topics for developmental psychology research papers

101 Best Developmental Psychology Research Topics

Psychologists always strive to understand change. But change is inevitable. They spot potential challenges when studying developmental psychology and provide early solutions for better results. But what does it take to find the best developmental psychology research topics? Although psychology is an exciting course, finding the best ideas for projects can be a hassle. However, HelpForHomework is here to solve the quagmire and provide you with top-quality writing services.

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If you struggle to find expert developmental psychology research topics, go through this article and choose the best one for your project.

How Do We Select The Best Developmental Psychology Research Topics?

We have an excellent team of researchers to go above and beyond to find you the best developmental psychology research topics. But which criteria do we use to create suggestions?

Originality: Originality is an integral part of psychological research writing. For that reason, we generate unique topics and highlight the shallowly researched ones. We understand that exhausting research topics can be irrelevant to your audience. Consequently, our writers do extensive reading to expose themselves to new information crucial to the topic formulation.

Feasibility: Before publishing this article, we test the feasibility of all topics. We ask ourselves:

Is the research topic relevant?
Are these ideas sustainable?
Is the political psychology research question possible to answer?
Is the question manageable?

Appeal: A good research topic should be appealing to the researcher and the audience. For this reason, you should choose topics that excites you to do extensive, enjoyable research.

Expert Tip: After helping you with the topic selection, you should engage your supervisor for approval and guidance. Engaging the supervisor frequently ensures that your research falls within the scope and that all mistakes are cleared at an early stage.

Best Developmental Psychology Research Topics

Getting the best developmental psychology research topics is not an easy task. But we have a list of suggestions for you:

A cognitive approach to child abuse prevention
A developmental perspective on imitation and social cognition
Children’s perception of gender-based violence and gender discrimination
Development of gender stereotypes and prejudice
Development of social networks in early and middle childhood: How does gender influence the development of social networks
Developmental implications of prejudice and discrimination
Developmental psychology perspective on child abuse prevention and treatment
Developmental psychology: The ecology of development processes
History, current status and future of developmental psychology
How do structured leisure activities influence psychological development in middle childhood
How does delay in gratification and low self-control affect academic achievement
How does history influence the current status and future of developmental psychology?
How does self-control influence academic performance?
How does the media influence instant gratification?
Influence of culture on marketing and impulsive buying behavior
Instant gratification and self-control in the adolescent.: A case study for a school near you
Origin of prejudice and discrimination
Parenting: The relationship between parenting and developmental psychology
People and the internet: A developmental psychology perspective
Prejudice and discrimination in children: Origin and interventions
Social and developmental psychology: Trends influencing the future of psychology
Social cognition and academic competence in early childhood education
Social media influence on self-control and instant gratification
Substance abuse and violent behavior effects of academic achievement at a school in your country
The role of psychology professionals in the prevention of child abuse

Interesting Developmental Psychology Research Topics

Are you looking for excellent developmental psychology research topics? We hope you find one from the list below:

Addressing child abuse and trauma in a developmental context
Child trauma and mental health indicators among the LGBTQ adults
Development of cyber violence
Developmental psychology perspective on children raised in non-traditional families
Developmental psychology perspective on writing techniques and intellectual growth for college students
Developmental psychology perspective to the impacts of social media use
Developmental psychology: Relationship between childhood trauma and adulthood chronic illness and mental health
Does social media increase children’s tolerance to real-life violence and aggression?
Dynamics of development and decline: Life-span developmental psychology
Effects of long-term childhood trauma
Explain the growth patterns during the early adulthood to old age
How does social media fuel violence? How can it be controlled?
Intellectual growth in early childhood development
Leadership development: Current state and future expectations in your country
Media effects on violent behavior: Psychological analysis
Media use among children with autism spectrum disorder and development implications
Neuropsychological development in the context of childhood abuse and trauma
Online communication, friendships and social media use in adolescents
The effects of media on violence, attitudes and emotions: Historical and current status
The perspective of developmental psychology of money spending on a virtual world
The psychology of adult development and ageing
The role of media in social development
Theoretical proposition on intellectual growth
Use of older people experience to understand developmental psychology: Challenges and benefits
Use of social media to facilitate community education and development

Excellent Developmental Psychology Research Topics

If you select one of the excellent developmental psychology topics below, be sure of top grades. Choose one and tell us what you think:

A developmental perspective on global political marketing
Correlation between gender, power and developmental psychology
Development of relationships in adolescence: Social media influence
Developmental psychology application in the development of children laws
Developmental psychology perspective of family
Developmental psychology perspective of human behavior
Developmental psychology perspective on child psychology and mental health development
Developmental psychology perspective on mass persuasion
Developmental psychology perspective on religious cults
Developmental psychology perspective on social propaganda and social marketing
Developmental psychology: Sexual repression, social control and gender hierarchy in Native America
Does religion promote moral development?
How does religion influence politics in your country?
How does religious bias influence moral development? A developmental psychology investigation
Influence of culture on social control organizations
Islamist political propaganda: Developmental psychology perspective on political marketing
Modern responses on cults
Precursors of attraction, romance and love in young adulthood
Psychological interventions on improving school discipline
Relationship between developmental psychology and political psychology in your country
Social control in significant religions: A developmental psychology perspective
Social discipline in your country: Prevention, correction and long-term social development
The psychology of grandparenthood: A developmental psychology perspective
The psychology of religion: Ethics and implications of moral implications
The psychology of religion: Social media influence on the development of religion

Professional Developmental Psychology Research Topics

Are you looking for professional psychology research topics for your project? We have the best suggestions for you:

Biological aspects of the development of human violence behavior
Can participation in extracurricular activities support psychological intervention programs in schools?
Development of self-identity through social media
Developmental difference between children exposed to the internet and media and those who spend more time on playgrounds
Developmental psychology perspective on emotions and customer experience
Developmental psychology perspective on happiness
Does child trauma influence adulthood antisocial personality disorder?
Does the media influence sexual identity?
Dynamics of human behavior: Mass panic
Early identifications of adulthood antisocial behavior
How does loneliness influence personality across the lifespan?
Impacts of maternal stress to cognitive development of children
Infant mental health: Development and significance of early childhood mental health
Influence of media on sexual development
Internet addiction and happiness for adolescents
Internet, sex, and adolescents: Implications on sexual development
Management of phobia in children and adolescents
Neuropsychological perspective on evolution of human behavior
Personality disorders: Tracing the roots through developmental psychology
Phobia: Fear appeals and security behaviors
Relationship between emotion-cognition and human development
Relationship between exposure to sexual content on children and sexual outcomes
Relationship between happiness and social development
Relationship between human behavior and psychological development
School discipline and self-discipline: Psychological interventions to improve student behavior
The neuropsychological perspective of social bonding

Final Verdict

Have you selected an interesting developmental psychology research topic? If not, contact us and let us help you. If you have found one, you should also contact us to help you in the proposal process. Once you work with us, you quickly realize why we are the best research help platform. Also check out Educational Psychology Research Topics.

Sample articles

Developmental psychology ®.

Sensitivity to the Evaluation of Others Emerges by 24 Months (PDF, 255KB) September 2018 by Sara Valencia Botto and Philippe Rochat
Cohort Effects in Children's Delay of Gratification (PDF, 271KB) August 2018 by Stephanie M. Carlson, Yuichi Shoda, Ozlem Ayduk, Lawrence Aber, Catherine Schaefer, Anita Sethi, Nicole Wilson, Philip K. Peake, and Walter Mischel
Childhood Self-Regulation as a Mechanism Through Which Early Overcontrolling Parenting Is Associated With Adjustment in Preadolescence (PDF, 330KB) August 2018 by Nicole B. Perry, Jessica M. Dollar, Susan D. Calkins, Susan P. Keane, and Lilly Shanahan
Breastfeeding Duration Predicts Greater Maternal Sensitivity Over the Next Decade (PDF, 99KB) February 2018 by Jennifer M. Weaver, Thomas J. Schofield, and Lauren M. Papp
Explicit Scaffolding Increases Simple Helping in Younger Infants (PDF, 128KB) March 2017 by Audun Dahl, Emma S. Satlof-Bedrick, Stuart I. Hammond, Jesse K. Drummond, Whitney E. Waugh, and Celia A. Brownell
Mindful Parenting Predicts Mothers' and Infants' Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Activity During a Dyadic Stressor (PDF, 124KB) March 2017 by Heidemarie K. Laurent, Larissa G. Duncan, April Lightcap, and Faaiza Khan
Does Anger Regulation Mediate the Discrimination–Mental Health Link Among Mexican-Origin Adolescents? A Longitudinal Mediation Analysis Using Multilevel Modeling (PDF, 116KB) February 2017 by Irene J. K. Park, Lijuan Wang, David R. Williams, and Margarita Alegría
Does Parental Sexual Orientation Matter? A Longitudinal Follow-Up of Adoptive Families With School-Age Children (PDF, 145KB) February 2017 by Rachel H. Farr
Moderate Baseline Vagal Tone Predicts Greater Prosociality in Children (PDF, 223KB) February 2017 by Jonas G. Miller, Sarah Kahle, and Paul D. Hastings
Promoting Child Development Through Group-Based Parent Support Within a Cash Transfer Program: Experimental Effects on Children's Outcomes (PDF, 681KB) February 2017 by Lia C. H. Fernald, Rose M. C. Kagawa, Heather A. Knauer, Lourdes Schnaas, Armando Garcia Guerra, and Lynnette M. Neufeld
Social Group Membership Increases STEM Engagement Among Preschoolers (PDF, 134KB) February 2017 by Allison Master, Sapna Cheryan, and Andrew N. Meltzoff
The Spread of Substance Use and Delinquency Between Adolescent Twins (PDF, 179KB) February 2017 by Brett Laursen, Amy C. Hartl, Frank Vitaro, Mara Brendgen, Ginette Dionne, and Michel Boivin
Training in the Adolescent Brain: An fMRI Training Study on Divergent Thinking (PDF, 233KB) February 2017 by Sietske W. Kleibeuker, Claire E. Stevenson, Laura van der Aar, Sandy Overgaauw, Anna C. van Duijvenvoorde, and Eveline A. Crone
The Transmission of Attachment Across Three Generations: A Study in Adulthood (PDF, 77KB) February 2017 by Rosalinda Cassibba, Gabrielle Coppola, Giovanna Sette, Antonietta Curci, and Alessandro Costantini
Why Do Some Adolescents Encounter Everyday Events That Increase Their Civic Interest Whereas Others Do Not? (PDF, 104KB) February 2017 by Håkan Stattin, Oula Hussein, Metin Özdemir, Silvia Russo
Maternal Behavior Predicts Infant Neurophysiological and Behavioral Attention Processes in the First Year (PDF, 195KB) January 2017 by Margaret M. Swingler, Nicole B. Perry, Susan D. Calkins, and Martha Ann Bell
Type of Iconicity Matters in the Vocabulary Development of Signing Children (PDF, 205KB) January 2017 by Gerardo Ortega, Beyza Sümer, and Aslı Özyürek
Child–Child Similarity on Attachment and Temperament as Predictors of Positive Interaction During Acquaintanceship at Age 3 (PDF, 135KB) September 2016 by Nancy L. McElwain, Brian G. Ogolsky, Jennifer M. Engle, Ashley S. Holland, and Elissa Thomann Mitchell
Social Engagement and Adaptive Functioning During Early Childhood: Identifying and Distinguishing Among Subgroups Differing With Regard to Social Engagement (PDF, 110KB) September 2016 by Brian E. Vaughn, António J. Santos, Ligia Monteiro, Nana Shin, João R. Daniel, Lisa Krzysik, and Alexandra Pinto
Antisocial Peer Affiliation and Externalizing Disorders in the Transition From Adolescence to Young Adulthood: Selection Versus Socialization Effects (PDF, 304KB) May 2016 by Diana R. Samek, Rebecca J. Goodman, Stephen A. Erath, Matt McGue, and William G. Iacono
Predictors of Behavioral Regulation in Kindergarten: Household Chaos, Parenting, and Early Executive Functions (PDF, 145KB) March 2016 by Lynne Vernon-Feagans, Michael Willoughby, Patricia Garrett-Peters, and The Family Life Project Key Investigators US

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50+ Research Topics for Psychology Papers

How to Find Psychology Research Topics for Your Student Paper

Specific Branches of Psychology
Topics Involving a Disorder or Type of Therapy
Human Cognition
Human Development
Critique of Publications
Famous Experiments
Historical Figures
Specific Careers
Case Studies
Literature Reviews
Your Own Study/Experiment

Are you searching for a great topic for your psychology paper ? Sometimes it seems like coming up with topics of psychology research is more challenging than the actual research and writing. Fortunately, there are plenty of great places to find inspiration and the following list contains just a few ideas to help get you started.

