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• Dissertation Binding and Printing | Options, Tips, & Comparison

Dissertation Binding and Printing | Options, Tips, & Comparison

Published on September 9, 2022 by Raimo Streefkerk . Revised on July 18, 2023.

Congratulations, you’ve finally finished your dissertation . It’s been professionally proofread and checked by a solid plagiarism checker .

The final step is printing your dissertation, which means choosing between:

• Types of binding
• Color vs. black & white

Single vs. double-sided

• Paper thickness

There are a few printing and binding services to choose from as well. This article presents a few options that can help you make the right decisions.

Printing service options

Table of contents

Types of dissertation binding, dissertation printing options, production and delivery times, last checks before printing, overview of printing and binding services, other interesting articles.

Binding keeps the pages of your dissertation together, and comes in a variety of price points. Spiral binding is cheaper, a hardcover book binding is much pricier.

The type of binding you choose can depend on:

• Guidelines from your university or department
• The version (draft vs. final)
• The type of work you’re submitting ( PhD vs. master’s thesis vs. undergraduate thesis )

Spiral binding (± $7)

• Professional appearance
• Opens flat, so browsing through the pages is easy
• Fairly inexpensive

Comb binding (± $5)

• Pages are easy to browse
• Binding can be opened and closed
• Can be cheap-looking

Fastback binding (± $8)

• Professional, book-like appearance
• Available in different colors
• Individual sheets can come loose with time

Paperback binding ($10–20)

This type of binding makes your dissertation more durable and professional. In most cases, it’s possible to add front and spine lettering.

• Durable and professional
• Book-like appearance
• Opening and browsing is less smooth than with spiral or comb binding

Hardback binding ($20–50)

• Customizable cover
• Quality comes at a price

Color vs. Black & White

Check your university’s guidelines to see if there is guidance about whether to print your dissertation in color or black & white. Note that printing in color is on average two to four times more expensive.

In general, a color-printed dissertation looks more professional, but it is often not required.

Printing double-sided is often cheaper than printing single-sided, due to the paper savings — it makes your dissertation half as thick. However, some universities require you to print your dissertation single-sided. Be sure to check the guidelines.

When printing your dissertation double-sided, pay attention to the following points:

• New chapters should start on the front side of the paper. You will need to take this into account and insert “blank pages” when preparing to print.
• Add a blank page after the title page so that the acknowledgments and abstract are not printed on the back of your title page.
• The page numbering is often placed in the bottom right on the right side of the page and bottom left on the left side. You can easily set this in Word by choosing “outside alignment”.
• Check your style guide to make sure there aren’t any rules for printing.

Paper weight

The thickness of the paper (measured in gsm or grams) is something most students don’t think about, but it does have a significant impact on the look and feel of your printed thesis or dissertation.

Standard printing paper has a weight of 75–90 gsm. For a bachelor’s or master’s dissertation, this is likely fine. If you want the paper to look and feel more professional and durable, a paper weight of 100–130 gsm is better. This is often used for PhD dissertations.

Number of copies

It is common to print three to five copies of your dissertation. Depending on your university’s guidelines, you might need to submit one to three copies to your supervisor and department. In addition, you might want to have a copy for yourself or your family.

The production time for printing and binding takes on average two days, and delivery takes at least another day. For an additional charge (ranging from +20 to +80%), the production and delivery time can be shortened.

Have a looming deadline? Your local print shop is likely able to print and bind your dissertation faster, and it eliminates delivery time. However, keep in mind that this is often a little more expensive.

Before sending your dissertation to a print shop, there are three things you should do:

• Save your file as a PDF By saving your file as a PDF, the formatting will be consistent on every computer. This way you prevent any unpleasant surprises, such as offset pages, when receiving your printed product.
• Check for language mistakes There’s nothing worse than finding a language mistake in your printed version. Make sure to proofread your dissertation or make use of a professional proofreading service .
• Update the contents page Before saving your dissertation as a PDF, don’t forget to update the table of contents and cross-check the page numbers listed there with the actual page numbers.

The table below provides an overview of two popular dissertation printing and binding shops, including information on delivery costs and review score.

*Prices are based on a spiral-bound dissertation of 40 pages , printed single-sided , in black , on 80-90gsm  paper, including a clear outer front and back cover .

**Prices are based on a hardback-bound dissertation of 200 pages , printed single-sided , in black , on 90-100gsm  paper.

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Inhaltsverzeichnis

• 1 High Quality is Essential
• 3  100 g/m² Color Copy Premium Paper 
• 4 Top Quality Thesis Printing 

High Quality is Essential

The more brilliantly and true the reproduction of the colors, the better the quality of the content of your bachelor’s thesis. And in turn, this has a positive influence on the examiner! It is not only the appearance, but also the feel of the paper for thesis printing that plays such a crucial role in getting a good grade. You know the feeling of holding strong, smooth paper in your hands? High value is expressed not only for contracts and important documents, but also in the paper for thesis printing and binding.

Also searched:   Thesis printing and binding

What paper should I print my thesis on?

There are different types and qualities of papers used for printing work, depending on what needs to be printed. Some examples of these paper types are the 80 g/m², 100 g/m² and 120 g/m² papers. At BachelorPrint, we use the 100 g/m² premium paper as our standard for printing. This is because it is of very high quality, robust, and feels nice between the fingers when flipping through pages. Regardless of which type of paper you choose, the print time and cost efficiency of your thesis won’t be changed.

What is the difference between 100g/m² and 120g/m² paper?

The 100g/m² and 120g/m² papers are both used in the printing of high-quality academic writing projects. While they are both of very high quality, the 120g/m² paper is thicker and better for double-sided printing than the 100gm/² paper. As such, the 120g/m² paper is preferred for theses, dissertations and final papers as it is robust and won’t be bent so easily. However, the 100g/m² premium paper is used as a standard and comes at no extra printing and binding cost , unlike in copy shops.

Should my thesis be printed double sided?

When printing a thesis, it is important to produce something of very high quality. Often, it is recommended to print theses double-sided due to the volume of pages they have. However, it is also very important to use the 120g/m² paper for theses in order to avoid seeing through the pages to the other side of the paper. Paired with an elegant leather binding and robust paper for printing, your thesis will be of the highest quality.

What are the types of binding for thesis paper?

There are many different types of binding and which one you choose depends on the importance of the academic writing work you are printing a binding. A bachelor’s thesis or master’s thesis is very important, therefore we always recommend these to be bound using leather binding. However, if you want to hand in your thesis with an application or need it for storage purposes only, other types of binding such as thermal binding or spiral binding would be sufficient.

How much does it cost to print thesis?

Several factors influence the cost of printing and binding a thesis. These factors include but are not limited to:

• How many copies are required
• Which types of binding you choose
• How many pages the thesis has

To save money, you can pick and choose different bindings for each copy of your thesis.

