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Radiology Thesis – More than 400 Research Topics (2022)!

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Introduction

A thesis or dissertation, as some people would like to call it, is an integral part of the Radiology curriculum, be it MD, DNB, or DMRD. We have tried to aggregate radiology thesis topics from various sources for reference.

Not everyone is interested in research, and writing a Radiology thesis can be daunting. But there is no escape from preparing, so it is better that you accept this bitter truth and start working on it instead of cribbing about it (like other things in life. #PhilosophyGyan!)

Start working on your thesis as early as possible and finish your thesis well before your exams, so you do not have that stress at the back of your mind. Also, your thesis may need multiple revisions, so be prepared and allocate time accordingly.

Tips for Choosing Radiology Thesis and Research Topics

Keep it simple silly (kiss).

Retrospective > Prospective

Retrospective studies are better than prospective ones, as you already have the data you need when choosing to do a retrospective study. Prospective studies are better quality, but as a resident, you may not have time (, energy and enthusiasm) to complete these.

Choose a simple topic that answers a single/few questions

Original research is challenging, especially if you do not have prior experience. I would suggest you choose a topic that answers a single or few questions. Most topics that I have listed are along those lines. Alternatively, you can choose a broad topic such as “Role of MRI in evaluation of perianal fistulas.”

You can choose a novel topic if you are genuinely interested in research AND have a good mentor who will guide you. Once you have done that, make sure that you publish your study once you are done with it.

Get it done ASAP.

In most cases, it makes sense to stick to a thesis topic that will not take much time. That does not mean you should ignore your thesis and ‘Ctrl C + Ctrl V’ from a friend from another university. Thesis writing is your first step toward research methodology so do it as sincerely as possible. Do not procrastinate in preparing the thesis. As soon as you have been allotted a guide, start researching topics and writing a review of the literature.

At the same time, do not invest a lot of time in writing/collecting data for your thesis. You should not be busy finishing your thesis a few months before the exam. Some people could not appear for the exam because they could not submit their thesis in time. So DO NOT TAKE thesis lightly.

Do NOT Copy-Paste

Reiterating once again, do not simply choose someone else’s thesis topic. Find out what are kind of cases that your Hospital caters to. It is better to do a good thesis on a common topic than a crappy one on a rare one.

Books to help you write a Radiology Thesis

Event country/university has a different format for thesis; hence these book recommendations may not work for everyone.

How to Write the Thesis and Thesis Protocol: A Primer for Medical, Dental, and Nursing Courses: A Primer for Medical, Dental and Nursing Courses

Amazon Kindle Edition
Gupta, Piyush (Author)
English (Publication Language)
206 Pages - 10/12/2020 (Publication Date) - Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. (Publisher)

In A Hurry? Download a PDF list of Radiology Research Topics!

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List of Radiology Research /Thesis / Dissertation Topics

State of the art of MRI in the diagnosis of hepatic focal lesions
Multimodality imaging evaluation of sacroiliitis in newly diagnosed patients of spondyloarthropathy
Multidetector computed tomography in oesophageal varices
Role of positron emission tomography with computed tomography in the diagnosis of cancer Thyroid
Evaluation of focal breast lesions using ultrasound elastography
Role of MRI diffusion tensor imaging in the assessment of traumatic spinal cord injuries
Sonographic imaging in male infertility
Comparison of color Doppler and digital subtraction angiography in occlusive arterial disease in patients with lower limb ischemia
The role of CT urography in Haematuria
Role of functional magnetic resonance imaging in making brain tumor surgery safer
Prediction of pre-eclampsia and fetal growth restriction by uterine artery Doppler
Role of grayscale and color Doppler ultrasonography in the evaluation of neonatal cholestasis
Validity of MRI in the diagnosis of congenital anorectal anomalies
Role of sonography in assessment of clubfoot
Role of diffusion MRI in preoperative evaluation of brain neoplasms
Imaging of upper airways for pre-anaesthetic evaluation purposes and for laryngeal afflictions.
A study of multivessel (arterial and venous) Doppler velocimetry in intrauterine growth restriction
Multiparametric 3tesla MRI of suspected prostatic malignancy.
Role of Sonography in Characterization of Thyroid Nodules for differentiating benign from
Role of advances magnetic resonance imaging sequences in multiple sclerosis
Role of multidetector computed tomography in evaluation of jaw lesions
Role of Ultrasound and MR Imaging in the Evaluation of Musculotendinous Pathologies of Shoulder Joint
Role of perfusion computed tomography in the evaluation of cerebral blood flow, blood volume and vascular permeability of cerebral neoplasms
MRI flow quantification in the assessment of the commonest csf flow abnormalities
Role of diffusion-weighted MRI in evaluation of prostate lesions and its histopathological correlation
CT enterography in evaluation of small bowel disorders
Comparison of perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (PMRI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in and positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) in post radiotherapy treated gliomas to detect recurrence
Role of multidetector computed tomography in evaluation of paediatric retroperitoneal masses
Role of Multidetector computed tomography in neck lesions
Estimation of standard liver volume in Indian population
Role of MRI in evaluation of spinal trauma
Role of modified sonohysterography in female factor infertility: a pilot study.
The role of pet-CT in the evaluation of hepatic tumors
Role of 3D magnetic resonance imaging tractography in assessment of white matter tracts compromise in supratentorial tumors
Role of dual phase multidetector computed tomography in gallbladder lesions
Role of multidetector computed tomography in assessing anatomical variants of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses in patients of chronic rhinosinusitis.
magnetic resonance spectroscopy in multiple sclerosis
Evaluation of thyroid nodules by ultrasound elastography using acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) imaging
Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Intractable Epilepsy
Evaluation of suspected and known coronary artery disease by 128 slice multidetector CT.
Role of regional diffusion tensor imaging in the evaluation of intracranial gliomas and its histopathological correlation
Role of chest sonography in diagnosing pneumothorax
Role of CT virtual cystoscopy in diagnosis of urinary bladder neoplasia
Role of MRI in assessment of valvular heart diseases
High resolution computed tomography of temporal bone in unsafe chronic suppurative otitis media
Multidetector CT urography in the evaluation of hematuria
Contrast-induced nephropathy in diagnostic imaging investigations with intravenous iodinated contrast media
Comparison of dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced perfusion magnetic resonance imaging and single photon emission computed tomography in patients with little’s disease
Role of Multidetector Computed Tomography in Bowel Lesions.
Role of diagnostic imaging modalities in evaluation of post liver transplantation recipient complications.
Role of multislice CT scan and barium swallow in the estimation of oesophageal tumour length
Malignant Lesions-A Prospective Study.
Value of ultrasonography in assessment of acute abdominal diseases in pediatric age group
Role of three dimensional multidetector CT hysterosalpingography in female factor infertility
Comparative evaluation of multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) virtual tracheo-bronchoscopy and fiberoptic tracheo-bronchoscopy in airway diseases
Role of Multidetector CT in the evaluation of small bowel obstruction
Sonographic evaluation in adhesive capsulitis of shoulder
Utility of MR Urography Versus Conventional Techniques in Obstructive Uropathy
MRI of the postoperative knee
Role of 64 slice-multi detector computed tomography in diagnosis of bowel and mesenteric injury in blunt abdominal trauma.
Sonoelastography and triphasic computed tomography in the evaluation of focal liver lesions
Evaluation of Role of Transperineal Ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Urinary Stress incontinence in Women
Multidetector computed tomographic features of abdominal hernias
Evaluation of lesions of major salivary glands using ultrasound elastography
Transvaginal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging in female urinary incontinence
MDCT colonography and double-contrast barium enema in evaluation of colonic lesions
Role of MRI in diagnosis and staging of urinary bladder carcinoma
Spectrum of imaging findings in children with febrile neutropenia.
Spectrum of radiographic appearances in children with chest tuberculosis.
Role of computerized tomography in evaluation of mediastinal masses in pediatric
Diagnosing renal artery stenosis: Comparison of multimodality imaging in diabetic patients
Role of multidetector CT virtual hysteroscopy in the detection of the uterine & tubal causes of female infertility
Role of multislice computed tomography in evaluation of crohn’s disease
CT quantification of parenchymal and airway parameters on 64 slice MDCT in patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Comparative evaluation of MDCT and 3t MRI in radiographically detected jaw lesions.
Evaluation of diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography, colour Doppler sonography and low dose computed tomography in acute appendicitis
Ultrasonography , magnetic resonance cholangio-pancreatography (MRCP) in assessment of pediatric biliary lesions
Multidetector computed tomography in hepatobiliary lesions.
Evaluation of peripheral nerve lesions with high resolution ultrasonography and colour Doppler
Multidetector computed tomography in pancreatic lesions
Multidetector Computed Tomography in Paediatric abdominal masses.
Evaluation of focal liver lesions by colour Doppler and MDCT perfusion imaging
Sonographic evaluation of clubfoot correction during Ponseti treatment
Role of multidetector CT in characterization of renal masses
Study to assess the role of Doppler ultrasound in evaluation of arteriovenous (av) hemodialysis fistula and the complications of hemodialysis vasular access
Comparative study of multiphasic contrast-enhanced CT and contrast-enhanced MRI in the evaluation of hepatic mass lesions
Sonographic spectrum of rheumatoid arthritis
Diagnosis & staging of liver fibrosis by ultrasound elastography in patients with chronic liver diseases
Role of multidetector computed tomography in assessment of jaw lesions.
Role of high-resolution ultrasonography in the differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid lesions
Radiological evaluation of aortic aneurysms in patients selected for endovascular repair
Role of conventional MRI, and diffusion tensor imaging tractography in evaluation of congenital brain malformations
To evaluate the status of coronary arteries in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation using 256 multirow detector CT scan
A comparative study of ultrasonography and CT – arthrography in diagnosis of chronic ligamentous and meniscal injuries of knee
Multi detector computed tomography evaluation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and correlation with severity of disease
Diffusion weighted and dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in chemoradiotherapeutic response evaluation in cervical cancer.
High resolution sonography in the evaluation of non-traumatic painful wrist
The role of trans-vaginal ultrasound versus magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosis & evaluation of cancer cervix
Role of multidetector row computed tomography in assessment of maxillofacial trauma
Imaging of vascular complication after liver transplantation.
Role of magnetic resonance perfusion weighted imaging & spectroscopy for grading of glioma by correlating perfusion parameter of the lesion with the final histopathological grade
Magnetic resonance evaluation of abdominal tuberculosis.
Diagnostic usefulness of low dose spiral HRCT in diffuse lung diseases
Role of dynamic contrast enhanced and diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging in evaluation of endometrial lesions
Contrast enhanced digital mammography anddigital breast tomosynthesis in early diagnosis of breast lesion
Evaluation of Portal Hypertension with Colour Doppler flow imaging and magnetic resonance imaging
Evaluation of musculoskeletal lesions by magnetic resonance imaging
Role of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging in assessment of neoplastic and inflammatory brain lesions
Radiological spectrum of chest diseases in HIV infected children High resolution ultrasonography in neck masses in children
with surgical findings
Sonographic evaluation of peripheral nerves in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Role of perfusion computed tomography in the evaluation of neck masses and correlation
Role of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of knee joint lesions
Role of ultrasonography in evaluation of various causes of pelvic pain in first trimester of pregnancy.
Role of Magnetic Resonance Angiography in the Evaluation of Diseases of Aorta and its Branches
MDCT fistulography in evaluation of fistula in Ano
Role of multislice CT in diagnosis of small intestine tumors
Role of high resolution CT in differentiation between benign and malignant pulmonary nodules in children
A study of multidetector computed tomography urography in urinary tract abnormalities
Role of high resolution sonography in assessment of ulnar nerve in patients with leprosy.
Pre-operative radiological evaluation of locally aggressive and malignant musculoskeletal tumours by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.
The role of ultrasound & MRI in acute pelvic inflammatory disease
Ultrasonography compared to computed tomographic arthrography in the evaluation of shoulder pain
Role of Multidetector Computed Tomography in patients with blunt abdominal trauma.
The Role of Extended field-of-view Sonography and compound imaging in Evaluation of Breast Lesions
Evaluation of focal pancreatic lesions by Multidetector CT and perfusion CT
Evaluation of breast masses on sono-mammography and colour Doppler imaging
Role of CT virtual laryngoscopy in evaluation of laryngeal masses
Triple phase multi detector computed tomography in hepatic masses
Role of transvaginal ultrasound in diagnosis and treatment of female infertility
Role of ultrasound and color Doppler imaging in assessment of acute abdomen due to female genetal causes
High resolution ultrasonography and color Doppler ultrasonography in scrotal lesion
Evaluation of diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography with colour Doppler vs low dose computed tomography in salivary gland disease
Role of multidetector CT in diagnosis of salivary gland lesions
Comparison of diagnostic efficacy of ultrasonography and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography in obstructive jaundice: A prospective study
Evaluation of varicose veins-comparative assessment of low dose CT venogram with sonography: pilot study
Role of mammotome in breast lesions
The role of interventional imaging procedures in the treatment of selected gynecological disorders
Role of transcranial ultrasound in diagnosis of neonatal brain insults
Role of multidetector CT virtual laryngoscopy in evaluation of laryngeal mass lesions
Evaluation of adnexal masses on sonomorphology and color Doppler imaginig
Role of radiological imaging in diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma
Comprehensive imaging of renal masses by magnetic resonance imaging
The role of 3D & 4D ultrasonography in abnormalities of fetal abdomen
Diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosis and characterization of brain tumors in correlation with conventional MRI
Role of diffusion weighted MRI imaging in evaluation of cancer prostate
Role of multidetector CT in diagnosis of urinary bladder cancer
Role of multidetector computed tomography in the evaluation of paediatric retroperitoneal masses.
Comparative evaluation of gastric lesions by double contrast barium upper G.I. and multi detector computed tomography
Evaluation of hepatic fibrosis in chronic liver disease using ultrasound elastography
Role of MRI in assessment of hydrocephalus in pediatric patients
The role of sonoelastography in characterization of breast lesions
The influence of volumetric tumor doubling time on survival of patients with intracranial tumours
Role of perfusion computed tomography in characterization of colonic lesions
Role of proton MRI spectroscopy in the evaluation of temporal lobe epilepsy
Role of Doppler ultrasound and multidetector CT angiography in evaluation of peripheral arterial diseases.
Role of multidetector computed tomography in paranasal sinus pathologies
Role of virtual endoscopy using MDCT in detection & evaluation of gastric pathologies
High resolution 3 Tesla MRI in the evaluation of ankle and hindfoot pain.
Transperineal ultrasonography in infants with anorectal malformation
CT portography using MDCT versus color Doppler in detection of varices in cirrhotic patients
Role of CT urography in the evaluation of a dilated ureter
Characterization of pulmonary nodules by dynamic contrast-enhanced multidetector CT
Comprehensive imaging of acute ischemic stroke on multidetector CT
The role of fetal MRI in the diagnosis of intrauterine neurological congenital anomalies
Role of Multidetector computed tomography in pediatric chest masses
Multimodality imaging in the evaluation of palpable & non-palpable breast lesion.
Sonographic Assessment Of Fetal Nasal Bone Length At 11-28 Gestational Weeks And Its Correlation With Fetal Outcome.
Role Of Sonoelastography And Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography In Evaluation Of Lymph Node Metastasis In Head And Neck Cancers
Role Of Renal Doppler And Shear Wave Elastography In Diabetic Nephropathy
Evaluation Of Relationship Between Various Grades Of Fatty Liver And Shear Wave Elastography Values
Evaluation and characterization of pelvic masses of gynecological origin by USG, color Doppler and MRI in females of reproductive age group
Radiological evaluation of small bowel diseases using computed tomographic enterography
Role of coronary CT angiography in patients of coronary artery disease
Role of multimodality imaging in the evaluation of pediatric neck masses
Role of CT in the evaluation of craniocerebral trauma
Role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the evaluation of spinal dysraphism
Comparative evaluation of triple phase CT and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in patients with liver cirrhosis
Evaluation of the relationship between carotid intima-media thickness and coronary artery disease in patients evaluated by coronary angiography for suspected CAD
Assessment of hepatic fat content in fatty liver disease by unenhanced computed tomography
Correlation of vertebral marrow fat on spectroscopy and diffusion-weighted MRI imaging with bone mineral density in postmenopausal women.
Comparative evaluation of CT coronary angiography with conventional catheter coronary angiography
Ultrasound evaluation of kidney length & descending colon diameter in normal and intrauterine growth-restricted fetuses
A prospective study of hepatic vein waveform and splenoportal index in liver cirrhosis: correlation with child Pugh’s classification and presence of esophageal varices.
CT angiography to evaluate coronary artery by-pass graft patency in symptomatic patient’s functional assessment of myocardium by cardiac MRI in patients with myocardial infarction
MRI evaluation of HIV positive patients with central nervous system manifestations
MDCT evaluation of mediastinal and hilar masses
Evaluation of rotator cuff & labro-ligamentous complex lesions by MRI & MRI arthrography of shoulder joint
Role of imaging in the evaluation of soft tissue vascular malformation
Role of MRI and ultrasonography in the evaluation of multifidus muscle pathology in chronic low back pain patients
Role of ultrasound elastography in the differential diagnosis of breast lesions
Role of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography in evaluating dilated common bile duct in patients with symptomatic gallstone disease.
Comparative study of CT urography & hybrid CT urography in patients with haematuria.
Role of MRI in the evaluation of anorectal malformations
Comparison of ultrasound-Doppler and magnetic resonance imaging findings in rheumatoid arthritis of hand and wrist
Role of Doppler sonography in the evaluation of renal artery stenosis in hypertensive patients undergoing coronary angiography for coronary artery disease.
Comparison of radiography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in the detection of sacroiliitis in ankylosing spondylitis.
Mr evaluation of painful hip
Role of MRI imaging in pretherapeutic assessment of oral and oropharyngeal malignancy
Evaluation of diffuse lung diseases by high resolution computed tomography of the chest
Mr evaluation of brain parenchyma in patients with craniosynostosis.
Diagnostic and prognostic value of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in dilated cardiomyopathy
Role of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging in the detection of early carcinoma prostate
Role of magnetic resonance imaging in white matter diseases
Role of sonoelastography in assessing the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced breast cancer.
Role of ultrasonography in the evaluation of carotid and femoral intima-media thickness in predialysis patients with chronic kidney disease
Role of H1 MRI spectroscopy in focal bone lesions of peripheral skeleton choline detection by MRI spectroscopy in breast cancer and its correlation with biomarkers and histological grade.
Ultrasound and MRI evaluation of axillary lymph node status in breast cancer.
Role of sonography and magnetic resonance imaging in evaluating chronic lateral epicondylitis.
Comparative of sonography including Doppler and sonoelastography in cervical lymphadenopathy.
Evaluation of Umbilical Coiling Index as Predictor of Pregnancy Outcome.
Computerized Tomographic Evaluation of Azygoesophageal Recess in Adults.
Lumbar Facet Arthropathy in Low Backache.
“Urethral Injuries After Pelvic Trauma: Evaluation with Uretrography
Role Of Ct In Diagnosis Of Inflammatory Renal Diseases
Role Of Ct Virtual Laryngoscopy In Evaluation Of Laryngeal Masses
“Ct Portography Using Mdct Versus Color Doppler In Detection Of Varices In
Cirrhotic Patients”
Role Of Multidetector Ct In Characterization Of Renal Masses
Role Of Ct Virtual Cystoscopy In Diagnosis Of Urinary Bladder Neoplasia
Role Of Multislice Ct In Diagnosis Of Small Intestine Tumors
“Mri Flow Quantification In The Assessment Of The Commonest CSF Flow Abnormalities”
“The Role Of Fetal Mri In Diagnosis Of Intrauterine Neurological CongenitalAnomalies”
Role Of Transcranial Ultrasound In Diagnosis Of Neonatal Brain Insults
“The Role Of Interventional Imaging Procedures In The Treatment Of Selected Gynecological Disorders”
Role Of Radiological Imaging In Diagnosis Of Endometrial Carcinoma
“Role Of High-Resolution Ct In Differentiation Between Benign And Malignant Pulmonary Nodules In Children”
Role Of Ultrasonography In The Diagnosis Of Knee Joint Lesions
“Role Of Diagnostic Imaging Modalities In Evaluation Of Post Liver Transplantation Recipient Complications”
“Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging In Diagnosis And
Characterization Of Brain Tumors In Correlation With Conventional Mri”
The Role Of PET-CT In The Evaluation Of Hepatic Tumors
“Role Of Computerized Tomography In Evaluation Of Mediastinal Masses In Pediatric patients”
“Trans Vaginal Ultrasound And Magnetic Resonance Imaging In Female Urinary Incontinence”
Role Of Multidetector Ct In Diagnosis Of Urinary Bladder Cancer
“Role Of Transvaginal Ultrasound In Diagnosis And Treatment Of Female Infertility”
Role Of Diffusion-Weighted Mri Imaging In Evaluation Of Cancer Prostate
“Role Of Positron Emission Tomography With Computed Tomography In Diagnosis Of Cancer Thyroid”
The Role Of CT Urography In Case Of Haematuria
“Value Of Ultrasonography In Assessment Of Acute Abdominal Diseases In Pediatric Age Group”
“Role Of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging In Making Brain Tumor Surgery Safer”
The Role Of Sonoelastography In Characterization Of Breast Lesions
“Ultrasonography, Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) In Assessment Of Pediatric Biliary Lesions”
“Role Of Ultrasound And Color Doppler Imaging In Assessment Of Acute Abdomen Due To Female Genital Causes”
“Role Of Multidetector Ct Virtual Laryngoscopy In Evaluation Of Laryngeal Mass Lesions”
MRI Of The Postoperative Knee
Role Of Mri In Assessment Of Valvular Heart Diseases
The Role Of 3D & 4D Ultrasonography In Abnormalities Of Fetal Abdomen
State Of The Art Of Mri In Diagnosis Of Hepatic Focal Lesions
Role Of Multidetector Ct In Diagnosis Of Salivary Gland Lesions
“Role Of Virtual Endoscopy Using Mdct In Detection & Evaluation Of Gastric Pathologies”
The Role Of Ultrasound & Mri In Acute Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
“Diagnosis & Staging Of Liver Fibrosis By Ultraso Und Elastography In
Patients With Chronic Liver Diseases”
Role Of Mri In Evaluation Of Spinal Trauma
Validity Of Mri In Diagnosis Of Congenital Anorectal Anomalies
Imaging Of Vascular Complication After Liver Transplantation
“Contrast-Enhanced Digital Mammography And Digital Breast Tomosynthesis In Early Diagnosis Of Breast Lesion”
Role Of Mammotome In Breast Lesions
“Role Of MRI Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) In Assessment Of Traumatic Spinal Cord Injuries”
“Prediction Of Pre-eclampsia And Fetal Growth Restriction By Uterine Artery Doppler”
“Role Of Multidetector Row Computed Tomography In Assessment Of Maxillofacial Trauma”
“Role Of Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging In Assessment Of Neoplastic And Inflammatory Brain Lesions”
Role Of Diffusion Mri In Preoperative Evaluation Of Brain Neoplasms
“Role Of Multidetector Ct Virtual Hysteroscopy In The Detection Of The
Uterine & Tubal Causes Of Female Infertility”
Role Of Advances Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sequences In Multiple Sclerosis Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy In Multiple Sclerosis
“Role Of Conventional Mri, And Diffusion Tensor Imaging Tractography In Evaluation Of Congenital Brain Malformations”
Role Of MRI In Evaluation Of Spinal Trauma
Diagnostic Role Of Diffusion-weighted MR Imaging In Neck Masses
“The Role Of Transvaginal Ultrasound Versus Magnetic Resonance Imaging In Diagnosis & Evaluation Of Cancer Cervix”
“Role Of 3d Magnetic Resonance Imaging Tractography In Assessment Of White Matter Tracts Compromise In Supra Tentorial Tumors”
Role Of Proton MR Spectroscopy In The Evaluation Of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Role Of Multislice Computed Tomography In Evaluation Of Crohn’s Disease
Role Of MRI In Assessment Of Hydrocephalus In Pediatric Patients
The Role Of MRI In Diagnosis And Staging Of Urinary Bladder Carcinoma
USG and MRI correlation of congenital CNS anomalies
HRCT in interstitial lung disease
X-Ray, CT and MRI correlation of bone tumors
“Study on the diagnostic and prognostic utility of X-Rays for cases of pulmonary tuberculosis under RNTCP”
“Role of magnetic resonance imaging in the characterization of female adnexal pathology”
“CT angiography of carotid atherosclerosis and NECT brain in cerebral ischemia, a correlative analysis”
Role of CT scan in the evaluation of paranasal sinus pathology
USG and MRI correlation on shoulder joint pathology
“Radiological evaluation of a patient presenting with extrapulmonary tuberculosis”
CT and MRI correlation in focal liver lesions”
Comparison of MDCT virtual cystoscopy with conventional cystoscopy in bladder tumors”
“Bleeding vessels in life-threatening hemoptysis: Comparison of 64 detector row CT angiography with conventional angiography prior to endovascular management”
“Role of transarterial chemoembolization in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma”
“Comparison of color flow duplex study with digital subtraction angiography in the evaluation of peripheral vascular disease”
“A Study to assess the efficacy of magnetization transfer ratio in differentiating tuberculoma from neurocysticercosis”
“MR evaluation of uterine mass lesions in correlation with transabdominal, transvaginal ultrasound using HPE as a gold standard”
“The Role of power Doppler imaging with trans rectal ultrasonogram guided prostate biopsy in the detection of prostate cancer”
“Lower limb arteries assessed with doppler angiography – A prospective comparative study with multidetector CT angiography”
“Comparison of sildenafil with papaverine in penile doppler by assessing hemodynamic changes”
“Evaluation of efficacy of sonosalphingogram for assessing tubal patency in infertile patients with hysterosalpingogram as the gold standard”
Role of CT enteroclysis in the evaluation of small bowel diseases
“MRI colonography versus conventional colonoscopy in the detection of colonic polyposis”
“Magnetic Resonance Imaging of anteroposterior diameter of the midbrain – differentiation of progressive supranuclear palsy from Parkinson disease”
“MRI Evaluation of anterior cruciate ligament tears with arthroscopic correlation”
“The Clinicoradiological profile of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis with prognostic evaluation using MR sequences”
“Role of MRI in the evaluation of pelvic floor integrity in stress incontinent patients” “Doppler ultrasound evaluation of hepatic venous waveform in portal hypertension before and after propranolol”
“Role of transrectal sonography with colour doppler and MRI in evaluation of prostatic lesions with TRUS guided biopsy correlation”
“Ultrasonographic evaluation of painful shoulders and correlation of rotator cuff pathologies and clinical examination”
“Colour Doppler Evaluation of Common Adult Hepatic tumors More Than 2 Cm with HPE and CECT Correlation”
“Clinical Relevance of MR Urethrography in Obliterative Posterior Urethral Stricture”
“Prediction of Adverse Perinatal Outcome in Growth Restricted Fetuses with Antenatal Doppler Study”
Radiological evaluation of spinal dysraphism using CT and MRI
“Evaluation of temporal bone in cholesteatoma patients by high resolution computed tomography”
“Radiological evaluation of primary brain tumours using computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging”
“Three dimensional colour doppler sonographic assessment of changes in volume and vascularity of fibroids – before and after uterine artery embolization”
“In phase opposed phase imaging of bone marrow differentiating neoplastic lesions”
“Role of dynamic MRI in replacing the isotope renogram in the functional evaluation of PUJ obstruction”
Characterization of adrenal masses with contrast-enhanced CT – washout study
A study on accuracy of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography
“Evaluation of median nerve in carpal tunnel syndrome by high-frequency ultrasound & color doppler in comparison with nerve conduction studies”
“Correlation of Agatston score in patients with obstructive and nonobstructive coronary artery disease following STEMI”
“Doppler ultrasound assessment of tumor vascularity in locally advanced breast cancer at diagnosis and following primary systemic chemotherapy.”
“Validation of two-dimensional perineal ultrasound and dynamic magnetic resonance imaging in pelvic floor dysfunction.”
“Role of MR urethrography compared to conventional urethrography in the surgical management of obliterative urethral stricture.”

