. “Proud Boys, stand back and stand by” is how Trump responded to the debate question, less a call for restraint than a call to action. (“A dog whistle through a bullhorn” is how Kamala Harris described it at the time.)

Each of the Trump toadies in attendance outside the courthouse said their piece about the towering injustice that was occurring inside. Trump is “in good spirits,” Representative Anna Paulina Luna of Florida reported, while Gaetz complained that their hero was facing “the Mr. Potato Head doll of crimes,” which is not technically a legal classification, by the way.

A group of New York hecklers greeted the traveling-circus caucus with Bronx cheers. One man stood behind the field-trippers holding a Bootlickers sign.

“Lies, lies,” the hecklers cried out.

“Get the fuck out of New York!”

“Go to fucking hell!”

“Matt Gaetz is a pedophile!”

Representative Lauren Boebert of Colorado started to speak but was interrupted by chants of “Beetlejuice, Beetlejuice,” which, for the uninitiated, referred to an incident at a Denver theater in September 2023 when Boebert was evicted from the musical comedy for performing a series of infractions in her seat: vaping, giggling, and fondling her date below the belt.

Straining to be heard over the hecklers, Boebert vowed that neither Trump nor his supporters would be gagged. “President Trump is not going anywhere … And we are not going anywhere, either.”

A few minutes later, they were all gone.

Boebert saved her best work for that night back at the Capitol, where the House Oversight Committee held a session to debate contempt charges against Attorney General Merrick Garland. (Originally scheduled for that morning, it had been postponed because so many members were in New York.) Boebert took the opportunity to boast on Trump’s behalf about one of his favorite topics: his supreme intelligence—as evidenced by the fact that, as Trump loves to mention, he allegedly once “aced” some cognitive test.

But here’s what Boebert actually said: “President Trump, when he was in office, underwent testing for his cognitive dissonance.”

I’ve noticed that for whatever reason, Trump is a magnet for these kinds of mangled phrases, misstatements, and malapropisms. This might be because those who speak excitedly about Trump, including Trump himself, tend to talk fast and off-the-cuff and perhaps have less capacity than most for shame and embarrassment (and grammar). They can be desperate to please and maybe get careless or lapse into Freudian candor. “We’ve been waging an all-out war on American democracy,” Trump announced in Iowa this past December.

Boebert’s “cognitive dissonance” claim made me think of the early days of COVID, in 2020, when Trump tried to convince everyone that the pandemic would soon disappear. Why? Because you’ll develop “a herd mentality,” Trump explained at a town hall in Pennsylvania. He presumably meant “herd immunity,” but this felt like an apt malapropism, if there is such a thing.

Trump’s movement had in fact drawn his followers together as a self-reinforcing herd. They were joined in contempt for a unified enemies list—defined loosely as liberal elites. They also shared the buoyant faith that supporting Trump would be a panacea. “Four more years, it’ll be fixed, it’ll be fine, you won’t have to vote anymore,” Trump reassured a gathering of Christian conservatives this past July.

“What Trump offers is an easy escape from the pain,” as Vance wrote in this magazine in 2016 . He was a fierce critic of Trump before he became a Republican Senate candidate who saw an obvious path to the front of the herd.

Vance was one of several vice-presidential prospects who trekked to New York to audition to be Trump’s next Mike Pence. He donned the red tie and nailed his umbrage marks. Vivek Ramaswamy, the super-thirsty former GOP-primary candidate, performed his own star turn at the courthouse, but with one notable hiccup. “Let’s pray for our country being stronger on the other side of this disgusting sham politician,” Ramaswamy said. He tried to correct himself—“prosecution”—but it was too late. The word had escaped. The moment went viral.

Cognitive dissonance can be exhausting, and there’s a lot of that going around the herd these days. I kept thinking about this as I ambled through the Republican convention. It was such an upbeat and cheerful affair, not characteristic at all of these gatherings since Trump took over the franchise and made it a grievance-filled and even menacing place. Trump was solidly up in the polls. He’d just survived an assassination attempt, which lent a charmed-life quality to the proceedings.

Several delegates I spoke with said the near miss proved that Trump either had been touched by God or possessed a superhuman ability to withstand danger. Biden, meanwhile, seemed old and tired, and his campaign appeared terminal (and in fact it was).

Yet beneath the Republicans’ triumphalist excitement in Milwaukee, I sensed an undercurrent of disbelief. They were projecting confidence, yes, but there was a tight, gritted-teeth quality to this, of a once-serious party that had now been subdued, disoriented, and denuded of whatever their convictions once were. The final scene of The Graduate came to mind: Dustin Hoffman and Katharine Ross were out of breath after catching the bus. They had gotten what they thought they wanted. But what had they really just done—again?

Republicans had expressed these doubts before, and not so long ago, before they all capitulated. I watched a lot of Trump’s biggest former skeptics as they peacocked their way through the arena: Rubio, Cruz, Graham, Vance, DeSantis, Burgum, Ramaswamy, Elise Stefanik, and the rest. They had made their calculations, wore their practiced faces of satisfaction, and had somehow found a way to live with the learned helplessness that Trump had reduced them to. But others who had served Trump had made different judgments. I kept recalling the words of retired Marine Corps General James Mattis, who had been Trump’s first secretary of defense. Mattis, who was of course nowhere near this convention, had issued a statement on the night of January 6, 2021, blasting Trump as well as those who enabled him as “pseudo political leaders whose names will live in infamy as profiles in cowardice.” In other words: They all knew better.