Printing Your Thesis With BachelorPrint

• High-quality bindings with customizable embossing
• 3D live preview to check your work before ordering
• Free express delivery

Configure your binding now!

to the print shop

 100 g/m² Color Copy Premium Paper 

“The 100 g/m² Color Copy premium paper for thesis printing […] was specially developed to produce a particular brilliance and value.”

There are very cheap paper grades, the airy and rough quality of which can be seen with the naked eye. Touching the paper for the first time usually confirms this first impression. It just feels cheap, and it is even less fun to hold the paper in your hands longer, let alone deal with the written content. These are normally low-cost papers with a paper thickness of 80g/m².

It’s hardly surprising that the currently advertised printing prices are the lowest we’ve ever seen. But you get what you pay for, and this reflects the quality of the paper for thesis printing.

There are, however, paper types that exhibit a high quality thanks to their greater paper thickness and smooth surface. These papers include, for example, 100g/m² Color Copy premium paper  for thesis printing. This paper has been specially developed to produce a particular brilliance and value. These factors play a special role, in particular in theses.

BachelorPrint   has specifically addressed the requirements of students and graduates and thus only uses 100g/m² Color Copy paper for thesis printing. Together with leather binding, particularly with a premium suede cover, your bachelor’s thesis, master’s thesis, or doctoral thesis will stand head and shoulders above the rest!

Top Quality Thesis Printing 

Using the highest quality paper for thesis printing is worthless if the printer’s performance is limited or inferior. Only with powerful brand printers, such as those produced by multi award winning manufacturer Xerox, is the highest print quality achieved, which you can’t only see, but also feel! To make sure that graduates are convinced of the paper quality before printing, they can, of course, come in and feel the 100g/m² Color Copy premium paper  in their hands.

“Only with high performance brand printers […] can the highest print quality be achieved”

Only when you, the customer, are 100% convinced of the paper for thesis printing, the print quality and our service, have we done our job. And we’re looking forward to it!

After the printing of your bachelor’s thesis, Mmster’s thesis or dissertation, the right binding should also be chosen. We’ll give you the support you need to prepare your academic work through the experience and know-how we’ve acquired over many years. Just ask us. We wish you luck!

At BachelorPrint , the 100g/m² paper is the standard paper used for thesis printing.  However, if you have a bachelor’s thesis, master’s thesis, PhD thesis or dissertation with a very high page count, we recommend you use the 120g/m² premium paper for thesis printing and have the paper printed on both sides. In doing so, you will save space and the page limit for leather binding is then not exceeded. Thanks to the thickness of the paper for thesis printing, you can’t see the text on the other side.

Extremely satisfied, excellent deal with delivery in less than 24h. The print...

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What is GSM in Paper? Your Complete Guide to Paper Thickness

• What is GSM in Paper?…

For anyone involved or interested in printing and paper products, it is crucial to comprehend what GSM is. GSM means grams per square meter; it is an internationally accepted measuring tool that helps to define the thickness as well as the weight of the paper.

To provide a clear understanding of what GSM in paper is, how it affects the different types and aspects of print media, and why it is an important factor to take note of when looking for a printer, this blog will discuss extensively on this aspect of the paper.

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What is GSM?

The abbreviation GSM stands for Graphic Scale of Monochrome in the field of Paper. Another important material used for packing is paper, and its weight is defined in GSM, which stands for grams per square metre. It explains in detail what one is able to communicate with by sheer knowledge of how much one square meter of paper weighs.

The greater the GSM number, the more massive and often thicker the paper will be. For instance, a digital photo paper with a GSM of one hundred and sixty-five is denser and thus more suitable for the production of digital photos than a basic photocopy paper with a GSM of around sixty-five.

Closely related to this measurement is the assessment of the paper properties with the view of ascertaining their applicability to various forms of printing.

Why is GSM Important?

GSM serves significant importance across the multiple leading segments in the usage of printing and papers. It determines the texture, strength, and shades of the paper and how well the paper can hold ink. This knowledge of GSM gives the ability to choose the most appropriate paper type to serve the diverse purposes, be it professional printing, general office usage or artwork.

GSM and Paper Thickness

The calliper of paper is the thickness, and it has a relationship with the GSM of the developed paper. While GSM of higher ppm are thicker and of sturdier construction, this means they feel more like traditional paper and are assured to be durable.

Here’s a general guide to common GSM ranges and their typical uses:

A narrow, low-density paper, and usually high mass paper which has an ideal application in newspapers.

The paper can be used for normal letterheads, writing, printing, copying or other general office applications.

130-170 GSM

A thicker type of paper used in areas of posters and brochures is mostly referred to as card stock.

200-300 GSM

This is used in business cards, postcards, and covers, also referred to as the cardstock.

350-450 GSM

Standard grade R/C paper is super bright and excellent for use as packaging material, high-end brochures and folders, etc.

GSM and Paper Quality

These criteria include but are not limited to the GSM of the paper, as this aspect can significantly impact the quality of the printed material. Higher GSM papers hold more ink and do not smudge or blur as much as lower GSM papers, thus yielding clearer images on the paper’s surface.

This translates to higher print quality and less chances of such minor discrepancies as would be expected in randomly handed-out prints that were not polished to resemble professional work.

Understanding Paper Weight

It is, however, important to note that the universally used standard measurement is the GSM, but there are other measurements that might be used, especially in the US, such as the pound weight. Here’s a quick comparison to help you understand the relationship between GSM and pound weight:

20 lb bond paper

It can be approximately 75 GSM.

24 lb bond paper

It must be about 90 GSM.

28 lb bond paper

This is about 105 GSM.

Weight also refers to the paper’s GSM, which plays a crucial role in determining the resulting quality of your printed documents. Typically, papers with high GSM values result in a smoother finish that makes the prints better defined and clearer due to the sharp definition possessed by papers.

This is especially true for photos, brochures and other similar flyer printouts, as they require high-quality prints.

Factors for Choosing the Right GSM

Selecting the appropriate GSM for your print project depends on several factors:

First of all, their purpose must be identified, and that could be achieved by analysing the printed material. For instance, documents that are used daily would hardly require a high GSM and, therefore, would not make a good impression, while documents used in marketing would require a high GSM.

Think about how much wear and tear you are going to put them through and how strong the paper has to be. High GSM papers, as reviewed in this paper, are generally tougher and capable of withstanding wear and tear.

Higher papers from the various GSM classes tend to be more expensive. You must try to strike a balance between the amount of money needed to produce the printouts and the quality.

Printing Method

Make sure that the gsm that you use for your prints does not cause problems such as paper jamming on the equipment you are using.

For many years, paper standards in the print media have been an important aspect, and they have undergone specific changes from time to time. So, the guidelines regarding papers are to give you an insight into what type of paper should be used.

There are defined standards like ISO 536, which determine GSM and all other characteristics required in order to make it easier to compare similar paper products. Observing these standards ensures the accuracy and credibility of the printed media.