Search Diagnostic Imaging Research Topics

You can also search research-related resources and direct download PDFs for radiology articles on our custom radiology search engine .

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Free Resources for Preparing Radiology Thesis

Radiology thesis topics- Benha University – Free to download thesis
Radiology thesis topics – Faculty of Medical Science Delhi
Radiology thesis topics – IPGMER
Fetal Radiology thesis Protocols
Radiology thesis and dissertation topics
Radiographics

Proofreading Your Thesis:

Make sure you use Grammarly to correct your spelling , grammar , and plagiarism for your thesis. Grammarly has affordable paid subscriptions, windows/macOS apps, and FREE browser extensions. It is an excellent tool to avoid inadvertent spelling mistakes in your research projects. It has an extensive built-in vocabulary, but you should make an account and add your own medical glossary to it.

Grammarly spelling and grammar correction app for thesis

Guidelines for Writing a Radiology Thesis:

These are general guidelines and not about radiology specifically. You can share these with colleagues from other departments as well. Special thanks to Dr. Sanjay Yadav sir for these. This section is best seen on a desktop. Here are a couple of handy presentations to start writing a thesis:

Read the general guidelines for writing a thesis (the page will take some time to load- more than 70 pages!

A format for thesis protocol with a sample patient information sheet, sample patient consent form, sample application letter for thesis, and sample certificate.

Resources and References:

Guidelines for thesis writing.
Format for thesis protocol
Thesis protocol writing guidelines DNB
Informed consent form for Research studies from AIIMS
Radiology Informed consent forms in local Indian languages.
Sample Informed Consent form for Research in Hindi
Guide to write a thesis by Dr. P R Sharma
Guidelines for thesis writing by Dr. Pulin Gupta.
Preparing MD/DNB thesis by A Indrayan
Another good thesis reference protocol

Hopefully, this post will make the tedious task of writing a Radiology thesis a little bit easier for you. Best of luck with writing your thesis and your residency too!

More guides for residents :

Guide for the MD/DMRD/DNB radiology exam!
Guide for First-Year Radiology Residents
FRCR Exam: THE Most Comprehensive Guide (2022)!
Radiology Practical Exams Questions compilation for MD/DNB/DMRD !
Radiology Exam Resources (Oral Recalls, Instruments, etc )!
Tips and Tricks for DNB/MD Radiology Practical Exam
FRCR 2B exam- Tips and Tricks !
FRCR exam preparation – An alternative take!
Why did I take up Radiology?
Radiology Conferences – A comprehensive guide!

ECR (European Congress Of Radiology)

European diploma in radiology (edir) – the complete guide.

Radiology NEET PG guide – How to select THE best college for post-graduation in Radiology (includes personal insights)!
Interventional Radiology – All Your Questions Answered!
What It Means To Be A Radiologist: A Guide For Medical Students!
Radiology Mentors for Medical Students (Post NEET-PG)
MD vs DNB Radiology: Which Path is Right for Your Career?
DNB Radiology OSCE – Tips and Tricks

More radiology resources here: Radiology resources This page will be updated regularly. Kindly leave your feedback in the comments or send us a message here . Also, you can comment below regarding your department’s thesis topics.

Note: All topics have been compiled from available online resources. If anyone has an issue with any radiology thesis topics displayed here, you can message us here , and we can delete them. These are only sample guidelines. Thesis guidelines differ from institution to institution.

Image source: Thesis complete! (2018). Flickr. Retrieved 12 August 2018, from https://www.flickr.com/photos/cowlet/354911838 by Victoria Catterson

About The Author

Dr. amar udare, md, related posts ↓.

7 thoughts on “Radiology Thesis – More than 400 Research Topics (2022)!”

Amazing & The most helpful site for Radiology residents…

Thank you for your kind comments 🙂

Dr. I saw your Tips is very amazing and referable. But Dr. Can you help me with the thesis of Evaluation of Diagnostic accuracy of X-ray radiograph in knee joint lesion.

Wow! These are excellent stuff. You are indeed a teacher. God bless

Glad you liked these!

happy to see this

Glad I could help :).

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Radiology Research Paper Topics

Radiology research paper topics encompass a wide range of fascinating areas within the field of medical imaging. This page aims to provide students studying health sciences with a comprehensive collection of radiology research paper topics to inspire and guide their research endeavors. By delving into various categories and exploring ten thought-provoking topics within each, students can gain insights into the diverse research possibilities in radiology. From advancements in imaging technology to the evaluation of diagnostic accuracy and the impact of radiological interventions, these topics offer a glimpse into the exciting world of radiology research. Additionally, expert advice is provided to help students choose the most suitable research topics and navigate the process of writing a research paper in radiology. By leveraging iResearchNet’s writing services, students can further enhance their research papers with professional assistance, ensuring the highest quality and adherence to academic standards. Explore the realm of radiology research paper topics and unleash your potential to contribute to the advancement of medical imaging and patient care.

100 Radiology Research Paper Topics

Radiology encompasses a broad spectrum of imaging techniques used to diagnose diseases, monitor treatment progress, and guide interventions. This comprehensive list of radiology research paper topics serves as a valuable resource for students in the field of health sciences who are seeking inspiration and guidance for their research endeavors. The following ten categories highlight different areas within radiology, each containing ten thought-provoking topics. Exploring these topics will provide students with a deeper understanding of the diverse research possibilities and current trends within the field of radiology.

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Diagnostic Imaging Techniques

Comparative analysis of imaging modalities: CT, MRI, and PET-CT.
The role of artificial intelligence in radiological image interpretation.
Advancements in digital mammography for breast cancer screening.
Emerging techniques in nuclear medicine imaging.
Image-guided biopsy: Enhancing accuracy and safety.
Application of radiomics in predicting treatment response.
Dual-energy CT: Expanding diagnostic capabilities.
Radiological evaluation of traumatic brain injuries.
Imaging techniques for evaluating cardiovascular diseases.
Radiographic evaluation of pulmonary nodules: Challenges and advancements.

Interventional Radiology

Minimally invasive treatments for liver tumors: Embolization techniques.
Radiofrequency ablation in the management of renal cell carcinoma.
Role of interventional radiology in the treatment of peripheral artery disease.
Transarterial chemoembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Evaluation of uterine artery embolization for the treatment of fibroids.
Percutaneous vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty: Efficacy and complications.
Endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms: Long-term outcomes.
Interventional radiology in the management of deep vein thrombosis.
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement: Imaging considerations.
Emerging techniques in interventional oncology.

Radiation Safety and Dose Optimization

Strategies for reducing radiation dose in pediatric imaging.
Imaging modalities with low radiation exposure: Current advancements.
Effective use of dose monitoring systems in radiology departments.
The impact of artificial intelligence on radiation dose optimization.
Optimization of radiation therapy treatment plans: Balancing efficacy and safety.
Radioprotective measures for patients and healthcare professionals.
The role of radiology in addressing radiation-induced risks.
Evaluating the long-term effects of radiation exposure in diagnostic imaging.
Radiation dose tracking and reporting: Implementing best practices.
Patient education and communication regarding radiation risks.

Radiology in Oncology

Imaging techniques for early detection and staging of lung cancer.
Quantitative imaging biomarkers for predicting treatment response in solid tumors.
Radiogenomics: Linking imaging features to genetic profiles in cancer.
The role of imaging in assessing tumor angiogenesis.
Radiological evaluation of lymphoma: Challenges and advancements.
Imaging-guided interventions in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Assessment of tumor heterogeneity using functional imaging techniques.
Radiomics and machine learning in predicting treatment outcomes in cancer.
Multimodal imaging in the evaluation of brain tumors.
Imaging surveillance after cancer treatment: Optimizing follow-up protocols.

Radiology in Musculoskeletal Disorders

Imaging modalities in the evaluation of sports-related injuries.
The role of imaging in diagnosing and monitoring rheumatoid arthritis.
Assessment of bone health using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).
Imaging techniques for evaluating osteoarthritis progression.
Imaging-guided interventions in the management of musculoskeletal tumors.
Role of imaging in diagnosing and managing spinal disorders.
Evaluation of traumatic injuries using radiography, CT, and MRI.
Imaging of joint prostheses: Complications and assessment techniques.
Imaging features and classifications of bone fractures.
Musculoskeletal ultrasound in the diagnosis of soft tissue injuries.

Neuroradiology

Advanced neuroimaging techniques for early detection of neurodegenerative diseases.
Imaging evaluation of acute stroke: Current guidelines and advancements.
Role of functional MRI in mapping brain functions.
Imaging of brain tumors: Classification and treatment planning.
Diffusion tensor imaging in assessing white matter integrity.
Neuroimaging in the evaluation of multiple sclerosis.
Imaging techniques for the assessment of epilepsy.
Radiological evaluation of neurovascular diseases.
Imaging of cranial nerve disorders: Diagnosis and management.
Radiological assessment of developmental brain abnormalities.

Pediatric Radiology

Radiation dose reduction strategies in pediatric imaging.
Imaging evaluation of congenital heart diseases in children.
Role of imaging in the diagnosis and management of pediatric oncology.
Imaging of pediatric gastrointestinal disorders.
Evaluation of developmental hip dysplasia using ultrasound and radiography.
Imaging features and management of pediatric musculoskeletal infections.
Neuroimaging in the assessment of pediatric neurodevelopmental disorders.
Radiological evaluation of pediatric respiratory conditions.
Imaging techniques for the evaluation of pediatric abdominal emergencies.
Imaging-guided interventions in pediatric patients.

Breast Imaging

Advances in digital mammography for early breast cancer detection.
The role of tomosynthesis in breast imaging.
Imaging evaluation of breast implants: Complications and assessment.
Radiogenomic analysis of breast cancer subtypes.
Contrast-enhanced mammography: Diagnostic benefits and challenges.
Emerging techniques in breast MRI for high-risk populations.
Evaluation of breast density and its implications for cancer risk.
Role of molecular breast imaging in dense breast tissue evaluation.
Radiological evaluation of male breast disorders.
The impact of artificial intelligence on breast cancer screening.

Cardiac Imaging

Imaging evaluation of coronary artery disease: Current techniques and challenges.
Role of cardiac CT angiography in the assessment of structural heart diseases.
Imaging of cardiac tumors: Diagnosis and treatment considerations.
Advanced imaging techniques for assessing myocardial viability.
Evaluation of valvular heart diseases using echocardiography and MRI.
Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of cardiomyopathies.
Role of nuclear cardiology in the assessment of cardiac function.
Imaging evaluation of congenital heart diseases in adults.
Radiological assessment of cardiac arrhythmias.
Imaging-guided interventions in structural heart diseases.

Abdominal and Pelvic Imaging

Evaluation of hepatobiliary diseases using imaging techniques.
Imaging features and classification of renal masses.
Radiological assessment of gastrointestinal bleeding.
Imaging evaluation of pancreatic diseases: Challenges and advancements.
Evaluation of pelvic floor disorders using MRI and ultrasound.
Role of imaging in diagnosing and staging gynecological cancers.
Imaging of abdominal and pelvic trauma: Current guidelines and techniques.
Radiological evaluation of genitourinary disorders.
Imaging features of abdominal and pelvic infections.
Assessment of abdominal and pelvic vascular diseases using imaging techniques.

This comprehensive list of radiology research paper topics highlights the vast range of research possibilities within the field of medical imaging. Each category offers unique insights and avenues for exploration, enabling students to delve into various aspects of radiology. By choosing a topic of interest and relevance, students can contribute to the advancement of medical imaging and patient care. The provided topics serve as a starting point for students to engage in in-depth research and produce high-quality research papers.

Radiology: Exploring the Range of Research Paper Topics

Introduction: Radiology plays a crucial role in modern healthcare, providing valuable insights into the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of various medical conditions. As a dynamic and rapidly evolving field, radiology offers a wide range of research opportunities for students in the health sciences. This article aims to explore the diverse spectrum of research paper topics within radiology, shedding light on the current trends, innovations, and challenges in the field.

Radiology in Diagnostic Imaging : Diagnostic imaging is one of the core areas of radiology, encompassing various modalities such as X-ray, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound, and nuclear medicine. Research topics in this domain may include advancements in imaging techniques, comparative analysis of modalities, radiomics, and the integration of artificial intelligence in image interpretation. Students can explore how these technological advancements enhance diagnostic accuracy, improve patient outcomes, and optimize radiation exposure.

Interventional Radiology : Interventional radiology focuses on minimally invasive procedures performed under image guidance. Research topics in this area can cover a wide range of interventions, such as angioplasty, embolization, radiofrequency ablation, and image-guided biopsies. Students can delve into the latest techniques, outcomes, and complications associated with interventional procedures, as well as explore the emerging role of interventional radiology in managing various conditions, including vascular diseases, cancer, and pain management.

Radiation Safety and Dose Optimization : Radiation safety is a critical aspect of radiology practice. Research in this field aims to minimize radiation exposure to patients and healthcare professionals while maintaining optimal diagnostic image quality. Topics may include strategies for reducing radiation dose in pediatric imaging, dose monitoring systems, the impact of artificial intelligence on radiation dose optimization, and radioprotective measures. Students can investigate how to strike a balance between effective imaging and patient safety, exploring advancements in dose reduction techniques and the implementation of best practices.

Radiology in Oncology : Radiology plays a vital role in the diagnosis, staging, and treatment response assessment in cancer patients. Research topics in this area can encompass the use of imaging techniques for early detection, tumor characterization, response prediction, and treatment planning. Students can explore the integration of radiomics, machine learning, and molecular imaging in oncology research, as well as advancements in functional imaging and image-guided interventions.

Radiology in Neuroimaging : Neuroimaging is a specialized field within radiology that focuses on imaging the brain and central nervous system. Research topics in neuroimaging can cover areas such as stroke imaging, neurodegenerative diseases, brain tumors, neurovascular disorders, and functional imaging for mapping brain functions. Students can explore the latest imaging techniques, image analysis tools, and their clinical applications in understanding and diagnosing various neurological conditions.

Radiology in Musculoskeletal Imaging : Musculoskeletal imaging involves the evaluation of bone, joint, and soft tissue disorders. Research topics in this area can encompass imaging techniques for sports-related injuries, arthritis, musculoskeletal tumors, spinal disorders, and trauma. Students can explore the role of advanced imaging modalities such as MRI and ultrasound in diagnosing and managing musculoskeletal conditions, as well as the use of imaging-guided interventions for treatment.

Pediatric Radiology : Pediatric radiology focuses on imaging children, who have unique anatomical and physiological considerations. Research topics in this field may include radiation dose reduction strategies in pediatric imaging, imaging evaluation of congenital anomalies, pediatric oncology imaging, and imaging assessment of developmental disorders. Students can explore how to tailor imaging protocols for children, minimize radiation exposure, and improve diagnostic accuracy in pediatric patients.

Breast Imaging : Breast imaging is essential for the early detection and diagnosis of breast cancer. Research topics in this area can cover advancements in mammography, tomosynthesis, breast MRI, and molecular imaging. Students can explore topics related to breast density, imaging-guided biopsies, breast cancer screening, and the impact of artificial intelligence in breast imaging. Additionally, they can investigate the use of imaging techniques for evaluating breast implants and assessing high-risk populations.

Cardiac Imaging : Cardiac imaging focuses on the evaluation of heart structure and function. Research topics in this field may include imaging techniques for coronary artery disease, valvular heart diseases, cardiomyopathies, and cardiac tumors. Students can explore the role of cardiac CT, MRI, nuclear cardiology, and echocardiography in diagnosing and managing various cardiac conditions. Additionally, they can investigate the use of imaging in guiding interventional procedures and assessing treatment outcomes.

Abdominal and Pelvic Imaging : Abdominal and pelvic imaging involves the evaluation of organs and structures within the abdominal and pelvic cavities. Research topics in this area can encompass imaging of the liver, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, genitourinary system, and pelvic floor. Students can explore topics related to imaging techniques, evaluation of specific diseases or conditions, and the role of imaging in guiding interventions. Additionally, they can investigate emerging modalities such as elastography and diffusion-weighted imaging in abdominal and pelvic imaging.

Radiology offers a vast array of research opportunities for students in the field of health sciences. The topics discussed in this article provide a glimpse into the breadth and depth of research possibilities within radiology. By exploring these research areas, students can contribute to advancements in diagnostic accuracy, treatment planning, and patient care. With the rapid evolution of imaging technologies and the integration of artificial intelligence, the future of radiology research holds immense potential for improving healthcare outcomes.

Choosing Radiology Research Paper Topics

Introduction: Selecting a research topic is a crucial step in the journey of writing a radiology research paper. It determines the focus of your study and influences the impact your research can have in the field. To help you make an informed choice, we have compiled expert advice on selecting radiology research paper topics. By following these tips, you can identify a relevant and engaging research topic that aligns with your interests and contributes to the advancement of radiology knowledge.

Identify Your Interests : Start by reflecting on your own interests within the field of radiology. Consider which subspecialties or areas of radiology intrigue you the most. Are you interested in diagnostic imaging, interventional radiology, radiation safety, oncology imaging, or any other specific area? Identifying your interests will guide you in selecting a topic that excites you and keeps you motivated throughout the research process.
Stay Updated on Current Trends : Keep yourself updated on the latest advancements, breakthroughs, and emerging trends in radiology. Read scientific journals, attend conferences, and engage in discussions with experts in the field. By staying informed, you can identify gaps in knowledge or areas that require further investigation, providing you with potential research topics that are timely and relevant.
Consult with Faculty or Mentors : Seek guidance from your faculty members or mentors who are experienced in the field of radiology. They can provide valuable insights into potential research areas, ongoing projects, and research gaps. Discuss your research interests with them and ask for their suggestions and recommendations. Their expertise and guidance can help you narrow down your research topic and refine your research question.
Conduct a Literature Review : Conducting a thorough literature review is an essential step in choosing a research topic. It allows you to familiarize yourself with the existing body of knowledge, identify research gaps, and build a strong foundation for your study. Analyze recent research papers, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses related to radiology to identify areas that need further investigation or where controversies exist.
Brainstorm Research Questions : Once you have gained an understanding of the current state of research in radiology, brainstorm potential research questions. Consider the gaps or controversies you identified during your literature review. Develop research questions that address these gaps and contribute to the existing knowledge. Ensure that your research questions are clear, focused, and answerable within the scope of your study.
Consider the Practicality and Feasibility : When selecting a research topic, consider the practicality and feasibility of conducting the study. Evaluate the availability of resources, access to data, research facilities, and ethical considerations. Assess the time frame and potential constraints that may impact your research. Choosing a topic that is feasible within your given resources and time frame will ensure a successful and manageable research experience.
Collaborate with Peers : Consider collaborating with your peers or forming a research group to enhance your research experience. Collaborative research allows for a sharing of ideas, resources, and expertise, fostering a supportive environment. By working together, you can explore more complex research topics, conduct multicenter studies, and generate more impactful findings.
Seek Multidisciplinary Perspectives : Radiology intersects with various other medical disciplines. Consider exploring interdisciplinary research topics that integrate radiology with fields such as oncology, cardiology, neurology, or orthopedics. By incorporating multidisciplinary perspectives, you can address complex healthcare challenges and contribute to a broader understanding of patient care.
Choose a Topic with Clinical Relevance : Select a research topic that has direct clinical relevance. Focus on topics that can potentially influence patient outcomes, improve diagnostic accuracy, optimize treatment strategies, or enhance patient safety. By choosing a clinically relevant topic, you can contribute to the advancement of radiology practice and have a positive impact on patient care.
Seek Ethical Considerations : Ensure that your research topic adheres to ethical considerations in radiology research. Patient privacy, confidentiality, and informed consent should be prioritized when conducting studies involving human subjects. Familiarize yourself with the ethical guidelines and regulations specific to radiology research and ensure that your study design and data collection methods are in line with these principles.