That was the nagging dissonance of this spectacle: the gap between what the GOP traditionally believed and what it now allows itself to abide. The party that allegedly reveres the Constitution is going all in on someone who has called for its termination. A party that cherishes freedom is willing to cede authority to a candidate who says he would be a dictator on his first day in office. A party that supposedly venerates law and order is re-upping with an actual felon. A party whose rank and file overwhelmingly wants Russia to defeat Ukraine believes that Biden stole the 2020 election, and that Trump’s legal shambles are entirely a Democratic plot. This is now a party whose standard-bearer has not been endorsed by any former Republican president or nominee, or even his own vice president, who barely escaped death by hanging the last time. And to what end, any of it?

Or maybe the dissonance doesn’t matter. Trump can do as he pleased, as he predicted. “Well, I think we’ve had very weak people,” he said in 2015. “I look at some of the people that are running, and I think they’re not strong people.” I remember hearing that as bombast at the time, the kind of casual dismissals Trump tosses around. In retrospect, though, Trump was prospecting, sizing up the Republican “leaders” he would be competing against. If nothing else, Trump has a keen eye for finding soft targets: pushovers he can bully, rules he can flout, entire political parties he can raze and remake in his image. He would roll over them.

This article appears in the October 2024 print edition with the headline “Hypocrisy, Spinelessness, and the Triumph of Donald Trump.”

About the Author

More Stories

The Political Tradition Harris and Walz Are Bringing Back

21 Minutes in the Buttigieg Bubble

Kamala Harris and Donald Trump are neck and neck

Opinion: When I talked about my pre-Roe abortion, other women’s stories poured out: ‘You are the only person I’ve ever told’

• Copy Link URL Copied!

The summer of 1965, the first gynecologist I went to for a diaphragm turned me down. He was within his rights — birth control had only just become legal for married people, and contraception for unmarried people like me would remain against the law until 1972. With the support of a growing feminist movement, single women with financial resources and medical access managed to get the pill anyway and rode the wave of the summer of love, exulting in the sexual revolution. “Make Love Not War” demanded not only peace in Vietnam but liberation from restraints on sex and dread of unwanted pregnancy.

But a diaphragm could slip or have a hole in it. Condoms were considered ineffective and impaired our pleasure and freedom. Intrauterine devices were not in general use. You might skip a birth control pill one day or two days and find yourself pregnant, which is what happened to me. Or sleep with one’s boyfriend and be edged into unwanted sex with someone else and not know who impregnated you. That also happened to me.

Column: Warren Hern is one of the country’s few late-term abortion doctors. This is what drives him

Through half a century of death threats and derision, Warren Hern has never stopped providing women with critically needed healthcare.

Aug. 21, 2024

White and privileged enough to pay what I remember as $2,000, I maneuvered a “therapeutic abortion,” a loophole in the law that allowed abortion for the health of the woman. Typically, the strategy was mental health. I’m sure I told the psychiatrist I didn’t want to marry the father and that I could not care for a child. The obstetrician agreed to perform the procedure, asked me on the operating table if I wanted to go through with it, and told me not to tell anyone. I told only the friends who drove me to the hospital.

The story still amazes me. Who was that 23-year-old woman who managed to get a safe abortion all on her own? What was the impact of that decision on the rest of my life? I thought little about it until recently, when I realized my students and other younger women had no idea what it had been like back in the day. What to tell them? I remember being alone. I remember feeling scared. I had paid for the abortions of a couple of women I knew and driven a friend to an illegal one in New Jersey. She ended up in the hospital, bleeding badly. “I damn near died,” she told me, 55 years later.

Calmes: Why Trump’s ‘leave it to the states’ abortion stance ties him in knots

Trump’s hapless and contradictory flailing on abortion is a prime signal: This man shouldn’t get another term.

Sept. 5, 2024

I did not know, when I sought to terminate my pregnancy in New Haven, Conn., that a month before in New York City 12 women had gone public about their abortions at a “speak-out,” or that in Chicago an underground collective called the Janes was arranging safe abortions, free to those who could not afford them. Fear of pregnancy haunted everything beyond a kiss, as did stories of women sent away to have children they gave up for adoption, women who died from botched procedures, boyfriends who wouldn’t help pay, boyfriends who would.

The most radical position on abortion before Roe vs. Wade was repeal not reform — the argument being that any abortion law, no matter how liberal, denied women control of our own bodies. After Roe, abortion opponents took control of the discourse, muddling the clarity of the simple fact that one’s body is one’s own. In 1977, the Hyde Amendment, which denied federal funds for abortion, further reinforced the disparity between women who could afford the procedure and those who could not. Demands for parental consent denied young women autonomy. Amid clinic bombings, the pro-choice movement seemed unable to effectively call out the cruelty of antiabortion rhetoric that privileged the life of an unborn child over that of an unrealized woman or overburdened mother.

Column: Two years after the Supreme Court’s abortion decision, meet the expert on post-Roe America

UC Davis law professor and historian Mary Ziegler has become one of the country’s leading authorities on the abortion issue. She sees a push-pull between judges, anti-abortion lawmakers and Americans who by and large favor abortion rights.

June 23, 2024

Those of us who’d had abortions were made somehow inaudible. “Write a poem,” a friend said to me on our way to Washington for the 1992 March for Women’s Lives, an event prompted by a challenge to a Pennsylvania abortion rights law brought to the Supreme Court . Half a million rallied and Roe was preserved. I’d hardly talked about my abortion, let alone written about it, but I remembered my long-ago loneliness. The poem recounted the sex that led to my 1969 abortion and a visit to a post-Roe women-run clinic. I remember the power of the audience response when I read it aloud and my surprise when a young editor wrote me, saying that her magazine’s decision to publish it had been controversial.