GSM controls the weight, thickness, and overall quality of the paper and it determines from the sturdiness and appearance of the paper all the way to the print quality of your work. Having considered the GSM with other paper types, one is in a better position to determine and obtain the best paper type that will suit his or her needs to the fullest to ensure the best-printed product is achieved.

You now know how to determine the GSM of your paper and what to expect when it comes to print quality for various types of documents, flyers, and artwork.

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Printing & binding a thesis: The ultimate how-to guide

by William Wadsworth | Last updated Feb 3, 2023 | First published on Feb 9, 2020 | 0 comments

If I’m honest, I only ever had to bind a small handful of assignments for submission, so I never really gave it too much thought. But as I started talking to more different students in different positions, I realised there were actually some important decisions to make when it comes to binding major pieces of work like a thesis or dissertation. So I asked invited BachelorPrint , a popular printing company, to share their take on the options, and what’s going to work best for you. Enjoy ! William, Exam Study Expert Founder

You’ve finally made it:

All those hours in the library, all that time bashing away at your keyboard; your big paper is nearing completion. You’ve done your proofreading , and all that remains is to choose the right printing and binding for your thesis or dissertation.

There are three things to think about:

• What’s the best thesis binding option?
• What print settings should I choose?
• Where should I get it printed?

Let’s walk through each of these in turn.

What’s the best binding option for my thesis?

For a big project or thesis, you can’t just stick a staple in it and hope for the best. Your institution might have specific submission guidelines that dictate how your research paper should be bound, which you’d be well-advised to check.

There are four main binding options:

Each method of binding a thesis, dissertation or research paper is best for different reasons, as we’ll explain.

Overview of thesis binding options

Choosing the right option can be confusing, so we’ve put together a handy overview of binding options for your thesis or dissertation, showing you which type of project each is suitable for, how many pages the binding type can accept, what options you have for the cover, and how they compare on cost:

Leather binding: go classy

Leather binding is the highest quality binding option for your thesis : perfect for major final research papers such as dissertations, or your Bachelor’s or Master’s thesis. Some print shops will let you emboss the cover with your title and institutions logo, or add finishing touches such as a bookmark or corner protectors to make your submission really stand out.

Thermal binding: go versatile

Thermal binding is the most versatile of all bindings . It’s perfect for smaller research projects, but can handle page counts of up to 450 pages too, more than any other bind type. It has a transparent front cover, which immediately brings the title of your thesis to the forefront. The back is often a leather-effect cover, for a quality finish.

Softcover binding: go creative

If you want your dissertation to stand out and look more creative , then we suggest going for a softcover binding. This gives you the option of designing the cover the way you want to. Different fonts, logos, pictures or totally wild designs – when you choose softcover, you can let your creative juices flow!

But go easy on the clipart and don’t let it get too cluttered – you still want to keep a professional-looking finish. In principle, you can use softcover binding for any type of final paper, but the page limit of 300 makes it less suitable for really big projects.

Spiral binding: go low-cost

Spiral binding is the simplest and cheapest option , perfect for smaller research projects and term papers. There are two different types of spirals available – plastic and metal – with plastic spiral bind machines often being found in university / college libraries.

Spiral binding is less suitable for larger submissions such as dissertations and theses as page count is often restricted, and with plastic spiral binding in particular, the plastic binding can interfere with a smooth page turn, making for a less polished reading experience.

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What print settings should I choose for my thesis?

Settled on a binding option for your thesis? Great. Now you just need to choose how the interior pages are going to appear.

There are four main things to think about here:

1. Black and white or colour

Printing in colour can be more expensive, but will definitely help your research paper to stand ou t, and may be particularly important in some fields like laboratory science or art history where colour is an essential component of your figures.

Be careful with to avoid gratuitous use of colour in your finished document – overdoing the colour can start to look a little cheesy!

2. Single or double-sided

Opting for double-sided keeps the finished document slimmer, (and is kinder on the planet!) though bear in mind it isn’t necessarily cheaper.

Examiners and assessors sometimes prefer single-sided so they can make notes on one side of the page, so check your institution’s submission guidelines – they often specify whether you must print on both sides of the paper or just one.

3. Paper thickness matters

Paper thickness is measured in “grams per square metre” – “gsm” or “g/m²”.

A higher gsm means a thicker paper and a more premium feel, but typically at a higher price.

Some print shops default to 80gsm. This can cause “bleed-through” when printing double-sided, which is where whatever is printed on the reverse of the page is visible from the front of the page, cheapening the overall feel of your submission.

You’ll see some improvement on bleed-through by upgrading to a thicker paper at 100gsm.

If you’re printing a major submission double-sided, especially if it’s got a lot of ink-heavy figures, you’d be best off opting for a premium 120 gsm paper.

4. Thesis printing and binding: delivery time!

Finally, make sure it arrives in time! At BachelorPrint, we offer free 24-hour express delivery as standard on all orders.

Where to go for thesis binding?

For morning-of-deadline printing and binding panics, you’re left with no alternative than to take your finished thesis, paper or dissertation to your local print shop. Most university towns will have one – though even a physical shop may have a limit on how quickly they can turn a document round, especially if it’s long and you need multiple copies.

So try and plan ahead if you can.

If you’re ready a day or more before the deadline, consider saving yourself some time (and money!), and getting access to a wider range of options through an online provider such as BachelorPrint.

At BachelorPrint , we offer:

• Free express shipping as standard: place your order by 9am (Mon-Thurs) for next-day delivery by 6pm the following day.
• A 3D preview of your binding and “look-inside” function, so you know exactly how the finished print is going to look.
• A wide range of print and bind options at student-budget-friendly prices!

Whatever options you choose for your binding and printing, and wherever you go to get the job done, we’d like to wish you all the best with your thesis!

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Thesis binding and printing options

• By DiscoverPhDs
• November 29, 2020

If you have recently completed your dissertation congratulations are in order! But the work is not finished – you now have to get your dissertation in front of examiners in a professional format. There are a number of factors to consider when producing a physical copy of your thesis :

• Type of binding (for example: helical or softback)
• Paper size (are some pages better suited for A3?)
• Print options (single or double-sided?)
• Paper quality (a range of gsm options are available)

What is Thesis/Dissertation Binding?

Thesis binding involves fastening the physical pages of your dissertation together to produce a single presentable document. As simple as it sounds, there is a lot to get right, and dissertation binding is important in giving a good impression of your work.

What are the different types of dissertation binding?

Spiral/helical/wired binding.

Spiral binding (also known as helical binding) and wired binding are very common for bachelors and masters dissertations. These options give a professional look and allow pages to be rotated 360 degrees, making for easy reading. Spiral binding uses a plastic coil, whilst wire binding uses a metal wire.

Fastback/softback binding

Fastback binding (also referred to as softback binding) uses glue to keep your dissertation pages together. This is not a very common choice for dissertation binding as it is rather formal for bachelors and masters, and perhaps not formal enough for PhD theses. Fastback binding also comes with a risk of glue losing fixity over time leading to pages falling out.