Choosing a radiology research paper topic requires careful consideration and alignment with your interests, expertise, and the current trends in the field. By following the expert advice provided in this section, you can select a research topic that is engaging, relevant, and contributes to the advancement of radiology knowledge. Remember to consult with mentors, conduct a thorough literature review, and consider practicality and feasibility. With a well-chosen research topic, you can embark on an exciting journey of exploration, innovation, and contribution to the field of radiology.

How to Write a Radiology Research Paper

Introduction: Writing a radiology research paper requires a systematic approach and attention to detail. It is essential to effectively communicate your research findings, methodology, and conclusions to contribute to the body of knowledge in the field. In this section, we will provide you with valuable tips on how to write a successful radiology research paper. By following these guidelines, you can ensure that your paper is well-structured, informative, and impactful.

Define the Research Question : Start by clearly defining your research question or objective. It serves as the foundation of your research paper and guides your entire study. Ensure that your research question is specific, focused, and relevant to the field of radiology. Clearly articulate the purpose of your study and its potential implications.
Conduct a Thorough Literature Review : Before diving into writing, conduct a comprehensive literature review to familiarize yourself with the existing body of knowledge in your research area. Identify key studies, seminal papers, and relevant research articles that will support your research. Analyze and synthesize the literature to identify gaps, controversies, or areas for further investigation.
Develop a Well-Structured Outline : Create a clear and well-structured outline for your research paper. An outline serves as a roadmap and helps you organize your thoughts, arguments, and evidence. Divide your paper into logical sections such as introduction, literature review, methodology, results, discussion, and conclusion. Ensure a logical flow of ideas and information throughout the paper.
Write an Engaging Introduction : The introduction is the opening section of your research paper and should capture the reader’s attention. Start with a compelling hook that introduces the importance of the research topic. Provide background information, context, and the rationale for your study. Clearly state the research question or objective and outline the structure of your paper.
Conduct Rigorous Methodology : Describe your research methodology in detail, ensuring transparency and reproducibility. Explain your study design, data collection methods, sample size, inclusion/exclusion criteria, and statistical analyses. Clearly outline the steps you took to ensure scientific rigor and address potential biases. Include any ethical considerations and institutional review board approvals, if applicable.
Present Clear and Concise Results : Present your research findings in a clear, concise, and organized manner. Use tables, figures, and charts to visually represent your data. Provide accurate and relevant statistical analyses to support your results. Explain the significance and implications of your findings and their alignment with your research question.
Analyze and Interpret Results : In the discussion section, analyze and interpret your research results in the context of existing literature. Compare and contrast your findings with previous studies, highlighting similarities, differences, and potential explanations. Discuss any limitations or challenges encountered during the study and propose areas for future research.
Ensure Clear and Coherent Writing : Maintain clarity, coherence, and precision in your writing. Use concise and straightforward language to convey your ideas effectively. Avoid jargon or excessive technical terms that may hinder understanding. Clearly define any acronyms or abbreviations used in your paper. Ensure that each paragraph has a clear topic sentence and flows smoothly into the next.
Citations and References : Properly cite all the sources used in your research paper. Follow the citation style recommended by your institution or the journal you intend to submit to (e.g., APA, MLA, or Chicago). Include in-text citations for direct quotes, paraphrased information, or any borrowed ideas. Create a comprehensive reference list at the end of your paper, following the formatting guidelines.
Revise and Edit : Take the time to revise and edit your research paper before final submission. Review the content, structure, and organization of your paper. Check for grammatical errors, spelling mistakes, and typos. Ensure that your paper adheres to the specified word count and formatting guidelines. Seek feedback from colleagues or mentors to gain valuable insights and suggestions for improvement.

Conclusion: Writing a radiology research paper requires careful planning, attention to detail, and effective communication. By following the tips provided in this section, you can write a well-structured and impactful research paper in the field of radiology. Define a clear research question, conduct a thorough literature review, develop a strong outline, and present your findings with clarity. Remember to adhere to proper citation guidelines and revise your paper before submission. With these guidelines in mind, you can contribute to the advancement of radiology knowledge and make a meaningful impact in the field.

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Most Popular Topics in Radiology 2023

Taking a look at current trends in radiology research topics.

Research is critical to the future growth of radiology. The specialty has a rich history in innovation and today’s investigators ensure a bright future for radiology by uncovering new discoveries and advancing radiologic research. Innovations in radiology have led to better patient outcomes through improved screening, diagnosis and treatment. The first step to develop a research project is identifying an interesting topic. These are just a few topics that are currently garnering interest in the field.

Medical Imaging AI

AI solutions to work seem to permeate every sector today, including radiology. These applications promise to transform the way radiologists work in the future by triaging images to help manage ever growing workloads. AI tools have the potential to enhance practice efficiency and improve diagnostic accuracy. Research into applications of AI in medical imaging continues to focus on solving specific diagnosis across all subspecialties. Radiologists are also starting to understand how AI might be incorporated into radiology workflows. RSNA leads the way in medical imaging AI research by publishing and funding research, helping radiologists learn practical applications of the technology and developing AI challenges to help create tools and harness the vast amounts of data needed. Learn about RSNA’s available resources and training in medical imaging AI.

Health Care Equity

Disparities in access to health care and screening are important to address and researchers are looking into barriers to screening for various populations and discrepancies in health outcomes across demographics. An important step toward improving care is expanding the diversity of the health care team. Populations historically underserved have been shown to have less trust in the health care system. A provider team that looks more like its patient population helps build trust. More than 50 presentations at RSNA 2022 focused on diversity, equity and inclusion topics, demonstrating the demand for continued research in the area. Find valuable resources and current health equity research here.

Photon Counting Detector CT

One popular topic in clinical radiology research, photon counting detector CT (PCD-CT), is gaining attention for its ability to reduce radiation dose while maintaining or even improving image quality. PCD-CT systems demonstrate several advantages over standard CT , including reduced electronic noise, improved spatial resolution, and lower radiation dose. The technique converts X-rays to electrical signal, facilitating small detector pixel designs, thus increased spatial resolution, without losing dose efficiency. These advances in diagnostic techniques that reduce the required radiation dose show promise for improved patient care.

COVID-19

Interest in the effects of COVID-19, both short- and long-term, continues to be strong. Research into health complications resulting from infection and disparities in access to care is a popular topic. As a growing population is diagnosed with long COVID, interest in the effects of this condition has increased. This was also a hot topic at the RSNA annual meeting with late-breaking research on the topic presented throughout the science sessions and in the Learning Center Theater. Read original research and access tools and guidelines for managing COVID-19 on the RSNA COVID-19 Resources page.

RSNA Advances Radiology Research

Once you have identified an interesting topic to research, RSNA’s Research Development Guide will help you expand on your idea and develop it into a project. The RSNA R&E Foundation funds promising research projects across all radiology subspecialties. In 2022, the Foundation introduced Emerging Issues grants , which are designed to rapidly and effectively address urgent issues that threaten the health and well-being of disparate populations.

The RSNA annual meeting is a great place to showcase your research results. Become a member to enjoy the benefits of presenting at the largest medical imaging conference and to gain access to R&E Foundation grants .

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Trends and hot topics in radiology, nuclear medicine and medical imaging from 2011–2021: a bibliometric analysis of highly cited papers

1 School of Foreign Languages, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430000 China

Huiting Zhang

2 MR Scientific Marketing, Siemens Healthineers, Wuhan, 430071 China

3 Department of Medical Imaging, Suizhou Central Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, No.60 Longmen Street, Jiefang Road, Suizhou, 441399 Hubei China

Associated Data

To spotlight the trends and hot topics looming from the highly cited papers in the subject category of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging with bibliometric analysis.

Materials and methods

Based on the Essential Science Indicators, this study employed a bibliometric method to examine the highly cited papers in the subject category of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging in Web of Science (WoS) Categories, both quantitatively and qualitatively. In total, 1325 highly cited papers were retrieved and assessed spanning from the years of 2011 to 2021. In particular, the bibliometric information of the highly cited papers based on WoS database such as the main publication venues, the most productive countries, and the top cited publications was presented. An Abstract corpus was built to help identify the most frequently explored topics. VoSviewer was used to visualize the co-occurrence networks of author keywords.

The top three active journals are Neuroimage, Radiology and IEEE T Med Imaging . The United States, Germany and England have the most influential publications. The top cited publications unrelated to COVID-19 can be grouped in three categories: recommendations or guidelines, processing software, and analysis methods . The top cited publications on COVID-19 are dominantly in China . The most frequently explored topics based on the Abstract corpus and the author keywords with the great link strengths overlap to a great extent. Specifically, phrases such as magnetic resonance imaging, deep learning, prostate cancer, chest CT, computed tomography, CT images, coronavirus disease, convolutional neural network(s) are among the most frequently mentioned.

The bibliometric analysis of the highly cited papers provided the most updated trends and hot topics which may provide insights and research directions for medical researchers and healthcare practitioners in the future.

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11604-022-01268-z.

Introduction

Citation distributions are extremely skewed. Most scientific papers are seldom cited, if ever, in the subsequent scientific literature while some papers receive an unusually high citation counts [ 1 ]. In the past decade, there has been a growing interest in using highly cited papers as indicators in research assessments. There may be two reasons for this tendency. First, the increasing focus on scientific excellence in science policy in the context of the enormous quantities of scientific outputs makes it imperative to screen out the most successful or influential work. “Many countries are moving towards research policies that emphasize excellence; consequently; they develop evaluation systems to identify universities, research groups, and researchers that can be said to be “excellent” [ 2 ]. Second, for visibility issues, academic professionals are consistently interested in pursuing high citations for their own work and also tend to follow the research with higher citations. In this way, they can stay current regarding research trends and make informed decisions on potential research topics. High citations imply more visibility, generally accompanied by more supports from public or private funders. Therefore, scientific researchers will be very much proud if their publications are selected as highly cited papers (HCPs).

Incites Essential Science Indicators (ESI), an analytic tool provided by Clarivate Analytics for identifying the top-charting research in Web of Science (WoS)-indexed journals, is widely used to evaluate HCPs, providing information such as the countries/regions [ 3 , 4 ], institutes [ 5 ], and researchers [ 6 ], etc. ESI-HCPs, representing the top 1% in each of the 22 ESI subject fields, vary by fields and by years in a 10 years’ rolling. A paper is selected as a HCP only if its citation count exceeds the 1% citation threshold of the corresponding research fields and publication year.

Over recent years, a number of studies have been conducted on HCPs based on data from ESI [ 7 – 9 ]. For example, Ioannidis Boyack et al. surveyed the most-cited authors of biomedical research for their views on their own influential published work [ 9 ]. Aksnes found that HCPs are typically authored by a large number of scientists, often involving international collaboration [ 10 ]. Some studies even try to predict the HCPs by mathematical models [ 11 ], implying “the first mover advantage in scientific publication” [ 12 , 13 ]. That is, the first papers in a field will, essentially regardless of content, receive citations at a rate enormously higher than papers published later.

Bibliometrics, a term coined by Pritchard A [ 14 ], is a statistical method used to evaluate scientific development, determine research impacts, compare research performance and identify emerging fronts [ 15 , 16 ]. There have been many bibliometric studies on natural science or social science as a general field [ 17 , 18 ]. There have also been a few subject-specific ones on computer science [ 19 , 20 ], on applied linguistics [ 21 ], and on operations research and management Science [ 22 ]. In this regard, bibliometrics has been applied to summarize the development of a specific subject, generating valuable information such as the most cited publications/journals and the most frequently explored topics, etc. Such information is of great importance and interest to researchers as well as academic institutions and government/private agencies in making funding and science policy decisions. However, to our knowledge, there has not been one bibliometric study on the specific subject “ Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging ” (RNMI) , a subject that covers resources on radiation research in biology and biophysics. Of the five broad research areas ( Arts & Humanities, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Physical Sciences, Social Sciences, technology ) in Web of Science database, Life Sciences & Biomedicine has the most number of subject categorizations (76 in total), implying the complexity and richness as well as importance of this research line. As an important subject area in Life Sciences & Biomedicin e in response to the rapidly evolving healthcare industry, the research productivity in this RNMI has been tremendous. A thorough investigation of the existing literature especially the HCPs will help keep researchers informed about the state of the arts and research trends in this subject.

The purpose of this study is to spotlight the trends and hot topics in the subject category of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging with the bibliometric analysis of highly cited papers to help researchers get the most updated information in the future study.

A bibliometric approach was used in the present study to map the HCPs in RNMI in WoS. As one of the biggest bibliometric databases, WoS is the most frequently used database in bibliometric studies [ 23 ]. The methods for data retrieval are described as follows.

We searched in WoS Core Collection at the portal of the University library. We filtered the results by clicking the “ Highly Cited in Field ” trophy icon. We then downloaded all the bibliometric data for further analysis including publication years, authors and affiliations, publication titles, countries/regions, organizations, abstracts, citation reports, etc. After the removal of the publications with incomplete bibliometric information, a total of 1325 HCPs were harvested. The yearly publication distributions of the 1325 HCPs were shown in Figure S1 (Online Resource 1). The data retrieval was completed on 15 December, 2021. We collected the impact factor (IF) of each journal from the 2021 Journal Citation Reports (JCR).Table (JCR).Table1 1 shows the strategies of the retrieval queries.

Retrieval strategies

(from Web of Science Core Collection)

(Web of Science Categories = Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging

Index: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED)

Refined by: Highly Cited Papers AND Language = English

Three points are to be mentioned here. First, the WoS Core Collection was searched because it boasts as an important bibliometric database which includes literature and citation information indexed in SCIE, SSCI and A&HCI. More importantly, it has been widely used in bibliometric analysis of previous studies both in natural sciences [ 24 , 25 ] and in social sciences [ 21 , 26 ]. Because RNMI belongs to the natural sciences, we restrict the index in SCI-expanded to retrieve the relevant data. Second, only articles and reviews are considered in HCPs selection. There is no need to restrict the document types in our search. Third, the dataset of ESI-HCPs is automatically updated every 2 months to include the most recent 10 years of publications. Therefore, only the papers in the recent decade will be counted as HCPs. There is no need to set the date range.

To identify the most influential papers, we ranked all the HCPs by the Relative Citation Rate (RCR), a new metric that uses citation rates to measure influence at the paper level [ 27 ]. Since the citation count a paper receives is closely associated with the number of years it is published, it is invalid to rank paper impact solely on Raw Citations (RC). Therefore, RCR, recently endorsed by the National Institutes of Health, has been employed here to pinpoint the most highly cited papers. RCR is based on weighting the number of citations a paper receives to a comparison group within the same field [ 28 ]. The icite tool is used here to generate RCR metrics for all the HCPs ( https://icite.od.nih.gov/ ).

Word frequency analysis based on corpus is a bibliometric method to identify hotspots and developmental trend of one domain. In this study, we built an Abstract corpus with all the abstracts of the HCPs. The n -grams (2–4) in the corpus were retrieved and analyzed to detect the most frequently researched topics in the HCPs. The procedures to retrieve the n-grams were described as follows. First, the abstracts of all the 1325 HCPs from the downloaded bibliometric data were saved in separate files in txt. Formats in one folder to create a mini abstract corpus with a total of 299,810 tokens. Second, Anthony’s AntConc, a freeware corpus analysis toolkit for concordancing and text analysis, was used to extract n-grams that include clusters of two to four continuous words [ 29 ]. AntConc is widely used in previous studies [ 16 , 21 , 26 ]. It automatically ranks all the retrieved n-grams in decreasing order. We also generated a list of individual nouns in case of missing some important topics. The reason to exclude the pronouns, modals and many other functional words is that research topics are usually phrases that do not contain these functional words. For topic candidacy, we adopt both frequency (10) and range criteria (10). That is, a candidate n-gram has to appear at least ten times and in at least ten different abstracts for further consideration. The frequency threshold ensures the significance of the candidate topics while the range threshold ensures the topics are not overly clustered in a limited number of papers. In this process, we actually tested the frequency and range thresholds several rounds for the inclusion of all the potential topics. In total, we got 521 nouns, 205 2 g, 39 3 g, and 5 4 g. Third, concerning the list of n-grams and monograms (nouns here), the authors discussed extensively to decide which should be taken as the potential research topics until full agreements were reached.

Besides the word frequency analysis based on the Abstract corpus, we performed knowledge mapping (i.e., network analysis) using VOSviewer ( www.vosviewer.com ), in which we focused on the network and “link strength” between author keywords. Knowledge mapping can be employed to map the scope and structure of the discipline while revealing key research clusters [ 30 ]. Since fractional counting approach assigns co-authored publications fractionally to each author, proper field-normalized results can be obtained [ 31 ]. Therefore, we used fractional counting in our analysis. This process produced the co-occurrence network of the most frequently used author keywords. Knowledge mapping of the author keywords was an important addition to the corpus based investigation of the abstracts.

Main publication venues of HCPs

The top 20 journals with more than 17 HCPs published are listed in Table Table2. 2 . They contributed around 80% of the total HCPs (1039/1325). The highest contribution comes from Neuroimage (207) , followed by Radiology (159) . They are also the only 2 journals with more than 100 HCPs, accounting for almost 30% of the total number of the HCPs, overwhelmingly exceeding the others on the list. As the only Q2 journal (between top 50% and top 25%) among the top five (the other four in the Q1, top 25%) by the Journal Citation Reports (JCR) quantile rankings, Neuroimage tops the list with certain surprise.

Main publication venues of the HCPs ranking in decreasing order

	JCR Abbreviated title	HCPs	TP	HCPs/TP (%)	HCPs/1325(%)	IF (2021)
1	Neuroimage	207	10,814	1.91	15.623	6.556
2	Radiology	159	5959	2.67	12	11.105
3	IEEE T Med Imaging	74	2613	2.83	5.585	10.048
4	J Nucl Med	68	21,049	0.32	5.132	10.057
5	JACC-Cardiovasc Imag	58	3305	1.75	4.377	14.805
6	Eur Radiol	54	6440	0.84	4.075	5.315
7	Eur J Nucl Med Mol I	49	21,158	0.23	3.698	9.236
8	IJROBP	46	33,071	0.14	3.472	7.038
9	Med Image Anal	46	1580	2.91	3.472	8.545
10	Radiother Oncol	46	23,107	0.2	3.472	6.28
11	Ultrasound Obst Gyn	32	3287	0.98	2.415	7.299
12	Am J Roentgenol	29	7210	0.4	2.189	3.959
13	Magn Reson Med	29	5261	0.56	2.189	4.668
14	Am J Neuroradiol	24	4586	0.52	1.811	3.825
15	Eur Heart J-Card Img	23	3144	0.73	1.736	6.875
16	J Magn Reson Imaging	21	4440	0.48	1.585	4.813
17	J Cardiovasc Magn Reson	20	1049	1.91	1.509	5.364
18	Med Phys	20	32,893	0.06	1.509	4.071
19	Circ-Cardiovasc Imag	17	1855	0.91	1.283	7.792
20	KJR	17	1548	1.1	1.283	3.5

Because the total number of papers published in each journal varies greatly per year and the HCPs are also connected with journal circulations, we divide the total number of papers (TP) in the examined years (2011–2021) with the number of the HCPs to acquire the HCP percentage for each journal (HCPs/TP). As we can see, the top six journals with the highest percentage of the HCPs are Med Image Anal (2.91), IEEE T Med Imaging (2.83) , Radiology (2.67) , Neuroimage (1.91) , J Cardiovasc Magn Reson (1.91), JACC-Cardiovasc Imag (1.75). That implies that papers published in these journals have a higher probability to enter the HCPs list. In terms of the latest journal impact factor (IF) in 2021, the top five journals with the highest IF are JACC-Cardiovasc Imag (14.805), Radiology (11.105), J Nucl Med (10.057), IEEE T Med Imaging (10.048) and Eur J Nucl Med Mol I (9.236) . The number of the HCPs in these journals take up a large share of the total HCPs (over 30%), implying a close relationship between the journal IF and the number of the HCPs in the journal.

Countries distribution

The top 16 productive countries with more than 50 HCPs are presented in Fig. 1 . The USA took the lead with 707 HCPs (53.358%), confirming its leading position as a traditional scientific powerhouse in this subject, followed by Germany (20.302%) and England (19.623%). It is to be mentioned that only three Asian countries enter the top 16 list ( China, South Korea, Japan ). China even boasts the fourth position with 196 HCPs (14.792%). However, scholars from outside the traditional publishing countries need to be more visible for their work in RNMI.

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Top 16 countries/regions with the most HCPs

Most influential papers by RCR

During the data processing, we found that the papers on COVID-19 published in the year of 2020 had extremely high RCR compared to papers on other subjects. As an unexpected global epidemic starting in late 2019, COVID-19 ignited research interests from all over the world especially in China where the epidemic was first reported. Many papers got quickly published and cited during this period in response to the urgent needs to find treatments. If we mix the papers, paying no attention to this public health incident, the COVID-19-related papers will take up 75% of the top 20 highly cited papers in terms of RCR (15/20), which was unfair for other non-COVID-19-related papers because of the distorted impact image. Therefore, we produced two lists of ranking: one for the non-COVID-19 papers in Table Table3 3 and one for the COVID-19 papers in Table Table4. 4 . The yearly citation trends of each listed HCP can be seen in Figure S2 (Online Resource 2).