Finding a solid topic is one of the most important steps when writing any type of paper. It can be particularly important when you are writing a psychology research paper or essay. Psychology is such a broad topic, so you want to find a topic that allows you to adequately cover the subject without becoming overwhelmed with information.

I can always tell when a student really cares about the topic they chose; it comes through in the writing. My advice is to choose a topic that genuinely interests you, so you’ll be more motivated to do thorough research.

In some cases, such as in a general psychology class, you might have the option to select any topic from within psychology's broad reach. Other instances, such as in an abnormal psychology course, might require you to write your paper on a specific subject such as a psychological disorder.

As you begin your search for a topic for your psychology paper, it is first important to consider the guidelines established by your instructor.

Research Topics Within Specific Branches of Psychology

The key to selecting a good topic for your psychology paper is to select something that is narrow enough to allow you to really focus on the subject, but not so narrow that it is difficult to find sources or information to write about.

One approach is to narrow your focus down to a subject within a specific branch of psychology. For example, you might start by deciding that you want to write a paper on some sort of social psychology topic. Next, you might narrow your focus down to how persuasion can be used to influence behavior .

Other social psychology topics you might consider include:

Prejudice and discrimination (i.e., homophobia, sexism, racism)
Social cognition
Person perception
Social control and cults
Persuasion, propaganda, and marketing
Attraction, romance, and love
Nonverbal communication
Prosocial behavior

Psychology Research Topics Involving a Disorder or Type of Therapy

Exploring a psychological disorder or a specific treatment modality can also be a good topic for a psychology paper. Some potential abnormal psychology topics include specific psychological disorders or particular treatment modalities, including:

Eating disorders
Borderline personality disorder
Seasonal affective disorder
Schizophrenia
Antisocial personality disorder
Profile a type of therapy (i.e., cognitive-behavioral therapy, group therapy, psychoanalytic therapy)

Topics of Psychology Research Related to Human Cognition

Some of the possible topics you might explore in this area include thinking, language, intelligence, and decision-making. Other ideas might include:

False memories
Speech disorders
Problem-solving

Topics of Psychology Research Related to Human Development

In this area, you might opt to focus on issues pertinent to early childhood such as language development, social learning, or childhood attachment or you might instead opt to concentrate on issues that affect older adults such as dementia or Alzheimer's disease.

Some other topics you might consider include:

Language acquisition
Media violence and children
Learning disabilities
Gender roles
Child abuse
Prenatal development
Parenting styles
Aspects of the aging process

Do a Critique of Publications Involving Psychology Research Topics

One option is to consider writing a critique paper of a published psychology book or academic journal article. For example, you might write a critical analysis of Sigmund Freud's Interpretation of Dreams or you might evaluate a more recent book such as Philip Zimbardo's The Lucifer Effect: Understanding How Good People Turn Evil .

Professional and academic journals are also great places to find materials for a critique paper. Browse through the collection at your university library to find titles devoted to the subject that you are most interested in, then look through recent articles until you find one that grabs your attention.

Topics of Psychology Research Related to Famous Experiments

There have been many fascinating and groundbreaking experiments throughout the history of psychology, providing ample material for students looking for an interesting term paper topic. In your paper, you might choose to summarize the experiment, analyze the ethics of the research, or evaluate the implications of the study. Possible experiments that you might consider include:

The Milgram Obedience Experiment
The Stanford Prison Experiment
The Little Albert Experiment
Pavlov's Conditioning Experiments
The Asch Conformity Experiment
Harlow's Rhesus Monkey Experiments

Topics of Psychology Research About Historical Figures

One of the simplest ways to find a great topic is to choose an interesting person in the history of psychology and write a paper about them. Your paper might focus on many different elements of the individual's life, such as their biography, professional history, theories, or influence on psychology.

While this type of paper may be historical in nature, there is no need for this assignment to be dry or boring. Psychology is full of fascinating figures rife with intriguing stories and anecdotes. Consider such famous individuals as Sigmund Freud, B.F. Skinner, Harry Harlow, or one of the many other eminent psychologists .

Psychology Research Topics About a Specific Career

Another possible topic, depending on the course in which you are enrolled, is to write about specific career paths within the field of psychology . This type of paper is especially appropriate if you are exploring different subtopics or considering which area interests you the most.

In your paper, you might opt to explore the typical duties of a psychologist, how much people working in these fields typically earn, and the different employment options that are available.

Topics of Psychology Research Involving Case Studies

One potentially interesting idea is to write a psychology case study of a particular individual or group of people. In this type of paper, you will provide an in-depth analysis of your subject, including a thorough biography.

Generally, you will also assess the person, often using a major psychological theory such as Piaget's stages of cognitive development or Erikson's eight-stage theory of human development . It is also important to note that your paper doesn't necessarily have to be about someone you know personally.

In fact, many professors encourage students to write case studies on historical figures or fictional characters from books, television programs, or films.

Psychology Research Topics Involving Literature Reviews

Another possibility that would work well for a number of psychology courses is to do a literature review of a specific topic within psychology. A literature review involves finding a variety of sources on a particular subject, then summarizing and reporting on what these sources have to say about the topic.

Literature reviews are generally found in the introduction of journal articles and other psychology papers , but this type of analysis also works well for a full-scale psychology term paper.

Topics of Psychology Research Based on Your Own Study or Experiment

Many psychology courses require students to design an actual psychological study or perform some type of experiment. In some cases, students simply devise the study and then imagine the possible results that might occur. In other situations, you may actually have the opportunity to collect data, analyze your findings, and write up your results.

Finding a topic for your study can be difficult, but there are plenty of great ways to come up with intriguing ideas. Start by considering your own interests as well as subjects you have studied in the past.

Online sources, newspaper articles, books , journal articles, and even your own class textbook are all great places to start searching for topics for your experiments and psychology term papers. Before you begin, learn more about how to conduct a psychology experiment .

What This Means For You

After looking at this brief list of possible topics for psychology papers, it is easy to see that psychology is a very broad and diverse subject. While this variety makes it possible to find a topic that really catches your interest, it can sometimes make it very difficult for some students to select a good topic.

If you are still stumped by your assignment, ask your instructor for suggestions and consider a few from this list for inspiration.

Hockenbury, SE & Nolan, SA. Psychology. New York: Worth Publishers; 2014.
Santrock, JW. A Topical Approach to Lifespan Development. New York: McGraw-Hill Education; 2016.

By Kendra Cherry, MSEd Kendra Cherry, MS, is a psychosocial rehabilitation specialist, psychology educator, and author of the "Everything Psychology Book."

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Research Examples of Developmental Psychology

When you are studying developmental psychology , you’re studying how people grow and develop, all the way from childbirth to the end of their lifespan. What are examples of developmental psychology? It could be anything within a range of subject matters that are related to human growth. Not just psychological behavior, but anything from thoughts and emotions , cognitive and linguistic development, to decision making and motivation, moral and even physical development like motor skills.

Research examples of developmental psychology

Over the years we’ve come across many examples of research in developmental psychology , often done with various behavioral research tools. Looking for topics for developmental psychology research papers? We’ve put together an overview of research examples in developmental psychology that were published on the Behavioral Research Blog.

Table of contents

Infant Stage
Adolescent Stage
Adult Stage

Examples of developmental psychology: Infant stage

The infant stage is the time from birth until children are (roughly) two years old. A time that has been well studied by researchers, as changes are rapid and these first years in life are considered fundamental in our development.

Early infant behavior development of hand preference

In learning about objects and their parts, transporting objects to new locations, and sharing objects with others, the hands are essential. Infants discover how to control each hand and how to use the hands together.

There are many reasons to study the development of hand preference in infants, as it can provide clues about motor skills or any developmental disorders. A team of researchers was particularly interested in asymmetric bimanual actions and presented “Unimanual to bimanual: Tracking the development of handedness from 6 to 24 months”.

Read the full post here: Early Infant behavior development of hand preference

In the Noldus Webinar 'How emotions are made in Baby FaceReader' , we tell you about emotions, how they are 'made' and how this relates to facial expression analysis in FaceReader with a focus on Baby FaceReader.

Observing and analyzing repetitive movements in infants to detect autism

In the first year of life, an infant learns how to use his or her arms, legs, mouth, hands, and fingers by repeating movements over and over again. They discover a wealth of possibilities. However, an increased frequency of repetitive movements has been widely described in neurodevelopmental disorders as well.

To examine if a specific repertoire of repetitive movements was present in children with autism, researchers used home videos to code the behaviors of the infants.

Continue reading: Observing and analyzing repetitive movements in infants to detect autism

Gaze behavior in infants

Infant siblings of children with or without ASD participated in a study to determine whether gaze behavior, showed during a test with an unfamiliar examiner, could predict gaze behavior in a more naturalistic context.

To measure the cognitive functioning of the infants, the Mullen Scales of Early Learning was filled in at each visit by an examiner. Meanwhile, infant gaze to the examiner’s face was recorded.

Read the full post here: A closer look at eye contact

Understanding infants’ social and moral development

At the Centre of Infant Cognition at UBC in Vancouver, researchers conduct independent studies as well as participate in ManyBabies projects to further understand the development of moral and social behaviors of infants.

Discover the full story here: Understanding infants’ social and moral development

Developing social communication and the role of mimicry

Children learn from interacting with others, especially their parents. For example, reproducing the emotions that others express is part of that. Copying facial expressions is one of the great milestones in the social development of a child.

Still, little is known about the mechanisms controlling the early development of emotional mimicry. Therefore, a research team of the University of Amsterdam conducted a study to investigate infant emotional mimicry, parent-infant mutual attention, and parent dispositional affective empathy.

Read more about this study here: The role of mimicry in the development of social communication

topics for developmental psychology research papers

Download the free White paper to learn more about the software tools available for infant studies.

Video observations to capture behaviors
Coding behaviors accurately
Unobtrusive emotion analysis

Adolescent stage

Adolescence is the period of transition between childhood and adulthood. It is a time for rapid cognitive development. When entering adolescence children are going through many changes at the same time: both physical and intellectual, as well as their personality and social skills that are developing. We’ve published several articles about studies into the adolescent stage.

Direct observations help develop effective interventions in adolescence

In a study by a team of researchers from Arizona State University, John Hopkins School of Medicine in Baltimore, Maryland, and the Oregon Research Institute, family and friendship dynamics in adolescence were observed in order to develop more personalized interventions that prevent problem behaviors and adjustment issues.

Continue reading about effective interventions in adolescence .