With the Dobbs decision, public speech about abortion is no longer rare. What was silence has become an uproar. The new back alley is a flight you can’t afford to a state where abortion is legal, or a hospital room where you’re left to bleed out because your miscarriage is too late to be legally assisted by professionals.

On a recent women’s mobilization call for Kamala Harris supporters, two women told their stories — both were hospitalized for late-term miscarriages, both abandoned by doctors who feared criminal charges. “I nearly died,” one of the women said. “I was lucky,” said the other.

During the last two years, when I’ve told women I was writing about my pre-Roe abortion, stories poured out: Mine was in a dentist’s office; I had to go to Puerto Rico; mine was botched and I was so alone. That I’d prompted these revelations was surprise enough. More unnerving was that in almost every instance, the woman would lean forward: “You are the only person I’ve ever told,” she’d confide. “Only you will know,” a woman in her 50s whispered to me at a book signing last week.

Though friends who knew me in my 20s tell me I always seemed confident, it’s amazing to me that I was able to make such a decision on my own behalf before I even had a self. Now in my 70s, I realize that moment helped to form me, a woman who has made many decisions against the grain. I still seem confident to friends, but every time an important choice presents itself, I churn back to that long-ago lonely girl. How stunning now to join that mobilizing call where the importance of decisions like mine were acknowledged, where my life as a single working woman was not odd or unusual, where I was invited to shout as one of many.

Honor Moore is on the graduate writing faculty at the New School. Her newest book is “ A Termination .”

More to Read

Column: The abortion pill is safe. Is your uterus?

June 13, 2024

How treatment of miscarriages is upending the abortion debate

April 25, 2024

Inside an Arizona abortion clinic: Uncertainty looms and optimism reigns

April 22, 2024

A cure for the common opinion

Get thought-provoking perspectives with our weekly newsletter.

You may occasionally receive promotional content from the Los Angeles Times.

More From the Los Angeles Times

World & Nation

North Dakota judge strikes down the state’s abortion ban

Sept. 12, 2024

Opinion: Think of Donald Trump as Robin Hood in reverse. Here’s why

Calmes: What’s with the silence from former Trump heavyweights?

Granderson: At the debate, Trump confessed he’s unfit and unprepared

Sept. 11, 2024

Are Americans more attracted to anger or hope? Don Watson reports from the US election trail

Vice Chancellor's Fellow and Professorial Fellow, Institute for Human Security and Social Change, La Trobe University

Disclosure statement

Dennis Altman does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

La Trobe University provides funding as a member of The Conversation AU.

View all partners

In 2016, Don Watson wrote a remarkable Quarterly Essay predicting the success of Trump, when political commentators were largely united in their belief that Hillary Clinton would win the election.

So it’s hardly surprising Watson was back in the United States this year to track Trump’s possible return to the White House. But politics can be a cruel game to follow, and he was clearly caught out by the rapid replacement of President Joe Biden by Kamala Harris – and a very different campaign.

It is too early to analyse the impact of the Trump/Harris debate, but there is little doubt that Harris handled herself impressively and established herself as a viable candidate. How many undecided voters will be put off by Trump’s bluster and boastfulness remains to be seen.

The first half of High Noon , Watson’s new Quarterly Essay on the US election, reads as if Trump’s re-election is inevitable. Watson had no illusions about Biden’s electability in 2024. Whether fairly or not, Biden was widely regarded as too old and unable to defend his record. That said, it is strange Watson has so little to say about Biden’s success four years ago, when he won back some of those voters who had opted for Trump.

Review: Quarterly Essay – High Noon: Trump, Harris and America on the Brink by Don Watson (Black Inc.)

Watson claims Bernie Sanders might have done better than Hillary Clinton in 2016 – but I’m not convinced. The Republicans would have consistently portrayed Sanders as a dangerous socialist, if not a communist – and for reasons Watson himself acknowledges, the dirt would probably have stuck. Against Sanders, Trump would have portrayed himself as the defender of American values in ways he could not four years later against Biden.

Appalled and enchanted by the US

Watson writes in the long tradition of outsiders who have traversed the US in search of understanding the complexities of the country.

At his best, as in his account of life in Detroit and nearby Kalamazoo, Michigan, he combines analysis with poetic prose, often drawing on passing conversations to illuminate perceptions of the world rarely shared by readers of the Quarterly Essays. A taxi driver in Queens echoes Trump’s diatribes against illegal immigrants: “I am very angry,” he tells Watson. “Americans are very angry.”

Rather like journalist Nick Bryant, author of The Forever War , Watson is simultaneously appalled and enchanted by the US.

Like Bryant, he is aware of growing inequality, persistent racism and the extent of its violence, even as he relishes the energy and inventiveness of so much of American life. Like me, Watson knows that entering the US recalls the moment in The Wizard of Oz where black and white suddenly transforms to colour.

He writes that Trump has turned politics into “the wildly adversarial and addictive world” of TV wrestling. We understand “wrestlers are real, but not real […] personifications of good and evil, courage and cowardice, patriotism and treachery”.

As Watson suggests, Trump has created “a fictional setting for his fictions” where “he can be as abusive and as untruthful as he likes” – and where “boasting, posturing and abusing” are expected.

One question dominates High Noon, as it did his earlier essay. Namely: what explains Trump’s ability to capture the Republican Party – and perhaps to become only the second president to be re-elected after losing the election following their first term?