Thermal binding

Thermal binding is not very common but can be used for bachelors or masters dissertations. This type of binding is permanent (so pages cannot be easily added/removed) but is generally inexpensive. Another disadvantage of thermal bindings is that pages cannot be opened 360 degrees (as with fastback binding).

Plastic comb binding

Comb binding involves punching holes down the side of the page and binding with a plastic comb strip. This binding option is also suitable for bachelors and masters dissertations. It is a cheap option but can sometimes become difficult to navigate as pages become stuck on the plastic combing. One advantage of plastic comb binding is that it is easy to add and remove pages.

Paperback binding

Paperback binding will give your manuscript the appearance of a book and comes with personalisation options i.e. a titled cover page, spine and back. This gives a very professional appearance, too formal for a bachelors or masters dissertation, but ideal for a PhD thesis.

Hardback binding

Hardback binding again gives a book like appearance, but is expensive and typically reserved only for PhD theses. In addition to custom titling, spine and back, there is a range of material and colour options for hardback binding e.g. the gold lettering you may have seen on academic books.

What Paper Size Should I use?

Most universities will provide very clear instruction on paper sizes, most often A4. However, some pages such as technical drawings or maps may be best shown on A3. In these cases ‘fold out’ pages are an option but must be approved by your university guidelines.

Print Options:

Check your university guidelines when deciding whether to print single or double sided. If printing double sided, be careful as some pages should not be printed back to back. For example, new chapters should start on the right hand page (of a double spread) so blank pages may be required.

What Paper Quality is Suitable?

Paper thickness is measured in grams per square metre (gsm). Although there is no ideal paper thickness, too thin and you risk your dissertation feeling low quality. Too high and you risk your dissertation pages feeling like cardboard, and again pointing to low quality.

Popular UK Services:

Ryman is an affordable thesis binding service, with a range of options for dissertations and theses. Ryman often have stored on University campuses or nearby, so you can check the services provided by your local store (as an alternative to ordering online).

Doxdirect is an online service which offers a large amount of customisation when choosing a thesis binding option. The door to door service also offers a wide range of delivery and production options so you get your bound thesis in your hand as quick as possible.

Thesis Online has been around for a long time (established in 1920), and have a very good reputation. They offer an online thesis binding service and have a hand online calculator which allows you to modify your binding, printing, and deliver options and see the impact on cost in real-time.

Things to Note:

Whichever service you use to bind your thesis or dissertation, there are a few important things to remember:

When using an online service check the turnaround time. Most services take around a week to print, bind, and deliver, though faster services are available at a cost. Some universities have an onsite printing service that students can use. These services likely offer binding options which satisfy your department’s dissertation submission requirements.

An electronic copy and physical copy of your dissertation will be read differently. Whilst consecutive pages are easy to compare on a computer screen, a physical copy may have pages printed on opposite sides of a single page (if double page printed) which makes side by side comparisons difficult. This is something to consider if your text frequently refers to images or tables overleaf.

Most thesis printing services only accept PDF file formats. Ensure that when you convert your dissertation to PDF that you review the document to ensure no errors occur during conversion.

Check your university dissertation guidance on margin requirements. It is also important to factor in margins when considering binding options. Typically a minimum margin of 2.5cm is required on the side of the page to be bound.

Although it comes with an additional cost, it may be useful to purchase personal copies of your bound thesis. You can then bring your bound copy to your Viva , and ensure that what you and your examiners are looking at are identical.

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Understanding Paper Weights: A Guide to GSM and Its Uses

“GSM” stands for grams per square meter, and it’s a metric used to measure the weight and typically the thickness or density of paper. The higher the GSM number, the heavier and generally thicker the paper. Different GSMs are suited to different purposes based on their weight and feel.

Here are some common GSM values for different types of paper and their typical uses:

• Type : Very lightweight paper.
• Usage : Newspapers, cheap notepads.
• Type : Standard weight paper.
• Usage : Most standard office and home printers will use paper in this range for regular document printing. Typical A4 sheets that you put in a printer are often 80 GSM.
• Type : Medium weight paper.
• Usage : Stationery, flyers, leaflets, brochures. It’s sturdier and gives a more professional feel than the 80 GSM paper without being too thick or costly.
• Type : Slightly thicker paper/card.
• Usage : Posters, magazine covers, brochure covers, high-quality flyers. This weight is often used for materials that need to be more durable than regular paper but not as thick as card.
• Type : Heavy paper or lightweight card.
• Usage : Greeting cards, heavy brochures, presentation folders. This weight is sturdy but can still be folded without scoring, making it useful for certain printed materials.
• Type : Card.
• Usage : Business cards, show cards, invitations. This weight is very sturdy and tends to be used for products that require a solid, durable feel.
• Type : Thick card.
• Usage : Business cards with a very premium feel, heavy invitations, and other premium printed products.
• Type : Very thick card.
• Usage : Packaging, premium business cards, book covers, etc.

It’s important to note that GSM is just one characteristic of paper. The texture, finish (matte, glossy, satin), opacity, and whiteness can also vary, which impacts the paper’s look and feel. When choosing paper, especially for a special project or print job, it’s recommended to get sample sheets or swatches to make an informed decision.

Types of Paper Used for Photo Printing: From Passport Shots to Colorful Imagery

When producing photos, the type of paper you choose can significantly impact the final appearance, texture, and longevity of the image. However, not only is the printer type responsible for the quality of photo printing, but the specific photo paper used plays a role too. Different photos often require distinct paper types to achieve optimal results. Here’s a guide to the various kinds of paper used for photo printing:

• Appearance : Shiny and smooth.
• Best for : General photo printing, especially color photos where vibrancy and sharpness are desired.
• Not recommended for : Photos that will be handled frequently (fingerprints can be an issue) or viewed under direct light due to reflections.
• Appearance : Flat with no shine.
• Best for : Black and white prints, portraits, and artistic photos.
• Benefits : Reduces glare and fingerprints.
• Appearance : A cross between glossy and matte, with a slight shimmer.
• Best for : Professional portraits, weddings, and fine art prints.
• Benefits : Resists fingerprints and offers the color richness of glossy paper without the heavy glare.
• Appearance : Smooth, with a pearl-like luster.
• Best for : Photos that require high color consistency and depth, like landscapes and portraits.
• Appearance : Glossy with a chrome-like finish.
• Best for : Photos where a sharp, vibrant, and three-dimensional look is desired. Often used for commercial purposes, fashion photography, or any application looking for a unique presentation.
• Appearance : Textured, often resembling traditional artist paper.
• Best for : Artistic prints, fine art photography, and exhibitions.
• Benefits : Archival quality, meaning they last longer without fading.
• Appearance : Textured fabric.
• Best for : Large prints meant to be hung as art pieces.
• Benefits : Adds an artistic feel to photos, often used for portraits and landscapes.
• Passport and ID Photos : While these can technically be printed on various types of photo paper, many countries have specific requirements for these photos. They often require a plain, high-quality paper with no noticeable texture or finish.