Dealing with depression in adolescence

In adolescence, the ability to regulate emotions is heavily challenged by numerous biological, social, and psychological changes. How are adolescents’ emotions socialized by mothers and close friends? A study by a team of researchers from Canada and The Netherlands focused on dealing with depression in adolescence.

Continue reading: Understanding adolescent emotions

Studying conflict interactions between mothers and adolescents

Adolescence is a developmental phase with many physical, neurodevelopmental, psychological, and social changes. It is common for conflicts to arise between adolescents and their parents. However, severe conflicts can have negative effects on adolescent development. What can parents do to prevent escalating conflicts ?

This free white paper informs you how on to facilitate a parent-child study and how to set up your experiment.

Perform tests in a lab or in-home
Collect data with video
Design a coding scheme

Read 5 more examples of research in adolescence here >>

Research examples in developmental psychology research: Adult stage

Adult development encompasses the changes that occur in biological and psychological domains of human life from the end of adolescence until the end of one's life 1 . When studying adult development, many researchers tend to focus on aging and health.

Some study eating behavior in residential care homes which enables them to take environmental factors into account. Others focus on family relations and communication and try to facilitate and improve contact between parents and children living a distance apart. Some examples of developmental psychology research in the adult stage of life.

How to measure couple communication patterns

Communication between husbands and wives is often discussed on TV, in magazines, and is frequently a topic of discussion amongst friends. Additionally, it is also a popular research theme. Effective husband-wife communication can benefit a relationship. But are there specific behaviors which need enforcing and are they the same for every couple?

Read more: How to measure couple communication patterns

Measuring flow

Flow is a state in which a person is fully involved in an activity, decreasing self-consciousness and sense of time. This process requires a person to be extremely focused, as well as exactly have the skills to master a task. Several researchers have developed methods of measuring flow.

Find out more: Measuring flow

Curious what emotions your face shows? Upload a photo here, and our FaceReader software will test it for emotionality.

Enter a url or browse for an image
Use passport photo like pictures
Make sure that the pictures you upload are the best they can be

Do your emotions and moods change as you get older?

Are emotions affected differently for younger than for older people? Researchers used FaceReader to complement self-assessments and objectify mood changes to answer this question . They exposed participants to film segments to induce four basic emotions: anger, disgust, happiness, and sadness.

Behavior and emotions of older adults

It's important to develop user-friendly products and services to assist older people in daily activities and improve their quality of life. Therefore researchers wanted to find out if TV footage could motivate older persons to start being more active? Being active can improve the overall health of a person (65+ but of course also 65-!).

Read the full blog post on research projects on behavior and emotions of older adults .

On-site observational studies with older persons

In certain cases, observations for your study are best performed on-site. There are many examples of observational studies with older age groups, conducted at home or at a healthcare facility. We've highlighted two examples of on-site observational studies with older persons .

Robots helping people with dementia

Behavioral and psychological problems affect most individuals with dementia at some point during the progression of the disorder. Researchers explored if the use of a robotic seal as a therapeutic tool would influence the emotional and behavioral symptoms of dementia.

Find out more about this large study on robotic pets here !

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80 fascinating psychology research questions for your next project

Last updated

15 February 2024

Reviewed by

Brittany Ferri, PhD, OTR/L

Short on time? Get an AI generated summary of this article instead

Psychology research is essential for furthering our understanding of human behavior and improving the diagnosis and treatment of psychological conditions.

When psychologists know more about how different social and cultural factors influence how humans act, think, and feel, they can recommend improvements to practices in areas such as education, sport, healthcare, and law enforcement.

Below, you will find 80 research question examples across 16 branches of psychology. First, though, let’s look at some tips to help you select a suitable research topic.

How to choose a good psychology research topic

Psychology has many branches that break down further into topics. Choosing a topic for your psychology research paper can be daunting because there are so many to choose from. It’s an important choice, as the topic you select will open up a range of questions to explore.

The tips below can help you find a psychology research topic that suits your skills and interests.

Tip #1: Select a topic that interests you

Passion and interest should fuel every research project. A topic that fascinates you will most likely interest others as well. Think about the questions you and others might have and decide on the issues that matter most. Draw on your own interests, but also keep your research topical and relevant to others.

Don’t limit yourself to a topic that you already know about. Instead, choose one that will make you want to know more and dig deeper. This will keep you motivated and excited about your research.

Tip #2: Choose a topic with a manageable scope

If your topic is too broad, you can get overwhelmed by the amount of information available and have trouble maintaining focus. On the other hand, you may find it difficult to find enough information if you choose a topic that is too narrow.

To determine if the topic is too broad or too narrow, start researching as early as possible. If you find there’s an overwhelming amount of research material, you’ll probably need to narrow the topic down. For example, instead of researching the general population, it might be easier to focus on a specific age group. Ask yourself what area of the general topic interests you most and focus on that.

If your scope is too narrow, try to generalize or focus on a larger related topic. Expand your search criteria or select additional databases for information. Consider if the topic is too new to have much information published on it as well.

Tip #3: Select a topic that will produce useful and relevant insights

Doing some preliminary research will reveal any existing research on the topic. If there is existing research, will you be able to produce new insights? You might need to focus on a different area or see if the existing research has limitations that you can overcome.

Bear in mind that finding new information from which to draw fresh insights may be impossible if your topic has been over-researched.

You’ll also need to consider whether your topic is relevant to current trends and needs. For example, researching psychology topics related to social media use may be highly relevant today.

80 psychology research topics and questions

Psychology is a broad subject with many branches and potential areas of study. Here are some of them:

Developmental

Personality

Experimental

Organizational

Educational

Neuropsychology

Controversial topics

Below we offer some suggestions on research topics and questions that can get you started. Keep in mind that these are not all-inclusive but should be personalized to fit the theme of your paper.

Social psychology research topics and questions

Social psychology has roots as far back as the 18th century. In simple terms, it’s the study of how behavior is influenced by the presence and behavior of others. It is the science of finding out who we are, who we think we are, and how our perceptions affect ourselves and others. It looks at personalities, relationships, and group behavior.

Here are some potential research questions and paper titles for this topic:

How does social media use impact perceptions of body image in male adolescents?

2. Is childhood bullying a risk factor for social anxiety in adults?

Is homophobia in individuals caused by genetic or environmental factors?

What is the most important psychological predictor of a person’s willingness to donate to charity?

Does a person’s height impact how other people perceive them? If so, how?

Cognitive psychology research questions

Cognitive psychology is the branch that focuses on the interactions of thinking, emotion, creativity, and problem-solving. It also explores the reasons humans think the way they do.

This topic involves exploring how people think by measuring intelligence, thoughts, and cognition.

Here are some research question ideas:

6. Is there a link between chronic stress and memory function?

7. Can certain kinds of music trigger memories in people with memory loss?

8. Do remote meetings impact the efficacy of team decision-making?

9. Do word games and puzzles slow cognitive decline in adults over the age of 80?

10. Does watching television impact a child’s reading ability?

Developmental psychology research questions

Developmental psychology is the study of how humans grow and change over their lifespan. It usually focuses on the social, emotional, and physical development of babies and children, though it can apply to people of all ages. Developmental psychology is important for understanding how we learn, mature, and adapt to changes.

Here are some questions that might inspire your research:

11. Does grief accelerate the aging process?

12. How do parent–child attachment patterns influence the development of emotion regulation in teenagers?

13. Does bilingualism affect cognitive decline in adults over the age of 70?

14. How does the transition to adulthood impact decision-making abilities

15. How does early exposure to music impact mental health and well-being in school-aged children?

Personality psychology research questions

Personality psychology studies personalities, how they develop, their structures, and the processes that define them. It looks at intelligence, disposition, moral beliefs, thoughts, and reactions.

The goal of this branch of psychology is to scientifically interpret the way personality patterns manifest into an individual’s behaviors. Here are some example research questions:

16. Nature vs. nurture: Which impacts personality development the most?

17. The role of genetics on personality: Does an adopted child take on their biological parents’ personality traits?

18. How do personality traits influence leadership styles and effectiveness in organizational settings?

19. Is there a relationship between an individual’s personality and mental health?

20. Can a chronic illness affect your personality?

Abnormal psychology research questions

As the name suggests, abnormal psychology is a branch that focuses on abnormal behavior and psychopathology (the scientific study of mental illness or disorders).

Abnormal behavior can be challenging to define. Who decides what is “normal”? As such, psychologists in this area focus on the level of distress that certain behaviors may cause, although this typically involves studying mental health conditions such as depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and phobias.

Here are some questions to consider:

21. How does technology impact the development of social anxiety disorder?

22. What are the factors behind the rising incidence of eating disorders in adolescents?

23. Are mindfulness-based interventions effective in the treatment of PTSD?

24. Is there a connection between depression and gambling addiction?

25. Can physical trauma cause psychopathy?

Clinical psychology research questions

Clinical psychology deals with assessing and treating mental illness or abnormal or psychiatric behaviors. It differs from abnormal psychology in that it focuses more on treatments and clinical aspects, while abnormal psychology is more behavioral focused.

This is a specialty area that provides care and treatment for complex mental health conditions. This can include treatment, not only for individuals but for couples, families, and other groups. Clinical psychology also supports communities, conducts research, and offers training to promote mental health. This category is very broad, so there are lots of topics to explore.

Below are some example research questions to consider:

26. Do criminals require more specific therapies or interventions?

27. How effective are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in treating mental health disorders?

28. Are there any disadvantages to humanistic therapy?

29. Can group therapy be more beneficial than one-on-one therapy sessions?

30. What are the factors to consider when selecting the right treatment plan for patients with anxiety?

Experimental psychology research questions

Experimental psychology deals with studies that can prove or disprove a hypothesis. Psychologists in this field use scientific methods to collect data on basic psychological processes such as memory, cognition, and learning. They use this data to test the whys and hows of behavior and how outside factors influence its creation.

Areas of interest in this branch relate to perception, memory, emotion, and sensation. The below are example questions that could inspire your own research:

31. Do male or female parents/carers have a more calming influence on children?

32. Will your preference for a genre of music increase the more you listen to it?

33. What are the psychological effects of posting on social media vs. not posting?

34. How is productivity affected by social connection?

35. Is cheating contagious?

Organizational psychology research questions

Organizational psychology studies human behavior in the workplace. It is most frequently used to evaluate an employee, group, or a company’s organizational dynamics. Researchers aim to isolate issues and identify solutions.

This area of study can be beneficial to both employees and employers since the goal is to improve the overall work environment and experience. Researchers apply psychological principles and findings to recommend improvements in performance, communication, job satisfaction, and safety.

Some potential research questions include the following:

36. How do different leadership styles affect employee morale?

37. Do longer lunch breaks boost employee productivity?

38. Is gender an antecedent to workplace stress?

39. What is the most effective way to promote work–life balance among employees?

40. How do different organizational structures impact the effectiveness of communication, decision-making, and productivity?

Forensic psychology research questions

Some questions to consider exploring in this branch of psychology are:

41. How does incarceration affect mental health?

42. Is childhood trauma a driver for criminal behavior during adulthood?

43. Are people with mental health conditions more likely to be victims of crimes?

44. What are the drivers of false memories, and how do they impact the justice system?

45. Is the media responsible for copycat crimes?

Educational psychology research questions

Educational psychology studies children in an educational setting. It covers topics like teaching methods, aptitude assessment, self-motivation, technology, and parental involvement.

Research in this field of psychology is vital for understanding and optimizing learning processes. It informs educators about cognitive development, learning styles, and effective teaching strategies.