Watson is good at explaining Trump’s ability to channel the discontent and anger of millions of Americans. But he fails to explain the almost total defeat of the Republican establishment, which has so jettisoned its own past that no senior member of any Republican administration before Trump could be found to speak at their convention.

Former vice president Dick Cheney (under George W. Bush) is among the establishment Republicans who’ve recently announced their support for Harris, hardly surprising as his daughter, Liz Cheney, lost her position in Congress due to her antipathy to Trump.

There is surprisingly little reflection on the culture wars, which have become central to Republican campaigns over the past decade. And no discussion of abortion or attacks on woke ideologies (gender, critical race theory), which have become staples of the MAGA language and help cement the white evangelical vote for Trump.

I wish Watson had spoken to more women, given the growing gender gap within American politics and the way Harris’ nomination has accelerated that. A recent poll shows Harris leading Trump by 13 points among women. Her success in a couple of key states, including Arizona and Nevada, may hinge on otherwise apolitical women turning out to vote on referenda to ban abortions.

Abortion is for Trump what Gaza is for Harris: an issue that arouses great passions that are impossible to reconcile among people they could normally take for granted. In Tuesday’s presidential debate, Trump equivocated on abortion , making unsubstantiated claims for postpartum terminations while claiming he’s “great for women and their reproductive rights”.

I suspect the last section of High Noon was written after Watson returned to Australia. His account of Harris’ nomination and the early stages of the 2024 campaign lack the firsthand immediacy of the earlier sections.

Capitalism trumps democracy

The overriding question Watson poses is: how can a country that believes itself to be a democracy, the leader of “the Free World”, possibly elect a demagogue like Trump?

In the end, it seems, capitalism trumps democracy. Watson quotes the right-wing billionaire Peter Thiel as saying he no longer believes freedom and democracy are compatible. Harris consistently stresses that Trump’s tax proposals would further increase economic inequality within the US.

“An election,” writes Watson, “is democracy’s effort to outrun the anger and envy arising from its failure to honour the promise of a fair shake for everyone.” My hunch is that Harris understands this. The apoplectic columns in the Murdoch press claiming she is light on policy ignore the fact Clinton lost in 2016 despite an armoury of policies designed to attract working-class voters.

Trump is almost unique in winning (and then losing) by speaking of anger and decline. Harris is in the tradition of both Ronald Reagan and Barack Obama in proclaiming hope. (In choosing the title for his essay, did Watson remember that Reagan cited High Noon as his favourite film ?)

I wish Watson had held off finishing this essay long enough to see whether the Harris campaign’s instinctive sense of how to defeat Trump through positivity over anger, stressing his egoism against her desire to unify the country, pays off.

Why do we care so much?

Is Trump a fascist? Watson skirts around this question. He is correct, though, in pointing to Trump’s admiration for Hungarian authoritarian prime minister Viktor Orban .

In today’s debate, Trump called Orban “one of the most respected men, they call him a strong man” and quoted him as saying “you need Trump back as president”. Trump further claimed China and North Korea are “afraid” of him.

Trump claims he can end the war in Ukraine, but gives no answer as to how he would do this. Neither Trump nor Harris have any obvious solution for the war in Gaza, although Trump claims she would be responsible for the destruction of Israel, again with no clear explanation for this.

The constant attempts by Trump’s supporters to interfere with what we would regard as the basic norms of free democratic elections – including, most dramatically, the attacks of January 6 – suggest a second Trump administration would sorely test those Australian politicians who like to speak of our shared values.

Watson reflects a much larger Australian obsession with the US, ranging from the AUKUS agreement to the extraordinarily high proportion of American speakers who turn up at our literary festivals.

But as Watson writes in his final paragraph: “You have your own life to lead. Why let yourself be lured into theirs?”

It’s a good question, but Watson has provided an answer for why we should pay attention to US politics. He writes: “Once the Democrats allow themselves to be defined by their opposition to Trump, the fight is as good as lost.”

Until Harris became the candidate, it seemed as if this was the only strategy the Democrats had to fall back upon. Her performance in the debate suggests Harris is both willing to attack Trump and to promise a rather different path forward, stressing the need for generational change.

Don Watson’s Quarterly Essay High Noon: Trump, Harris and America on the Brink (Black Inc.) is published Monday 16 September.

• US politics
• Quarterly Essay
• Donald Trump
• Book reviews
• Kamala Harris

2024 Vice-Chancellor's Research Fellowships

Head of Research Computing & Data Solutions

Community member RANZCO Education Committee (Volunteer)

Director of STEM

Chief Executive Officer

Watch CBS News

Trump says he won't debate Harris again

By Kathryn Watson

Updated on: September 12, 2024 / 5:49 PM EDT / CBS News

Washington — Former President Donald Trump announced Thursday that he won't debate Vice President Kamala Harris again, following Tuesday night's matchup  between the two in Philadelphia. 

"THERE WILL BE NO THIRD DEBATE!" Trump said at the end of a long post on his Truth Social account. The first presidential debate was in June between Trump and President Biden.

"When a prizefighter loses a fight, the first words out of his mouth are, 'I WANT A REMATCH,'" Trump wrote in his post, explaining his decision and insisting unnamed polls showed he won. 

Later in the day, at a campaign stop in Tucson, Arizona, he said, "Because we've done two debates and because they were successful, there will be no third debate. Too late anyway, the voting has already begun."

But initial polls by  Reuters , YouGov and CNN  showed a wide majority of voters thought Harris outperformed Trump. Most commentators and observers agreed that Harris got the upper hand in the showdown, with the vice president generally remaining on the attack while putting Trump on the defensive.

