photographic essay design

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Advice for an Unforgettable Photo Essay

Six steps for turning your images into a memorable photo essay, from curating your best work to crafting a title.

A man sits alone on a chair on the side of the road. We see him from above, surrounded by grey cobblestones neatly placed, a broken plastic chair, and some pylons scattered along the curb. A street cat wanders out of the frame and away from the man. He appears lonely, the only person inhabiting the place in which he seems so comfortably seated. As the eye wanders throughout the frame, however, the viewer discovers more: a vast city cast beyond the street and behind the man’s chair. This image closes Sarah Pannell’s photo essay Sehir , a quiet study of urban life.

Possibilities, discovery, and stories: these are some of the most effective elements of a photo essay. Collections of images can help produce a narrative, evoke emotion, and guide the viewer through one or more perspectives. A well-executed photo essay doesn’t rely on a title or any prior knowledge of its creator; it narrates on its own, moving viewers through sensations, lessons, and reactions.

Famous photo essays like Country Doctor by W. Eugene Smith or Gordon Parks’ The Harlem Family are acclaimed for showing a glimpse into the lives of the sick and impoverished. Other well-made photo essays offer a new way to look at the everyday, such as Peter Funch’s much-reposted photo series 42nd and Vanderbilt , for which Funch photographed the same street corner for nine years. As shown by these photographers’ experiences with the medium, a collection of photos can enliven spaces and attitudes. Strong photo essays can give voice to marginalized individuals and shine a spotlight on previously overlooked experiences.

You don’t necessarily need to be a documentary photographer to create a powerful photo essay. Photo essays can showcase any topic, from nature photography to portraiture to wedding shots. We spoke to a few photographers to get their perspectives on what makes a good photo essay, and their tips for how any photographer can get started in this medium. Here are six steps to follow to create a photo essay that tells a memorable story.

Choose a specific topic or theme for your photo essay.

There are two types of photo essays: the narrative and the thematic. Narrative photo essays focus on a story you’re telling the viewer, while thematic photo essays speak to a specific subject.

The most natural method for choosing a topic or theme for your photo essay is to go with what you know. Photograph what you experience. Whether that includes people, objects, or the things you think about throughout the day, accessibility is key here. Common topics or concepts to start with are emotions (depicting sadness or happiness) or experiences (everyday life, city living).

For photographer Sharon Pannen , planning a photo essay is as simple as “picking out a subject you find interesting or you want to make a statement about.”

From Paper & Stories , a photo series by Sharon Pannen for Schön! Magazine.

Consider your photo subjects.

The subjects of your photographs, whether human or not, will fill the space of your photos and influence the mood or idea you’re trying to depict. The subject can determine whether or not your photos are considered interesting. “I always try to find someone that catches my eye. I especially like to see how the light falls on their face and how a certain aesthetic might add to their persona,” says photographer Victoria Wojtan .

While subjects and their interest factor are, well, subjective, when considering your subjects, you should ask yourself about your audience. Do other people want to see this? Is my subject representative of the larger idea my photo essay is trying to convey? Your projects can involve people you know or people you’ve only just met.

“Most projects I work on involve shooting portraits of strangers, so there’s always a tension in approaching someone for a portrait,” says photographer Taylor Dorrell . For Wojtan, that tension can help build trust with a subject and actually leads to more natural images “If there’s tension it’s usually because the person’s new to being photographed by someone for something that’s outside of a candid moment or selfie, and they need guidance for posing. This gives me the opportunity to make them feel more comfortable and let them be themselves. I tend to have a certain idea in mind, but try to allow for organic moments to happen.”

Aim for a variety of images.

Depending on your theme, there are a few types of photos you’ll want to use to anchor your essay. One or two lead photos should slowly introduce the viewer to your topic. These initial photos will function in a similar way to the introductory paragraph in a written essay or news article.