Here are some example research questions:

46. Are different teaching styles more beneficial for children at different times of the day?

47. Can listening to classical music regularly increase a student’s test scores?

48. Is there a connection between sugar consumption and knowledge retention in students?

49. Does sleep duration and quality impact academic performance?

50. Does daily meditation at school influence students’ academic performance and mental health?

Sports psychology research question examples

Sport psychology aims to optimize physical performance and well-being in athletes by using cognitive and behavioral practices and interventions. Some methods include counseling, training, and clinical interventions.

Research in this area is important because it can improve team and individual performance, resilience, motivation, confidence, and overall well-being

Here are some research question ideas for you to consider:

51. How can a famous coach affect a team’s performance?

52. How can athletes control negative emotions in violent or high-contact sports?

53. How does using social media impact an athlete’s performance and well-being?

54. Can psychological interventions help with injury rehabilitation?

55. How can mindfulness practices boost sports performance?

Cultural psychology research question examples

The premise of this branch of psychology is that mind and culture are inseparable. In other words, people are shaped by their cultures, and their cultures are shaped by them. This can be a complex interaction.

Cultural psychology is vital as it explores how cultural context shapes individuals’ thoughts, behaviors, and perceptions. It provides insights into diverse perspectives, promoting cross-cultural understanding and reducing biases.

Here are some ideas that you might consider researching:

56. Are there cultural differences in how people perceive and deal with pain?

57. Are different cultures at increased risk of developing mental health conditions?

58. Are there cultural differences in coping strategies for stress?

59. Do our different cultures shape our personalities?

60. How does multi-generational culture influence family values and structure?

Health psychology research question examples

Health psychology is a crucial field of study. Understanding how psychological factors influence health behaviors, adherence to medical treatments, and overall wellness enables health experts to develop effective interventions and preventive measures, ultimately improving health outcomes.

Health psychology also aids in managing stress, promoting healthy behaviors, and optimizing mental health, fostering a holistic approach to well-being.

Here are five ideas to inspire research in this field:

61. How can health psychology interventions improve lifestyle behaviors to prevent cardiovascular diseases?

62. What role do social norms play in vaping among adolescents?

63. What role do personality traits play in the development and management of chronic pain conditions?

64. How do cultural beliefs and attitudes influence health-seeking behaviors in diverse populations?

65. What are the psychological factors influencing the adherence to preventive health behaviors, such as vaccination and regular screenings?

Neuropsychology research paper question examples

Neuropsychology research explores how a person’s cognition and behavior are related to their brain and nervous system. Researchers aim to advance the diagnosis and treatment of behavioral and cognitive effects of neurological disorders.

Researchers may work with children facing learning or developmental challenges, or with adults with declining cognitive abilities. They may also focus on injuries or illnesses of the brain, such as traumatic brain injuries, to determine the effect on cognitive and behavioral functions.

Neuropsychology informs diagnosis and treatment strategies for conditions such as dementia, traumatic brain injuries, and psychiatric disorders. Understanding the neural basis of behavior enhances our ability to optimize cognitive functioning, rehabilitate people with brain injuries, and improve patient care.

Here are some example research questions to consider:

66. How do neurotransmitter imbalances in specific brain regions contribute to mood disorders such as depression?

67. How can a traumatic brain injury affect memory?

68. What neural processes underlie attention deficits in people with ADHD?

69. Do medications affect the brain differently after a traumatic brain injury?

70. What are the behavioral effects of prolonged brain swelling?

Psychology of religion research question examples

The psychology of religion is a field that studies the interplay between belief systems, spirituality, and mental well-being. It explores the application of the psychological methods and interpretive frameworks of religious traditions and how they relate to both religious and non-religious people.

Psychology of religion research contributes to a holistic understanding of human experiences. It fosters cultural competence and guides therapeutic approaches that respect diverse spiritual beliefs.

Here are some example research questions in this field:

71. What impact does a religious upbringing have on a child’s self-esteem?

72. How do religious beliefs shape decision-making and perceptions of morality?

73. What is the impact of religious indoctrination?

74. Is there correlation between religious and mindfulness practices?

75. How does religious affiliation impact attitudes towards mental health treatment and help-seeking behaviors?

Controversial topics in psychology research question examples

Some psychology topics don’t fit into any of the subcategories above, but they may still be worthwhile topics to consider. These topics are the ones that spark interest, conversation, debate, and disagreement. They are often inspired by current issues and assess the validity of older research.

Consider some of these research question examples:

76. How does the rise in on-screen violence impact behavior in adolescents.

77. Should access to social media platforms be restricted in children under the age of 12 to improve mental health?

78. Are prescription mental health medications over-prescribed in older adults? If so, what are the effects of this?

79. Cognitive biases in AI: what are the implications for decision-making?

80. What are the psychological and ethical implications of using virtual reality in exposure therapy for treating trauma-related conditions?

Inspiration for your next psychology research project

You can choose from a diverse range of research questions that intersect and overlap across various specialties.

From cognitive psychology to clinical studies, each inquiry contributes to a deeper understanding of the human mind and behavior. Importantly, the relevance of these questions transcends individual disciplines, as many findings offer insights applicable across multiple areas of study.

As health trends evolve and societal needs shift, new topics emerge, fueling continual exploration and discovery. Diving into this ever-changing and expanding area of study enables you to navigate the complexities of the human experience and pave the way for innovative solutions to the challenges of tomorrow.

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Psychology Research Paper Topics for Quick and Effective Writing

Mark Bradford

Choosing a topic for your psychology research paper can feel like stepping into a maze of possibilities. There's so much ground to cover – human behavior, thoughts, emotions – and it's easy to feel overwhelmed. That's why we've put together this article that rounds up interesting psychology research paper topics to help you get started. Whether you're into understanding why we do what we do, rummaging into the workings of the mind, or exploring how psychology applies in everyday life, there's something here to spark your interest and set you on the right path. Pay for research paper in case you still have struggles with your assignment.

How to Select a Psychology Research Paper Topic?

Choosing a psychology research paper topic can be both exciting and daunting. Here are some steps from our paper writing services to help you choose the right topic:

Good psychology research paper topic characteristics

Consider your interests within psychology and subfields like clinical, cognitive, social, or developmental psychology.
Review course materials for concepts or studies that intrigue you.
Consult with your instructor for guidance and suggestions.
Brainstorm potential topics and write them down.
Narrow your options to manageable and relevant topics.
Assess the feasibility of conducting research within time and resource constraints.
Consider topics related to current events or emerging trends in psychology.
Explore interdisciplinary connections with other fields like neuroscience or sociology.
Look for topics that spark curiosity and enthusiasm for deeper exploration.
Reflect on personal experiences or observations for potential research ideas.
Conduct preliminary research to ensure literature availability.
Evaluate the significance and contribution of each topic.
Refine your chosen topic to a specific research question.
Seek feedback from peers, instructors, or mentors.
Stay flexible as your topic may evolve during research.

By following these steps, you can find a psychology paper topic that will set the stage for a successful research project.

Social Psychology Research Paper Topics

These research paper topics blend science and societal perspectives, often touching on themes that overlap with philosophy. Despite this philosophical connection, they remain intriguing and pertinent to psychology, offering ample opportunity for thoughtful exploration and analysis.

The influence of social media on self-esteem and body image perception.
Effects of group dynamics on decision making in teenagers.
Conformity behavior in online gaming communities.
The impact of stereotypes on academic performance.
Altruism and helping behavior in emergency situations.
Social influence on consumer behavior: A study of product endorsements.
Gender differences in leadership styles and perceptions.
Social identity and its role in intergroup conflict.
The relationship between social support and mental health outcomes.
Factors affecting obedience to authority figures: A contemporary analysis.

Clinical Psychology Research Paper Topics

This branch of science delves into the intricacies of human behavior, shedding light on how individuals interact and respond in their daily lives. Topics within this realm often explore behavioral therapy and cognitive development aspects, offering fertile ground for research and discussion. Here are some common paper topics that frequently demand exploration and analysis.

The efficacy of mindfulness-based stress reduction techniques in managing anxiety disorders.
Cognitive-behavioral therapy for treating depression in adolescents: A systematic review.
The role of family therapy in addressing communication patterns in dysfunctional families.
Effectiveness of virtual reality exposure therapy in treating phobias.
Mind-body interventions for chronic pain management: A comparative analysis.
The impact of early childhood trauma on adult attachment styles.
Neurobiological correlates of PTSD and implications for treatment approaches.
Evaluating the effectiveness of group therapy for social anxiety disorder.
Psychosocial interventions for enhancing resilience in trauma survivors.
Integrative approaches to treating eating disorders: A review of evidence-based practices.

Experimental Psychology Research Paper Topics

When discussing psychology, it's common to associate it with concepts like multiple personalities, but this aspect of the field focuses on a different dimension. Here, the emphasis is on experiments conducted worldwide that illuminate the workings of the brain, the nature of disorders, and more.

The effect of color on cognitive performance: A comparative study.
Investigating the relationship between music tempo and mood regulation.
The impact of social media use on attention span and multitasking abilities.
Examining the bystander effect in emergencies using virtual reality simulations.
Gender differences in spatial navigation abilities: An experimental approach.
The role of sleep quality in memory consolidation and retrieval.
Assessing the effectiveness of positive reinforcement in behavior modification.
Investigating the influence of environmental factors on decision-making processes.
The effects of meditation and mindfulness practices on stress reduction.
Exploring the phenomenon of false memories through experimental manipulation.

Developmental Psychology Research Paper Topics

While developmental psychology research topics can be challenging, they also offer immense rewards. Topics in this realm often revolve around personality formation in children, exploring issues and factors that may influence development. Given the focus on children, it's crucial to consider the data utilized in research carefully.

The influence of parenting styles on emotional intelligence development in children.
Examining the impact of early childhood education programs on cognitive development.
The role of attachment theory in understanding adolescent peer relationships.
Investigating the dangers of teen vaping on social skills development in adolescents.
Exploring the relationship between birth order and personality traits.
Gender identity development in adolescence: A contemporary perspective.
The impact of divorce on child development: A longitudinal study.
Cross-cultural comparisons of moral development in children.
Understanding the effects of bullying on psychosocial development in adolescents.
Examining the role of play in promoting cognitive and social development in preschoolers.

Criminal Psychology Research Paper Topics

While some may associate this area with forensic psychology, it primarily studies the motivations behind criminal behavior and any potential mental health implications. Research in this field often explores why individuals commit crimes and examines the role of mental health disorders or other factors that may contribute to criminal behavior.

Psychological profiling of serial offenders: Case studies and implications for law enforcement.
The role of personality disorders in criminal behavior: A forensic psychology perspective.
Investigating the relationship between childhood trauma and violent criminal behavior.
The psychology of criminal interrogation techniques: Ethical considerations and effectiveness.
Exploring the impact of media violence on aggressive behavior and criminality.
Psychopathic traits and their association with recidivism rates in offenders.
The influence of social environment on juvenile delinquency: A socio-psychological analysis.
Understanding the psychology of hate crimes: Motivations and implications for prevention.
Cognitive biases in eyewitness testimony and their implications for criminal justice.
The effectiveness of rehabilitation programs in reducing criminal recidivism.

Cultural Psychology Research Paper Topics

In this context, you'll explore how culture influences the formation of our minds and its impact throughout our lives. It's essential to maintain a well-organized essay, avoiding both overly broad and overly narrow scopes to keep readers engaged and focused. Psychological factors are vital for understanding the intricate interplay between culture and the mind, highlighting the significance of clear and coherent analysis.