Trump at times struggled to focus his messaging, repeating debunked claims that Haitian migrants are eating pets, insisting people aren't leaving his rallies early and saying he has "concepts" of a health care plan. 

Shortly after Trump's post, Harris addressed a crowd at a rally in North Carolina, where she said she was open to another debate.

"I believe we owe it to the voters to have another debate," she said.

Many of Trump's allies also said they thought Harris had come out on top in Philadelphia. Robert F. Kennedy Jr., who endorsed Trump after dropping his independent bid for president, told Fox News on Wednesday that Harris "clearly won the debate in terms of her delivery, her polish, her organization, and her preparation," even though "I think on substance, President Trump wins in terms of his governance."

"But he didn't tell that story," Kennedy told Fox News. 

After the debate ended Tuesday night, Republican Rep. Mike Collins of Georgia posted to X , "You want to know who won? Find out who refuses to do a 2nd debate." 

Olivia Rinaldi contributed to this report.

• Presidential Debate
• Kamala Harris
• Donald Trump
• 2024 Elections

Kathryn Watson is a politics reporter for CBS News Digital, based in Washington, D.C.

More from CBS News

Harris campaign seeks 2nd debate, but Trump says he's "less inclined"

How to watch the first presidential debate between Harris and Trump

Here are the rules for tonight's debate between Trump and Harris

Trump-Harris debate draws 67 million viewers, surpassing first matchup

• Election 2024
• Entertainment
• Newsletters
• Photography
• AP Buyline Personal Finance
• AP Buyline Shopping
• Press Releases
• Israel-Hamas War
• Russia-Ukraine War
• Global elections
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East
• Election results
• Google trends
• AP & Elections
• Paralympic Games
• College football
• Auto Racing
• Movie reviews
• Book reviews
• Financial Markets
• Business Highlights
• Financial wellness
• Artificial Intelligence
• Social Media

US and UK spy chiefs praise Ukraine’s ‘audacious’ Russia incursion and call for a Gaza cease-fire

FILE - CIA director William Burns speaks during a hearing, March 11, 2024, in Washington. (AP Photo/Mark Schiefelbein, File)

• Copy Link copied

LONDON (AP) — The heads of the British and American foreign intelligence agencies said Saturday that Ukraine’s surprise incursion into Russia is a significant achievement that could change the narrative of the grinding 2 1/2-year war, as they urged Kyiv’s allies not to be held back by Russian threats of escalation.

Richard Moore, the head of MI6, said Kyiv’s surprise August offensive to seize territory in Russia’s Kursk region was “typically audacious and bold on the part of the Ukrainians, to try and change the game.” He said the offensive — which Ukraine said has captured about 1,300 square kilometers (500 square miles) of Russian territory — had “brought the war home to ordinary Russians.”

Speaking alongside Moore at an unprecedented joint public event in London, CIA Director William Burns said the offensive was a “significant tactical achievement” that had exposed vulnerabilities in the Russian military.

It has yet to be seen whether Ukraine can turn the gains into a long-term advantage. So far the offensive has not drawn Russian President Vladimir Putin’s focus away from eastern Ukraine, where his forces are closing in on the strategically situated city of Pokrovsk .

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy has repeatedly pressed allies to let Kyiv use Western-supplied missiles to strike deep inside Russia and hit sites from which Moscow launches aerial attacks. While some countries, including Britain, are thought to tacitly support the idea, others including Germany and the U.S. are reluctant.

U.S. President Joe Biden has allowed Ukraine to fire U.S.-provided missiles into Russia in self-defense, but the distance has been largely limited to cross-border targets deemed a direct threat, out of concerns about further escalating the conflict.

Burns said the West should be “mindful” of the escalation risk but not be “unnecessarily intimidated” by Russian saber-rattling, revealing that there was a moment in late 2022 when there was a “genuine risk of the use of tactical nuclear weapons” by Moscow.

He also warned of the growing and “troubling” defense relationship between Russia, China, Iran and North Korea that he said threatens both Ukraine and Western allies in the Middle East. North Korea has sent ammunition and missiles to Russia to use against Ukraine, while Iran supplies Moscow with attack drones.

Burns said the CIA had yet to see evidence of China sending weapons to Russia, “but we see lot of things short of that.” And he warned Iran against supplying ballistic missiles to Moscow, saying “it would be a dramatic escalation” of the relationship.

He did not say whether such missiles had already been sent. But two people familiar with the matter said the United States has told allies that it believes Tehran has transferred short-range ballistic missiles to Russia. They spoke on condition of anonymity to discuss a matter that has not been publicly disclosed.

Ahead of their joint appearance at the FT Weekend Festival at London’s Kenwood House, the two spymasters wrote an opinion piece for the Financial Times, calling for a cease-fire in Israel’s war against Hamas and saying their agencies had “exploited our intelligence channels to push hard for restraint and de-escalation.”

Burns has been heavily involved in efforts to broker an end to the fighting, traveling to Egypt in August for high-level talks aimed at bringing about a hostage deal and at least a temporary halt to the conflict.

So far there has been no agreement, though United States officials insist a deal is close. Biden said recently that “just a couple more issues” remain unresolved. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, however, has said reports of a breakthrough are “exactly inaccurate.”

“I cannot tell you how close we are right now,” Burns told the London audience. He said negotiators are working on new, detailed proposals that would be presented within several days.

Burns said that while 90% of the text has been agreed between the warring sides, “the last 10% is the last 10% for a reason, because it’s the hardest part to do.”