The Top 20 HCPs (Non-COVID-19)

	Year	Title	Journal	Type	RC	RCR	PMID
1	2015	Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification…	Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging	R	3028	203.92	25,712,077
2	2012	FSL	Neuroimage	R	4264	195.46	21,979,382
3	2012	Spurious but systematic correlations in…	Neuroimage	A	3960	178.77	22,019,881
4	2017	A survey on deep learning…	Med Image Anal	R	1575	159.99	28,778,026
5	2016	Radiomics: Images Are More than …	Radiology	A	2018	154.28	26,579,733
6	2016	Recommendations for the Evaluation of …	J Am Soc Echocardiogr	R	1701	132.96	27,037,982
7	2012	FreeSurfer	Neuroimage	R	2461	109.24	22,248,573
8	2020	The Image Biomarker Standardization Initiative…	Radiology	A	274	95.4	32,154,773
9	2012	3D Slicer as an image …	Magn Reson Imaging	A	1839	91.22	22,770,690
10	2014	Permutation inference for the general…	Neuroimage	A	1467	79.27	24,530,839
11	2012	ESUR prostate MR guidelines 2012	Eur Radiol	R	1501	74.85	22,322,308
12	2016	An integrated approach to correction…	Neuroimage	A	924	71.48	26,481,672
13	2014	Methods to detect, characterize, and remove…	Neuroimage	A	1331	71.39	23,994,314
14	2013	The WU-Minn Human Connectome Project…	Neuroimage	R	1533	70.94	23,684,880
15	2012	The influence of head motion…	Neuroimage	A	1568	68.83	21,810,475
16	2015	FDG PET/CT: EANM procedure guidelines…	Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging	R	1032	67.64	25,452,219
17	2013	The minimal preprocessing pipelines for…	Neuroimage	A	1422	66.9	23,668,970
18	2017	Guidelines for Management of Incidental…	Radiology	R	699	65.32	28,240,562
19	2015	Recommended implementation of arterial spin-labeled …	Magn Reson Med	R	931	62.88	24,715,426
20	2013	Optical properties of biological tissues…	Phys Med Biol	R	1151	60.97	23,666,068

Note: To save space, not full information about the HCPs is given. For the source title, only the first five words were kept if the titles are too lengthy. PMID are provided to locate the papers quickly for those interested. For the authors, only the first author who appeared in the author list was given. For the document type, R means Reviews while A means Articles

The top 10 HCPs (COVID-19)

	Year	Title	Journal	Type	RC	RCR	PMID
1	2020	Correlation of Chest CT and…	Radiology	A	1954	703.55	32,101,510
2	2020	Sensitivity of Chest CT for…	Radiology	A	1052	378.05	32,073,353
3	2020	Time Course of Lung Changes…	Radiology	A	990	354.05	32,053,470
4	2020	CT Imaging Features of 2019…	Radiology	A	941	332.85	32,017,661
5	2020	Chest CT Findings in Coronavirus…	Radiology	A	896	320.15	32,077,789
6	2020	Chest CT for Typical Coronavirus…	Radiology	A	775	272.91	32,049,601
7	2020	Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)…	Radiology	R	486	180.92	32,083,985
8	2020	Emerging 2019 Novel Coronavirus…	Radiology	A	499	177.52	32,027,573
9	2020	Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)…	Am J Roentgenol	R	493	174.47	32,174,129
10	2020	Frequency and Distribution of Chest…	Radiology	A	455	168	32,216,717

Table Table3 3 shows some interesting patterns. First, 9 out of the top 20 HCPs were published in Neuroimage , which helps corroborate the findings on the main publication venues. Second, in terms of the document types, reviews (11) slightly outnumber articles (9), which may imply that reviews share the same amount of citation opportunities as the articles in the field of medical studies if not more. Third, three types of research orientations can be discerned from the top 20 HCPs: recommendations or guidelines (#1, 6, 11, 16, 18, 19); processing software (#2, 7, 9); analysis methods (#4, 5, 8, 12, 13, 15, 17, etc.).

The top ten highly cited papers on COVID-19 shows a different picture in Table Table4. 4 . 9 out of the top ten HCPs were published in Radiology , which once again testifies its popularity and importance in the field of RNMI . Ai tao ’s (2020) Correlation of Chest CT and …tops the list with RCR at 703.55, three times more than Roberto M Lang (2015) with RCR at 203.92, which shows the enormous attention paid to this unprecedented epidemic outbreak.

Most frequently explored topics

Table Table5 5 presents the top 33 research topics above the observed frequency of 38. The observed frequency count for each topic in the abstract corpus is included in the brackets. Topics such as magnetic resonance imaging (325), deep learning (191), prostate cancer (162), chest CT (145), computed tomography (141), CT images (121), PSMA PET (119), coronavirus disease (115), convolutional neural network(s) (108) and FDG PET (100) were the top ten most frequently mentioned topics based on the corpus analysis of the abstracts. We grouped the topics into five broad categories, including devices, organs, artificial intelligence (AI), images, and others, according to topic relationships.

Categorization of the most explored research topics

Topic categorization	Topic items
Devices (1159)	MRI (396): magnetic resonance imaging (325); MR images (71)
	CT (484): chest CT (145), computed tomography (141), CT images (121), CT scans (77)
	PET (279): PSMA PET (119), FDG PET (100), PET CT(60)
Human Organs (818)	Brain (250): functional connectivity (85), white matter (77), human brain (50), brain regions (38);
	Prostate (162): prostate cancer (162);
	Heart (160): left ventricular (57), cardiology foundation (54), heart failure (49);
	Lung (153): coronavirus disease (115), respiratory syndrome (38);
	Breast (93): breast cancer (93)
AI (495)	Deep learning (191), convolutional neural network(s) (108), machine learning (79), neural networks (71), artificial intelligence (46)
Images (201)	Image quality (70), imaging features (51), signal intensity (40), image analysis (40)
Others (248)	Radiation therapy (88), receiver operating characteristic (73), contrast agents (48), polymerase chain reaction (39)

The first group is mainly about the imaging devices in the RNMI field including MRI (396) , CT (484) and PET (279) .

The second group concerns the human organs such as brains (250), prostate (162), heart (160), lungs (153), and breast (93) . Cancer-related phrases (prostate cancer, and breast cancer) were among the top list in frequency. For the brain, topics such as functional connectivity and white matter were more mentioned.

The third group are all related to AI technology ( artificial intelligence, deep learning, machine learning, convolutional neural networks, etc.).

The fourth group is about image information. Image quality is an important focus in MR/CT/PET scanning because it determines whether the images can been used or not. Imaging features can provide more information and are widely used in AI.

Topics in the last group constitute the core concepts in radiology. Radiation therapy is the most important treatment method for cancers. Especially when combined with MRI and CT, precise radiotherapy will be a promising alternative for cancer treatment in the future. As the method for assessing diagnosis performance of quantitative parameters, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) is also the main technology. Contrast agents is the important part of CT and MRI scans. Polymerase chain reaction is the gold standard in the detection COVID-19. It is no wonder that these topics enter the hot topic list because they are closely connected to the topics in other categories.

Author keywords analysis

A total of 2796 keywords were retrieved. We set the minimum number of occurrences of a keyword at 5. Then, 131 keywords meet the threshold. For each of the 131 keywords, the total strength of the co-occurrence links with other keywords were calculated. The top 15 keywords with the greatest total link strength were shown in decreasing order in Table Table6. 6 . VOSviewer classified the 131 keywords into 9 clusters, as shown in Fig. 2 . The link strengths for deep learning, covid-19, mri, machine learning, prostate cancer, computed tomography were 79, 74, 42, 40, 39, 39, respectively. The thickness of the lines which was determined by the frequency of the keywords in HCPs shows the link strength between the keywords.

The top keywords in HCPs

	Keyword	Occurrences	Total link strength
1	Deep learning	99	79
2	COVID-19	80	74
3	MRI	52	42
4	Machine learning	44	40
5	Prostate cancer	47	39
6	Computed tomography	41	39
7	Pneumonia	37	36
8	Magnetic resonance imaging	43	31
9	PET	34	30
10	fMRI	38	30
11	PET/CT	32	28
12	PSMA	27	26
13	CT	26	24
14	Sars-cov-2	23	23
15	Radiomics	21	21

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The co-occurrence of author’s keywords

A comparison between the word frequency analysis of the Abstract corpus and the knowledge mapping of the author keywords shows similar research activities, which can be evidenced by the overlapping of the high frequent topics and the author keywords. These hot terms not only reflects the important research trends up to now, but also points the direction for future research in RNMI. For example, AI is gaining increasing popularity in the healthcare industry especially in handling a huge amount of patient data and recognizing complex disease patterns. In the future, AI-based technology is bound to unfold more hidden information from big data and inform healthcare policymakers and clinicians in making effective clinical decisions. Besides, considering the complex functioning of the human brain, the research is multidisciplinary in nature. Therefore, a collaboration across scientific disciplines will better reveal the intricacies of the human brains.

To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive bibliometric study of Highly Cited Papers (HCPs) in the subject category of RNMI across the years spanning from 2011 to 2021. The results showed that Neuroimage, Radiology, IEEE T Med Imaging, J Nucl Med had the largest number of HCPs published, accounting for about 40% of the total 1325 HCPs. The traditional academic powerhouses in RNMI such as the USA, Germany and England are leading the publications while countries such as China and Italy are catching up. For the top 20 non-COVID-19 HCPs, 3 types of research orientations can be detected: recommendations or guidelines; processing soft wares; analysis methods . Reviews slightly outnumber articles in terms of document types. Among the top ten COVID-19 HCPs published in the year 2020, nine were published in Radiology, and chest CT was the most frequent used term in the paper titles.

It is interesting to find Neuroimage, the only Q2 journal in the top five, tops the list with the most HCPs. Research on human brains is increasing rapidly since the initiation of the WU-Minn Human Connectome Project in America in September 2010, aiming to map macroscopic human brain circuits and their relationship to behavior[ 32 ]. Many countries/regions follow the lead by starting their own brain projects, such as Human Brain Project in European Union, Brain/Minds in Japan, and Brain Science and Brain-Like Intelligence Technology in China. Therefore, topics such as functional connectivity, white matter, brain regions can be found (Table (Table5), 5 ), reflecting the scientific enthusiasm in human brains. The surging research interest in brain functioning in the last decade across the globe stimulated more papers in related journals such as Neuroimage , especially after the initiation of the WU-Minn Human Connectome Project in September 2010. Besides, from January 2020, Neuroimage is an open access journal. Authors who publish in Neuroimage can make their work visible immediately, which might encourage more authors to contribute their work. It can be evidenced by more publications in Neuroimage in 2020 compared to those in previous years.

United States, Germany and England are undoubtedly the most impactful in the research area of RNMI. Historically, western countries, especially the United States, have been at the center of academic publishing, supported by huge investments in scholarly research and technical infrastructure. Besides, because the research in RNMI usually involves highly priced facilities such as MRI scanner, the developed countries with more resources clearly stand in a more advantageous position in research and publishing. It should be noted here that a HCP is usually the joint writing of multiple authors from different institutions and/or countries[ 10 ]. Web of Science will generate all the bibliometric information of the papers, not restricted to the information about the first author or the corresponding author. In other words, all the countries and institutions listed on the HCPs will be treated evenly. In this way, a clearer picture about the HCPs distribution across countries can be painted.

Scientific research has always been driven by practical needs. It comes with no surprise that Roberto M Lang ’s (2015) Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification [ 33 ] … tops the list with RCR at 203.92. The quantification of cardiac chamber size and function is the cornerstone of cardiac imaging. Jointly written by the American Society of Echo cardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging , Roberto M Lang ’s (2015) is the updated recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification that guide the echo cardiographic practice with sweeping popularity. Because COVID-19 was first reported in China, most of the studies during this period were conducted in hospitals or universities in China, which can be easily seen from the top ten HCPs list. Sana Salehi’s (2020) Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)… stands as the only HCP among the top ten beyond China (in USA). From the titles, Chest CT emerges as one of the hottest phrases. The fact that most patients infected with COVID-19 had pneumonia and characteristic CT imaging patterns helps explain its frequent use.

A great overlap between the most frequently explored topics and author keywords is identified. The hot topics can be generally grouped into five broad categories: devices, organs, artificial intelligence (AI), images, and others . MRI is the most frequently mentioned phrase. Compared to CT which only shows signal attenuation and has ionizing radiation, MRI can obtain the multi-contract images without ionizing radiation, and is widely used in whole human bodies except the lung. Especially, in the human brain projects, MRI is the main device. However, CT showed greater values in the lung disease than MRI, which can be evidenced by frequent use of CT in the COVID-19 publications. The use of PET (positron emission tomography) scan along with CT in clinical practice increases side by side with publications in this regard which can be seen in such frequent topics as PET CT, PSMA PET, FDG PET . Moreover, the clinical value of PET with MR is also increasing proven. In the future, PET will be an important device in the field of nuclear medicine and radiology.

Besides brain, lung, prostate, heart, and breast are the most concerned organ. According to the World Health Statistics released in 2020, an estimated 41 million people worldwide died of NCDs (noncommunicable diseases) in 2016, equivalent to 71% of all deaths. Four NCDs caused most of those deaths: cardiovascular diseases (17.9 million deaths), cancer (9.0 million deaths), and chronic respiratory diseases (3.8 million deaths), and diabetes (1.6 million deaths) ( World health statistics 2020: monitoring health for the SDGs, sustainable development goals. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020. ). Of different cancer types, breast cancer, lung cancer, and prostate cancer were the top three most prevalent cancers, according to the latest GLOBOCAN2020 report by the International Agency of Research on Cancer, part of World Health Organization.

In recent years, AI has been a hot theme of modern technology and is creeping into almost every facet of modern life including medical research. Up to now, AI has been actively used in medical images recognition, medical intelligent decision-making, medical intelligent voice, and “Internet plus” medical treatment. As one of the first specialty in healthcare to adopt digital technology, radiology is well positioned to deploy AI for diagnostics due to digital images [ 34 ]. Gulshan first reported that AI could automated detected diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema from over 100 thousand retinal fundus photographs, with high sensitivity and specificity [ 35 ]. In 2017, Golden reported that AI can quickly read photos to diagnose breast cancer with lymph mode metastases, greatly improving the speed of diagnosis [ 36 ]. AI also played an important role in detecting COVID-19 [ 37 – 39 ]. In the future, AI is bound to exert greater influence on the medical field. For example, AI shows great promise in changing treatment models, promoting medicine development, reshaping the medical industry, and even impacting the career paths of the medical practitioners. It is believed that artificial intelligence will bring profound changes to future medical technology and will be a powerful driving force for future medical innovation and reform.

There are several points to be mentioned here as for the most frequently explored topics. Decisions regarding the candidate topics were not easy and involved subjectivity. It was the results of several rounds of discussions from multiple professionals. Some n-grams are discarded because they are too general or not meaningful topics in RNMI. For example, quantitative analysis, high sensitivity, imaging technique and medical image are too general to be included. By meaningful topics, we mean the n-grams can help journal editors and readers to quickly locate their interested fields, as the author keywords such as brain networks, MRI imaging, CT scans. Besides, the examination of the limited 3/4-g and monograms (nouns) revealed that most of them were either not meaningful topics such as cancer detection rate and patients with prostate cancer or they were topics already identified in the 2 g such as weighted MR imaging in MR imaging. Therefore, the final list is mostly 2-g topics.

It should be noted that large numbers of quantitative data have been used here to map the HCPs from different perspectives. Despite the quantitative nature, our study also involves qualitative analysis and hence subjectivity, especially concerning what constitutes the research topics and topic categorization. Given the rapid developments in RNMI, more bibliometric research is needed in the future to help test and enhance the validity and reliability of this research approach and to help keep us accurately informed about the trends in RNMI.

Our study also has some limitations. The subject category of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging listed in WoS Categories needs to be further broken down into subcategories and subjects in future analysis. A finer granular subject classification of the research area would have painted a more detailed picture. In additional, the study focuses on the apex of the publishing pyramid in RNMI, the HCPs. And the bibliometric indexes here are all based on the WoS SCI international journals. Although these are the most celebrated and accessible works, some other publications of similar importance or highly localized publications which do not have the chance to enter the list and are not indexed in WoS are not given due attention in our study. This less widely cited research is a rich vein for future study. At last, the study seems to show that the number of citations a review paper receives is higher than that of an original article in RNMI. Therefore, it might be more useful to distinguish the two types of papers in future method design.

In conclusion, our results of the bibliometric analysis provided the updated trends and hot topics in RNMI. And the practitioners and researchers in RNMI can be better aided to locate the relevant literature and keep informed about the hot topics.

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Acknowledgement

This study was funded by the grant from Humanities and Social Sciences Youth Fund of China, Ministry of Education (MOE) (Grant Number 20YJC740076)

Declarations

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Radiology Dissertation topics – Based on The Latest Study and Research

Published by Ellie Cross at December 29th, 2022 , Revised On May 16, 2024

A dissertation is an essential part of the radiology curriculum for an MD, DNB, or DMRD degree programme. Dissertations in radiology can be very tricky and challenging due to the complexity of the subject.

Students must conduct thorough research to develop a first-class dissertation that makes a valuable contribution to the file of radiology. The first step is to choose a well-defined and clear research topic for the dissertation.

We have provided some interesting and focused ideas to help you get started. Choose one that motivates you so you don’t lose your interest in the research work halfway through the process.

List of Radiology Dissertation Topics

The use of computed tomography and positron emission tomography in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer
MRI diffusion tensor imaging is used to evaluate traumatic spinal injury
Analysing digital colour and subtraction in comparison patients with occlusive arterial disorders and Doppler
Functional magnetic resonance imaging is essential for ensuring the security of brain tumour surgery
Doppler uterine artery preeclampsia prediction
Utilising greyscale and Doppler ultrasonography to assess newborn cholestasis
MRI’s reliability in detecting congenital anorectal anomalies
Multivessel research on intrauterine growth restriction (arterial, venous) Doppler speed
Perfusion computed tomography is used to evaluate cerebral blood flow, blood volume, and vascular permeability for brain neoplasms
In post-radiotherapy treated gliomas, compare perfusion magnetic resonance imaging with magnetic resonance spectroscopy to identify recurrence
Using multidetector computed tomography, pediatric retroperitoneal masses are evaluated. Tomography
Female factor infertility: the role of three-dimensional multidetector CT hysterosalpingography
Combining triphasic computed tomography with son elastography allows for assessing localised liver lesions
Analysing the effects of magnetic resonance imaging and transperineally ultrasonography on female urinary stress incontinence
Using dynamic contrast-enhanced and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, evaluate endometrial lesions
For the early diagnosis of breast lesions, digital breast tomosynthesis and contrast-enhanced digital mammography are also available
Using magnetic resonance imaging and colour Doppler flow, assess portal hypertension
Magnesium resonance imaging enables the assessment of musculoskeletal issues
Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging is a crucial diagnostic technique for neoplastic or inflammatory brain lesions
Children with chest ailments that are HIV-infected and have a radiological spectrum high-resolution ultrasound for childhood neck lumps
Ultrasonography is useful when determining the causes of pelvic discomfort in the first trimester
Magnetic resonance imaging is used to evaluate diseases of the aorta or its branches. Angiography’s function
Children’s pulmonary nodules can be distinguished between benign and malignant using high-resolution CT
Research on multidetector computed urography for treating diseases of the urinary tract
The evaluation of the ulnar nerve in leprosy patients involves significantly high-resolution sonography
Using computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, radiologists evaluate musculoskeletal tumours that are malignant and locally aggressive before surgery
The function of MRI and ultrasonography in acute pelvic inflammatory disorders
Ultrasonography is more efficient than computed tomographic arthrography for evaluating shoulder discomfort
For patients with blunt abdominal trauma, multidetector computed tomography is a crucial tool
Compound imaging and expanded field-of-view sonography in the evaluation of breast lesions
Focused pancreatic lesions are assessed using multidetector CT and perfusion CT
Ct virtual laryngoscopy is used to evaluate laryngeal masses
In the liver masses, triple-phase multidetector computed tomography
The effect of increasing the volume of brain tumours on patient survival
Colonic lesions can be diagnosed using perfusion computed tomography
A role for proton MRI spectroscopy in the diagnosis and management of temporal lobe epilepsy
Functions of multidetector CT and Doppler ultrasonography in assessing peripheral arterial disease
There is a function for multidetector computed tomography in paranasal sinus illness
In neonates with an anorectal malformation, transperineal ultrasound
Using multidetector CT, comprehensive imaging of an acute ischemic stroke is performed
The diagnosis of intrauterine neurological congenital disorders requires the use of fetal MRI
Children with chest masses may benefit from multidetector computed angiography
Multimodal imaging for the evaluation of palpable and non-palpable breast lesions
As measured by sonography and in relation to fetal outcome, fetal nasal bone length at 11–28 gestational days
Relationship between bone mineral density, diffusion-weighted MRI imaging, and vertebral marrow fat in postmenopausal women
A comparison of the traditional catheter and CT coronary imaging angiogram of the heart
Evaluation of the descending colon’s length and diameter using ultrasound in normal and intrauterine-restricted fetuses
Investigation of the hepatic vein waveform in liver cirrhosis prospectively. A connection to Child Pugh’s categorisation
Functional assessment of coronary artery bypass graft patency in symptomatic patients using CT angiography
MRI and MRI arthrography evaluation of the labour-ligamentous complex lesion in the shoulder
The evaluation of soft tissue vascular abnormalities involves imaging
Colour Doppler ultrasound and high-resolution ultrasound for scrotal lesions
Comparison of low-dose computed tomography and ultrasonography with colour Doppler for diagnosing salivary gland disorders
The use of multidetector CT to diagnose lesions of the salivary glands
Low dose CT venogram and sonography comparison for evaluating varicose veins: a pilot study
Comparison of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI and triple phase CT in patients with liver cirrhosis
Carotid intima-media thickness and coronary artery disease are examined in individuals with coronary angiography for suspected CAD
Unenhanced computed tomography assessment of hepatic fat levels in fatty liver disease
Bone mineral density in postmenopausal women and vertebral marrow fat on spectroscopic and diffusion-weighted MRI images are correlated
Evaluation of CT coronary angiography against traditional catheter coronary angiography in comparison
High-frequency ultrasonography and colour Doppler evaluation of the median nerve in carpal tunnel syndrome in contrast to nerve conduction tests
Role of MR urethrography in the surgical therapy of obliterative urethral stricture compared to conventional urethrography
High-resolution computed tomography evaluation of the temporal bone in cholesteatoma patients.
Ultrasonographic assessment of sore shoulders and linkage of clinical examination and rotator cuff diseases
A Study to Evaluate the Performance of Magnetisation Transfer Ratio in Distinguishing Neurocysticercosis from Tuberculoma
Deep learning applications in radiology diagnostics.
Radiomics for personalised cancer therapy.
AI-driven image enhancement techniques in radiology.
Role of virtual reality in radiology education.
Nanotechnology advancements in radiology imaging.
Radiogenomics for predicting treatment response.
IoT-enabled devices for remote radiology consultations.
Biomarker discovery through radiological imaging.
3D printing in pre-surgical planning for radiology.
Radiological imaging for early detection of Alzheimer’s disease.
Applications of machine learning in radiology workflow optimization.
Radiological imaging modalities for sports injuries assessment.
Role of radiology in assessing COVID-19 complications.
Interventional radiology techniques for stroke management.
Automated reporting systems in radiology.
Radiology-guided minimally invasive surgeries.
Quantitative imaging for assessing tumour heterogeneity.
Big data analytics in radiology for population health.
Augmented reality for intraoperative radiological guidance.
Radiological imaging in assessing cardiovascular risks.
Radiology applications in detecting rare diseases.
Role of radiology in precision medicine.
Artificial intelligence for improving mammography accuracy.
Radiological imaging is used to monitor Parkinson’s disease progression.
Tele-radiology applications in resource-limited settings.
Radiological imaging in pediatric orthopaedics.
Artificial intelligence for improving CT image reconstruction.
Role of radiology in assessing infectious diseases.
Radiological imaging for assessing lung fibrosis.
3D visualization techniques in radiology reporting.
Radiology applications in evaluating renal disorders.
Imaging biomarkers for predicting dementia risk.
Radiomics for predicting treatment response in prostate cancer.