From there, you should consider further developing your narrative by introducing elements like portraiture, close ups, detail shots, and a carefully selected final photo to leave the viewer with the feeling you set out to produce in your photos. Consider your opening and closing images to be the most important elements of your photo essay, and choose them accordingly. You want your first images to hook the viewer, and you also want your final images to leave a lasting impression and perhaps offer a conclusion to the narrative you’ve developed.

Including different types of photos, shot at different ranges, angles, and perspectives, can help engage your viewer and add more texture to your series.

Says photographer Taylor Dorrell: “After I have a group of images, I tend to think about color, composition, the order the images were taken, the subject material, and relevance to the concept.”

From Taylor Dorrell’s photo essay White Fences : “White Fences is an ongoing photo series that explores the theme of suburban youth in the United States, specifically in the midwest suburb New Albany, Ohio.”

Put your emotions aside.

Self-doubt can easily come into play when working with your own photography. The adage that we are our own worst critics is often true. It can be difficult to objectively select your strongest images when creating a photo essay. This is why putting together photo essays is such a useful practice for developing your curatorial skills.

“The most important part for me is getting outside opinions. I don’t do that enough, and have a bias in selecting images that might not be the most powerful images or the most effective sequence of images,” says Dorrell. Your own perception of a photograph can cloud your ability to judge whether or not it adds to your photo essay. This is especially true when your essay deals with personal subjects. For example, a photo essay about your family may be hard to evaluate, as your own feelings about family members will impact how you take and view the photos. This is where getting feedback from peers can be invaluable to producing a strong series.

Collecting feedback while putting your photo essay together can help you determine the strengths, weaknesses, and gaps within the collection of photos you’ve produced. Ask your friends to tell you their favorites, why they like them, and what they think you’re going for in the work you’ve created. Their opinions can be your guide, not just your own emotions.

Edit your photo selection.

Beyond post-production, the series of photos you select as your essay will determine whether you’ve executed your theme or narrative effectively. Can the photos stand alone, without written words, and tell the story you set out to? Do they make sense together, in a logical sequence? The perfect photo essay will give your audience a full picture of the narrative, theme, or essence you’re looking to capture.

A good method to use to cull your images down is to remove as many as half of your images straight away to see if your narrative is still as strong with fewer photos. Or, perhaps, deciding on a small number you’d like to aim for (maybe just five to ten images) and using this as a method to narrow down to the images that tell your story best.

From Taylor Dorrell’s photo essay Over the Rhine , featured in Vice.

Give your photo essay a title, and add a concise written statement.

Finally, you’ll want to create a title and written statement for your photo essay. This will help position your work and can enable the viewer to fully understand your intention, or at least guide their perspective.

A solid written statement and title will be relevant to your topic, detail your primary objective, and introduce your point of view. It’s an opportunity to clarify your intentions to the viewer and ensure they walk away with a clear interpretation of your work. Depending on your photo essay, you may want to include several paragraphs of text, but even just one or two sentences of background can be enough to expand the viewer’s understanding of your work.

Consider if you’d like to add the written statement at the beginning of your essay to introduce it, or at the end as a conclusion. Either one can be impactful, and it depends how you’d like people to experience your work.

For his photo essay White Fences, excerpted above, Taylor Dorrell wrote only one sentence of introduction. But for his series Over the Rhine, Dorell included a longer written statement to accompany the work, which is “an ongoing photo series that seeks to explore the Cincinnati neighborhood of the same name and its surroundings. The series was started in response to the shooting of Samuel DuBose, an unarmed black man, by officer Ray Tensing of the University of Cincinnati Police, which happened July 19th, 2015.” Dorell’s text goes on to offer more background on the project, setting up the viewer with all the information they need to understand the context of the photo essay.

Depending on the motivations behind your photo essay and what sort of subject it depicts, a longer text may be necessary—or just a few words might be enough.

Looking for a place to share your photo essays with the world? Take a look at our guide to creating a photography website for tips on showcasing your photos online.

Cover image by Taylor Dorrell, from his photo essay Hurricane Over Sugar .