When choosing a paper type, it’s essential to consider the purpose of the print, the desired aesthetic, and where/how it will be displayed. Each type of paper imparts its character to the photo, enhancing different aspects of the image.

We have discussed photo paper and the specific GSM used for various purposes. If you’re unsure about GSM and the different types of photo paper, read this article. You’ll learn essential details about printer paper and the types of photo paper used in color photo printing.

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Complete GSM Paper Guide: What is GSM Paper and How do you choose?

• November 20, 2023

If you’ve ever printed your own business cards, flyers, or other marketing materials, you might have observed that the stocks—or the paper—are identified by a term known as “GSM.” What is a GSM paper, is a question that might have come to your mind. 

Selecting the appropriate GSM paper for your printed products is crucial, so to help you get started we’ve put together this brief beginner’s guide to GSM paper and a guide to paper weight. 

What is a GSM Paper?

“Grams per square metre” (GSM) is a unit of measurement used to describe paper weight. In general, the better the perceived quality of the stock, the heavier the paper and the higher the grams per square meter. 

This is sometimes referred to as the “grammage” of the paper. 

A 150gsm flyer, for instance, is thin and bends or folds easily, whereas a 250gsm flyer is much heavier and requires more work to fold.

A square meter of the paper is weighed after it has been cut to size to get this measurement. It will certainly weigh less when trimmed to the proper size (A5 for an A5 flyer), but as GSM is measured per square meter, it will still have the same GSM.

GSM paper Guide: Why are there various GSMs?

In short, distinct items are compatible with different GSMs. For instance, a greeting card must have a thicker material than a poster since it must stand alone when shown, whereas a poster is typically framed or affixed to a wall. 

Letterheads are yet another excellent example. When a client receives letterhead paper , it should feel substantial and premium yet still be thin enough to print the letter on a typical office printer.

Restaurant menus are printed on thicker stocks since they are more likely to be used again, but bulk flyers for posting through letterboxes or takeout menus are for one time use and typically produced on a mass level. So to make it more economical, they are printed on thinner stocks.

Thicker stocks feel more impressive, while thinner stocks typically imply a lower quality. Because of this, our premium business card line is offered on 400gsm silk paper, which is significantly thicker and of higher quality than the 350gsm cards that the majority of printers offer. 

How to choose the correct GSM paper?

Going for the lowest GSM could save you some money, but choosing the right GSM paper for your business depends on its purpose. You should make sure to weigh all of your options before making a decision.

This is due to the extended lifespan of a heavier GSM. For instance, if the main purpose of the flyers is to advertise an event that is happening tonight, a 120gsm A5 flyer would be the most economical option. But if your flyer is to be included in an exhibition goodie bag, you’ll want your flyer to hold up as it gets distributed throughout the workplace. A 350gsm might be preferable in this situation.

What are various GSM paper weights?

Here is a list of all the paper weights that are available when printing online with discoverprint , along with an explanation of their potential uses.

• 70-90gsm – This is a thin paper that is usually used for a notebook’s lined inner pages. 
• 90-100gsm – The majority of printers in homes and offices use this paper weight.
• 120-150gsm – This weight of paper is used for printing movie posters, most thin flyers and takeout menus.
• 200-300gsm – Even though it’s stiffer, this weight can still bend. It’s widely used for more upscale flyers and menus, as well as magazine covers.
• 350-450gsm – This is a thicker, more pliable stock that resembles cards. It is utilized for a variety of print products, including table talkers, postcards, business cards, and greeting cards.

Still not sure which GSM Paper is best for your product? Don’t worry! Here on our blog, you can find a comprehensive list of all the different paper stocks we offer for each print item we sell, along with comparison images.

Never forget that our helpful customer support team is available to assist you if you’re still unsure or need guidance on a particular product!

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The term “GSM” stands for “grams per square meter.”

Paper, in its diverse forms, serves as the foundation for countless creative endeavors and everyday tasks. But beyond its visual appeal and tactile qualities, lies a crucial element that impacts its performance: GSM, or grams per square meter. This seemingly simple metric holds the key to understanding a paper's weight, thickness, and suitability for various purposes.

What is GSM?

GSM is a standardized unit that measures the weight of a single square meter of paper. In simpler terms, it indicates how heavy the paper is compared to its size. A higher GSM signifies heavier and thicker paper, while a lower GSM denotes lighter and thinner paper.

Understanding GSM Range and Applications:

• 70-90 GSM: This lightweight category is perfect for everyday printing and writing tasks like notebooks, copy paper, and standard envelopes.
• 100-120 GSM: This medium-weight paper offers increased durability and is suitable for flyers, brochures, and light cardstock applications.
• 140-170 GSM: Ideal for business cards, postcards, and photo prints, this category provides excellent rigidity and a more premium feel.
• 200-300 GSM: This heavyweight paper offers superior strength and is perfect for high-quality presentations, menus, and greeting cards.
• 300+ GSM: This category encompasses specialty papers like cardstock, poster paper, and art paper, designed for demanding applications like art prints, packaging, and book covers.

Factors Influencing GSM Choice:

• Purpose: The intended use of the paper is the primary consideration. High-impact visuals and demanding applications require heavier paper for better durability and visual impact.
• Printing Method: Different printing techniques work best with specific GSM ranges. For instance, inkjet printers require paper that absorbs ink without bleeding, while laser printers need paper that can withstand heat.
• Aesthetics: GSM affects the paper's texture, opacity, and color vibrancy. Choose paper that complements the visual style you wish to achieve.
• Budget: Heavier paper often comes at a higher cost. Consider your budget and intended use to find the best value.

Beyond the Numbers: GSM and Sustainability

GSM also plays a crucial role in environmental considerations. By opting for lighter paper whenever feasible, we can minimize resource consumption and waste generation. Additionally, choosing recycled paper with lower GSM contributes to a more sustainable approach.

Remember, understanding GSM is not just about numbers; it's about choosing the right paper for optimal performance and minimizing environmental impact. By considering your needs and making informed choices, you can unlock the full potential of this versatile material.

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What Is GSM in Paper? Essential Insights Revealed

• Publication Date: 26/08/2024

GSM, or Grams per Square Meter, measures paper weight and plays a critical role in defining paper quality and thickness. Understanding GSM helps users discern how various paper types will perform in different settings, from everyday printing to specialized projects.

What does GSM mean in relation to paper?

GSM stands for Grams per Square Meter and measures paper weight, directly correlating to its thickness and quality. Higher GSM indicates thicker, more durable paper, typically used for premium print jobs, while lower GSM is suited for everyday printing needs.