Cultural differences in emotion expression and perception.
The impact of cultural values on parenting styles and child development.
Cultural variations in the perception of mental health and attitudes towards seeking help.
Cultural influences on decision-making processes.
The role of culture in shaping attitudes towards aging and elderly care.
Cross-cultural differences in attitudes towards authority and obedience.
Cultural variations in negotiation styles and conflict resolution strategies.
Exploring cultural differences in the perception of beauty standards and body image.
The influence of cultural context on the experience and treatment of trauma.
Cultural factors and attitudes towards work, career aspirations, and job satisfaction.

Health Psychology Research Paper Topics

Topics might range from exploring specific disorders to strategies for maintaining mental well-being and addressing various psychological challenges. These titles offer both intrigue and practical benefits for readers, encompassing a wide spectrum of psychological elements within science.

The impact of stress on immune function and susceptibility to illness.
Investigating the role of social support in coping with chronic illness.
Strategies for promoting exercise and healthy eating.
Exploring the link between mental health disorders and physical health outcomes.
The influence of personality traits on health-related behaviors and outcomes.
Psychosocial factors in the onset and management of chronic pain conditions.
Understanding the placebo effect: Mechanisms and implications for healthcare.
Examining the psychological effects of living with a chronic illness or disability.
The role of mindfulness-based interventions in improving overall health and well-being.
Psychological aspects of patient-provider communication and its impact on treatment adherence.

Sports Psychology Research Paper Topics

Let’s investigate the psychology of athletes and how they navigate the challenges of their world. The psychological factors here are profound and expansive, influencing performance, resilience, and well-being. These ideas offer engaging avenues for exploration, particularly for sports enthusiasts, providing prime examples of papers within sports psychology.

The psychology of peak performance: Strategies used by elite athletes.
Exploring the relationship between personality traits and athletic success.
The impact of imagery and visualization techniques on athletic performance.
Examining the role of motivation in sports participation and achievement.
Psychological factors affecting injury risk and recovery in athletes.
Investigating the effects of competition anxiety on performance outcomes.
The psychology of team dynamics: Communication, cohesion, and leadership.
Understanding burnout in athletes: Risk factors, prevention, and intervention strategies.
The influence of coach-athlete relationships on athlete motivation and performance.
Psychological aspects of sports rehabilitation and return to play.

Educational Psychology Research Paper Topics

The psychological elements in education center around education and its impact on the mind. This encompasses the effects of education during formative years and its influence later in life. Research paper topics in this area study how education shapes cognition, behavior, and overall mental well-being, offering valuable insights into lifelong learning and development.

The impact of teacher-student relationships on academic achievement and student well-being.
Exploring the effectiveness of different learning styles and teaching strategies in the classroom.
Investigating the role of self-regulated learning in academic success.
The influence of technology on student engagement and learning outcomes.
Understanding the psychology of motivation in educational settings.
Examining the effects of standardized testing on student motivation and self-esteem.
Exploring the relationship between classroom environment and student behavior.
The role of parental involvement in children's academic achievement.
Investigating the impact of cultural diversity on teaching and learning practices.
Exploring the psychology of academic procrastination: Causes, consequences, and interventions.

Social Media Psychology Research Paper Topics

Here, the focus lies on exploring the impact of social media platforms like Facebook and Instagram on our mental health. Research papers in this area delve into how these platforms influence our well-being, examining the benefits and drawbacks. To address this topic effectively, thorough research is essential, incorporating a wealth of details to analyze the psychological effects of social media use comprehensively.

The impact of social media use on mental health and well-being.
The role of social media in shaping identity formation and self-esteem.
The effects of social media comparison on body image dissatisfaction.
The psychology of social media addiction: Risk factors, consequences, and interventions.
Understanding cyberbullying dynamics on social media platforms: Risk factors and protective factors.
The relationship between social media use and interpersonal relationships.
The influence of influencer marketing on consumer behavior and purchasing decisions.
Investigating the role of social media in spreading misinformation and fake news.
Exploring the effects of social media on political attitudes and behaviors.
Psychology of online activism and social movements on social media platforms.

Abnormal Psychology Research Paper Topics

The main aim is to explore and study different psychological disorders, clearly conveying their nature and effects to a wider audience. This includes examining disorders like eating disorders and severe psychosis, using precise and current data to support arguments and improving comprehension.

Causes and treatments of specific phobias.
Understanding schizophrenia: Symptoms and therapies.
Childhood trauma and dissociative disorders.
Cognitive-behavioral therapy for OCD.
Genetics and mood disorders.
Substance use disorders and co-occurring mood disorders.
Psychosocial factors in eating disorders.
Trauma and PTSD.
Personality disorders: Types and interventions.
Mindfulness for depression and anxiety.

Cognitive Psychology Research Paper Topics

The topics often revolve around identifying problems and proposing solutions. Maintaining focus while writing and paying meticulous attention to details is crucial to ensure clarity and accuracy.

Memory consolidation during sleep.
The role of attention in perception and memory.
Exploring the cognitive mechanisms underlying decision-making processes.
The effects of aging on cognitive function and memory.
Cognitive biases in judgment and decision-making.
The impact of technology on cognitive processes.
Neural correlates of language processing.
Exploring the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy in treating anxiety disorders.
The psychology of problem-solving.
Development of executive functions in children.

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115 Developmental Psychology Essay Topic Ideas & Examples

🏆 best developmental psychology topic ideas & essay examples, 💡 interesting topics to write about developmental psychology, 📌 simple & easy developmental psychology essay titles, 👍 good essay topics on developmental psychology, ❓ developmental psychology essay questions.

The Significance of Lifespan Development in the Practice of Counseling Psychology The physical aspect of lifespan development is one of the important ones: it is related to the growth and development of the body and changes in the body and the brain.
Contribution Ancient Great Thinkers to the Growth and Development of Psychology Then, the relationship between the mind and the body perplexed ancient philosophers and this led to the development of psychology as an independent field of knowledge that considers both philosophy of the mind and physiology […]
Developmental Theories in Psychology Moreover, it shows the similarities and differences among these theories and how they account for normal and abnormal child and adolescent psychological and physical development in children and adolescents with specific reference to physical, cognitive, […]
Developmental Psychology: Franz Kafka and Social Learning It is true that the writer’s life was not particularly eventful, and the majority of defining events took place in his psyche.
Developmental Psychology: Designing Educational Toys Nwokah argues that the educational value of a toy depends on the stage of development of the kid and that toys should be designed in such a way that they align with the child’s developmental […]
Jean Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development – Psychology From birth to about the age of two years, a child goes through the sensorimotor phase of development. In addition, it is possible for some children to demonstrate the overlapping characteristics of the bordering stages […]
Developmental Psychology. “Erik Erikson” by McLeod In this theory, intelligence is both logical and biological; logical in that it depends on the acquisition of habits and the individual’s responses to his or her environment.
Lifespan Development and Its Stages in Psychology The choice of this research method is preconditioned by the need to investigate the way cognitive processes among this age group occur and find out factors that result in the appearance of differences between participants.
Neuroscience and Child Development – Psychology In this regard, the adoption of neuroscience findings in the development of new childhood theories and policies could lead to enhanced interventions for improved life outcomes.
Theories of Developmental Psychology Ainsworth also invented the notion of the attachment figure as a secure pedestal which a child can use to explore the society.
Developmental Psychology of an Immigrant Family Krish, the middle child, belongs to the category of middle childhood, which follows the previous stage and lasts until the age of 12.
Developmental Psychology as Scientific Study The second step is to pinpoint the causes of behavior changes, such as the significance of genetic or biological variables, the impact of different experiences, and the effect of peers, parents, and other people.
Developmental Psychology Analysis It is critical to understand techniques for teaching reading in schools and kindergartens and their value in terms of children’s development.
Adolescent Development: Adolescent Psychology Due to the transition to the interactions between an individual and a group observed at the adolescent stage of development, the main features of psychological change in adolescents include alterations in self-identification and group belonging, […]
The Midlife Crisis in Developmental Psychology The midlife crisis exists, and it is associated with an awareness of the limitations of youth and the transience of the time allotted for life.
Renee Baillargeon Biography and Her Contribution to the Developmental Psychology She is the Alumni Distinguished Professor of Psychology and a faculty member of the Center for Advanced Study at the University of Illinois.
Self Concept: Developmental Psychology When I began to wonder about my inner self, sometimes I was sure to understand the real me and have a divided definition of who I am.
Developmental Psychology: The Impact of Family-Of-Origin on Adulthood Being a man, I have learned to take responsibilities aimed at providing for the needs and giving direction to members of my family.
Child Development and Evolutionary Psychology Judging from the point of view of fitness the authors analyze the evolved psychological mechanisms in the perspective of their adaptivity, apply functional analysis to it, and deal with such mechanisms as pregnancy-related sickness.
Developmental Psychology: Autism and Vaccination Vaccination of infants is widely used today as the pattern of endemic diseases can be explained in terms of interplay of social, physical and biological factors in an area that is conducive to a continuous […]
Lifespan Development: Adolescent Psychology Physical changes occur in the child during the period of adolescence as they hit puberty. It is known as the formal operational period and is the fourth stage in the life of the individual.
Development Psychology: Aging Attitudes in Mass Media Considering the problem of attitudes towards aging in mass media, one can observe that the elderly population is having been viewed in a different manner if compared to the people of young age.
Lifespan Development Psychology: Observation at Cosmo Park Finally, the paper will discern the parenting style that the parents were using on the subject being observed.”Life Span is the study of life from the womb to the tomb”.
Developmental Psychology. Birth Process One should keep that information and be able to help others as you still benefit so no ignorance to what the doctor advices you.
Developmental Psychology: Cognitive Theories For Piaget the human psyche was the only evolutionary product that performed the function of balancing the human being with the world, and was and instrument of adaptation to the environment.
Developmental Psychology: Language Acquisition When examining the notion of language acquisition and understanding, it is prudent that one first considers the age of the child. In order for a child to acquire language, it is necessary for the child […]
Developmental Psychology and Behavioral Factors Therefore, the factor of behavior is not subject exclusively to hereditary influence and is the result of accumulated experience and the perception of the environment.
Parenting Topic in Developmental Psychology The involvement of parents is key since it is in the family where the moral foundations and principles are laid, which shapes the human character in the future.
Developmental Psychology by Wim Beyers and Inge Seiffge-Krenke Also, in this analysis, the original association between identity development at the age of 15 and the intimacy at the age of 25 was reduced to non-significant levels, confirming the mediating role of relational identity […]
Behaviorism in Development of Psychology The primary goal of this paper is to draw attention to the topic of behaviorism and explain its importance to the development of psychology in the long-term.
Developmental Psychology: Executive Functions It is linked to the ability of a person to control behavior. They are linked to the ability of a person to be creative.
Developmental Psychology: From Infancy to Adulthood It is, however, important to note that motor development ability mainly depends on the weight and organization of the body of a child. Language development is mainly the ability of a child to use and […]
Development of Creativity – Psychology The child energy directed at exploration and learning was used to the fullest and resulted in a massive increase of divergent thinking and creativity.
Infant Developmental Theories – Psychology It should be stated that at the infant stage of development, Vygotsky considers the separation of a child from the mother and the creation of the basis for the further development of a human being.
Childhood Developmental Stages in Psychology Social Development of this skill means that a child is capable of interacting with people and understanding the meaning of relationships.
Adolescence and Adulthood Developmental Stages – Psychology The onset of adolescence marks the refinement of most individuals’ thinking abilities because at this stage the majority of individuals would have attained control in their thinking process.
Definition of Developmental Psychology Developmental psychology is a branch of science which researches and analyses the main peculiarities and stages of the development of a human being.
Concept of Cognitive Development in Psychology Various studies show that the human memory develops and changes with the age of an individual. The physical growth of the brain affects the behavioral changes throughout the growth process.
The Development Psychology: Parents’ Probability of Having Another Children In conjunction to this argument, the purpose of the study topic is to create awareness to the people in the society that the characteristics of the first born child affects siblings birth in the family […]
How Do the Research Findings of Cognitive, Developmental and Social Psychology Apply to Real World Issues? Research in development psychology has also aided in predicting interpersonal relationships and moral reasoning with regard to the stage of development that a person is in.
Developmental Psychology Theories of Piaget and Vygotsky Piaget proposed the theory of “Developmental Growth of Schemata” which explores the role of schemata in relation to acquisition of new experiences.
Moral Development and Its Relation to Psychology These stages reveal the individual’s moral orientation expanding his/her experiences and perceptions of the world with regard to the cognitive development of a person admitting this expansion. The views of Piaget and Kohlberg differ in […]
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50+ Topics for Psychology Research Papers

Categories Psychology Education

If you have ever had to write a paper for one of your psychology classes, then you probably know that choosing psychology paper topics can sometimes be tricky. Fortunately, there are plenty of great topics for psychology research papers to help you finish your assignment.