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Final Words

You can use or get inspired by our selection of the best radiology diss. You can also check our list of critical care nursing dissertation topics and biology dissertation topics because these areas also relate to the discipline of medical sciences.

Choosing an impactful radiology dissertation topic is a daunting task. There is a lot of patience, time and effort that goes into the whole process. However, we have tried to simplify it for you by providing a list of amazing and unique radiology dissertation topics for you. We hope you find this blog helpful.

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Radiology Research Topics

1. Revolutionizing Medical Imaging with Computed Tomography

Are you a medical imaging specialist looking to take your imaging capabilities to the next level? Look no further than high-precision computed tomography! Computed Tomography (CT) is an industry-leading medical imaging technology that provides clinicians with essential 3D images to diagnose potential illnesses as accurately as possible.

Using powerful x-ray beams and complex algorithms, CT scans create detailed internal images with far better resolution than most other diagnostic modalities, such as MRI or ultrasound. These highly intricate 3D depictions essentially act like a snapshot of the inner workings when scanning – making it easier for healthcare providers to detect problems related to cardiovascular diseases, cancer, trauma, infections, and soft tissue damage.

2. Gastro-Diagnostics: Taking an X-Ray of your Digestive System

This study will help you dive deep into the depths of your digestive system and take a good hard look at what’s happening inside you. The Gastro-Diagnostic system works safely and quickly to order special equipment for an endoscopy or colonoscopy procedure. This minimally invasive process involves only light anesthesia and is used for diagnostic purposes only — it does not establish any form of treatment.

Once complete, a radiologist will evaluate the results directly from the Imaging center via secure transfer to our facility. They are set up with full training and assistance in reading images securely online. The final diagnosis must be based upon a referral by physicians trained in this field of medical science

Radiation Revolution: An Inside Look at Diagnostic Radiology

Are you curious to learn more about diagnostic radiology? Well, this is your chance! With this study, you’ll get all the necessary information.

Diagnostic radiology is an advanced imaging technology used in hospitals, clinics, and physician’s offices worldwide. It uses specialized equipment to produce cross-section images of body parts and identify problems that cannot be seen by just taking x-rays. These images are then used to diagnose and treat conditions like cancer, heart disease, stroke, neurodegenerative diseases, musculoskeletal ailments, and more!

Opting for diagnostic radiology instead of traditional x-ray procedure allows doctors to detect subtle changes related to or unrelated health issues much earlier. It enables them to plan suitable treatments accordingly. Moreover, this sophisticated imaging tool provides detailed information about bodily organs, often serving as a guide before undertaking minor or major surgeries.

Magnifying Medical Miracles with MRI Technology

If you want to make medical miracles happen, it all starts with the right technology. Enter MRI technology – a powerful tool that gives doctors and physicians deep insight into human anatomy so they can effectively diagnose diseases and create successful treatment plans.

MRI stands for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, but we think of it as Major Resolution Imagery. Put simply; an MRI machine helps health care professionals locate problems ranging from fractures in bones to defects inside organs or arteries — something no other device on earth can do quite like this one! Plus, its cutting-edge imaging capabilities let them observe minute details without resorting to invasive surgery – true magnifying magic at work!

Exploring Ultrasonography Medical Imaging

Ultrasonography is a medical imaging technology that creates images of inside organs and structures by using high-frequency sound waves. It is commonly used to assess the health of a fetus during pregnancy and diagnose and monitor conditions such as heart disease, cancer, and kidney stones. Examples include obstetric ultrasound for pregnant women and echocardiography for assessing heart health.

This cutting-edge medical imaging technology has revolutionized how medical professionals view the body’s inner workings. With ultrasonography, you can view organs, tissues, and even unborn babies with unparalleled clarity and detail.

Role of RADS in Radiology

RADS stands for Radiology Assessment Database System. It is a system used by radiologists to store, manage, and analyze medical imaging data. Examples of popular RADS systems include PACS (Picture Archiving and Communication System) and RIS (Radiology Information System).

RADS also has powerful analytical tools that help you get the most out of your imaging datasets. It enables you to monitor patient outcomes, analyze diagnostic accuracy, and detect trends in image quality across your practice or institution. In addition, RADS includes a variety of reporting tools that let you generate custom reports and track results over time.

Deciphering Exposure Indicators through Radiology

Exposure Indicators in Radiology are measurements used to determine the amount of radiation exposure a patient has received during a radiological procedure. Examples of popular exposure indicators include the dose-area product (DAP) and the computed tomography dose index (CTDI). The DAP is a measure of the total radiation dose delivered to a patient during an imaging procedure. At the same time, the CTDI is a measure of the radiation dose delivered to a specific region of the body.

These indicators are incredibly accurate and reliable, precisely measuring the radiation dose a patient receives during a radiological procedure. With this information, you can ensure your patients get the required dosage without exceeding it.

Focal Spot/Area/Zone: Radiology

Do you want to get the most out of your radiology exams? This study will help you a lot!

Focal Spot/Area/Zone is a term used in radiology to refer to the area of the body that is being imaged. It is the area where the X-ray beam is focused and is usually the size of a pinhead. Popular examples include mammograms, which focus on the breast tissue, and CT scans, which focus on the head or chest.

Focal Spot/Area/Zone also provides safety benefits. With its pinpoint accuracy, radiation exposure time is limited and helps limit exposure to x-ray radiation. As a result, fewer images must be taken to get the desired results, reducing the risk to your patients.

An Exploration of Contrast Medium

A contrast medium is a material that is used to improve the visibility of organs, vessels, and tissues during medical imaging procedures. The procedures include X-ray, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasound. Popular examples of contrast media include barium sulfate for X-rays, gadolinium for MRI, and microbubbles for ultrasound.

Contrast medium helps in aiding quick diagnosis as it improves the accuracy and effectiveness of medical imaging procedures. The contrast medium lets your doctor get a detailed image for a great diagnosis. It also helps in warning about potential danger signs that may not be visible through standard imaging procedures.

Another advantage of using a contrast medium for medical imaging is its safety. It is FDA approved and noted to be safe for human usage.

10. A Clear Look at Mammography

A mammogram is a type of imaging test that uses low-dose X-rays to detect changes in the breast tissue. It is used to screen for and diagnose breast cancer and other conditions, such as cysts or benign tumors. Mammograms can also be used to monitor the progress of treatment for breast cancer.

Mammography involves squeezing the breasts between two plates and capturing an X-ray picture. This compression helps to spread out the breast tissue so that any abnormalities can be more easily seen on the X-ray image. The images are then sent to a radiologist, who will interpret them and report back with their findings.

11. A Guide to Abdominal Radiography

Abdominal radiography is an imaging technique used to view the internal organs and structures of the abdomen. It involves taking X-ray pictures of the abdomen, which can help diagnose various conditions such as gallstones, appendicitis, ulcers, hernias, and tumors. Abdominal radiography is also used to assess the abdominal organs’ health and monitor treatments such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy.

Whether you’re taking precautions or not sure what’s happening inside, abdominal radiography helps you and your doctor gain valuable insights into the health of your abdominal organs and provides an actual window into exactly what treatments — like chemotherapy or radiation therapy — are doing to make you feel better.

12. Marker Types – Nodules, Lesions, and Tumors:

Introducing the most comprehensive marker types – Nodules, Lesions, and Tumors! These markers provide a fast, easy and accurate way to identify different types of tissue changes with medical imaging and biopsy techniques.

Nodules are solid lumps that can form in any part of the body. They can be easily detected through CT, MRI, and ultrasounds. Lesions are an area of abnormal tissue caused by injury or disease. This can range from skin lesions such as moles and warts to brain lesions such as tumours. Finally, tumours are abnormal masses of tissue that can be either benign or malignant. Popular examples include breast cancer tumors and brain tumors

13. Exploring the Anatomy of Structures

Calling all curious learners who are interested in understanding the anatomy of structures! Explore the Skull, Chest Cavity, and Spine to satisfy your need for knowledge.

Learn the ins and outs of the Skeletal System by getting a closer look at these components. Start by delving into the Skull, the bony structure that houses and protects the brain – found in humans, cows, and other mammals. Then shift your focus to understanding the Chest Cavity and how it holds our most vital organs, like the heart and lungs. Finally, please take a look at the Spine, the column of bones that runs from head to toe and helps us stand and move.

Exploring Necrosis and Its Effects

It is typically termed cell death which happens when cells are injured, infected, or otherwise destroyed. Necrotic tissue can be identified by its discolouration and the presence of an inflammatory response in the surrounding area. It is important to understand necrosis and its effects, as it can lead to serious health complications if not treated properly.

The process of necrosis begins with cellular damage, which may occur due to physical trauma, radiation exposure, extreme temperatures, toxic chemicals, or infectious agents such as bacteria and viruses. When this damage occurs on a cellular level, enzymes are released from lysosomes within the cell, which causes further destruction of the cell’s structure and membrane integrity.

Understanding Inflammation and Its Impact

Inflammation is the body’s complicated biochemical response to injuries or illness. It is a natural process that aids in the body’s defence against external invaders such as germs and viruses while also mending damaged tissue. Inflammation can manifest itself in a variety of ways, ranging from modest redness and swelling to severe pain and fever.

While inflammation can be beneficial in some cases, it can also lead to chronic health problems if left unchecked. When inflammation becomes prolonged or excessive, it can damage healthy tissues and organs over time. This type of prolonged inflammation is known as chronic inflammation and may contribute to conditions like heart disease, diabetes, arthritis, asthma, and certain cancers.

Embracing the Unconventional: Understanding Abnormality

In a world where conformity is often expected, it can be challenging to understand and accept those who are considered “abnormal.” But what does it mean to be abnormal? Abnormality is defined as any behavior or condition that deviates from the norm. This could include physical disabilities, mental health issues, social anxieties, religious beliefs and practices, or having different interests than those around you.

When we think of abnormality in society today, there is an inherent stigma associated with it. People may fear the unknown or feel uncomfortable when confronted with something unfamiliar; this can lead them to judge others without understanding why someone might act differently than they do. So don’t assume that just because someone acts differently than you do means they’re wrong or bad!

Getting a Circular Look at Radial Angiography

Radial angiography is a medical imaging method that allows you to see the blood arteries in your body. It is commonly used to diagnose and treat coronary artery disease, aneurysms, and vascular malformations. Radial angiography utilizes X-ray images from different angles to create a circular view of the studied vessels. This allows doctors to get a better understanding of the anatomy and pathology of the vessels.

The process begins with an injection of contrast material into the patient’s bloodstream. This material helps to highlight any abnormalities or blockages that may be present in the vessels being studied. The patient is then placed in a special X-ray machine called a C-arm, which rotates around them while taking multiple images from different angles

18. Unlocking the Mysteries of a PET scan

Its full form is Positron Emission Tomography Scan. It is a powerful diagnostic tool used to detect and diagnose diseases in the body. It is a type of imaging test that uses a radioactive tracer to create detailed 3D images of the inside of the body. The tracer is injected into the patient’s bloodstream and then travels through the body. As it moves through organs and tissues, it emits signals detected by a special camera. This information is then used to create an image of the body’s internal structures.

PET scans help us diagnosing cancer, heart disease, brain disorders, and other conditions that affect organ function. They can also be used to monitor how well treatments for these conditions are working.

An Inside Look at Fluoroscopy

Fluoroscopy in medical imaging employs X-rays to provide real-time pictures of the body. It is used to diagnose and treat a variety of conditions, including cancer, heart disease, and gastrointestinal disorders. Fluoroscopy can also be used to guide minimally invasive procedures such as biopsies and catheterizations.

During a fluoroscopy procedure, the patient lies on an examination table while an X-ray machine passes radiation through the body. A detector plate detects the radiation and displays a picture on a monitor in real time. This allows the doctor to observe the movement of organs or other structures within the body

“The Not-so-Narrow Tunnel of Stenosis”

The study provides an in-depth look at the stenosis. Stenosis is a medical condition that occurs when a passageway or opening in the body narrows, such as the spinal canal or an artery. This narrowing can cause pressure on nerves and other structures, leading to pain and other symptoms. Many conditions, including age-related wear and tear of the spine, trauma, tumours, infection, and congenital abnormalities, can cause stenosis.

The most common type of stenosis is lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). LSS occurs when the spinal canal narrows in the lower back area due to degenerative changes in the spine. This narrowing can pressure the nerves that travel through this area of the spine, causing pain and other symptoms.

A Cross-Sectional Guide to Imaging Speak

Cross-sectional imaging creates a three-dimensional (3D) representation of the body by combining several images obtained from different angles. It diagnoses and monitors diseases, injuries, and other conditions. Cross-sectional imaging can be used to detect tumours, cysts, fractures, and other abnormalities in the body.

When performing cross-sectional imaging, doctors will often use contrast agents such as barium or iodine to help enhance the visibility of certain areas on the scan. Contrast agents are injected into the patient’s bloodstream before scanning so they can be seen more clearly on the scan.

Bone Densitometry Classification System

Bone densitometry is a medical imaging technique used to measure the density of bones to diagnose and monitor bone diseases. The World Health Organization (WHO) Bone Densitometry Classification System is commonly used for classifying bone density. This approach was created in 1994 and has subsequently been recognized as the gold standard for measuring bone health by several nations.

The WHO Bone Densitometry Classification System uses a four-level scale to classify bone density. The first level, normal, indicates no signs of osteoporosis or other bone diseases. The second level, low-normal, suggests that there may be some signs of osteoporosis but not enough to warrant treatment. The third level, osteopenia, indicates an increased risk of developing osteoporosis and should be monitored closely. Finally, the fourth level, osteoporosis, indicates an advanced stage of bone loss and requires immediate treatment.

23. Unraveling the Mysteries of Computed Radiography

Computed radiography (CR) is a digital imaging technique that captures and stores X-ray images. It is an alternative to traditional film-based radiography, which uses photographic film to capture the image. CR technology has revolutionized the field of medical imaging, providing faster, more accurate results than ever before.

CR works by using a special phosphor plate that is exposed to X-rays. The plate absorbs the X-rays and stores them as an electrical charge. This charge is then scanned and turned into digital data, which may be displayed on a computer monitor or printed for further examination.

Unlocking the Potential of Intraoperative Radiography

Intraoperative radiography (IORT) is a relatively new imaging technique that has the ability to alter how surgeons approach their profession. This technology allows for real-time imaging during surgery, providing surgeons with unprecedented accuracy and precision. IORT can be used to detect small tumours or other abnormalities that may not be visible to the naked eye, allowing for more precise surgical interventions.

The use of IORT in surgery has been steadily increasing over the past few years as its advantages have become more widely known. It is particularly useful in orthopedic surgeries, where it can help guide the placement of screws and other implants.

Reimagining Radiography: The Power of Virtual Radiography

Virtual radiography (VR) uses computer-generated images to create detailed 3D models of the body. This allows doctors to quickly and accurately assess a patient’s condition without performing an invasive procedure or taking multiple X-rays. VR also eliminates the need for costly equipment, such as X-ray machines, which can be expensive to maintain and operate.

The use of virtual radiography has already been shown to improve accuracy and reduce costs in many areas of healthcare. For example, it has been used successfully in orthopedic surgery, where it can provide detailed images of bones and joints that are difficult to capture with traditional X-rays. It has also been used in cardiology, which can help identify blockages in arteries without requiring an invasive procedure.

A Scintillating Look at Scintigraphy

Scintigraphy is a type of imaging technique used to diagnose and monitor various medical conditions. It involves using a radioactive tracer, injected into the body and then detected by a special camera. The camera produces images that can be used to identify areas of abnormal activity in the body, such as tumours or infections.

Scintigraphy has been used for decades to diagnose and monitor diseases such as cancer, heart disease, kidney disease, and thyroid disorders. It can also be used to detect bone fractures or other injuries. In addition, scintigraphy can be used to evaluate organ function and detect abnormalities in blood flow.

The Science behind Doppler Flow Studies

Doppler flow studies are a type of medical imaging technique used to measure the speed and direction of blood flow in the body. This type of study is based on the Doppler Effect, which is an acoustic phenomenon that occurs when sound waves are reflected off moving objects. The Doppler Effect causes a change in the frequency of the sound waves, which can be detected by specialized equipment.

In medical imaging, Doppler flow studies use ultrasound technology to detect changes in blood flow. Ultrasound waves are sent into the body and bounce off red blood cells as they move through vessels. A transducer then picks up the reflected sound waves and converts them into electrical signals that a computer can analyse.

Examining the Impact of Nuclear Medicine Studies

Nuclear medicine studies are a sort of medical imaging that employs small quantities of radioactive material to diagnose and cure disorders. Nuclear medicine studies can provide valuable information about the functioning of the body’s organs, bones, and other tissues. They are used to detect cancer, heart disease, kidney disease, and other conditions.

The use of nuclear medicine studies has increased significantly over the past few decades due to technological advances and an increased understanding of their potential benefits. However, there is still some debate about whether they should be used more widely.

Take a Peek inside Apnea Imaging: A Visual Journey

Apnea imaging is a type of medical imaging that uses specialized techniques to visualize the airways and lungs. It is used to diagnose and monitor obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a condition in which a person’s breathing stops and starts during sleep. Apnea imaging can be performed using X-rays, computed tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or ultrasound.

X-Rays: X-rays are the most commonly used form of apnea imaging. They provide detailed images of the chest and lungs, allowing doctors to identify any blockages or abnormalities in the airway. X-rays are quick and easy to perform, but they provide less detail than other forms of apnea imaging.

Anatomical Orientation: Coronal, Sagittal, Transverse

Anatomical orientation is a term used to describe the three-dimensional orientation of body structures, organs, and tissues. Medical professionals need to understand anatomical orientation to diagnose and treat patients accurately. The three main orientations are coronal, sagittal, and transverse.

The coronal orientation is referred to as a plane that divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) parts. This plane runs from side to side, perpendicular to the body’s long axis. In this orientation, structures are viewed as if looking at them from the front or back.

Sagittal orientation describes a plane that divides the body into left and right halves. This plane runs from head to toe along the body’s long axis. In this orientation, structures are viewed as if looking at them from the side.

Transverse orientation describes a plane that divides the body into upper and lower sections. This plane runs across the body’s width, perpendicular to both coronal and sagittal planes. In this orientation, structures are viewed as if looking at them from above or below.

Seeing Through the Mysteries of Radiopaque Materials

Radiopaque materials are substances that can be seen on X-ray imaging. These materials are used in a variety of medical and industrial applications, from diagnosing medical conditions to inspecting the integrity of pipelines. Radiopaque materials have unique properties that make them invaluable for these purposes, but what exactly makes them so special?

At its most basic level, radiopacity is the ability of a material to absorb X-rays and appear opaque on an X-ray image. The atomic structure of the material determines this property; some elements are naturally more radiopaque than others. For example, iodine is one of the most radiopaque elements, while carbon is relatively transparent to X-rays.

The most common type of radiopaque material used in medical imaging is barium sulfate. Barium sulfate has a high atomic number and therefore absorbs X-rays very well.

Exploring Paracentric Radiation Therapy

Paracentric radiation therapy is a type of external beam radiation therapy used to treat cancer. It is a specialized form of radiotherapy that uses multiple beams of radiation from different angles to target the tumour while sparing surrounding healthy tissue. This technique has been used for many years in treating various types of cancer, including prostate, breast, lung, and head and neck cancers.

The paracentric approach utilizes several beams of radiation focused on the tumour from different angles. This allows for more precise tumour targeting while minimizing damage to nearby healthy tissue. The beams can be directed to varying depths within the body, allowing for more effective treatment of tumours located deep within the body.

Achieving Optimal Clarity with Isotropic Resolution

Isotropic resolution refers to the ability of an imaging system to capture images with equal resolution in all directions. This means that the image will have the same level of detail regardless of the orientation or angle from which it is viewed.

The most common way to achieve isotropic resolution is through the use of multiple cameras, each capturing a different angle of view. By combining these images, a single image can be created that has equal detail in all directions. This technique is often used in medical imaging, allowing doctors tto understand better what they are looking at and make more accurate diagnoses.

Taking a Closer Look at the Future of Tomosynthesis Scanning

Tomosynthesis scanning is a revolutionary imaging technique that has the potential to revolutionize medical diagnosis. This technology uses X-ray beams to create three-dimensional images of the body, allowing doctors to see more detail than ever before. Tomosynthesis scanning has already been used in mammography and is now being explored for use in other areas of medicine, such as orthopedics and cardiology.

Tomosynthesis scanning can also be used to detect diseases or conditions that may not appear on traditional X-rays. For example, tomosynthesis scans can detect small lesions or calcifications that may indicate breast cancer before they become visible on standard mammograms.

Multiplanar Imaging: An Innovative Take on Diagnostics

Multiplanar imaging is an innovative approach to medical diagnostics that has revolutionized the way doctors and radiologists view and interpret images of the body. This technique combines multiple imaging modalities, such as MRI, CT, and ultrasound, to create a three-dimensional (3D) representation of the body’s anatomy. It allows for more accurate diagnosis and treatment planning by providing a comprehensive view of the patient’s condition.

The multiplanar imaging technique was first developed in the early 2000s to improve diagnostic accuracy and reduce radiation exposure. Multiplanar imaging is beneficial for diagnosing complex conditions such as cancer or heart disease. For example, it can help doctors determine if a tumour is malignant or benign by providing detailed information about its size, shape, and location within the body.

Getting Radial: A Guide to Mastering Imaging Algorithms

Radial imaging algorithms are a powerful tool for medical professionals, allowing them to quickly and accurately diagnose a wide range of conditions. Radial imaging algorithms use mathematical equations to create images from data collected by medical devices such as MRI scanners or ultrasound machines. These images can then be used to diagnose diseases, detect abnormalities, and monitor the progress of treatments.

Radial imaging algorithms are based on the concept of “radial symmetry” – the idea that an object can be rotated around its center point without changing its shape or size. This allows medical professionals to take multiple images from different angles and combine them into one image that shows the entire object in detail. This is especially useful for diagnosing complex conditions such as tumors or heart defects, where multiple angles may be needed to get an accurate picture.

Getting to the Core of Molecular Imaging

Molecular imaging is a rapidly growing field of medical science that has the potential to revolutionize the way we diagnose and treat diseases. Molecular imaging is a type of imaging technology that uses specialized techniques to visualize and measure molecular processes in living organisms. It is used to detect and monitor changes in biological systems at the molecular level, allowing for more accurate diagnosis and treatment of diseases.

Molecular imaging can study various biological processes, such as gene expression, protein synthesis, cell metabolism, and drug delivery. It can also be used to detect changes in tissue structure or function due to disease or injury. By providing detailed information about the underlying biology of a disease, molecular imaging can help physicians make more informed decisions about diagnosis and treatment.

Exploring the Potential of Teleradiology Systems

Teleradiology systems are becoming increasingly popular in the medical field as they offer several advantages over traditional radiology services. Teleradiology is the practice of sending images and other medical data from one location to another via electronic means. This technology has revolutionized how radiologists can care for patients, allowing them to access imaging studies from any location with an internet connection.

Additionally, teleradiology systems allow for faster diagnosis and treatment decisions due to their ability to transmit images quickly between multiple locations. This can be especially beneficial in emergencies where time is of the essence.