Key Points on GSM in Paper

• GSM determines the paper’s weight and thickness , impacting printability and feel.
• Lower GSM is ideal for bulk printing where flexibility and cost are priorities.
• Higher GSM offers durability and a premium feel, suitable for business cards and invitations.
• Choosing the correct GSM is crucial for avoiding printer jams and ensuring product quality.
• GSM affects both the opacity and the stiffness of paper, influencing double-sided printing capabilities.
• Understanding GSM can help make informed purchasing decisions for various printing needs.

GSM Paper Guide

GSM stands not just for ‘Grams per Square Meter’ but also for ‘Get Some More’ when you’re out picking the perfect paper. Whether you’re printing your resume or whipping up a spicy homemade flyer, knowing the GSM of your paper can really make a difference. It’s all about the feel and heft of the paper in your hands. Is it feather-light or does it have some heft like a heavyweight champ?

From thin printer paper to sturdy business cards, the GSM will guide your choice. Higher GSM means thicker, more durable paper. This might not be the best for your everyday printer, but it’s ideal when you need to impress with a high-stakes business proposal or want your party invitations to stand out. On the flip side, lower GSM works wonders for bulk printing without breaking the bank or the printer.

Next time you shop, peek at the GSM. It’s a simple number with big implications for your printing projects. If you’re looking to restock, consider browsing through a wide selection of printer paper available online . From lightweight to card stock, there’s a GSM to fit every need and project.

Viking Everyday A4 Printer Paper White 80 gsm Smooth 500 Sheets Pack of 5

Viking Economy A4 Printer Paper 80 gsm Smooth White 500 Sheets

Viking Everyday A4 Printer Paper White 80 gsm Smooth 500 Sheets

Viking Economy A4 Printer Paper 80 gsm White 5 Packs of 500 Sheets

HP Office A4 Printer Paper 80 gsm Matt White 2500 Sheets

Different gsm paper types.

Ever wondered why a poster feels different from a magazine page? That’s GSM at play—ranging from the delicate 17 GSM of tissue paper to the robust 400 GSM of a luxe business card. Different GSM paper types are like the spices in your kitchen cabinet; each serves a unique purpose and changes the outcome of your dish—or in this case, your project.

For everyday needs, printer paper usually hangs out in the 70-100 GSM zone, perfect for those text-heavy documents. Jumping up, a 300 GSM paper turns into the star for photographers and designers, offering a sturdy base for vibrant prints and presentations. It’s all about picking the right GSM for the job. Too light, and it feels cheap; too heavy, and your printer might just throw a fit.

Understanding the landscape of GSM can help you make savvy decisions whether you’re stocking up for an office or planning a special project. Each type of paper brings its own flavor to the table, and knowing which GSM fits the bill can transform an ordinary print job into an extraordinary presentation.

Choosing the Right GSM Paper

Selecting the perfect GSM for your printing needs isn’t rocket science, but it might as well be an art form. Think of it like choosing a shirt for a first date—what impression do you want to make? For high-end business cards or wedding invitations, a higher GSM will feel rich and luxurious in hand—talk about making a solid first impression!

On the practical side, consider the printer at your disposal. Not all heroes wear capes—some just handle higher GSMs without a hitch. If your printer is more of an everyday hero, stick to mid-range GSMs to avoid paper jams and office drama. For artists and crafters, a high GSM paper opens a world of possibilities with its durability and quality, perfect for everything from watercolor art to fancy origami.

Choosing wisely can save you from a world of hassle. It’s not just about what feels good; it’s about what works best for your purpose. Whether you’re preparing menus for your restaurant or printing flyers for a local event, the right GSM can elevate your material, making your message clear and impactful.

Impact of GSM on Paper Size and Thickness

When talking GSM, we’re not just measuring weight; we’re measuring character. Think of GSM as the backbone of your paper—it determines how it holds up to ink, handling, and even the judgmental gaze of a discerning reader. Higher GSM papers scream ‘quality’ and ‘durability’, perfect for those projects where you want to leave a lasting impression.

But it’s not all about looking good on the surface. The right GSM affects more than just appearance; it changes how the paper behaves. Higher GSM papers have less show-through, making them ideal for double-sided printing without any peek-a-boo from inks on the other side. They also offer a satisfying thickness that makes flipping through pages a tactile pleasure.

Understanding the nuanced impacts of GSM on paper size and thickness can significantly enhance your printing projects. Whether you’re crafting a booklet or setting up promotional materials, choosing the right GSM can mean the difference between mediocre and magnificent. Always consider the GSM to ensure your final product not only looks the part but feels it too.

At Viking, we understand that the right paper choice can significantly enhance workplace productivity and environmental sustainability. Choosing the correct GSM paper helps in creating impressive, high-quality documents while being mindful of paper consumption.

We are dedicated to offering solutions that not only meet your quality expectations but also align with your budget and ecological values. For all your paper needs, Viking ensures you get the best balance of durability, functionality, and cost-effectiveness.

Frequently Asked Questions

How does gsm affect the quality of paper.

The GSM of paper, or grams per square meter, directly impacts its quality and durability. Higher GSM indicates a thicker, sturdier paper that is less prone to tearing and better for high-quality printing, making it ideal for business cards and professional brochures.

What GSM paper is best for everyday printing?

For everyday printing needs such as documents or homework, a GSM range of 70 to 100 is typically sufficient. This GSM range provides a good balance between durability and cost-effectiveness, ensuring that the paper is sturdy enough for text printing while avoiding unnecessary thickness.

Does higher GSM mean better paper for all uses?

While a higher GSM paper is generally thicker and more durable, it’s not necessarily better for all purposes. For instance, lighter GSM paper, like 50-60 GSM, is preferable for newsprint and everyday use where flexibility and cost are more important than thickness and weight.

How does GSM impact environmental sustainability?

Choosing the right GSM can also have environmental implications. Higher GSM papers use more resources and contribute to higher transportation costs due to their weight. Opting for lower GSMs where feasible can reduce material use and environmental footprint, aligning better with sustainable practices.

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Everything You Need To Know About Paper GSM And How It Affects Your Printing

Knowing the right paper GSM for your printing requirements is crucial to ensure that you get the best results and avoid unexpected printing issues. If you are in the advertising industry, the paper you use can help create a good first impression to your customers before they even start reading the messaging.

For business owners who are confused about what GSM paper is, you’ve come to the right place! This guide will discuss the meaning of GSM and why paper thickness is crucial in the overall quality of your prints. We will also include a paper weight chart along with the recommended paper weights for different applications.

What is GSM?

Why is gsm so important, does paper gsm affect the quality of your prints, guide to gsm and thickness of paper, common paper gsm & recommended uses, what is the simplest way to measure paper weight, common gsm paper sizes you can choose from.

Let us start by defining what GSM is.

GSM, also known as grammage, stands for ‘Grams per Square Meter’ . It is used to measure the weight or heaviness of paper products and should not be disregarded when choosing papers regardless of your application.

This is the simplest way to understand what GSM is: the higher the GSM of a paper is, the thicker and heavier it will be. For instance, a 350gsm paper will be thicker and heavier compared to an 80gsm paper.