Keep reading to learn more about how to find topics for psychology research papers and find inspiration to help you get started.

Table of Contents

How to Choose Topics for Psychology Research Papers

If you are going to write a psychology paper, the first thing you need to do is pick a good topic. This is often easier said than done.

In some cases, your instructor might assign you topics for psychology research papers, or at least narrow your range of options by providing a general subject area on which to focus your paper.

But in many cases, choosing the topic of your psychology paper is entirely up to you—and that’s where things can get tricky. How do you choose a great topic? What if you pick something too specific and struggle to find sources? Or what if you go too broad and end up biting off more than you can chew?

Following a few simple steps can make the topic selection process a lot easier.

Choose a General Subject

Part of what makes picking a topic for a psychology paper so difficult is how overwhelmed you are by the information you feel. Make it easier on yourself by restricting your options to at least a general topic area.

Narrow Down to a More Specific Topic

Once you’ve chosen a general area, you can then narrow topics for psychology research papers down to something much more specific and manageable.

For example, you might start by deciding that you want to write your paper on a topic within a specific branch of psychology . From there you might further narrow your focus down to a much narrower subject area within that branch

So, imagine that you’re writing a psychology research paper in your general psychology course. Your instructor has given you free rein to select any topic you please, so you begin by deciding to write your paper on a social psychology topic.

Now that you have a general idea, you drill down further and decide to research and write your paper on how prejudice forms and ways to minimize it.

General Topics for Psychology Research Papers

Because general psychology classes cover such a wide range of topics, you have a very large selection of subject ideas to choose from. Start by choosing a general topic, and then narrow your focus down so that you can fully cover the subject.

Some ideas include:

An issue paper: Tackle one of the current issues in psychology, such as parity in mental health care or involving psychologists in military interrogations.
Profile a famous psychologist: Select a well-known psychologist and then write a profile exploring his or her life, theories, and career.
Explore a well-known psychology experiment: Write a paper on a classic psychology study, such as the Milgram Obedience Experiment or the Stanford Prison Experiment.
Write about a topic within personality psychology: Personality psychology focuses on the traits and dispositions that contribute to overall personality. This is one of the largest topics within psychology so there are plenty of fascinating research topics from which to choose. Some specific topics that might interest you include whether personality can change, different theories of personality development and the Big Five theory of personality.

Specific Topics for Psychology Research Papers

You might also want to choose topics for psychology research papers that are related to a specific branch of psychology. Some options that you might consider include:

Clinical Psychology

How effective is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for treating specific phobias?
What is the relationship between childhood trauma and borderline personality disorder?
How do medication and psychotherapy compare in the treatment of depression?
How does social media affect teen mental health?

Developmental Psychology

How do parenting styles influence child development?
What are the long-term effects of early childhood education?
What role does play have in cognitive development?
What effect does having siblings have on developmental outcomes?

Cognitive Psychology

How does sleep deprivation influence the memory consolidation process?
What impact does aging have on cognitive functioning?
How does exercise impact working memory?
Does learning a second language have cognitive benefits?

Social Psychology

What effect does discrimination have on self-esteem?
How does self-presentation online differ from self-presentation in real-world settings?
How do leadership styles influence productivity in groups?

Okay, let’s just imagine that you’re having a bad case of writer’s block. You understand the basic approach for picking a good topic, but nothing seems to be catching your interest. You’re looking for some more inspiration to get you started.

Here are just a few great topics for psychology papers that you might want to consider:

Controversial Topics for Psychology Research Papers

The history of psychology is not always positive, and if you enjoy writing about controversial topics, psychology’s history is rich with material.

The use of lobotomies to treat mental illness
The history of mental asylums in the United States
The use and effects of electroconvulsive therapy
Conversion therapy and its damaging effects
Attachment therapy
Controversial experiments such as Milgram’s obedience experiment or Zimbardo’s Stanford Prison experiment
The debate over the nature of intelligence
The impact of the eugenics movement on psychology
Controversies surrounding the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)

Disorder Topics for Psychology Research Papers

Writing about the history, prevalence, and treatment of a specific mental condition can be an interesting topic for a psychology paper. Some options you might consider include:

Eating disorders
Anxiety disorders
Borderline personality disorder
Schizophrenia
Substance abuse and addictions
Developmental disorders

Psychology Research Paper Topics

In the list of psychology research paper topics below we have attempted to capture psychology’s vast and evolving nature in the 16 categories and more than 100 topics.

100+ Psychology Research Paper Topics

H istory of psychology.

History of Psychology
Psychology Before 1900
Psychology in the 20th Century
Psychology Into the 21st Century
Women and Minorities in Psychology

Mental Health

Agoraphobia
Alzheimer’s Disease
Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa (Eating Disorders)
Antisocial Personality Disorder
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Borderline Personality Disorder
Conduct Disorder
Dissociative Disorders
Mental Retardation
Mood Disorders
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Panic Attacks
Personality Disorders
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)
Psychopathology
Schizophrenia
Sexual Disorders
Somatization and Hypochondriasis
Substance Abuse

Psychology Research and Analytic Techniques

Statistical Techniques and Analysis
Nonexperimental Research Methods
Experimental Designs
Single-Subject Designs
Qualitative Research
Ethics of Psychological Research

Neuroscience

Biological Psychology
Neurotransmission
Traditional Neuroscience Research Methods
Imaging Techniques for the Localization of Brain Function
Drug Addiction
Behavioral Pharmacology

Sensory Processes and Perception

Psychophysics
States of Consciousness
Somatosensory Systems

Evolution and Behavior

Evolutionary Psychology
Evolutionary Perspectives on Mate Preferences
Animal Learning and Behavior
Animal Cognition
Comparative Psychology

Basic Learning Processes

Classical Conditioning
Recent Trends in Classical Conditioning
Taste-Aversion Learning
Operant Conditioning
Recent Trends in Operant Conditioning
Social Learning
Stimulus Equivalence

Individual Differences and Personality

Psychometrics
Testing and Assessment
Personality Development
Personality Psychology
Intelligence

Cognitive Psychology

Memory and Eyewitness Testimony
Repressed and Recovered Memory
Language and Language Development
Thinking and Problem Solving
Critical Thinking
Artificial Intelligence

Developmental Psychology

Prenatal Development and Infancy
Childhood and Adolescence
Adulthood and Aging
Disabilities
Death, Dying, and Bereavement
Nature Versus Nurture

Social Psychology

Social Cognition
Attitudes and Attitude Change
Group Processes
Social Influence
The Nature of Love
Prejudice and Stereotyping

Health, Stress, and Coping

Health Psychology
Stress and Stressors
Coping Skills
Positive Psychology
Human Performance in Extreme Environments

Clinical Psychology

Abnormal Psychology
Ethics of Therapists
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
Anxiety Disorders
Psychoactive Substance Use Disorders
Psychotherapy
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
Family Therapy
Pharmacotherapy
Forensic Clinical Psychology
Sexual Offending Behavior

Applied Psychology

Industrial and Organizational Psychology
Human Factors
Community Psychology
Sport Psychology
Environmental Psychology
Psychology and the Law
Applied Behavior Analysis
Organizational Behavior Management

Human Diversity

Gender and Sexual Orientation
Multiple Axes of Human Diversity
Psychology and Religion
Cross-Cultural Psychology and Research
International Psychology

Assessment and Psychotherapy

Assessment of Mental Health in Older Adults
Behavior Therapy
Behavioral Medicine
Biofeedback
Child Sexual Abuse
Classifying Mental Disorders
Clinical Assessment
Cognitive Therapy
Community Mental Health
Constructivist Psychotherapies
Coping with Stress
Couples Therapy
Depression—Applied Aspects
Domestic Violence Intervention
Meditation and the Relaxation Response
Personality Assessment
Premenstrual Syndrome Treatment
Psychoanalysis
Psychopharmacology
Sexual Dysfunction Therapy
Standards for Psychotherapy
Support Groups

Browse More Psychology Research Paper Topics:

Applied Behavior Analysis Research Paper Topics
Biological Psychology Research Paper Topics
Clinical Psychology Research Paper Topics
Cognitive Psychology Research Paper Topics
Community Psychology Research Paper Topics
Comparative Psychology Research Paper Topics
Consumer Psychology Research Paper Topics
Counseling Psychology Research Paper Topics
Evolutionary Psychology Research Paper Topics
School Psychology Research Paper Topics

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For example, the early years of the 20th century witnessed the development and popularization of the now classic “schools of psychology” such as structuralism, functionalism, Gestalt psychology, and behaviorism. World War II and the Korean War spurred the development of modern clinical psychology. In the middle of the 20th century, individual schools rose to prominence and tended to dominate psychological research and theorizing. These dominant schools often clashed with clinical psychology. For example, disagreements between behaviorists and clinicians, which have their roots in the 1940s and 1950s, still persist.

Toward the end of the 1960s, the nature of the field began to change, and the face of modern psychology was forever altered. First, Ulrich Neisser’s 1967 book, Cognitive Psychology, ushered in the “cognitive revolution” and put behaviorism on the decline. Technological advances in computer technology, which allowed researchers to simulate human thought and memory processes and to create images of neurological processes, played an inestimable role in modern psychology’s metamorphosis. Likewise, advances in social concern and action increased psychologists’ awareness of psychology’s diversity and its ability to make significant contributions in these areas. To be sure, the face of contemporary psychology was changing drastically. In fact, in 1992 former American Psychological Association (APA) president George A. Miller believed that psychology had become “an intellectual zoo” (p. 40). Clearly, that situation has not changed, as psychology is evolving in the 21st century.

We believe that our choice of traditional and cutting-edge research paper topics reflects contemporary psychology’s diverse nature. For example, the “traditional” research paper topics include the following:

The cutting-edge research paper topics include the following:

Conducting Research on the History of Psychology

Browse examples of psychology research papers to find sample research papers on psychology topics. Whether the research paper deals with a traditional topic or a cutting-edge topic, you will find that it presents the materials in a decidedly contemporary manner. We hope that students will enjoy reading the research papers on different topics in psychology as much as we have enjoyed collecting them for you.

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Teaching Research Skills That Transfer to Future Projects

Exploratory research teaches skills that have lifelong use..

Posted July 22, 2024 | Reviewed by Monica Vilhauer

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This post is the fourth in a series.

When helping students become researchers, the goal is not only to equip students to tackle a current research project but also to ensure the learned skills will stay with them for future endeavors. Students must understand which research staples must be applied under any circumstances (like critically evaluating sources or following ethical guidelines) while maintaining the flexibility to try different approaches and make new connections. Students at Laguna Beach High School (LBHS) are learning to do just that.