Burns said ending the conflict would require “some hard choices and some difficult compromises” from both Israel and Hamas.

The U.S. and the United Kingdom are both staunch allies of Israel, though London diverged from Washington on Monday by suspending some arms exports to Israel because of the risk they could be used to break international law.

The intelligence chiefs’ speech came ahead of a busy week of trans-Atlantic diplomacy that includes a meeting in Washington between Biden and British Prime Minister Keir Starmer. The White House said the talks would touch on Ukraine, Gaza and other issues.

In another sign of the intensification of the “special relationship,” U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken will also travel to London early next week for talks with British Foreign Secretary David Lammy and other officials.

The State Department said Blinken would participate in the U.S.-U.K. strategic dialogue on Monday and Tuesday that will cover Ukraine, the Middle East, China and the Indo-Pacific.

In their article, Burns and Moore stressed the strength of the trans-Atlantic relationship in the face of “an unprecedented array of threats,” including an assertive Russia, an ever-more powerful China and the constant drumbeat of international terrorism — all complicated by rapid technological change.

They highlighted Russia’s “reckless campaign of sabotage” across Europe and the “cynical use of technology to spread lies and disinformation designed to drive wedges between us.”

U.S. officials have long accused Moscow of meddling in American elections , and this week the Biden administration seized Kremlin-run websites and charged employees of Russian broadcaster RT with covertly funding social media campaigns to pump out pro-Kremlin messages and sow discord around November’s presidential contest.

Russia has also been linked by Western officials to several planned attacks in Europe, including an alleged plot to burn down Ukrainian-owned businesses in London.

Moore said Russia’s spies were acting in an increasingly desperate and reckless way.

The “Russian intelligence service has gone a bit feral,” he said.

Associated Press writers Aamer Madhani, Zeke Miller and Matthew Lee in Washington contributed to this report.

Have a language expert improve your writing

Run a free plagiarism check in 10 minutes, generate accurate citations for free.

• Knowledge Base
• Example of a great essay | Explanations, tips & tricks

Example of a Great Essay | Explanations, Tips & Tricks

Published on February 9, 2015 by Shane Bryson . Revised on July 23, 2023 by Shona McCombes.

This example guides you through the structure of an essay. It shows how to build an effective introduction , focused paragraphs , clear transitions between ideas, and a strong conclusion .

Each paragraph addresses a single central point, introduced by a topic sentence , and each point is directly related to the thesis statement .

As you read, hover over the highlighted parts to learn what they do and why they work.

Instantly correct all language mistakes in your text

Upload your document to correct all your mistakes in minutes

Table of contents

Other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about writing an essay, an appeal to the senses: the development of the braille system in nineteenth-century france.

The invention of Braille was a major turning point in the history of disability. The writing system of raised dots used by visually impaired people was developed by Louis Braille in nineteenth-century France. In a society that did not value disabled people in general, blindness was particularly stigmatized, and lack of access to reading and writing was a significant barrier to social participation. The idea of tactile reading was not entirely new, but existing methods based on sighted systems were difficult to learn and use. As the first writing system designed for blind people’s needs, Braille was a groundbreaking new accessibility tool. It not only provided practical benefits, but also helped change the cultural status of blindness. This essay begins by discussing the situation of blind people in nineteenth-century Europe. It then describes the invention of Braille and the gradual process of its acceptance within blind education. Subsequently, it explores the wide-ranging effects of this invention on blind people’s social and cultural lives.

Lack of access to reading and writing put blind people at a serious disadvantage in nineteenth-century society. Text was one of the primary methods through which people engaged with culture, communicated with others, and accessed information; without a well-developed reading system that did not rely on sight, blind people were excluded from social participation (Weygand, 2009). While disabled people in general suffered from discrimination, blindness was widely viewed as the worst disability, and it was commonly believed that blind people were incapable of pursuing a profession or improving themselves through culture (Weygand, 2009). This demonstrates the importance of reading and writing to social status at the time: without access to text, it was considered impossible to fully participate in society. Blind people were excluded from the sighted world, but also entirely dependent on sighted people for information and education.

In France, debates about how to deal with disability led to the adoption of different strategies over time. While people with temporary difficulties were able to access public welfare, the most common response to people with long-term disabilities, such as hearing or vision loss, was to group them together in institutions (Tombs, 1996). At first, a joint institute for the blind and deaf was created, and although the partnership was motivated more by financial considerations than by the well-being of the residents, the institute aimed to help people develop skills valuable to society (Weygand, 2009). Eventually blind institutions were separated from deaf institutions, and the focus shifted towards education of the blind, as was the case for the Royal Institute for Blind Youth, which Louis Braille attended (Jimenez et al, 2009). The growing acknowledgement of the uniqueness of different disabilities led to more targeted education strategies, fostering an environment in which the benefits of a specifically blind education could be more widely recognized.

Several different systems of tactile reading can be seen as forerunners to the method Louis Braille developed, but these systems were all developed based on the sighted system. The Royal Institute for Blind Youth in Paris taught the students to read embossed roman letters, a method created by the school’s founder, Valentin Hauy (Jimenez et al., 2009). Reading this way proved to be a rather arduous task, as the letters were difficult to distinguish by touch. The embossed letter method was based on the reading system of sighted people, with minimal adaptation for those with vision loss. As a result, this method did not gain significant success among blind students.