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Photo Essay

Photo essay generator.

We all know that photographs tell a story. These still images may be seen from various perspectives and are interpreted in different ways. Oftentimes, photographers like to give dramatic meaning to various scenarios. For instance, a blooming flower signifies a new life. Photographs always hold a deeper meaning than what they actually are.

In essay writing , photographs along with its supporting texts, play a significant role in conveying a message. Here are some examples of these kinds of photo-text combinations.

What is Photo Essay?

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Photo Essay Format

A photo essay is a series of photographs that are intended to tell a story or evoke a series of emotions in the viewer. It is a powerful way to convey messages without the need for many words. Here is a format to guide you in creating an effective photo essay:

Choose a Compelling Topic

Select a subject that you are passionate about or that you find intriguing. Ensure the topic has a clear narrative that can be expressed visually.

Plan Your Shots

Outline the story you wish to tell. This could involve a beginning, middle, and end or a thematic approach. Decide on the types of shots you need (e.g., wide shots, close-ups, portraits, action shots) to best tell the story.

Take Your Photographs

Capture a variety of images to have a wide selection when editing your essay. Focus on images that convey emotion, tell a story, or highlight your theme.

Edit Your Photos

Select the strongest images that best convey your message or story. Edit for consistency in style, color, and lighting to ensure the essay flows smoothly.

Arrange Your Photos

Order your images in a way that makes sense narratively or thematically. Consider transitions between photos to ensure they lead the viewer naturally through the story.

Include Captions or Text (Optional)

Write captions to provide context, add depth, or explain the significance of each photo. Keep text concise and impactful, letting the images remain the focus.

Present Your Photo Essay

Choose a platform for presentation, whether online, in a gallery, or as a printed booklet. Consider the layout and design, ensuring that it complements and enhances the visual narrative.

Conclude with Impact

End with a strong image or a conclusion that encapsulates the essence of your essay. Leave the viewer with something to ponder , reflecting on the message or emotions you aimed to convey.

Best Photo Essay Example

One notable example of a powerful photo essay is “The Photographic Essay: Paul Fusco’s ‘RFK Funeral Train'” by Paul Fusco. This photo essay captures the emotional journey of the train carrying the body of Robert F. Kennedy from New York to Washington, D.C., after his assassination in 1968. Fusco’s images beautifully and poignantly document the mourning and respect shown by people along the train route. The series is a moving portrayal of grief, unity, and the impact of a historical moment on the lives of ordinary individuals. The photographs are both artistically compelling and deeply human, making it a notable example of the potential for photo essays to convey complex emotions and historical narratives.

Short Photo Essay Example

The day begins quietly, marked by the soft beeping of an alarm clock at 6:00 AM. The dim glow from the screen cuts through the darkness, signaling the start of a new morning. As the alarm fades, a person stretches lazily in bed, basking in the gentle rays of sunlight streaming through the window. The morning light, still soft and golden, fills the room with a sense of calm, signaling the peaceful transition from sleep to wakefulness. Moving into the kitchen, the comforting scent of freshly brewed coffee fills the air. A steaming cup sits on the counter, the warmth rising with every breath of steam. It’s a moment of quiet reflection before the busyness of the day begins. The coffee, simple yet essential, provides a moment of pause, a brief chance to savor the stillness of the morning. Finally, the morning routine wraps up with a quiet sense of readiness. The day ahead is yet to unfold, but these small, simple moments — waking up, stretching, and enjoying a cup of coffee — set the tone for what’s to come, illustrating the peaceful rhythm of a new day.

Photo Essay For Students

Photo Essay on Nature

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Photo Essay Examples & Templates

1. narrative photo essay format example.

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2. Example of Photo Essay

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3. Travel Photo Essay Example

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4. Free Photo Essay Example

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5. Photo Essay in PDF

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6. Sample Photo Essay Example

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How to Write Photo Essay?