In Part I of this series I spoke to Jun Shen, the passionate teacher and ed-tech coordinator who runs LBHS’s Authentic Exploratory Research (AER) program . AER is an independent research course inspired by Palo Alto Unified School District’s Advanced Authentic Research program . The program pairs students with adult mentors (such as LBUSD staff, industry experts, and academics) who assist the teens in researching their big questions in fields of their choice.

Former LBHS student Carter Ghere was the third teenager to give us an account of his experience in AER and the findings that his AER research produced. A benefit to meeting with Ghere was that he has since moved on to projects outside the AER program, such as promoting physical and mental health . The research skills Ghere honed in AER, combined with his passion for his new endeavors, show us how students can learn research skills in a way that has lasting benefits.

Jenny Grant Rankin: What can teachers do to help students research effectively, not only for current projects but also for future research endeavors?

Carter Ghere: Teachers can encourage students to think about minor aspects of the project that greatly influence the thesis rather than just the thesis question itself. When I researched car design and why it varies, I had to consider each factor that could help me build a strong argument. What started as research on cars very quickly turned into research into socioeconomics, societal upbringing, and government involvement in diplomatic events and conflict. Automotive design changed because manufacturers were competing against each other to sell more cars or improve efficiency, but mass appeal is the biggest driving aspect of change, so I had to research what changes mass appeal and where interests originate from. Laterally, researching aspects of influence opens up much research to apply to your projects, instead of searching for the answer most people already know. Teachers can teach their students how to see the hidden influences, draw conclusions themselves to strengthen their arguments, and accelerate the research process. Knowing how to do research effectively carries over a lifetime, making every new learning endeavor exciting for students instead of monotonous.

JGR: What was the most significant thing you learned about conducting research?

CG: Relevance and impact. The biggest thing I learned while I was conducting research was keeping in mind how your study affects the current information already available. It’s easy to research and quote what most people know, but genuinely effective research isn’t commonly known or even thought of; the research is supposed to question the current knowledge to create new knowledge.

JGR: What was the most significant thing you learned about communicating research or other work?

CG: Knowing your audience is the biggest thing I learned about communicating my work. Putting myself in the shoes of someone reading my work helped me curate my research to better explain my findings to someone who may need to learn about my topic or why this is important. The last thing you want your audience to feel is confusion; a clear, simple explanation of your findings helps the reader draw their connections and relate them to what they already know.

JGR: What lessons learned in AER do you find yourself applying in your current efforts to promote mental health?

CG: The research experience I have from AER accelerated the work I’ve done beyond high school. In terms of research and the actual information I give out, I know that what I’m discovering isn’t new, but the personal opinion that I have is, and that’s what AER taught me. The thoughts that I have on the subject matter of lifestyle and self-development have more relevance than just plain information.

Learning through apprenticeship and embracing the guidance of a mentor profoundly expanded my understanding. This experience made me realize the vast opportunities I still have to learn and grow. At AER, I had the chance to engage in research, connect with experts in the field, develop personal convictions that I am passionate about, ensure these ideas resonate with others, and communicate them effectively.

Ghere demonstrates what we want students to be able to do with the knowledge and skills we teach: to remember, apply, and develop them perpetually. Ideally, as in Ghere’s case, students also use their research skills to help others and improve our world.

Jenny Grant Rankin, Ph.D., is a Fulbright Specialist for the U.S. Department of State.

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DOI: 10.1108/tr-11-2023-0788
Corpus ID: 271484346

Mental health research in tourism and hospitality: a horizon 2050 paper

Fangli Hu , Jun Wen , Metin Kozak
Published in The Tourist Review 29 July 2024
Psychology, Medicine

56 References

Mental health on the go: navigating travel and travel eligibility, perceived health benefits of nature‐based tourism: the influences of tourists' involvement, restorative environment and health consciousness, solidarity tourism: a pathway to revitalising the health of vulnerable war-affected populations, the role of tourism in healthy aging: an interdisciplinary literature review and conceptual model, the impact of migrant workers’ inclusion on subjective well-being, organizational identification, and organizational citizenship behavior, is your working life good alienation in the nexus between job characteristics and organizational citizenship behavior of hospitality frontline employees, travel duration and the restorative effects of holiday experiences: an inverted u-shape, from existential anxiety to post-traumatic growth, travel medicine in hospitality: an interdisciplinary perspective, scientific collaboration and thematic analysis of the tourism industry in the context of covid-19: a bibliometric approach, related papers.

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Open access
Published: 27 July 2024

Artificial intelligence in medical education - perception among medical students

Preetha Jackson 1 ,
Gayathri Ponath Sukumaran 1 ,
Chikku Babu 1 ,
M. Christa Tony 1 ,
Deen Stephano Jack 1 ,
V. R. Reshma 1 ,
Dency Davis 1 ,
Nisha Kurian 1 &
Anjum John 1

BMC Medical Education volume 24 , Article number: 804 ( 2024 ) Cite this article

125 Accesses

10 Altmetric

Metrics details

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes pervasive in healthcare, including applications like robotic surgery and image analysis, the World Medical Association emphasises integrating AI education into medical curricula. This study evaluates medical students’ perceptions of ‘AI in medicine’, their preferences for AI training in education, and their grasp of AI’s ethical implications in healthcare.

Materials & methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 325 medical students in Kerala using a pre-validated, semi structured questionnaire. The survey collected demographic data, any past educational experience about AI, participants’ self-evaluation of their knowledge and evaluated self-perceived understanding of applications of AI in medicine. Participants responded to twelve Likert-scale questions targeting perceptions and ethical aspects and their opinions on suggested topics on AI to be included in their curriculum.

Results & discussion

AI was viewed as an assistive technology for reducing medical errors by 57.2% students and 54.2% believed AI could enhance medical decision accuracy. About 49% agreed that AI could potentially improve accessibility to healthcare. Concerns about AI replacing physicians were reported by 37.6% and 69.2% feared a reduction in the humanistic aspect of medicine. Students were worried about challenges to trust (52.9%), patient-physician relationships (54.5%) and breach of professional confidentiality (53.5%). Only 3.7% felttotally competent in informing patients about features and risks associated with AI applications. Strong demand for structured AI training was expressed, particularly on reducing medical errors (76.9%) and ethical issues (79.4%).

This study highlights medical students’ demand for structured AI training in undergraduate curricula, emphasising its importance in addressing evolving healthcare needs and ethical considerations. Despite widespread ethical concerns, the majority perceive AI as an assistive technology in healthcare. These findings provide valuable insights for curriculum development and defining learning outcomes in AI education for medical students.

Peer Review reports

Introduction

The concept of Artificial Intelligence (AI) dates back to the 1950s when Alan Turing, often referred to as the father of computer science, proposed the question, “Can machines think”? Interestingly, he designed the now famous ‘Turing Test’ where humans were to identify the responder of a question as human or machine [ 1 ]. Subsequently in 1956 John McCarthy coined the term “Artificial Intelligence” [ 2 ] and the next decade saw the birth of the first ever artificial neural network which was “the first machine which is capable of having an original idea” [ 3 ]. Thus progressed the growth of this once unimaginable phenomenon. In this 21st century, most people are familiar with the term AI because of Siri (Intelligent Virtual Assistant) [ 4 ], Open AI’s ChatGPT (language model based chatbot) [ 5 ], traffic prediction by Google Maps or Uber [ 6 ] or customer service bots (AI powered assistants) [ 4 ] that intelligently provide suggestions.

There is no universally accepted definition for AI, but it can be simply defined as “the ability of machines to mimic intelligent human behaviour, including problem solving and learning” [ 7 ]. Specific applications of AI include expert systems, natural language processing, speech recognition, machine vision, and many more, applying which AI has exhibited qualities similar to or even above those of humans [ 8 ].

The use of AI and related technologies is becoming increasingly prevalent in all aspects of human life and beginning to influence the field of healthcare too [ 9 ]. AI technologies have already developed algorithms to analyse a variety of health data, including clinical, behavioural, environmental, and drug information using data from both patients as well as biomedical literature [ 10 ]. Convoluted Neural Networks, designed to automatically and adaptively learn spatial hierarchies of features, can be successfully used to develop diabetic retinopathy screening [ 11 ], skin lesion classification [ 12 ], lymph node metastasis detection [ 13 ], and detection of an abnormality in a radiograph [ 14 ].

Artificial Intelligence can help patients understand their symptoms, influence health seeking behaviour, and thereby improve their quality of life [ 15 ]. AI assistants have even suggested medicines for cancer patients with equal or better efficiency than human experts [ 16 ]. With a capable AI assistant, it is possible to sift through and analyse multitudes of data in a matter of seconds and make conclusions, thus exponentially increasing its applications in biomedical research. AI promises future influences in healthcare in terms of AI assisted robotic surgery, virtual nursing assistants, and image analysis. Simply put, AI can help patients and healthcare providers in diagnosing a disease, assessing risk of disease, estimating treatment success, managing complications, and supporting patients [ 17 ].

Though AI has limitless potential, it has certain vulnerabilities and weaknesses. The quality and relevance of the input data can affect the accuracy of a deep learning diagnostic AI.The kind of funding that is required to construct the machinery and develop an intelligence is not easily accessible in the field of medicine, not to mention the constraints of machine ethics and confidentiality. However, being familiar with the concepts, applications and advantages of AI is definitely beneficial and therefore advisable, especially in the field of medical education and policy making [ 17 , 18 ].

The World Medical Association advocates for a change in medical curricula and educational opportunities for patients, physicians, medical students, health administrators, and other health care professionals to foster a better understanding of the numerous aspects of the healthcare AI, both positive and negative [ 19 ]. Additionally, in 2019, the Standing Committee of European Doctors stressed the need to use AI systems in basic and continuing medical education [ 20 ]. They recommended the need for AI systems to be integrated into medical education, residency training, and continuing medical education courses to increase awareness of the proper use of AI. In this context, there is an emerging need for developing curricula specifically designed to train future physicians on AI.

To develop an effective AI curriculum, we need to understand how today’s medical students perceive AI in medicine, and their comprehension of AI’s ethical dimension as well. However, the available need assessment studies in an Indian setting are barely enough. Grunhut et al. had recommended in 2021 that national surveys need to be carried out among medical students on the attitude and expectations of learning AI in medical colleges for developing a curriculum [ 21 ]. Similar unbiased probability based, large scale surveys would identify the realistic goals physicians will be asked to meet, the expectations that will be put on them, and the resources and knowledge they would need to meet these goals. Also, current literature falls short of a comprehensive needs assessment which is important for curriculum development and defining learning outcomes. Hence in this study we aimed to assess the perceptions on ‘AI in medicine’ among Indian medical students, to assess the proportion of medical students who are in favour of structured training on AI applications during their undergraduate course, and also to assess their perceptions on AI’s ethical dimensions.

Recruitment: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the undergraduate medical students of Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre during the period of June – August 2023. An introductory discussion on the purpose and importance of this study was conducted with each batch of students from first year to house surgeons following which the link to the Google-form containing the consent and questionnaire was shared in the batch Whatsapp groups.

There were a total of 500 medical students in the Institute from 1st year MBBS to the medical students undergoing their internship. The Google form was open for 3 months, with reminder messages sent at intervals of one month. Participation was voluntary (informed consent was obtained through the first section of the Google form)due to which no randomisation could be ensured, implying that some selection bias can be expected.