Typical office papers (which are thin and very flimsy) used in printers or copiers usually have 70-90 gsm paper weights. Newspapers use approximately 50 GSM. Business cards, book covers, and folders use around 200 gsm while event invitations use 300gsm papers.

Since GSM is the most popularly used unit to measure paper weight, it’s important that you have a good understanding of what it is and how it is used. 

1. GSM Affects How Your Customers Perceive Your Business

Whether you are into printing custom packaging materials, business cards, flyers, and others, the paper GSM you choose will have a huge impact on how your customers will see your business. Paper GSM has a big role in the overall and feel of your print materials.

There are a lot of paper weights you can choose from and each has its unique qualities to help ensure that your products stand out. Paper GSM also allows you to give the right message to your customers. Using paper with a higher GSM, like 300 GSM papers, gives an impression that your business is legitimate and professional.

If you want to show that you provide excellent products and great service, choose a paper GSM that best reflects your company. Use the right papers for your promotional materials to convey quality.

2. There are Paper Weights That Are More Suitable For Specific Applications

Although thicker paper provides a stronger statement, this doesn’t mean that you should always choose them for printing your materials. There are cases where thin papers are more appropriate, cost-efficient, and functional to use than thick papers. Let us take promotional flyers as an example.

Promotional flyers are usually produced in bulk and distributed nationwide. You can use a 300-gsm paper to ensure the production of long-lasting and professional promotions. However, it will be very inconvenient to carry a lot of heavy flyers around and your customers will have a hard time storing them. In these cases, lower-gsm papers are more suitable.

3. GSM Affects Your Printing Processes

Not all printers can handle all paper GSM, so make sure that your printer can handle the paper GSM you want to use. For in-house printing, small printers and copiers will likely support only a few paper GSM.

Moreover, GSM is important when running a paper on the press because it affects everything such as the imposition, ink types, and drying times. If your machine does not support the paper thickness you are using, the printer will have a difficult time processing the papers. The printer can even destroy the paper if you use too light ones.

You see, choosing the wrong paper GSM can be costly, especially if you are running a small business. That is how important GSM is.

For sure, you have often heard people saying that the higher the GSM, the better. However, let us tell you that this is NOT necessarily true. GSM is not used to measure quality. It is only used to measure paper weight and nothing more.

Take note, though, that the GSM you should choose will highly depend on your application while the paper’s finish will greatly affect the design. Again, there are paper weights that are more suitable for photocopying or office printing. You should not use the same GSM for printing marketing materials like booklets and posters if you want to achieve the best quality.

Paper weight has a huge impact on the overall look and feel of your print materials as well as the buying decisions of your customers. They help make a statement. For instance, you want your business cards to be professional, vibrant, impactful, and sturdy. Thus, you should use paper with a higher GSM to achieve this goal.

Lastly, the quality of the papers from different brands may vary even if they have the same GSM. So make sure to get out there and explore your options to make sure that you get the most out of your money.

For a better understanding of the differences between GSM papers, you can refer to the table below:

Paper Weight

Description.

• This is the lightest paper type that ranges from translucent papers to newsprints
• These papers are common in notebooks and sketch pads.
• They are lightweight and easy to carry
• They are thick enough for drawing with a pencil. However, marker or heavy ink can bleed through.
• 90 GSM papers are the most budget-friendly options for creating high-quality prints for businesses
• Most household printer papers are of these types.
• They often come in 500 sheets per pack

120-140 GSM

• You see these on average promotional posters such as product posters in stores and movie posters as well as on low-cost flyers.
• They are common on pub walls and are sturdy enough to withstand wear and tear.
• You can easily fold them without crushing them completely.

160-180 GSM

• These are ideal for creating print products for official events where you need something that should not be folded but is still lightweight.
• 160gsm paper connects the gap between paper and board. It’s a thicker option for extra durability for printing quality flyers and brochure stocks.

200-300 GSM

• These reusable thick papers are sturdy and although not that hard, they offer a heavier finish.
• They are stiffer but you can still bend them.
• They are long-lasting papers that are not easily wrinkled or folded

300-400 GSM

• These are the stiffest and sturdiest papers that are used or invitations and business cards.
• These are good options for those who are looking for a superior finish.

Take note that although most suppliers only offer up to 400gsm papers, there are still thicker and heavier papers like 600gsm papers. Papers with a thickness of 600 GSM or more are commonly used by artists for watercolors.

Now that you know the differences between GSM papers, let us give you an idea of how thick these papers are. We’ve listed the thicknesses of a few common paper GSMs below.

Let us start with uncoated papers (laser, offset, or bond papers).

Uncoated Paper GSM & Thickness

Paper weight (gsm), thickness (mic).

Thin document paper

Standard copy paper

Standard Letterhead paper

Premium Letterhead paper

Heavyweight paper

Medium Board

Standard Board

Thick board

Thick business cardboard

For coated papers (matte, silk, or gloss), refer to the table below:

Coated Paper GSM & Thickness

Very thin magazine paper

Thin catalog paper

Thin brochure paper

Standard leaflet paper

Premium leaflet/brochure paper

Heavyweight leaflet paper

Thick Board

Do note, though, that the above values may vary depending on the brand of the paper. However, you can still use the information we provided as a guide when choosing the most suitable paper GSM for your printing needs.

To make sure that you choose the correct paper weight, you need to consider your application. Below is a short guide that can help you determine the most suitable paper GSM for your business:

Recommended Applications

• For everyday office copying and printing applications
• Cost-effective mass production of products such as booklets and flyers

100-120 GSM

• Printing stationery like compliment slip and letterheads

130-170 GSM

• Ideal for brochure pages, leaflets, flyers, and posters
• 135 GSM paper is the common option for printing budget-friendly promotional campaigns in events like conventions and tradeshows because it is less prone to wrinkling
• 170 GSM papers are widely used for printing professional-looking promotional materials for official events like shareholder meetings and business conferences
• Ideal for printing brochure covers, premium flyers, and banners
• They are also used for painting or watercolors
• Not suitable for printing mail campaigns because the weight of the paper will impact delivery costs
• Retail and hospitality industries commonly use 250 GSM and 300 GSM papers for printing paperback covers for booklets
• These heavy-weight boards are perfect for printing high-quality wedding stationery, presentations folders, leaflets, postcards, and business cards

Aside from GSM, the easiest method you can do to measure paper weight is to use a micrometer or a caliper. Through this method, you can measure the actual thickness of paper in increments of one-thousandth of an inch. You can also express this thickness in points. For instance, a paper that is 0.005 inches thick can also be called 5-point paper.

You can read more on how to use a caliper and how to read a micrometer through the provided links.

• How To Read A Vernier Caliper
• How To Read A Micrometer Screw Gauge

In addition to paper GSM, you need to choose the right paper size for your application. Below are the common paper sizes used in the printing industry:

ISO A Paper Series

ISO A is the international standard when it comes to paper sizing. A0 is the largest ISO A paper format which has a size of one square meter. The previous paper size is cut in half to achieve the succeeding smaller size.