Writing a photo essay involves using a series of images to tell a cohesive story or convey a message, often supported by brief captions or accompanying text. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to write a successful photo essay:

Choose a Theme or Topic

Start by selecting a clear subject for your photo essay. It could be an event, a social issue, a personal story, or a particular theme (e.g., urban life, nature, emotions). Make sure it’s a topic you’re passionate about or that resonates with you, as this will influence the depth of your storytelling.

Plan the Structure

Like any narrative, your photo essay should have a beginning, middle, and end. Outline how you want to introduce the story, what key points you want to highlight in the middle, and how you will conclude it. Ensure that the flow between images feels natural and cohesive.

Take or Select Your Photos

Gather images that visually represent your story. If you’re taking the photos, consider the composition, lighting, and emotional impact of each shot. Aim for a variety of perspectives (e.g., wide shots, close-ups) to add depth to your essay.

Write Captions or Accompanying Text

For each photo, write short captions that describe what is happening or enhance the story. The captions can provide context, highlight details, or convey emotions that the photos alone may not express. Keep the text concise and focused.

Edit and Organize the Photos

Review your photos and select the strongest ones that best represent your story. Arrange them in a sequence that flows logically. Each photo should contribute something meaningful to the essay — avoid redundancy or unnecessary shots.

Add a Title and Introduction

Give your photo essay a compelling title that reflects the essence of the story. In the introduction, provide a brief overview of the topic and why it matters, setting the stage for the audience to engage with the photos.

End your essay with a final photo that wraps up the story and reinforces your message. You can add a concluding sentence or paragraph to summarize the theme or leave the viewer with something to reflect on.

Review and Refine

Review the entire essay, ensuring the images and text work together cohesively. Fine-tune the captions, check the order of the photos, and make sure your story flows smoothly from start to finish.

Types of Photo Essay

There are several types of photo essays, each serving a different purpose and employing unique approaches to visual storytelling. Here are some common types:

1. Narrative Photo Essay

Definition : This type of photo essay tells a story through a sequence of images, similar to a written narrative. The story unfolds over the course of the essay, often with a clear beginning, middle, and end.
Example : A photo essay documenting a wedding day, from the preparations to the ceremony and reception.

2. Thematic Photo Essay

Definition : A thematic photo essay focuses on a specific subject, concept, or idea. The photos revolve around the theme, but there’s no strict narrative progression.
Example : A series of photos capturing different aspects of urban street life, exploring themes like isolation, community, or movement.

3. Documentary Photo Essay

Definition : This type of essay documents real-life events, people, or places, often in a journalistic or social context. It aims to inform or raise awareness about a particular issue.
Example : A photo essay covering the effects of climate change on a specific region or community.

4. Portrait Photo Essay

Definition : A portrait photo essay focuses on a single subject or a group of people, using close-up images to capture expressions, emotions, or personality traits. The essay can explore the subject’s story or identity.
Example : A series of photos documenting the life of an artist, showing them at work, with their creations, and in their personal space.

5. Event-Based Photo Essay

Definition : This type of essay documents a specific event, often in real-time, with a series of photos capturing different moments of the event.
Example : A photo essay of a music festival or a political protest, capturing key moments and the atmosphere.

6. Process Photo Essay

Definition : A process photo essay shows the step-by-step progression of an activity or event, focusing on how something is done from start to finish.
Example : A photo essay documenting the process of making traditional pottery, from gathering clay to the final glazed product.

7. Personal Photo Essay

Definition : A personal photo essay is introspective and often documents the photographer’s own life, thoughts, or experiences. It tends to be more intimate and reflective.
Example : A self-portrait series capturing personal growth over time, or a travel photo essay of the photographer’s journey through a country.

8. Comparative Photo Essay

Definition : A comparative photo essay juxtaposes two or more subjects, places, or ideas to highlight contrasts or similarities. It can draw attention to changes over time or differences between cultures.
Example : A photo essay comparing urban life in two different cities, showcasing differences in architecture, street life, and public spaces.