Louis Braille was bound to be influenced by his school’s founder, but the most influential pre-Braille tactile reading system was Charles Barbier’s night writing. A soldier in Napoleon’s army, Barbier developed a system in 1819 that used 12 dots with a five line musical staff (Kersten, 1997). His intention was to develop a system that would allow the military to communicate at night without the need for light (Herron, 2009). The code developed by Barbier was phonetic (Jimenez et al., 2009); in other words, the code was designed for sighted people and was based on the sounds of words, not on an actual alphabet. Barbier discovered that variants of raised dots within a square were the easiest method of reading by touch (Jimenez et al., 2009). This system proved effective for the transmission of short messages between military personnel, but the symbols were too large for the fingertip, greatly reducing the speed at which a message could be read (Herron, 2009). For this reason, it was unsuitable for daily use and was not widely adopted in the blind community.

Nevertheless, Barbier’s military dot system was more efficient than Hauy’s embossed letters, and it provided the framework within which Louis Braille developed his method. Barbier’s system, with its dashes and dots, could form over 4000 combinations (Jimenez et al., 2009). Compared to the 26 letters of the Latin alphabet, this was an absurdly high number. Braille kept the raised dot form, but developed a more manageable system that would reflect the sighted alphabet. He replaced Barbier’s dashes and dots with just six dots in a rectangular configuration (Jimenez et al., 2009). The result was that the blind population in France had a tactile reading system using dots (like Barbier’s) that was based on the structure of the sighted alphabet (like Hauy’s); crucially, this system was the first developed specifically for the purposes of the blind.

While the Braille system gained immediate popularity with the blind students at the Institute in Paris, it had to gain acceptance among the sighted before its adoption throughout France. This support was necessary because sighted teachers and leaders had ultimate control over the propagation of Braille resources. Many of the teachers at the Royal Institute for Blind Youth resisted learning Braille’s system because they found the tactile method of reading difficult to learn (Bullock & Galst, 2009). This resistance was symptomatic of the prevalent attitude that the blind population had to adapt to the sighted world rather than develop their own tools and methods. Over time, however, with the increasing impetus to make social contribution possible for all, teachers began to appreciate the usefulness of Braille’s system (Bullock & Galst, 2009), realizing that access to reading could help improve the productivity and integration of people with vision loss. It took approximately 30 years, but the French government eventually approved the Braille system, and it was established throughout the country (Bullock & Galst, 2009).

Although Blind people remained marginalized throughout the nineteenth century, the Braille system granted them growing opportunities for social participation. Most obviously, Braille allowed people with vision loss to read the same alphabet used by sighted people (Bullock & Galst, 2009), allowing them to participate in certain cultural experiences previously unavailable to them. Written works, such as books and poetry, had previously been inaccessible to the blind population without the aid of a reader, limiting their autonomy. As books began to be distributed in Braille, this barrier was reduced, enabling people with vision loss to access information autonomously. The closing of the gap between the abilities of blind and the sighted contributed to a gradual shift in blind people’s status, lessening the cultural perception of the blind as essentially different and facilitating greater social integration.

The Braille system also had important cultural effects beyond the sphere of written culture. Its invention later led to the development of a music notation system for the blind, although Louis Braille did not develop this system himself (Jimenez, et al., 2009). This development helped remove a cultural obstacle that had been introduced by the popularization of written musical notation in the early 1500s. While music had previously been an arena in which the blind could participate on equal footing, the transition from memory-based performance to notation-based performance meant that blind musicians were no longer able to compete with sighted musicians (Kersten, 1997). As a result, a tactile musical notation system became necessary for professional equality between blind and sighted musicians (Kersten, 1997).

Braille paved the way for dramatic cultural changes in the way blind people were treated and the opportunities available to them. Louis Braille’s innovation was to reimagine existing reading systems from a blind perspective, and the success of this invention required sighted teachers to adapt to their students’ reality instead of the other way around. In this sense, Braille helped drive broader social changes in the status of blindness. New accessibility tools provide practical advantages to those who need them, but they can also change the perspectives and attitudes of those who do not.

Bullock, J. D., & Galst, J. M. (2009). The Story of Louis Braille. Archives of Ophthalmology , 127(11), 1532. https://​doi.org/10.1001/​archophthalmol.2009.286.

Herron, M. (2009, May 6). Blind visionary. Retrieved from https://​eandt.theiet.org/​content/​articles/2009/05/​blind-visionary/.

Jiménez, J., Olea, J., Torres, J., Alonso, I., Harder, D., & Fischer, K. (2009). Biography of Louis Braille and Invention of the Braille Alphabet. Survey of Ophthalmology , 54(1), 142–149. https://​doi.org/10.1016/​j.survophthal.2008.10.006.

Kersten, F.G. (1997). The history and development of Braille music methodology. The Bulletin of Historical Research in Music Education , 18(2). Retrieved from https://​www.jstor.org/​stable/40214926.

Mellor, C.M. (2006). Louis Braille: A touch of genius . Boston: National Braille Press.

Tombs, R. (1996). France: 1814-1914 . London: Pearson Education Ltd.

Weygand, Z. (2009). The blind in French society from the Middle Ages to the century of Louis Braille . Stanford: Stanford University Press.

If you want to know more about AI tools , college essays , or fallacies make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples or go directly to our tools!

• Ad hominem fallacy
• Post hoc fallacy
• Appeal to authority fallacy
• False cause fallacy
• Sunk cost fallacy

College essays

• Choosing Essay Topic
• Write a College Essay
• Write a Diversity Essay
• College Essay Format & Structure
• Comparing and Contrasting in an Essay

 (AI) Tools

• Grammar Checker
• Paraphrasing Tool
• Text Summarizer
• AI Detector
• Plagiarism Checker
• Citation Generator

Here's why students love Scribbr's proofreading services

Discover proofreading & editing

An essay is a focused piece of writing that explains, argues, describes, or narrates.