For instance, A0 is cut in half to get the next smaller size which is A1. While A0 is the largest under this category, A10 is the smallest. Below are the standard sizes popularly used in printing:

ISO A Paper

Common uses.

16.54” x 23.39” or

420 mm x 594 mm

Used for diagrams, maps, and smaller posters.

8.27” x 11.69” or

210 mm x 297 mm

Used for documents, magazines, letters, and catalogs.

105 mm x 148 mm

Commonly used for photos and postcards.

You can find the complete list of  ISO A series paper sizes  here.

ISO B Paper Series

The ISO B standard is mainly used for sizing posters. Similar to the ISO A paper series,  ISO B paper series  also run from B0 to B10. Below are some sample ISO B papers starting with the largest one – B0:

ISO B Paper

39.37” x 55.67” or 1000 mm x 1414 mm

19.69” x 27.83” or 500 mm x 707 mm

9.84” x 13.90” or 250 mm x 353 mm

ISO C Paper Series

The last most common global standard for sizing paper is ISO C. This paper sizing standard is used for envelopes. You can find the most popular ISO C papers below:

ISO C Paper

25.51” x 18.03” or 648 mm x 458 mm

12.76” x 9.02” or 324 mm x 229 mm

6.38” x 4.49” or 162 mm x 114 mm

Read the complete  ISO C series envelope sizes  here.

Buying the right GSM for your printing needs is important to ensure the easy creation of well-designed printouts to impress your customers as well as boost your sales. There are many paper GSM you can choose from, but make sure that you pick the most appropriate one for your application.

Again, note that paper GSM is not directly related to print quality. It is more on what you are going to use it for because some paper weights are more suitable for certain applications. Hopefully, this guide was able to help you better understand what GSM is.

By the way, if you are looking for high-quality compatible and remanufactured ink and toner cartridges for your printing needs, feel free to check out YoyoInk ’s products!

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Title: GSM Based Fire and Smoke Detection and Prevention System

Related Papers

International journal emerging technology and advanced engineering

Alya Alshamsi

Babatunde Olanrewaju-George

A fire alarm system is used primarily to evacuate the premises in the event or occurrence of a fire condition and then secondarily to report the fire to the proper authorities, in this paper basically a low cost fire detection and control system based on smoke and heat detection is proposed. The use of wireless automation in almost all the field of power, gas, agriculture and security systems has over the years provided novel solutions to remote operations, in the paper the implementation of a SMS based communication system is incorporated to a smoke detection system in the case of a fire. The implemented design is cheap and effective. The SMS sending feature included in the design increases the reliability of the system. The design has been developed since the social and economic cost of natural disasters which has increased in recent years due to population growth, change in land use patterns, migration and unplanned urbanization, environmental degradation and global climate change. Fire considered being natural or manmade, thus the management shall provide safety of the building occupant and properties. The system has come to light through the way of inspiration to develop a compact system, based on the fundamental ideas of safety, security and control.

INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT

T Aravind Babu

Fire is one of mankind’s greatest discoveries but can also be a great source of danger in accidents. Fire in any occupancy has the potential to cause harm to its occupants and severe damage to the property. As a solution a smart fire detection system is designed using GSM technology, smoke/Flame sensors, and Arduino technology, water sprinkler system, LCD display, buzzer,. A smoke sensor is used to detect the smoke from the fire and Flame sensor. In a event of a The microcontroller is used to process the sensor circuitry input, and also used to turn on the LCD, exhaust fan, water pump motor and the main supply switch will be switched off (switch open). It turns on the GSM modem after that, it continues to send SMS to mobile number for alerting danger to the people. This system helps users to respond immediately to the situation and so improve their safety by protecting their lives and the properties from fire hazards. Key Words: : Fire Safety, water Sprinklers system, Exhaust fan, G...

Alkasim Hussaini

IJRASET Publication

The design of a fire alarm with Arduino-based system by means of GSM Module. The work purposely for house safety where the main point is to avoid the fire accidents occurred to the residents and the properties inside the house. In order to prevent losses accrued from fire accidents, various alarm systems have been developed such as smoke detectors, temperature sensor based systems etc. The design and implementation of a cost effective and reliable GSM based SMS Alert fire alarm system. The device will be able to monitor the temperature of the environment, the smoke level, send SMS alert to an inbuilt GSM number. When the system detects the temperature of 100C or more, it will immediately display an alert notification on LCD display and simultaneously sending an SMS alert to the users upon the high raise temperature in the house. This fire detection system consists of a smoke sensor, buzzer, LCD display and GSM module is interfaced with Arduino board.

International Journal of Engineering Sciences & Research Technology

Ijesrt Journal

Fire accidents which are common in now-a-days particularly in vehicles such as buses, trains and industries are causing great threat to human life and property as well. Example of one such incident is the Karnataka and Mahaboobnagar Volvo bus accidents. About 70-80% of fire accidents cases remain uncontrollable mainly because of lack of communication. One way to avoid this problem is to make aware of surrounding people as well as the authorities immediately to take respective measures. In our latest version development of fire detector circuit we have chosen a GSM modem, fire sensor, smoke sensor, buzzer and LCD display and microcontroller At mega 32.

International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

isagani roma

Rafat Shams

This thesis report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2014.

Daniel D Dasig Jr

The design has been developed since the social and economic cost of natural disasters which has increased in recent years due to population growth, change in land use patterns, migration and unplanned urbanization, environmental degradation and global climate change. Catastrophic disasters include fires, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tropical cyclones, floods, and droughts. Fire considered being natural or man-made, thus the management shall provide safety of the building occupant. The design consists of five major circuits to compensate the system operation. It includes Detection and Initiating Devices (DEADS), Notification Devices (NODES), Central Station Monitor (CSM), Annunciation Devices (ANODES) and the Suppression Circuitry. The DEADS is composed of a smoke detector and smoke ionization sensors which transmit initiated signal to CSM. The NODES are active devices like smoke alarms, and speakers attached to every room designed to give alarms to the room occupants. The Central Station Monitor designed with Arduino Uno as the Microcontroller served as the brain of the system interfaced with PHP & MySQL. The ANODES works once fire cannot be suppressed by the system itself, thereby when the fire department and other incident team needs to be contacted. The suppressor composed of robotic-arm connected to the water supply, fire hydrants, and sprinkler heads.

Guyita & with two friends

Guyita Gunchato

This project describes GSM based Automatic fire detection and water sprinkler system that can monitor an industry, building, and home. Plays an important role in maintaining and monitoring the safe of all kind environments and everything that damaged by fire. However the many existing fire detecting (fire extinguisher) systems are not modernized or automatic and also with high cost. Subsequently, it is not affordable for the low income users. The main objective of this project is to make a fire control system with low cost.

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