Computer Assisted Diagnosis (CAD) in Radiology

Computer Assisted Diagnosis (CAD) in radiology is a rapidly growing field of medical imaging technology. It involves using computer algorithms to analyze medical images and provide diagnostic information to radiologists. CAD systems are designed to detect abnormalities in medical images, such as tumours or lesions, and can be used to assist radiologists in making more accurate diagnoses.

Advances in computer technology and artificial intelligence have fueled the development of CAD systems (AI). AI algorithms are used to analyze medical images and identify patterns that may indicate an abnormality. These algorithms can also be trained on large datasets of medical images to improve their accuracy over time.

Exploring New Radio-Pharmaceutical Drugs to Improve Care

The development of new radio-pharmaceutical drugs has been a major focus of medical research in recent years. Radio-pharmaceutical drugs are pharmaceuticals that contain radioactive elements, which allow them to be used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. These drugs can be used to diagnose diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and neurological disorders and treat certain conditions.

Radiopharmaceuticals have the potential to transform healthcare delivery by enabling more accurate diagnostic and treatment choices. For example, they can be used to detect cancer at an earlier stage than traditional imaging techniques, allowing for earlier intervention and improved outcomes. They can also target specific body areas with radiation therapy or chemotherapy, reducing side effects and improving patient comfort.

Developing Protocols for Diagnostic Procedures and Interventions

Interoperability solutions for radiology involve the use of standards-based protocols and technologies to enable the sharing of medical images, patient records, and other data between different systems. This includes both hardware and software components, such as image viewers, digital archiving systems, and communication networks. Using these solutions, radiologists can access patient information from any location to make informed decisions about diagnosis and treatment.

One example of an interoperability solution for radiology is the Digital Imaging Network Architecture (DINA). DINA is a set of standards developed by the American College of Radiology (ACR) that enables the secure exchange of medical images between different systems. It also supports various imaging modalities, including X-rays, CT scans, MRI scans, ultrasound, PET scans, and nuclear medicine scans.

42. Spectroscopy: An Introduction to the Science of Spectra

Spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to identify and quantify the chemical composition of a sample. It works by measuring the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and matter, which can be used to determine the structure, composition, and physical properties of a material. Spectroscopy is widely used in many fields, such as chemistry, physics, astronomy, medicine, and engineering.

Spectroscopy involves the use of light or other forms of electromagnetic radiation to measure the energy levels of atoms or molecules in a sample. This information can then be used to determine the chemical composition and structure of the sample. The type of spectroscopic technique used depends on the type of radiation being measured (e.g., visible light, infrared light, ultraviolet light) and what kind of information is desired from the sample (e.g., molecular structure or elemental composition).

43. Nomenclature of X-Ray Imaging Tracers

X-ray imaging tracers are substances used to visualize and diagnose medical conditions. They are usually given intravenously and identified using X-ray imaging techniques like computed tomography (CT) or fluoroscopy. The nomenclature of these tracers is important for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Tracer nomenclature is based on the type of atom that is being imaged. For example, an “iodine” tracer would contain iodine atoms, while a “barium” tracer would contain barium atoms. Other common elements in X-ray imaging tracers include gadolinium, technetium, and thallium.

The name of the tracer also includes information about its chemical structure. For example, a “diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid” (DTPA) tracer contains five carboxylic acid groups attached to an amine group. This type of tracer is often used to image kidney function because it binds strongly to certain metals in the body, such as calcium and iron.

44. Exploring Effective Radiation Therapy Processes

Radiation therapy is a type of cancer treatment in which high-energy radiation is used to destroy cancer cells. It is a successful treatment for many forms of cancer, and it can be used alone or in conjunction with other therapies, including surgery and chemotherapy. The radiation therapy process involves several steps, from the initial consultation to the completion of treatment.

Consultation with a radiation oncologist is the first step, who will assess the patient’s condition and determine if radiation therapy is an appropriate treatment option. During this consultation, the doctor will discuss the risks and benefits of radiation therapy and any potential side effects.

The next step in the process is a simulation, which helps create a 3D image of the tumor so doctors can accurately target it with radiation beams during treatment. During simulation, patients are asked to lie still on a table while images are taken from multiple angles using X-rays or CT scans. This information is then used to create a 3D model of the tumor so that doctors can precisely direct radiation beams at it during treatment sessions.

Once the simulation has been completed, patients begin their actual course of radiation therapy treatments. These treatments typically last between 10-30 minutes each day for several weeks, depending on the type and severity of the cancer being treated. During each session, patients lie still on a table. At the same time, beams of high-energy X-rays are directed at them from multiple angles using sophisticated machines called linear accelerators (or LINACs).

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Machine Learning Model Based on Quantitative Analysis of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Assisting Li-Rads Diagnosis of Hcc: A Multicenter Diagnostic Study

33 Pages Posted: 22 Jul 2024 Publication Status: Under Review

Meiqin Xiao

Sun Yat-sen University (SYSU)

Sun Yat-sen University (SYSU) - State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China

Lishu Huang

Chongqing University Cancer Hospital

Sun Yat-sen University (SYSU) - Department of Medical Ultrasonics

Zhixing Guo

Sun Yat-sen University (SYSU) - Department of Ultrasound

Jianwei Wang

Chaofeng li.

Background: To enhance the accuracy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosis using contrast material–enhanced (CE) US, the American College of Radiology developed the CEUS Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS). However, the system still exhibits limitations in distinguishing between HCC and non-HCC lesions. Purpose: To investigate the viability of employing machine learning methods based on quantitative parameters of contrast-enhanced ultrasound for distinguishing HCC within LR-M nodules. Materials and Methods: This retrospective analysis was conducted on pre-treatment CEUS data from liver nodule patients across multiple centers between January 2013 and June 2022. Quantitative analysis was performed using CEUS images, and the machine learning diagnostic models based on quantitative parameters were utilized for the classification diagnosis of LR-M nodules. The performance of the model was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and compared with the performance of four radiologists. Results: The training and internal testing datasets comprised 168 patients (median age, 53 years [IQR, 45 - 63 years]), while the external testing datasets from two other centers included 110 patients (median age, 54 years [IQR, 49 - 65 years]). In the internal independent test set, the top-performing Random Forest model achieved an AUC of 0.80 (95%CI: 0.73-0.86) for diagnosing HCC. This model exhibited a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 76%, outperforming junior radiologists who achieved an AUC of 0.62 (p < .01) with sensitivity and specificity of 72% and 52%, respectively. Conclusion: There are significant differences in contrast-enhanced ultrasound quantitative parameters between HCC and non-HCC lesions. Machine learning models based on these parameters effectively distinguish HCC categorized as LR-M, serving as a valuable adjunct for accurate classification of liver nodules using CEUS LI-RADS.

Note: Funding Information: This study received no funding. Conflict of Interests: We declare no competing interests. Ethical Approval: This original research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC).

Keywords: ultrasonography, hepatocellular carcinoma, Image Enhancement

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Title: hergen: elevating radiology report generation with longitudinal data.

Abstract: Radiology reports provide detailed descriptions of medical imaging integrated with patients' medical histories, while report writing is traditionally labor-intensive, increasing radiologists' workload and the risk of diagnostic errors. Recent efforts in automating this process seek to mitigate these issues by enhancing accuracy and clinical efficiency. Emerging research in automating this process promises to alleviate these challenges by reducing errors and streamlining clinical workflows. However, existing automated approaches are based on a single timestamp and often neglect the critical temporal aspect of patients' imaging histories, which is essential for accurate longitudinal analysis. To address this gap, we propose a novel History Enhanced Radiology Report Generation (HERGen) framework that employs a employs a group causal transformer to efficiently integrate longitudinal data across patient visits. Our approach not only allows for comprehensive analysis of varied historical data but also improves the quality of generated reports through an auxiliary contrastive objective that aligns image sequences with their corresponding reports. More importantly, we introduce a curriculum learning-based strategy to adeptly handle the inherent complexity of longitudinal radiology data and thus stabilize the optimization of our framework. The extensive evaluations across three datasets demonstrate that our framework surpasses existing methods in generating accurate radiology reports and effectively predicting disease progression from medical images.

Comments:	ECCV 2024
Subjects:	Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Person-based design and evaluation of mia, a digital medical interview assistant for radiology.

1 Bern University of Applied Sciences, Bern, Switzerland
2 Department of Radiology, Lindenhofspital, Bern, Switzerland, Bern, Switzerland
3 Institute for Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Bern, Switzerland
4 Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland, Bern, Switzerland
5 Mimacom AG, Bern, Switzerland

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Radiologists frequently lack direct patient contact due to time constraints. Digital medical interview assistants aim to facilitate the collection of health information. In this paper, we propose leveraging conversational agents to realize a medical interview assistant to facilitate medical history taking, while at the same time offering patients the opportunity to ask questions on the examination. MIA, the digital medical interview assistant, was developed using a personbased design approach, involving patient opinions and expert knowledge during the design and development with a specific use case in collecting information before a mammography examination. MIA consists of two modules: the interview module and the question answering module (Q&A). To ensure interoperability with clinical information systems, we use HL7 FHIR to store and exchange the results collected by MIA during the patient interaction. The system was evaluated according to an existing evaluation framework that covers a broad range of aspects related to the technical quality of a conversational agent including usability, but also accessibility and security. 36 patients recruited from two Swiss hospitals (Lindenhof group and Inselspital, Bern) and two patient organizations conducted the usability test. MIA was favorably received by the participants, who particularly noted the clarity of communication. However, there is room for improvement in the perceived quality of the conversation, the information provided, and the protection of privacy. The Q&A module achieved a precision of 0.51, a recall of 0.87 and an F-Score of 0.64 based on 114 questions asked by the participants. Security and accessibility also require improvements. The applied person-based process described in this paper can provide best practices for future development of medical interview assistants. The application of a standardized evaluation framework helped in saving time and ensures comparability of results.

Keywords: Medical History Taking, conversational agent, Consumer Health Information, Algorithms, Patients, Radiology, user-centered design, Natural Language Processing

Received: 11 May 2024; Accepted: 22 Jul 2024.

Copyright: © 2024 Denecke, Reichenpfader, Willi, Kennel, Bonel, Nairz, Cihoric, Papaux and Von Tengg-Kobligk. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) . The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Kerstin Denecke, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Bern, Switzerland

Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

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Evaluation of the role of mri in diagnosis of hepatic focal lesions in ahmadu bello university teaching hospital, zaria nigeria.

Introduction: Focal liver disease is a common diagnostic problem referred to radiologists for evaluation owing to its nonspecific clinical presentation and marked inter-observer variation on clinical examination. Hepatic focal lesions (HFLs) are classified into benign and malignant lesions. Hemangiomas are the commonest benign tumor while hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) it is the commonest primary malignant liver tumor. HCC is the fifth most common cancer in the world and the third most frequ...

Estimation of Ocular Axial Length Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging Technique Among Adults in Jos Metropolis, North-Central Nigeria.

ABSTRACT The purposes of this study are to generate an indigenous normogram for ocular axial lengths in a Nigerian population, determine whether there are differences in axial lengths between the right and left eye and among different adult age groups. The study will also determine whether there are differences in axial lengths between males and females and possible racial differences between Nigerians and Caucasians. This prospective, cross sectional study involving one hundred (100) Nigeria...

Epidemiological Pattern of Presentation of Paragonimus Infection in the Human Host in South East Nigeria and Their Correlative Sonographic Findings in Some Organs

ABSTRACT In a cross-sectional survey, 304 subjects whose sputum and faeces tested positive for paragonimus out of a total of 1125 from Amagunze, Lokpanta and Oduma which are areas known for the parasite endemicity in Southeast Nigeria were enlisted into the study. The liver, spleen, and kidney of these subjects were sonographically examined in order to characterize the sonographic features specific for paragonimus in these organs. A total number of 456 subjects were also enlisted as control. ...

Evaluation of Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging with Clinical Findings for Brain Stroke Patients in Khartoum State

Abstract The aim of this study is to evaluate of the diffusion magnetic resonance imaging with clinical findings for brain stroke patients in Khartoum state, to evaluate the doctor's experience about the diffusion weighted imaging for brain stroke, measure the accuracy of diffusion weighted imaging in detection brain stroke, compare the DWI findings and the conventional MRI protocols findings for brain stroke, determine the most clinical findings for brain stroke and to determine the MRI depa...

Study of Coronary Artery Disease in Diabetes Mellitus patients using Cardiac Catheterization

Cardiac catheterization (heart cath) is Radiological Procedure by insertion of a catheter into a chamber or vessel of the heart followed by injection of contrast media . This is done both for diagnostic and interventional purposes. Subsets of this technique are mainly coronary catheterization, involving the catheterization of the coronary arteries, and catheterization of cardiac chambers and valves of the cardiac system, The history of cardiac catheterization dates back to Stephen Hales...

Assessment Of The Ischemic Acute Stroke Using Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Weighted Imaging

Abstract Diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) is highly sensitive in detecting early cerebral ischemic changes in acute stroke patients. This study aimed to show the role of diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) in the diagnosis of acute stroke. In this study, we compared the role of DWI with that of conventional MRI techniques. Furthermore, we compared the size of ischemic lesions on DWI scans with the fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images. We performed T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), T2-weight...

Abdominal Ultrasonography in HIV/AIDS Patients in Southwestern Nigeria

Abstract Background Though the major target of the HIV-virus is the immune system, the frequency of abdominal disorders in HIV/AIDS patients has been reported to be second only to pulmonary disease. These abdominal manifestations may be on the increase as the use of antlretroviral therapy has increased life expectancy and improved quality of life. Ultrasonography is an easy to perform, non invasive, inexpensive and safe imaging technique that is invaluable in Africa where AIDS is most prev...

Evaluation of Liver Tumors using Computed Tomography

Triphasic liver CT enables characterization of a wide range of focal liver lesions. The general objective of the study is to evaluate the role of CT in diagnosis of liver lesions. And furthermore to determine which lesion in the liver with high incidence, and to find out the geographic distribution of the liver lesions in Sudan. Sixty patients found to have focal tumoral liver lesions were recruited for 4 months period and their triphasic CT scans findings were evaluated and later correlate...

Accidental Ingestion of a Drawing Pin: A Case of an Unusual Foreign Body in the Oesophagus

INTRODUCTION Foreign body impaction in the oesophagus is a quite common occurrence but 90% of such foreign bodies pass through the digestive tract to be eliminated in stools. The incidence of complications following ingestion of foreign bodies is surprisingly low. It was 10% in a study of 2400 cases by Nanchi and Ong. Presented below is a case of a young boy who accidentally swallowed a drawing pin and in whom plain radiographs confirmed the presence and location of the foreign body. Endosc...

Classification of X-ray forUpper Limbs Trauma

The main objective of this study was to classify trauma which occur in upper limbs by using x-ray objectively. The data of this study collected from 53 patients examined by upper limbs X-ray in East Nile Hospital (Modern Hospital in Khartoum – Sudan) in the period from September 2014 to May 2015 using Digital Philips machine. The data were collected use measuring fracture healing and three variables patient height, weight, and body mass index.. The results of the study showed that mal...

Study of anatomical variations of the sphenoid sinus among Sudanese using Computed Tomography

With the expanding use of the functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS), proper understanding of the sphenoid sinus anatomy has become increasingly important. Knowledge of the size and extent of pneumatization of sphenoid sinus is an important to avoid any complications during surgery. This descriptive study was conducted in Sudan - Khartoum to study the anatomical variations of sphenoid sinus among Sudanese using ct scan. 70 images of ct for para nasal sinus (35males and 35females) we...

Evaluation of Cerebral White Matter Changes for Sudanese Hypertensive Patients Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging

The aim of this study was to evaluate the cerebral white matter changes for Sudanese hypertensive patients using magnetic resonance imaging. The sample consisted of thirty subjects randomly chosen from modern medical center and Asiahospital, they divided into control group and hypertensive group, both underwent magnetic resonance scans for the brain by (1.5T or 0.2T) machine using comparable protocols included (T1, T2 and Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery pulse sequences), a semi-quant...

Assessment of Brain Findings in Sudanese Patients with Headache Using Computed Tomography

The purpose of this descriptive cross sectional study was to evaluate the computed tomography findings of the brain in patients with headache. The study used (85) patients with headache who underwent a computed tomography scan of the brain in Amal National Hospital, the sample contained both gender (38 males and 47 females). Patients were examined in this study, ranging in age (18-65 years old) with the predominant age group (26-35 years), which accounted for 40% of the sample. All pati...

Evaluation of ExtraAxial Brain Hemorrhage Using Computed Tomography

The extra axial brain hemorrhage causes mortality when not early diagnosed and treated. The study aimed to evaluate the extra axial brain hemorrhage using computed tomography. Collcted all the patients from Ibrahim Malik Hospital from march to may 2016 .Non contrast computed tomography was done in all patients . The result from 60 patients with different age and gender diagnosed as extra axial brain hemorrhage.In this study peak incidence was among the age between (41-50 year),(63.3...

Pattern Of Asymptomatic Sexually Transmitted Infections In Women Undergoing Hysterosalpingography For Infertility Evaluation In Ibadan Nigeria

ABSTRACT The roles of gonorrhea and non-gonococcal urethritis due to Chlamydia trachomatis in the etiology of infertility due to tubal occlusion have been established by various studies. Hysterosalphingography WSG) is done to investigate tubal patency. This study was aimed at finding the prevalence of Wptomatic sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in women being investigated for infertility in a tertiary institution. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of asymptomatic infertile women ...

Radiology is the science that uses medical imaging to diagnose and sometimes also treat diseases within the body. Afribary curates list of academic papers and project topics in Radiology. You can browse Radiology project topics and materials, Radiology thesis topics, Radiology dissertation topics, Radiology seminar topics, Radiology essays, Radiology text books, lesson notes in Radiology and all academic papers in Radiology field.

Popular Papers/Topics

Knowledge, expectations and beliefs of pregnant women on antenatal ultrasound., a quantitative study about knowledge, attitude and practice of radiographers towards tuberculosis patients among radiographers and msc. rit students of sgt hospital, radiographers’ experiences of stress and methods of coping: a content analytic phenomenologic study, supernumerary kidney (triple kidney) with horseshoe component: a case report., occult metastatic follicular thyroid carcinoma masquerading as a soft tissue sarcoma of the gluteal region, imaging of congenital diaphragmatic hernias, low field mr imaging of sellar and parasellar lesions: experience in a developing country hospital, baseline chest radiographic features among antiretroviral therapy naive human immuno-deficiency virus positive children in a pediatric care program, a case of adrenal myelolipoma mimicking' pheocromocytoma, radiologists join to implement pediatric imaging training, education and outreach in nigeria, computed tomography and childhood seizure disorder in ibadan.

Trends and hot topics in radiology, nuclear medicine and medical imaging from 2011–2021: a bibliometric analysis of highly cited papers

Original Article
Published: 28 March 2022
Volume 40 , pages 847–856, ( 2022 )

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Sheng Yan 1 ,
Huiting Zhang 2 &
Jun Wang 3

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To spotlight the trends and hot topics looming from the highly cited papers in the subject category of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging with bibliometric analysis.

Materials and methods

Quo vadis Radiomics? Bibliometric analysis of 10-year Radiomics journey

Trends and statistics of artificial intelligence and radiomics research in Radiology, Nuclear Medicine, and Medical Imaging: bibliometric analysis

A Review of the Application of Multi-modal Deep Learning in Medicine: Bibliometrics and Future Directions

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Introduction

Over recent years, a number of studies have been conducted on HCPs based on data from ESI [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]. For example, Ioannidis Boyack et al. surveyed the most-cited authors of biomedical research for their views on their own influential published work [ 9 ]. Aksnes found that HCPs are typically authored by a large number of scientists, often involving international collaboration [ 10 ]. Some studies even try to predict the HCPs by mathematical models [ 11 ], implying “the first mover advantage in scientific publication” [ 12 , 13 ]. That is, the first papers in a field will, essentially regardless of content, receive citations at a rate enormously higher than papers published later.

Main publication venues of HCPs

The top 20 journals with more than 17 HCPs published are listed in Table 2 . They contributed around 80% of the total HCPs (1039/1325). The highest contribution comes from Neuroimage (207) , followed by Radiology (159) . They are also the only 2 journals with more than 100 HCPs, accounting for almost 30% of the total number of the HCPs, overwhelmingly exceeding the others on the list. As the only Q2 journal (between top 50% and top 25%) among the top five (the other four in the Q1, top 25%) by the Journal Citation Reports (JCR) quantile rankings, Neuroimage tops the list with certain surprise.

Countries distribution

Top 16 countries/regions with the most HCPs

Most influential papers by RCR

During the data processing, we found that the papers on COVID-19 published in the year of 2020 had extremely high RCR compared to papers on other subjects. As an unexpected global epidemic starting in late 2019, COVID-19 ignited research interests from all over the world especially in China where the epidemic was first reported. Many papers got quickly published and cited during this period in response to the urgent needs to find treatments. If we mix the papers, paying no attention to this public health incident, the COVID-19-related papers will take up 75% of the top 20 highly cited papers in terms of RCR (15/20), which was unfair for other non-COVID-19-related papers because of the distorted impact image. Therefore, we produced two lists of ranking: one for the non-COVID-19 papers in Table 3 and one for the COVID-19 papers in Table 4 . The yearly citation trends of each listed HCP can be seen in Figure S2 (Online Resource 2).

Table 3 shows some interesting patterns. First, 9 out of the top 20 HCPs were published in Neuroimage , which helps corroborate the findings on the main publication venues. Second, in terms of the document types, reviews (11) slightly outnumber articles (9), which may imply that reviews share the same amount of citation opportunities as the articles in the field of medical studies if not more. Third, three types of research orientations can be discerned from the top 20 HCPs: recommendations or guidelines (#1, 6, 11, 16, 18, 19); processing software (#2, 7, 9); analysis methods (#4, 5, 8, 12, 13, 15, 17, etc.).

The top ten highly cited papers on COVID-19 shows a different picture in Table 4 . 9 out of the top ten HCPs were published in Radiology , which once again testifies its popularity and importance in the field of RNMI . Ai tao ’s (2020) Correlation of Chest CT and …tops the list with RCR at 703.55, three times more than Roberto M Lang (2015) with RCR at 203.92, which shows the enormous attention paid to this unprecedented epidemic outbreak.

Most frequently explored topics

Table 5 presents the top 33 research topics above the observed frequency of 38. The observed frequency count for each topic in the abstract corpus is included in the brackets. Topics such as magnetic resonance imaging (325), deep learning (191), prostate cancer (162), chest CT (145), computed tomography (141), CT images (121), PSMA PET (119), coronavirus disease (115), convolutional neural network(s) (108) and FDG PET (100) were the top ten most frequently mentioned topics based on the corpus analysis of the abstracts. We grouped the topics into five broad categories, including devices, organs, artificial intelligence (AI), images, and others, according to topic relationships.

The first group is mainly about the imaging devices in the RNMI field including MRI (396) , CT (484) and PET (279) .

The third group are all related to AI technology ( artificial intelligence, deep learning, machine learning, convolutional neural networks, etc.).

Author keywords analysis

A total of 2796 keywords were retrieved. We set the minimum number of occurrences of a keyword at 5. Then, 131 keywords meet the threshold. For each of the 131 keywords, the total strength of the co-occurrence links with other keywords were calculated. The top 15 keywords with the greatest total link strength were shown in decreasing order in Table 6 . VOSviewer classified the 131 keywords into 9 clusters, as shown in Fig. 2 . The link strengths for deep learning, covid-19, mri, machine learning, prostate cancer, computed tomography were 79, 74, 42, 40, 39, 39, respectively. The thickness of the lines which was determined by the frequency of the keywords in HCPs shows the link strength between the keywords.