In high school, you may have to write many different types of essays to develop your writing skills.

Academic essays at college level are usually argumentative : you develop a clear thesis about your topic and make a case for your position using evidence, analysis and interpretation.

The structure of an essay is divided into an introduction that presents your topic and thesis statement , a body containing your in-depth analysis and arguments, and a conclusion wrapping up your ideas.

The structure of the body is flexible, but you should always spend some time thinking about how you can organize your essay to best serve your ideas.

Your essay introduction should include three main things, in this order:

• An opening hook to catch the reader’s attention.
• Relevant background information that the reader needs to know.
• A thesis statement that presents your main point or argument.

The length of each part depends on the length and complexity of your essay .

A thesis statement is a sentence that sums up the central point of your paper or essay . Everything else you write should relate to this key idea.

A topic sentence is a sentence that expresses the main point of a paragraph . Everything else in the paragraph should relate to the topic sentence.

At college level, you must properly cite your sources in all essays , research papers , and other academic texts (except exams and in-class exercises).

Add a citation whenever you quote , paraphrase , or summarize information or ideas from a source. You should also give full source details in a bibliography or reference list at the end of your text.

The exact format of your citations depends on which citation style you are instructed to use. The most common styles are APA , MLA , and Chicago .

Cite this Scribbr article

If you want to cite this source, you can copy and paste the citation or click the “Cite this Scribbr article” button to automatically add the citation to our free Citation Generator.

Bryson, S. (2023, July 23). Example of a Great Essay | Explanations, Tips & Tricks. Scribbr. Retrieved September 9, 2024, from https://www.scribbr.com/academic-essay/example-essay-structure/

Is this article helpful?

Shane Bryson

Shane finished his master's degree in English literature in 2013 and has been working as a writing tutor and editor since 2009. He began proofreading and editing essays with Scribbr in early summer, 2014.

Other students also liked

How to write an essay introduction | 4 steps & examples, academic paragraph structure | step-by-step guide & examples, how to write topic sentences | 4 steps, examples & purpose, what is your plagiarism score.

• Share full article

Advertisement

Supported by

Should We Refrain From Gossip?

More from our inbox:.

• Politics, Protest and Harassment on Campus
• China’s New Adoption Policy
• Trump the Fixer
• Get a Hearing Test

To the Editor:

Re “ Gossip: It’s Fun, It’s Natural, and These People Won’t Do It ,” by Michal Leibowitz (Opinion guest essay, Aug. 31):

Ms. Leibowitz assumes that the majority of “gossip” — talking about people who are not there — is negative. Certainly, curb or eliminate your need to endlessly complain about small grievances.

However, taking away the opportunity for a friend to say that an issue with your partner is normal and will pass, or not normal and cause for concern, or that a colleague is taking advantage of younger employees and may need to be stopped, or passing along something amazing that happened to a friend and inspires you, would trap all of us in the locked room of our own brains, without windows, endlessly circulating our own stale thoughts.

Talking about other people — problems, joys, sadnesses, successes — is how we understand ourselves, and when done thoughtfully, is empowering. Stories about other people have been the bedrock of society since people could communicate. They help us evolve, grow and thrive. No, we should not stop gossiping.

Phoebe Millerwhite Claremont, Calif.

I absolutely love this essay because it speaks to me at a time when I’m grappling with the true meaning of friendship.

I’ve found that gossip is a quick way to bond with new friends, whether they are male or female, but these connections don’t stand the test of time. Gossip is fleeting anyway, much like a sugar high; it comes and goes just like that. To be honest, it has sometimes given me a temporary boost by making me feel better about myself, as if seeing others’ flaws, struggles or even suffering somehow validates my own feelings.

For years, I’ve avoided refined sugar because of its harmful effects on health, and I’ve come to see gossip in a similar way. Completely eliminating it will be challenging, but I’m committed to significantly reducing my involvement.

Quiz: Do You Have Healthy Brain Habits?

These 12 questions can help assess your risk for dementia, stroke and depression, and identify ways to reduce it.

We are having trouble retrieving the article content.

Please enable JavaScript in your browser settings.

Thank you for your patience while we verify access. If you are in Reader mode please exit and  log into  your Times account, or  subscribe  for all of The Times.

Thank you for your patience while we verify access.

Already a subscriber?  Log in .

Want all of The Times?  Subscribe .

Republican presidential nominee, former U.S. President Donald Trump speaks as Democratic presidential nominee, U.S. Vice President Kamala Harris listens as they attend a presidential debate hosted by ABC in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S., September 10, 2024. REUTERS/Brian Snyder

US presidential debate highlights: Harris riled Trump on abortion, economy and foreign policy

Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles. , opens new tab

Thomson Reuters

Live Page editor. A text and video journalist based in London, Stephen is a former Reuters bureau chief in Jerusalem. He was previously a foreign correspondent for The New York Times and The Times of London. He reported from the Balkans, Iraq, India, Afghanistan, New York and the UK. He is co-author of the book 'Hamas: The Islamic Resistance Movement’.

Farouq reports on general news across the United Kingdom and Ireland.

Kylie works on the UK Breaking News team, reporting on key developments in political, economic and general news. Previously she was based in Westminster as a UK political correspondent for eight years, a period which included the Scottish independence referendum, Brexit and several general elections. She joined Reuters as a graduate trainee in 2008 and has also covered investment banking.