Each type of photo essay provides a unique way of storytelling, allowing photographers to communicate a message, evoke emotions, or raise awareness about a specific topic or issue.

Importance of Photo Essay

The importance of a photo essay lies in its ability to communicate ideas, emotions, and stories through visual imagery in a compelling and impactful way. Here are some key reasons why photo essays are important:

1. Visual Storytelling

Photo essays allow for powerful storytelling without relying on words. By using images to tell a story, photo essays engage viewers in a more immediate and emotional way, often conveying complex narratives or concepts that words alone might struggle to express.

2. Engaging and Accessible

Images are universally understood, making photo essays more accessible to diverse audiences, including those who speak different languages or may have limited literacy. This makes them an excellent medium for broad communication, especially in journalism and social advocacy.

3. Eliciting Emotional Response

Photos have the power to evoke strong emotional reactions. A well-curated photo essay can make viewers feel empathy, sadness, joy, or outrage, which can create a lasting impression and drive awareness about important issues.

4. Raising Awareness

Photo essays are often used to highlight social, environmental, or political issues. Through documentary photography, they can bring attention to topics such as poverty, climate change, human rights, or cultural preservation, sparking conversation and inspiring action.

5. Preserving History

Photo essays document events, people, and cultures, serving as a historical record. By capturing important moments or changes in society, they preserve history for future generations and help people understand the past through a visual lens.

6. Creative Expression

For photographers and artists, photo essays offer a medium for creative expression. They can explore personal stories, abstract concepts, or artistic themes, providing a platform to showcase their vision and creativity.

7. Enhancing Communication

In journalism and media, photo essays help convey information quickly and effectively. In combination with text, they provide context and depth to stories, making them more impactful and easier to understand.

8. Influencing Change

By illustrating real-life issues, photo essays have the power to influence public opinion and policy. Images from conflict zones, protests, or environmental disasters often spark global conversations and motivate people to advocate for change.

In essence, photo essays are important because they bridge the gap between art and communication, making complex subjects more understandable, engaging, and relatable to a wide range of audiences.

Tips for Photo Essay

Here are some tips for crafting a compelling photo essay:

Choose a clear theme or story : Focus on a central idea or narrative that will guide your photo selection and create cohesion.
Plan your shots : Think about the types of images you need to tell your story, including wide shots, close-ups, and detailed images.
Show variety in composition : Use different angles, perspectives, and framing to keep the viewer engaged.
Ensure emotional connection : Capture moments that evoke emotions and convey the essence of your subject matter.
Edit carefully : Select only the best photos that contribute to the narrative, ensuring clarity and flow.
Include captions : Add brief descriptions to provide context or additional insights for each image.
Consider the sequence : Arrange your photos thoughtfully to create a logical or emotional progression throughout the essay.

1. How do I choose a theme for my photo essay?

Choose a theme that interests you or aligns with your goals. It could be based on social issues, personal experiences, travel, or everyday life. Ensure it has enough depth for visual exploration.

2. How many photos should a photo essay have?

There is no strict rule, but a typical photo essay includes 10–20 photos. Focus on quality and how well each image contributes to the overall story.

3. Do I need to include text in a photo essay?

Yes, captions or brief text can help provide context, explain the narrative, or offer background information. However, the images should carry most of the storytelling weight.

4. Can I use edited or manipulated photos in my essay?

Yes, but the level of editing depends on the purpose of the essay. For journalistic or documentary purposes, minimal editing is preferred to maintain authenticity. For artistic purposes, more creative manipulation might be appropriate.

5. What makes a strong photo essay?

A strong photo essay has a clear narrative, emotional depth, visually diverse images, and effective sequencing. Each image should add to the story, evoke a reaction, and work cohesively with the rest.

6. What are some common mistakes to avoid in a photo essay?

Avoid including too many images, losing focus on your central theme, or failing to create a cohesive story. Also, over-editing your photos can detract from the authenticity of the subject.