The co-occurrence of author’s keywords

It is interesting to find Neuroimage, the only Q2 journal in the top five, tops the list with the most HCPs. Research on human brains is increasing rapidly since the initiation of the WU-Minn Human Connectome Project in America in September 2010, aiming to map macroscopic human brain circuits and their relationship to behavior[ 32 ]. Many countries/regions follow the lead by starting their own brain projects, such as Human Brain Project in European Union, Brain/Minds in Japan, and Brain Science and Brain-Like Intelligence Technology in China. Therefore, topics such as functional connectivity, white matter, brain regions can be found (Table 5 ), reflecting the scientific enthusiasm in human brains. The surging research interest in brain functioning in the last decade across the globe stimulated more papers in related journals such as Neuroimage , especially after the initiation of the WU-Minn Human Connectome Project in September 2010. Besides, from January 2020, Neuroimage is an open access journal. Authors who publish in Neuroimage can make their work visible immediately, which might encourage more authors to contribute their work. It can be evidenced by more publications in Neuroimage in 2020 compared to those in previous years.

In recent years, AI has been a hot theme of modern technology and is creeping into almost every facet of modern life including medical research. Up to now, AI has been actively used in medical images recognition, medical intelligent decision-making, medical intelligent voice, and “Internet plus” medical treatment. As one of the first specialty in healthcare to adopt digital technology, radiology is well positioned to deploy AI for diagnostics due to digital images [ 34 ]. Gulshan first reported that AI could automated detected diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema from over 100 thousand retinal fundus photographs, with high sensitivity and specificity [ 35 ]. In 2017, Golden reported that AI can quickly read photos to diagnose breast cancer with lymph mode metastases, greatly improving the speed of diagnosis [ 36 ]. AI also played an important role in detecting COVID-19 [ 37 , 38 , 39 ]. In the future, AI is bound to exert greater influence on the medical field. For example, AI shows great promise in changing treatment models, promoting medicine development, reshaping the medical industry, and even impacting the career paths of the medical practitioners. It is believed that artificial intelligence will bring profound changes to future medical technology and will be a powerful driving force for future medical innovation and reform.

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Acknowledgement

This study was funded by the grant from Humanities and Social Sciences Youth Fund of China, Ministry of Education (MOE) (Grant Number 20YJC740076)

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Supplementary file1 (TIF 720 KB) Fig. S1. The yearly publication distribution of the examined 1325 HCPs.

11604_2022_1268_moesm2_esm.tif.

Supplementary file2 (TIF 7093 KB) Fig. S2. The yearly citation distribution of the top 20 HCPs (non-COVID-19) and the top 10 HCPs (COVID-19)

About this article

Yan, S., Zhang, H. & Wang, J. Trends and hot topics in radiology, nuclear medicine and medical imaging from 2011–2021: a bibliometric analysis of highly cited papers. Jpn J Radiol 40 , 847–856 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11604-022-01268-z

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Received : 14 February 2022

Accepted : 08 March 2022

Published : 28 March 2022

Issue Date : August 2022

DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/s11604-022-01268-z

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Advancements in Women’s Health Research

Women's health research at yale investigators over the years.

For more than 25 years, innovative research on health conditions specifically affecting women, more prevalent in women, or affecting women differently than men has been at the core of Women’s Health Research at Yale. The purpose of this focus is to generate needed data on women’s health and discover clinically meaningful information on differences between and among women and men that can advance health and improve lives.

A key mechanism in accomplishing this goal is Women’s Health Research at Yale’s Pilot Project Program. Initiated by Director Carolyn M. Mazure, PhD, at the launch of the center in 1998, this program provides seed funding for pilot studies designed to uncover findings that inform diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disorders on topics ranging from cardiovascular disease to cancers, Alzheimer’s disease to addiction, and more.

The investment made in these pilot projects has resulted in both valuable health information and the necessary feasibility data for our investigators to apply for external grants. Using the pilot data obtained with our funding, the return on Women’s Health Research at Yale’s investment in the form of external grant dollars is more than 20-fold, and new funds go directly into our investigators’ laboratories and research settings so they can continue the essential work they have begun at Yale.

Women’s Health Research at Yale’s Pilot Project Program has been recognized as a national model for spurring new research on the health of women and uncovering sex and gender differences that affect health outcomes.

So, let’s take a look back at just 10 of the many innovative projects over the course of our history.

Can A Gene Mutation Predict Breast Cancer Recurrence?

Bruce Haffty, MD, is a radiation oncologist and breast-cancer researcher whose work changed how women and their doctors approach the assessment of risk for recurrent breast cancer.

As one of Women’s Health Research at Yale’s first funded pilot projects in 1998, Haffty’s study showed that patients with mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, even after they had been diagnosed and undergone treatment for breast cancer, remained at greater risk for breast cancer recurrence than women without these mutations, which was again proven 15 years later.

This landmark discovery, which was published in The Lancet , provided information that women and their physicians needed to make more informed health decisions regarding both current treatment and cancer prevention. Furthermore, Haffty’s ongoing cancer research has paved the way for new methods of radiation therapy that use molecular and genetic data to determine treatments that reduce radiation resistance and improve outcomes in breast cancer patients.

Can Sex Influence Recovery Following Coronary Bypass?

Also among the inaugural Women’s Health Research at Yale pilot projects was a study by Viola Vaccarino, MD, PhD. A cardiologist and epidemiologist, Vaccarino examined whether there were sex differences in outcomes of coronary bypass surgery. At that time in the U.S., more than 180,000 women per year were having this procedure, yet data were lacking on outcomes for women.

In asking the question, “Do women benefit from the surgery in the same ways men do?,” Vaccarino was first to alert the medical community that women, in fact, had worse outcomes than men after the procedure. In the six to eight weeks after surgery, the most likely time for complications, women were nearly twice as likely as men to be readmitted to the hospital, develop infections, report lower physical functioning, and experience more depressive symptoms. Her study found the difference in outcomes could not be attributed to pre-surgery health status, current illness, or a variety of patient characteristics.

“We found that at six months after surgery, both women and men showed improvement in their functional status, but women had about half the improvement compared to men,” said Vaccarino. This foundational study informed clinicians and researchers for the first time of the increased risk of this procedure for women. Subsequently, we have seen the introduction of robotic surgery on female patients due to smaller arteries, as well as an increase in statin prescriptions to reduce cholesterol and minimize cardiovascular disease. This innovative study showed early on the need to consider sex differences when it comes to the heart.

Can The Right Message Change Behavior?

In a 1999 Women’s Health Research at Yale pilot project, psychologist Peter Salovey, PhD, began focusing on the types of public

service health messages that were effective in encouraging women to increase health promoting behaviors.

At this time, public service announcements focused on techniques meant to frighten a viewer or listener about the outcomes of risk behaviors. Specifically, to harness the greatest power of persuasion, Salovey wanted to determine if the “frame” of a message, whether it communicated a positive or negative outcome, was more likely to reduce risk behavior and influence health promoting behavior.

In Salovey’s initial work, directed toward increasing the use of routine mammography screening in women at elevated risk for breast cancer, he found that for health messages to be effective they must be tailored to how an individual was most open to receiving information. What he found was that for some women, hearing the positive benefits of screening was more likely to promote obtaining a mammogram while for others, hearing potential negative outcomes to ignoring the risk associated with not having a mammogram was more influential.

Salovey then went on to employ these findings, using concepts drawn from social psychology, to develop patient-specific

messaging that resulted in increased rates of health protective behaviors. This work included maximizing the power of messaging to persuade people to change risk behaviors related to sun exposure, tobacco use, and HIV/AIDS.

“As an early awardee of one of Women’s Health Research at Yale’s pilot grants, I was able to develop and test public health messages that encourage women at elevated risk for breast cancer to use routine mammography screening. This work led to a longer-term program of research funded by the National Cancer Institute. Thank you for ensuring that Yale is at the forefront of understanding how gender and sex influence health and illness and for educating health professionals and members of the community,” said Salovey.

Can an MRI Uncover Sex Differences of a Mood Disorder?

In her 2002 pilot project, psychiatrist Hilary Blumberg, MD, examined sex differences in the brain as it relates to bipolar disorder, a mood disorder affecting approximately 7 million Americans. Although the rates of bipolar disorder are the same for women and men, there are aspects of the disease that are different by sex and lead to worse outcomes. For example, women are more apt to suffer from depression, which increases suicide risk.

By comparing MRI brain scans of adolescent females and adolescent males, Blumberg and her team made important discoveries that revealed sex-specific differences in the brain that resulted from exposure to childhood maltreatment, including physical and emotional abuse and neglect. This research showed why females may be more likely than males to develop depression if they have suffered maltreatment. Further research by her group showed how early stress exposure could lead to differences in brain development, providing information about sex differences in pathways to the high rates of substance abuse and suicide in persons with bipolar disorder.

More than 20 years later, Blumberg continues to explore bipolar disorder as director of Yale’s Mood Disorders Research Program.

Can Antibodies Be Used As Cancer Treatments?

As a professor of both therapeutic radiology and genetics, Peter Glazer, MD, PhD, investigates new therapeutic strategies for treating cancer and the role of altered DNA repair in tumor progression. DNA repair is a collection of processes where a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that maintains integrity of the cell.

Based on a discovery from his laboratory showing that a lupus antibody, known as 3E10, can penetrate cancer cells and make them more vulnerable to radiation therapy and chemotherapy, Glazer applied for Women’s Health Research at Yale funding in 2012 to begin the process of uncovering the biological basis for how this occurs – the first step necessary in using this finding to a develop a treatment intervention.

The basic work of this grant began a process that successfully led to identifying the biological underpinnings of this finding. Glazer now has been able to design a drug intervention to potentially treat cancers, such as ovarian and breast cancer, that develop from inherited mutations to the BRCA2 gene, which suppresses tumor development. Currently, his novel process of using this antibody as a cancer therapy is being investigated in clinical trials.

“This discovery has unlocked promising new pathways for treatment of BRCA-related cancers that affect so many women around the world,” said Glazer.

Can Girls Benefit From An Autism Treatment Developed for Boys?

For years, rates of what was known as autism were higher for boys than girls, however, as clinicians and researchers increasingly

understood autism as a spectrum disorder, more girls were diagnosed along this spectrum.

As an active clinician, Pamela Ventola, PhD, saw the value of social-behavioral interventions in the treatment of autism spectrum disorder. However, an effective such therapy, Pivotal Response Therapy (PRT), had been developed and tested with boys, and there were no data on the efficacy of PRT for girls with autism spectrum disorder.

In a Women’s Health Research at Yale funded pilot project in 2015, Ventola showed, for the first time, that PRT helped girls as well as boys, and that the net benefit was greater in girls than boys.

In addition, these results led to team-based research that was successful in identifying a brain signal – detected by a non-invasive brain scan – that predicted which girls and boys were most likely to respond to PRT. Finding a pretreatment predictor of a good response was especially valuable because PRT is an intensive 16-week intervention requiring direct clinician intervention plus parental guidance. Moreover, early childhood is a window of opportunity for effective treatment that reduces the long-term personal cost for child and family.

Can Studying Single Cells Reveal Sex Differences in Alzheimer’s Disease?

The human brain contains about 100 billion individual cells that form a variety of cellular structures in the tightly packed, interconnected landscape of the human brain. For researchers seeking precise causes of impairment from Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias, the brain’s intricacy and diversity in the molecular underpinnings of these diseases have made it difficult to devise prevention strategies and treatments.

“We know so little about how Alzheimer’s disease develops,” said Le Zhang, PhD, a faculty member in charge of single-cell experimental design and data analysis at Yale School of Medicine’s Department of Neurology. “In order to understand what is happening to people with such a complex disease, we need to start at the cellular level. That must include looking at sex-specific differences that exist in single cells of women and men.”

In a major step toward this crucial understanding, Women’s Health Research at Yale co-funded a pilot project with the Yale Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center in 2020 for Zhang and neuroscientist Stephen Strittmatter, MD, PhD, to uncover sex-specific differences in the origins of Alzheimer’s disease by studying single cells.

“By understanding the subtle differences among cell populations in Alzheimer’s disease, we can build upon our knowledge of abnormalities that cause cell death and how they relate to disease symptoms such as cognitive dysfunction,” said Strittmatter. “Such knowledge has the potential to identify hidden biological clues and produce novel therapeutic targets that will benefit women and men suffering from or at risk for developing this destructive disease.”

And their pilot project proved successful: the investigators found subtle differences among cell populations gathered from women and men with and without Alzheimer’s disease. This uncovered biological information about what may cause pathological changes in brain cells. Soon after, Women’s Health Research at Yale connected Zhang and Strittmatter with another funded investigator, Hongyu Zhao, PhD. They formed a collaboration that resulted in a significant grant from the National Institutes of Health to continue their research.

Can A Mindfulness-Based Intervention For Insomnia Help Black Women?

With a pilot grant from Women’s Health Research at Yale in 2021, Soohyun Nam, PhD, tested — for the first time — an evidence-based stress-reduction intervention for insomnia that has shown potential for addressing the underlying causes of sleep difficulty in a manner culturally sensitive to the needs of Black women. Nam’s approach used a mindfulness-based therapy for insomnia (MBTI), that provides an eight-week group therapy program through which participants gain an awareness of the thoughts that fuel stress. In addition, they learn the skills to regulate their response to stress. The program included daily home practice and was designed to cultivate non-judgement, self-compassion, and present-focused awareness.

Nam and her team compared the amount and quality of sleep in participants who were randomly assigned to either the MBTI group or a control group of participants who received general education in healthy eating, physical activity, and proper sleeping strategies. She found the group receiving the MBTI intervention had improved sleeping and reduced levels of stress compared with the control group. With these data in hand, she designed a much larger trial to justify the widespread dissemination of this intervention for the benefit of this underserved population of women. As a result, Nam received two grants for more than $2.5 million to continue her research.

“Mindfulness focuses on how you live with the stress, not just how you get rid of it,” Nam said. “You regulate your emotion. And hopefully, we can help women achieve the rest they need so they can better maintain their health and well-being.”

Can Women With Chest Pain Benefit From Precision Diagnostics?

A heart attack occurs when the flow of blood to the heart is severely reduced or blocked, most often in a major cardiac artery. The current standard method for diagnosing a heart attack is a coronary angiography – a procedure in which a long, thin tube is inserted through the blood vessels to the heart, contrast dye is injected, and X-rays are used to look for the blockages caused by cholesterol build-up, called plaque.

In his 2021 Women’s Health Research at Yale pilot study, Samit Shah, MD, tested a new diagnostic approach that he developed for detecting reduced blood flow to the heart in patients who have symptoms of heart disease without blockages, which occurs more commonly in women. In fact, about 50 percent of women who suffer from heart disease do not have significant coronary artery disease with plaque buildup. After determining the lack of a coronary blockage, Dr. Shah focuses on detection of microvascular or “small vessel” disease and coronary vasospasm using specialized cutting-edge diagnostic tools. These include the use of a wire that measures 0.014 inch, which can assess pressure and flow, as well as routine testing with a medication called acetylcholine, which tests the ability of blood vessels to open, or dilate, to increase blood flow. These conditions cannot be diagnosed with routine coronary angiography and without these tests, patients are left without a clear diagnosis.

Shah has now studied more than 175 women over two years at Yale New Haven Hospital, comparing the outcomes for patients who underwent coronary angiography, the historical standard of care, with those who undergo advanced testing for microvascular disease or coronary vasospasm during the same procedure. Using this method, more than 80 percent of women have been given an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan, which has been shown to lead to better symptom relief and quality of life.

In June 2024, Shah’s groundbreaking work was published in JSCAI , the official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions, in an article titled, “Evaluating Ischemic Heart Disease in Women: Focus on Angina With Nonobstructive Coronary Arteries.”

Can A Baby’s Outcomes Be Improved With Nanoparticles?

One of the leading causes of premature delivery during pregnancy is intra-amniotic infection (IAI). This occurs when bacteria

infect the placenta, the amniotic fluid, and the membranes that line the uterus and maintain the structure of the amniotic sac. The bacteria are protected by a gel-like barrier called biofilm, making the infection even more difficult to treat with antibiotics. Without a treatment, delivery must occur quickly once IAI has been identified, which puts infants at risk of both short and long-term health challenges.

In his 2023 Women’s Health Research at Yale pilot project, pediatric surgeon and researcher David Stitelman, MD, and his team are studying whether biodegradable synthetic particles called nanoparticles – invisible to the naked eye and about 1/100 th the size of a single speck of dust – can pass through the biofilm and deliver the antibiotics to directly combat the bacteria.

“With the use of nanoparticles, we expect to see the infection clear within hours. The particles can be designed to release a large dose of antibiotics immediately and then continue to slowly release medication over days or weeks to maintain the sterile environment. Even a few more weeks of gestation dramatically improve outcomes for premature infants,” Stitelman reflects.

If the research team is successful at tailoring nanoparticles to deliver antibiotics for treatment of the IAI, they will be well positioned to continue trials on the path to a new treatment that will improve the health of newborns and women alike.

Innovation Abounds

“For more than 25 years, innovative investigators at Yale have made excellent use of our pilot project funding to understand and improve the health of women. They have made valuable inroads into understanding human biology and social factors that determine the health of women,” said Mazure, the Norma Weinberg Spungen and Joan Lebson Bildner Professor in Women’s Health Research and professor of psychiatry and psychology. “These projects have built a foundation that allows us to move forward in improving the health and lives of women and men.”

This is just a snapshot of projects that have made differences in their respective fields and in medicine more generally. Together, Women’s Health Research at Yale Investigators account for more than $115 million in external grants, bringing essential funding back to Yale University and continuing the cycle of innovation.

About Our Investigators: Current Positions

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Viola Vaccarino, MD, PhD, Rollins Professor and Chair, Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University
Pamela Ventola, PhD, Associate Professor, Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine
Le Zhang, PhD, Assistant Professor of Neurology and Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine
Hongyu Zhao, PhD, Ira V. Hiscock Professor of Biostatistics; Professor of Genetics and Professor of Statistics and Data Science, Yale School of Public Health
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Radiologist loses appeal in case claiming former practice wrongfully terminated him in violation of fmla.

A radiologist recently lost an appeal in a case claiming his former practice wrongfully terminated him in violation of the Family and Medical Leave Act.

Jason M. Browning, MD, had worked for Bay Radiology Associates in Panama City, Florida, for a decade. In August 2019, he was diagnosed with a temporary medical problem that kept him from practicing medicine, forcing him to request time off through the FMLA.

However, the practice terminated him “with cause” days afterward, according to court documents. Browning sued in September 2021 claiming breach of contract and violations of the leave act. After a series of attorney filings, a district court in August 2023 ruled that Browning had not properly established damages, issuing a summary judgment against the radiologist.

He later appealed, with a judge rejecting his request last month. Browning had argued that the court “abused its discretion” by excluding evidence that he was forced to pay tail insurance premiums (to extend his health insurance policy) following his termination.

“Notably, Browning conceded at the summary judgment hearing that he received a higher salary at his employment with [competing practice Envision Physician Services] than he would have if he had stayed with Bay Radiology, and thus, he could show no lost wages damages,” the June 27 opinion states. “Likewise, he conceded that switching his 401k did not cause him economic harm. Thus, Browning agreed that his only remaining source of damages was the tail insurance premiums that he was required to pay as a result of his for-cause termination.”

The United States Court of Appeals, 11th Circuit, contended that Browning failed to disclose his tail premium payments in previous filings, derailing the request.

“Notably, as the district court [previously] determined, it had already properly found that Browning could not establish damages with respect to his FMLA claims. In so finding, the court correctly noted that the same lack of damages finding was fatal to Browning’s breach of contract claim under Florida law, which Browning has not disputed,” the opinion stated later.

The history

Court documents detail challenges at the radiology group leading up to Browning’s termination. In October 2018, Hurricane Michael made landfall in Panama City, “significantly” impacting the practice’s finances.

Operations at hospital partners Ascension Sacred Heart Bay and Gulf Coast Regional Medical Center were “heavily disrupted” for months and Bay Radiology suffered “significant financial repercussions.” Five of the 13 radiologists left within months and Browning’s home was destroyed. After the storm, he lived in a series of temporary residences with a child born only eight days after the hurricane.

By summer 2019, Bay Radiology was experiencing difficulties servicing obligations at Ascension and Gulf Coast due to staffing shortages. Bay Radiology later notified Gulf Coast that it would no longer provide services to the hospital. And the practice allegedly told its physicians they were free to discuss joining competing practice Envision Physician Services after September 2019.

Prior to that, in July 2019, Bay Radiology called a meeting to discuss losing the hospital contract and the “continued viability” of the practice. According to minutes of the meeting, physicians decided to provide an “unrestricted release” from any covenant not to compete in each of the member employment agreements. Practice’s President Lloyd Logue, DO, even allegedly coordinated a meeting with Envision, according to court documents.

“In July and August 2019, Browning had an ongoing and continuous discussion by text message with Logue about the future of Bay Radiology and its financial situation. In these texts, Logue told Browning that: ‘The practice as we know it will be done.’”

On Aug. 21, 2019, Browning informed Logue he needed time off for a “significant medical situation with his family, unmet childcare needs, and a personal medical issue.” But Bay Radiology allegedly told him that an unapproved absence would amount to “job abandonment,” demanding an independent doctor’s note. Browning had reportedly been treated by a doc since May 2019 for a GI-related problem impacting his ability to practice. He later secured the note and submitted the required medical papers, but Bay Radiology reportedly did not approve the FMLA request.

“Instead, Bay Radiology requested a second or third medical opinion and stated that Browning would have to have a fitness-for-duty exam to return to work,” court documents state. “Logue was concerned about Browning’s FMLA request, as were all the partners according to Logue. In his experience, this GI problem would not impair someone’s ability to be a radiologist.”

Browning later requested child bonding leave, which was approved on Sept. 12, 2019. But leaders at Bay Radiology received reports that the radiologist was in the process of joining Envision during his time out. Logue later found that Browning was on the shift schedule to be working for Envision the week of Sept. 24, leading to his termination.

“Regardless, Bay Radiology did not contact Gulf Coast, Browning, Envision, or any other person to confirm why Browning was on the schedule before they terminated him,” Browning had claimed. “Instead, based on the schedule, Bay Radiology determined that Browning was in violation of his employment contract. The partners voted to terminate Browning immediately for cause. They did not provide him any notice of a breach of contract or any notice whatsoever. And they terminated him knowing that Browning had requested FMLA leave.”

Browning started providing temporary locum tenens services to Envision on Sept. 24, 2019. He finalized his contract after the firing and as a result was forced to pay $28,375 for tail insurance, which he unsuccessfully sought in court.

Law360 first reported news of the case. You can read their coverage of the decision here (subscription required).

Marty Stempniak has covered healthcare since 2012, with his byline appearing in the American Hospital Association's member magazine, Modern Healthcare and McKnight's. Prior to that, he wrote about village government and local business for his hometown newspaper in Oak Park, Illinois. He won a Peter Lisagor and Gold EXCEL awards in 2017 for his coverage of the opioid epidemic.

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23 July 2024 Cancers | Highly Cited Papers in 2023 in the Section “Systematic Review or Meta-Analysis in Cancer Research”

We are pleased to invite you to read the highly cited papers in 2023 in Cancers (ISSN: 2072-6694) in the Section “Systematic Review or Meta-Analysis in Cancer Research”. The list of relevant papers can be seen below.

“Recruitment and Retention Strategies Used in Dietary Randomized Controlled Interventions with Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review” by Samantha J. Werts, Sarah A. Lavelle, Tracy E. Crane and Cynthia A. Thomson Cancers 2023 , 15 (20), 5012; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15205012 Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/17/4366

“Different Outcomes According to Needling Point Location Used in Sham Acupuncture for Cancer-Related Pain: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis” by Boram Lee, Chan-Young Kwon, Hye Won Lee, Arya Nielsen, L. Susan Wieland, Tae-Hun Kim, Stephen Birch, Terje Alraek and Myeong Soo Lee Cancers 2023 , 15 (24), 5875; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15245875 Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/24/5875

“Interventions with Social Integration Components Addressing Psychosocial Outcomes of Young- and Middle-Aged Adult Cancer Individuals: A Systematic Review” by Pragya G. Poudel, Madeline R. Horan, Tara M. Brinkman, Zhaoming Wang, Leslie L. Robison, Melissa M. Hudson and I-Chan Huang Cancers 2023 , 15 (19), 4710; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15194710 Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/19/4710

“The Assessment of White Matter Integrity Alteration Pattern in Patients with Brain Tumor Utilizing Diffusion Tensor Imaging: A Systematic Review” by Aiman Abdul Manan, Noorazrul Azmie Yahya, Nur Hartini Mohd Taib, Zamzuri Idris and Hanani Abdul Manan Cancers 2023 , 15 (13), 3326; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15133326 Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/13/3326

“Multidimensional Predictors of Cancer-Related Fatigue Based on the Predisposing, Precipitating, and Perpetuating (3P) Model: A Systematic Review” by Yiming Wang, Lv Tian, Xia Liu, Hao Zhang, Yongchun Tang, Hong Zhang, Wenbo Nie and Lisheng Wang Cancers 2023 , 15 (24), 5879; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15245879 Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/24/5879

“VEGF Inhibitors Improve Survival Outcomes in Patients with Liver Metastases across Cancer Types—A Meta-Analysis” by Jordan W. Conway, Jorja Braden, Serigne N. Lo, Richard A. Scolyer, Matteo S. Carlino, Alexander M. Menzies, Georgina V. Long and Ines Pires da Silva Cancers 2023 , 15 (20), 5012; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15205012 Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/20/5012

“From Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) to Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC): Epidemiology, Incidence, Predictions, Risk Factors, and Prevention” by Benedetta Maria Motta, Mario Masarone, Pietro Torre and Marcello Persico Cancers 2023 , 15 (22), 5458; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15225458 Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/22/5458

“Treatment and Outcomes of Radiation-Induced Soft Tissue Sarcomas of the Extremities and Trunk—A Systematic Review of the Literature” by Maria L. Inchaustegui, Kelly Kon-Liao, Kim Ruiz-Arellanos, George Aquilino E. Silva, Marcos R. Gonzalez and Juan Pretell-Mazzini Cancers 2023 , 15( 23), 5584; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15235584 Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/23/5584

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How the origins of America’s immigrants have changed since 1850

The United States is the top destination in the world for people moving from one country to another. Over 70 million immigrants have arrived in the U.S. since 1965 , according to a Pew Research Center analysis of Census Bureau data. About 18 million have come from Mexico, making up the largest wave of immigration from a single country to the U.S.

In 2022, the number of immigrants living in the U.S. reached a high of 46.1 million, accounting for 13.8% of the population. (This includes both legal and unauthorized immigrants.)

These immigrants trace their roots to virtually all countries around the world. The largest numbers hail from Mexico (10.6 million) and India (2.8 million). That’s different from a century ago: In 1920, the largest immigrant populations were from Germany and Italy.

Pew Research Center conducted this analysis to explore how immigration patterns have changed throughout the United States and by state over time.

The maps and data in this analysis are based on Center tabulations of Census Bureau microdata from IPUMS USA . The maps show the largest country of birth for immigrants in each state or territory from 1850 to 2022. The tabulations agree as closely as possible with published Census Bureau data on the national and state foreign-born populations and other national data on the country of birth of immigrants.

Data: For the 1850-1880 and 1900-1940 censuses, the tabulations use complete count census data, which has one record for each person counted in the census. The census data comes from 1% samples for 1950 and 1970 (form 1 for 1970). For the 1960 and 1980-2000 censuses, it comes from 5% samples. For 2010 and 2022, we use the 1% sample from the American Community Survey (ACS).

States and territories: Before 1960, some censuses included data for territories that would later become states. When available, we show data for these areas and designate the territorial status in the maps with an asterisk (*). Prior to 1959, Alaska and Hawaii were not routinely represented in IPUMS datasets used in this analysis. However, IPUMS samples that include these two areas in 1900-1920 (1% samples) and 1930 (5% sample) provide data for the maps.

Immigrant population: The immigrant or foreign-born population consists of people born outside the United States or its territories who are not U.S. citizens at birth. In census data for 1970-2000 and ACS data for 2010-2022, there is a direct question on U.S. citizenship that defines the foreign-born population.

For the earlier censuses, we used several steps to define the immigrant and U.S.-born or native populations. First, people born in U.S. territories and outlying areas are considered part of the native population.

The territories defined as part of the native population are: Alaska (1870 and later); Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Guam and American Samoa (1900 and later); Philippines (1900-1940); Panama Canal Zone (1900-1970); U.S. Virgin Islands (1920 and later); Trust Territory of the Pacific (1950-1980); and Northern Mariana Islands (1950 and later).

Beginning with the 1890 census, people born outside the U.S. and its territories were considered U.S. citizens at birth if they had one or two American-born parents under certain conditions. The criteria have changed over time and do not appear to have been consistently applied in the early censuses. The IPUMS data has coded some of these cases directly. For other cases, we use the country of birth of each respondent’s mother and father (either as reported in the census or assigned by IPUMS) to determine whether the individual is foreign born.

Country of birth: Countries of birth in the tabulations generally reflect the countries and regions within countries (e.g., Alsace-Lorraine, Bavaria) recognized at the time the data was collected. This reflects the responses to the census and generally agrees with official publications from the censuses. The country boundaries are similar to modern ones but may differ slightly in some cases.

The groupings used for the countries in the census and ACS data are:

United Kingdom: England, Scotland, Wales and Channel Islands in all years; Northern Ireland in 1930 and later.
Germany: Various German states, East Germany and West Germany in all years; Alsace and Lorraine for 1870-1910.
Austria: Austria and regions defined as Austria, including Austria-Hungary.
Poland: Regions defined as Poland, Austrian Poland, German Poland, Russian Poland, Prussian Poland, Galicia, Pomerania, West Prussia and various other areas.
Russia (1850-1920), USSR (1930-1990), USSR (former): These designations basically refer to the same area. It includes Russia plus the republics within the Soviet Union (e.g., Estonia, Belarus, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Siberia). The exception is Armenia, which is treated as a separate country for 1920-1930.
China: Mongolia and Taiwan for 1850-1940; Hong Kong and Macau for 2000-2022.
Portugal: Azores, Madeira Islands and St. Miguel in all years; Cape Verde Islands through 1970.
Korea: North and South Korea.

Various other countries and regions are grouped together, but none are the top origin countries for states or in the top five origin countries nationally.

Immigrant populations by state

The share of immigrants varies widely among states, from 2% in West Virginia to 27% in California. In 2022, Mexican immigrants were the largest group in 29 states, while Indian immigrants were the largest group in six states.

Mirroring the national trend, the origins of immigrants living in each state have changed dramatically in the past century. In 1920, the largest immigrant groups in 29 states were born in Germany, Italy or Canada. And only six states had the same largest origin group in 2022 that they did in 1920: Arizona, New Mexico and Texas (all from Mexico) and Maine, Montana and Vermont (from Canada).

Maps showing where each U.S. state’s largest immigrant population was born in 1920 and 2022.

Why has the immigrant population changed over the years?

Reasons behind the changes in the U.S. immigrant population since 1965 include:

A more equitable U.S. immigration law . The 1965 Immigration and Nationality Act opened up legal immigration from Asia and Latin America. The law it replaced had favored immigrants from Northern and Western Europe and mostly barred those from Asia.
Unauthorized immigration. Unauthorized immigration to the U.S. began to grow in the 1970s , which made the total number of immigrants go up. Most of those who came before 1982 acquired legal status after the passage of the 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act . However, unauthorized immigrants continued to come in large numbers.
Further changes in U.S. immigration law. A revision to the 1965 act in 1990 allowed more legal immigrants to enter the U.S. and provided alternative ways for people to immigrate, increasing the diversity of origins.

An area chart showing the immigrant share of the U.S. population from 1850 to 2022.

Where immigrants have settled in the U.S. over time

The first large wave of immigration to the U.S. began in the 1840s and lasted until 1889. During this time, more than 14 million immigrants came to the country. Most arrived from Northern or Western Europe ; Germany, Ireland and the United Kingdom alone accounted for 70% of the new arrivals .

Top five foreign-born populations by country of origin (in millions)

Total U.S. population 23.2 million Total foreign born 2.2 million Percentage foreign born 9.7%

Note: Populations rounded to nearest 10,000. Shares and ranks based on unrounded numbers. Germany includes East and West Germany (1980-1990), German states coded by IPUMS (1850-1940). Alsace and Lorraine are part of Germany for 1870-1910 and France in other years. United Kingdom (UK) includes England, Scotland, Wales and Channel Islands in all years and Northern Ireland in 1930 and later. China includes Mongolia and Taiwan for 1850-1940; Hong Kong and Macau for 2000 and later. Poland includes areas designated as Poland by IPUMS (1850-1940) including “Austrian,” “German,” “Prussian” and “Russian” Poland. The term “Russia” is used for 1850-1920, “USSR” for 1930-1990 and “USSR (former)” for 2000 and later. These areas encompass all former republics of the USSR including Baltic states in all years. The only exception is Armenia which is coded separately in 1930-1940. Various other areas have been grouped together but do not appear in the top five countries for the U.S. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, “ Historical Census Statistics on the Foreign-Born Population of the United States: 1850-2000 ”; Pew Research Center tabulations of complete count census data for 1850-1940; census samples for 1950 (1%), 1960, 1980-2000 (5%) and 1970 (1% form 1); 2010 and 2022 American Community Survey (1%). Alaska and Hawaii from samples for 1900-1920 (1%) and 1930 (5%). All data from IPUMS.

Total U.S. population 31.4 million Total foreign born 4.1 million Percentage foreign born 13.2%

Total U.S. population 38.6 million Total foreign born 5.6 million Percentage foreign born 14.4%

Total U.S. population 50.2 million Total foreign born 6.7 million Percentage foreign born 13.3%

Total U.S. population 62.6 million Total foreign born 9.3 million Percentage foreign born 14.8%

Total U.S. population 76.0 million Total foreign born 10.3 million Percentage foreign born 13.6%

Total U.S. population 92.0 million Total foreign born 13.5 million Percentage foreign born 14.7%

Total U.S. population 105.7 million Total foreign born 13.9 million Percentage foreign born 13.2%

Total U.S. population 122.8 million Total foreign born 14.2 million Percentage foreign born 11.6%

Total U.S. population 131.7 million Total foreign born 11.6 million Percentage foreign born 8.8%

Total U.S. population 150.2 million Total foreign born 10.3 million Percentage foreign born 6.9%

Total U.S. population 179.3 million Total foreign born 9.7 million Percentage foreign born 5.4%

Total U.S. population 203.2 million Total foreign born 9.6 million Percentage foreign born 4.7%

Total U.S. population 226.5 million Total foreign born 14.1 million Percentage foreign born 6.2%

Total U.S. population 248.7 million Total foreign born 19.8 million Percentage foreign born 7.9%

Total U.S. population 281.4 million Total foreign born 31.1 million Percentage foreign born 11.1%

Total U.S. population 309.4 million Total foreign born 40.0 million Percentage foreign born 12.9%

Total U.S. population 333.3 million Total foreign born 46.1 million Percentage foreign born 13.8%

From 1850 to 1880, Germany and Ireland were the largest immigrant origin countries in most states and territories. In 1860, Ireland was the largest origin country in 22 of the nation’s 39 states and territories.

By 1880, Germany was the largest origin country in 16 states and territories. Chinese immigrants were the largest group in California, Nevada, Oregon, and the Idaho and Washington territories. Mexicans were the largest group in Texas and the New Mexico and Arizona territories.

The next wave of immigration to the U.S. lasted from 1890 to 1919, when more than 18 million immigrants arrived. By then, over 60% came from Eastern and Southern Europe, with large numbers arriving from Italy, Austria-Hungary, Russia and Poland.

The number of new immigrants fell dramatically in the years between World War I and World War II (1919 to 1939). As a result, the largest immigrant groups in each state did not change much for the next few decades.

In 1920, German immigrants were the largest group in 11 states, down from 18 in 1910. Immigrants from Italy and Russia became the largest groups in a growing number of states. At their peaks, Italians were the largest group in 10 states in 1940 and 1960, and Russians were the biggest in seven states in 1920 and 1950.

By 1960, the largest number of immigrants in most states came from Germany (17 states), Italy (10) and Canada (10).

Another wave of immigration began in 1965. Most immigrants in this wave came from Latin America (49%) or Asia (27%) . Mexico alone accounted for about 25% of these new immigrants. Large numbers also came from China, India, the Philippines, Central America and the Caribbean.

After 1990, the number of unauthorized immigrants in the U.S. started to grow quickly, from 3.5 million to 12.2 million in 2007. Most unauthorized immigrants in the U.S. at this time came from Mexico, which was also the largest source of legal immigrants.

These new legal and unauthorized arrivals led to major changes in states’ immigrant populations. Mexican immigrants became the largest group in an increasing number of states.

In 1980, Mexican immigrants were the largest group in 10 states, trailing German immigrants (19 states) and Canadian immigrants (11 states).

By 2000, Mexican immigrants were the largest group in 31 states, and Germans were no longer the largest immigrant group in any state. Immigrants from Cuba, El Salvador, the Dominican Republic, Vietnam, the Philippines and India were the largest groups in 11 states.

The onset of the Great Recession led to changes in immigration patterns. Mexican immigration to the U.S. slowed dramatically after 2007. As a result, the Mexican immigrant population stopped growing. Though Mexico remained the largest source of U.S. immigrants, Mexicans’ share of the immigrant population fell from 29% in 2010 to 23% in 2022.

Meanwhile, immigration from Asia increased rapidly. In the 2010s, there were more new arrivals from Asia than from Latin America .

The unauthorized immigrant population declined from 12.2 million in 2007 to 10.2 million in 2019. Since then, though, the unauthorized immigrant population has grown again, reaching 11.0 million in 2022 .

Mexico remained the largest country of birth for immigrants in 29 states in 2022, while India was the largest in six states. For the first time, the following origin groups made up the largest immigrant population in a state or district:

Ethiopians in the District of Columbia
Guatemalans in South Dakota
Hondurans in Louisiana

Note: This is an update of a post originally published Oct. 7, 2015.

Immigration & Migration

Jeffrey S. Passel is a senior demographer at Pew Research Center .

Jens Manuel Krogstad is a senior writer and editor at Pew Research Center .

Mohamad Moslimani is a research analyst focusing on race and ethnicity at Pew Research Center .

What we know about unauthorized immigrants living in the U.S.

What the data says about immigrants in the u.s., in some countries, immigration accounted for all population growth between 2000 and 2020, cultural issues and the 2024 election, how temporary protected status has expanded under the biden administration, most popular.

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ABOUT PEW RESEARCH CENTER Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. It is a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts .

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Radiology 's 2023 Impact Factor Is Strong at 12.1. Radiology is a top-ranked journal in medical imaging. Impact factor measures the relevance and influence of academic journals based on citation data. Thanks to our authors, reviewers, and editors for helping Radiology maintain its reputation for excellence!
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Our top publications list represents a global perspective on new research that is of highest interest to radiologists and imaging researchers. ... The number of article downloads is a general measure of interest in the topic. The Altmetric score tends to reflect "hot topics," or newsworthy issues publicized on social media and news outlets ...
Recent Development in X-Ray Imaging Technology: Future and Challenges
Abstract. X-ray imaging is a low-cost, powerful technology that has been extensively used in medical diagnosis and industrial nondestructive inspection. The ability of X-rays to penetrate through the body presents great advances for noninvasive imaging of its internal structure. In particular, the technological importance of X-ray imaging has ...
Radiography
Radiography is the use of X-rays or gamma rays to examine non-uniformly composed material; images are recorded on a sensitized surface, such as photographic film or a digital detector. Medical ...
380096 PDFs
For Researchers in Radiology. | Explore the latest full-text research PDFs, articles, conference papers, preprints and more on RADIOLOGY. Find methods information, sources, references or conduct a ...
Radiology Research and Practice
Radiology Research and Practice publishes articles on all areas of medical imaging. The journal promotes evidence-based radiology practice though the publication of original research and reviews for a multidisciplinary audience. As part of Wiley's Forward Series, this journal offers a streamlined, faster publication experience with a strong ...
273225 PDFs
Explore the latest full-text research PDFs, articles, conference papers, preprints and more on DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY. Find methods information, sources, references or conduct a literature review on ...
Trends and hot topics in radiology, nuclear medicine and medical
Materials and methods. Based on the Essential Science Indicators, this study employed a bibliometric method to examine the highly cited papers in the subject category of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging in Web of Science (WoS) Categories, both quantitatively and qualitatively. In total, 1325 highly cited papers were retrieved and assessed spanning from the years of 2011 to 2021.
Top Publications in Radiology, 2020
Radiology published the Images in Radiology report entitled "CT Imaging of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Pneumonia" on January 31, 2020 ( 1 ). This case became the first CT image of COVID-19 that was broadly circulated in the radiologic community. The "Images" submission was not "state-of-the-art" like prior publications in ...
Medical imaging
Research Open Access 18 Jul 2024 Communications Medicine. Volume: 4, P: 146. All Research & Reviews. News and Comment. Shielding sensitive medical imaging data.
Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology
Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology is a peer-reviewed, PubMed-indexed journal that publishes high-quality, comprehensive image-rich review articles, giving radiologists in-depth current clinical information for their daily practice. The Journal focuses on clinical practice, practice management, original research applicable to clinical radiology practice, quality improvement, and ...
Recent developments in artificial intelligence and radiomics
Since its first definition by Lambin in 2012, Radiomics saw an impressive raise and is currently one of the cutting-edge fields of imaging research. The possibility to mine quantitative data from medical imaging represents an invaluable occasion to improve our knowledge in several diseases and to offer patient-tailored treatments. The huge amount of data extracted from medical imaging by ...
Research Topics, News & Clinical Resources
Get daily research topics, journal summaries & news from MDLinx. Create a free account to access exclusive CME content, conference listings & more.
60+ Best Radiology Dissertation Topics
Published by Ellie Cross at December 29th, 2022 , Revised On May 16, 2024. A dissertation is an essential part of the radiology curriculum for an MD, DNB, or DMRD degree programme. Dissertations in radiology can be very tricky and challenging due to the complexity of the subject. Students must conduct thorough research to develop a first-class ...
40+ Radiology Research Topics with Descriptions
Focal Spot/Area/Zone is a term used in radiology to refer to the area of the body that is being imaged. It is the area where the X-ray beam is focused and is usually the size of a pinhead. Popular examples include mammograms, which focus on the breast tissue, and CT scans, which focus on the head or chest.
Research Topics
Quantitative PET-CT and SPECT-CT. Topics range from absolute quantitation with novel scatter, attenuation, and randoms corrections in model-based iterative reconstructions both in PET-CT and PET-MR to quantitative imaging in non-traditional radioisotopes such as Y-86, and absolute quantitation of neurotransmitter densities in dynamic PET imaging.
Machine Learning Model Based on Quantitative Analysis of ...
Background: To enhance the accuracy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosis using contrast material-enhanced (CE) US, the American College of Radiology developed the CEUS Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS). However, the system still exhibits limitations in distinguishing between HCC and non-HCC lesions.
[2407.15158] HERGen: Elevating Radiology Report Generation with
Radiology reports provide detailed descriptions of medical imaging integrated with patients' medical histories, while report writing is traditionally labor-intensive, increasing radiologists' workload and the risk of diagnostic errors. Recent efforts in automating this process seek to mitigate these issues by enhancing accuracy and clinical efficiency. Emerging research in automating this ...
Frontiers
This article is part of the Research Topic Conversational Natural Language Interfaces (CNLIs) View all articles. Person-based Design and Evaluation of MIA, a Digital Medical Interview Assistant for Radiology Provisionally accepted ... In this paper, we propose leveraging conversational agents to realize a medical interview assistant to ...
Top Publications in Radiology, 2019
Radiology publishes the best original research across the full range of specialties in radiology and imaging science. Keeping up with rapidly moving developments is a challenge. In 2019, we saw two interesting developments: First, 25% of our research articles were related to artificial intelligence and/or radiomics; second, manuscripts submitted from China now account for the second highest ...
Radiology Books and Book Reviews
Radiology Research Papers/Topics Evaluation of the Role of MRI in diagnosis of Hepatic Focal Lesions in Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria Nigeria Introduction: Focal liver disease is a common diagnostic problem referred to radiologists for evaluation owing to its nonspecific clinical presentation and marked inter-observer ...
Trends and hot topics in radiology, nuclear medicine and medical
Purpose. To spotlight the trends and hot topics looming from the highly cited papers in the subject category of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging with bibliometric analysis.. Materials and methods. Based on the Essential Science Indicators, this study employed a bibliometric method to examine the highly cited papers in the subject category of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical ...
Advancements in Women's Health Research
Research Paper Writing. Establishing a Thriving Research Program. Funding Opportunities. News. ... treatment, and prevention of disorders on topics ranging from cardiovascular disease to cancers, Alzheimer's disease to addiction, and more. ... As a professor of both therapeutic radiology and genetics, Peter Glazer, MD, PhD, investigates new ...
Radiologist loses appeal in case claiming former practice wrongfully
He later secured the note and submitted the required medical papers, but Bay Radiology reportedly did not approve the FMLA request. "Instead, Bay Radiology requested a second or third medical opinion and stated that Browning would have to have a fitness-for-duty exam to return to work," court documents state.
Cancers
We are pleased to invite you to read the highly cited papers in 2023 in Cancers (ISSN: 2072-6694) in the Section "Systematic Review or Meta-Analysis in Cancer Research". The list of relevant papers can be seen below. "Recruitment and Retention Strategies Used in Dietary Randomized Controlled Interventions with Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review"
Where immigrants to the US come from, 1850 to today
The United States is the top destination in the world for people moving from one country to another. Over 70 million immigrants have arrived in the U.S. since 1965, according to a Pew Research Center analysis of Census Bureau data.About 18 million have come from Mexico, making up the largest wave of immigration from a single country to the U.S.. In 2022, the number of immigrants living in the ...

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Trends and hot topics in radiology, nuclear medicine and medical imaging from 2011–2021: a bibliometric analysis of highly cited papers

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Intelligent breast cancer diagnosis with two-stage using mammogram images

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Mapping fibrosis pathways with MRI and genetic association analyses

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Adapting vision–language AI models to cardiology tasks

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