Participants who did not consent or submitted incomplete questionnaires were excluded from the study. An online survey using Google forms was conducted using a validated semi structured questionnaire which had 3 sections. The questions were adopted from a Turkish study by Civaner et al. [ 22 ]. Since the questionnaire was originally drafted in English, there was no need for translation into a comprehensible language. The first section dealt with demographic details (age, gender and year of study), any past educational experience about AI (had attended training or seminars) and participants’ self-evaluation of their knowledge of AI. The second section consisted of 12 five point Likert questions on medical students’ perceptions of AI including five questions on ethical aspects as well, which were expressed in the form of agreement or disagreement. The last section was about their opinions on selected topics on AI - whether they should be included in their medical curriculum or not. A pilot study was undertaken by administering the questionnaire to a group of 20 medical students who were then posted in the Department of Community Medicine.

Statistical Analysis: Responses on medical students’ perception on the possible influences of AI were graded using Likert scale ranging from 0 (totally disagree) to 4 (totally agree). Data was entered into Microsoft Excel and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences 25.0. Age of the participants is expressed as mean with standard deviation and categorical variables such as opinions, perceptions and year of study are expressed as frequencies and percentages.

Out of 500 medical students in the institution, 327 students participated in the survey. After excluding the incomplete questionnaires, data of 325 participants were analysed. Therefore the response rate amounts to 65%.

The mean (SD) age of the participants was 21.4 (1.9) years, (ranging from 18 to 25 years) with 76% (248/325) females.

AI in medicine- prior knowledge and self-evaluation

Majority of students (91.4%)(297/325) stated that they had not received any training on AI in their medical curriculum, while the others mentioned that they had attended events like seminars and presentations on AI. Almost 52%(169/325) students have heard about AI but possess no knowledge of it. One third of the participants (106/325) self-reported to have ‘partial knowledge’ on AI while none of them reported to be ‘very knowledgeable.’

Of all the participants, only 37.2% (121/325) did not agree with the opinion that AI could replace physicians; instead, the majority thought that it could be an assistant or a tool that would help them. About 37.6% (122/325) of participants agreed that the use of AI would reduce the need for physicians and thus result in loss of jobs. More than half of the participants (173/325) agreed that they would become better physicians with the widespread use of AI applications. Almost 35% (114/325) stated that their choice of specialization would be influenced by how AI was used in that field. Only 26.8% (87/325) of participants totally or mostly agreed that they felt competent enough to give information on AI to patients. More than half of the participants (166/325) were unsure of protecting patient confidentiality while using AI.

Perceptions on the possible influences of AI in medicine

Regarding student perceptions on the possible influences of AI in medicine (Fig. 1 ), the highest agreement (72.3%) was observed on the item ‘reduces error in medical practice’ (235/325) while the lowest agreement (40.3%) was on ‘devalues the medical profession’ (131/325). Students were mostly in favour of applying AI in medicine because they felt it would enable them to make more accurate decisions (72%, (234/325) and would facilitate patients’ access to healthcare (60.9%, 198/325). There were 59.4% (193/325) of participants who agreed that AI would facilitate patient education and 50.5% (164/325) who agreed that AI would allow the patient to increase their control over their own health.

Frequency distribution of perceptions of medical students on AI in medicine

Need for training on AI in medical curriculum

Almost three-fourths of the participants were in favour of structured training on AI applications that should be given during medical education (74.8%, 243/325). The participants thought that it was important to be trained on various topics related to AI in medicine as depicted in Fig. 2 . The most frequent topics that they perceived necessary in this domain were knowledge and skills about AI applications (84.3%274/325), training to prevent and solve ethical problems that may arise with AI applications (79.4%258/325), and AI assisted risk analysis for diseases (78.1%254/325).

Frequency distribution of opinions of medical students as to whether the suggested topics should be included in their medical curriculum

Ethical concerns regarding AI in medicine (Table 1 )

On the topic of disadvantages and risks of using AI in medicine 69.2% (225/325) agreed that AI would reduce the humanistic aspect of the medical profession, 54.5% (177/325) agreed that it could negatively affect the patient-physician relationship, 52.9% (173/325) were concerned that using AI assisted applications can damage trust in patients while 53.5% (174/325) thought that AI could possibly cause violations of professional confidentiality.

Sub group analysis

Perceptions about being a better doctor with the use of AI applications, being competent enough to inform patients about features & risks of AI applications and the perception about the use of AI in medicine causing a reduction in job opportunities were the ones which showed significant association with the baseline variables like gender, year of study and having prior exposure to course of AI applications as shown in Table 2 .

Although there has been extensive research on the utilisation of AI in medical education the perceptions of medical professionals, and their dilemmas regarding its integration into their daily practice remains relatively underexplored. This research is focused on the perception of medical students about the use of Artificial Intelligence in medicine and its ethical aspects, which reflects their confusions and concerns regarding the situation.

The mean age of the medical students studied was around 21 years and the majority of students were females. Most participants in our study (53.3%) agreed that AI could not replace the presence of a physician but could help them in their work. This is in accordance with the 2021 study conducted by Bisdas S et al. on medical students from 63 countries that AI could work as a “partner” rather than as a “competitor” in their medical practice. A third of our participants (37.6%) felt that the use of AI would reduce the need for physicians and would result in a loss of job opportunities for them. This is a different finding than the study published by D Pinto Dos Santos in European Radiology in 2019 where a majority of participants (83%) felt that human radiologists would not be replaced by robots or computers [ 23 ]. In fact, there are many studies which argue that rather than physicians becoming redundant because of AI, they would change their practice and become “managers” rather than “custodians of information” [ 24 , 25 ].

More than half the respondents in our study (53.3%) agreed that they would become better physicians with the widespread use of AI applications. This is in concurrence with a recently published Western Australian study among medical students which showed about 75% of the participants agreeing that AI would improve their practice [ 26 ]. Respondents from other studies felt that currently available AI systems would actually complement physicians’ decision-making skills by synthesising large amounts of medical literature in order to produce the most up-to-date medical protocols and evidence [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. Similarly, studies show that AI systems actually work by complementing the practice of medicine, rather than competing with human minds. After all, human minds have designed artificial intelligence. Furthermore, the study by Paranjape et al. comments that physicians will be able to focus on providing patients with the humanistic care considering the biopsychosocial model of disease as the technicalities can be handled by the AI supported technologies to a greater extent [ 28 ].

A third of the participants (35.1%) in our research stated that their choice of specialisation would be influenced by how AI was used in that field. Much has been written about how AI might replace specialists in the fields of radiology and pathology as perceived by medical doctors and students. These are specialisations that use computers and digital algorithms more when compared to other medical specialties. A Canadian study published in 2019 by Bo Gong et al. found that 67% of the respondents felt that AI would “reduce the demand” for radiologists. Many of the medical students interviewed in this study said that the anxiety they felt about being “displaced” by AI technologies in radiology would discourage them from considering the field for specialisation [ 14 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. In fact, a paper published by Yurdasik et al. in 2021 had respondents encouraging practitioners to move away from specialisations that used AI [ 34 ]. However, there were other studies that reported results encouraging radiologists to get exposed to AI technologies so as to lower the rates of “imaging related medical errors” and “lessening time spent in reading films,” resulting in more time spent with patients. German medical students have shown a positive attitude towards AI and have reported “not being afraid of being replaced by AI” should they choose radiology as their specialisation [ 23 ]. Attitude towards the choice of specialisation being influenced by AI depended on where the person was viewing the problem from- as a student or as a specialist and also from the degree of familiarity they had with AI applications.

The majority of the students (91.4%) stated that they had not received any training on AI in medicine. The American Medical Association meeting of 2018 on Augmented Intelligence advocated for the training of physicians so that they could understand algorithms and work effectively with AI systems to make the best clinical care decisions for their patients [ 35 ]. Despite this, Paranjape et al. reported that training on the backend of electronic health record systems like, the quality of the data obtained, impact of computer use in front of patients, patient physician relationships etc. have not been addressed through medical education. If used with adequate training and understanding, AI will free up physicians’ time/ optimise a physician’s work hours, so that they can care and communicate with patients in the free time thus obtained. The findings of the research published by Jha et al. in the year 2022 agrees with this observation regarding inadequate coverage of AI and machine learning in medical curricula [ 36 ]. This deficiency leaves medical students underprepared to navigate the integration of AI technologies into their future practice. A significant percentage (37.6%) of respondents expressed concerns about job displacements due to AI, echoing sentiments observed in previous research. The concerns on AI induced loss of jobs particularly in fields like radiology and pathology, accentuate the importance of addressing misconceptions and fostering a meticulous understanding of AI’s role in healthcare. Jha et al’s study also highlights the importance of integrating soft skills, such as compassion and empathy, alongside AI education. Medical students must be equipped not only with technical AI competencies but also with the interpersonal skills necessary for holistic patient care. Collaborative efforts are needed to develop curricula that balance AI education with the cultivation of humanistic values, ensuring that future healthcare professionals can effectively navigate the intersection of technology and patient-centred care.

A major proportion of students in the study conducted by Sharma et al. demonstrated only a limited understanding of AI’s applications in medicine, primarily attributed to a lack of formal education, awareness, and interest. Interestingly, while a substantial portion (26.3%) of respondents demonstrated familiarity with AI, the majority (53.6%) exhibited only a superficial understanding of its applications in medicine [ 37 ]. This gap in knowledge highlights the need for enhanced educational initiatives to provide comprehensive insights into the potential of AI in healthcare delivery and patient outcomes. Concerns about the overreliance (49.2%) on AI and perceived lack of empathy (43.7%) were highlighted by a considerable proportion of students. These concerns underscore the importance of fostering a balanced approach to AI adoption in medical practice and education, ensuring that students are equipped to navigate the ethical challenges associated with AI integration.

Medical curriculum does not address mathematical concepts (to understand algorithms), the fundamentals of AI like data science, or the ethical and legal issues that can come up with the use of AI [ 27 ]. Only 26.8% of participants felt partially or completely competent to give information on AI to patients. Unless physicians have a foundational understanding of AI, or the methods to critically appraise AI, they will be at a loss when called to train medical students on the use of AI tools that assist in medical decision making. Consequently, medical students will be deficient in AI skills. Liaw et al. advocate for Quintuple Competencies for the use of AI in primary health care, one of which is the need to understand how to communicate with patients regarding the why and how of the use of AI tools, privacy and confidentiality questions that patients may raise during patient physician interactions, and understand the emotional, trust or patient satisfaction issues that may arise because of use of AI in health care [ 38 ].

More than half of the participants (51.1%) are unsure of being able to protect professional confidentiality of patients during the use of AI technologies. Direct providers of health care need to be aware of what precautions to take when sharing data with third parties who are not the direct care providers to the patients [ 16 ]. Artificial intelligence algorithms are derived from large data sets from human participants, and they may use data differently at different points in time. In such cases, patients can lose control of information they had consented to share especially where the impact on their privacy have not been adequately addressed [ 39 ]. However much regulations might be made to protect patient confidentiality and privacy of data, they might always fall behind AI advances, which means the human brain has to work consistently to remain ahead of the artificial intelligence it created. Guidelines set forth by reputable organisations such as the European Union’s “Guidelines for Trustworthy AI“ [ 40 ] and the World Health Organization’s “Ethics and Governance of Artificial Intelligence for Health” address critical ethical concerns in AI [ 41 ]. These core principles can be integrated into medical education to cultivate ethical awareness among medical students.

The perceptions of medical students on the possible influences of AI in medicine were evaluated through the questionnaire. The highest agreement was found on the question, whether they thought the use of AI ‘reduces error in medical practice’ (72.3%) while the lowest agreement was on the question AI ‘devalues the medical profession’ (40.3%).Students were mostly in favour of the use of AI in medicine because they felt that it would enable them as physicians to make more accurate decisions (72%) and facilitate patients’ access to healthcare (60.9%). Research by Topol et al. and Sharique et al. have shown that AI technologies can help reduce medical errors by improving data flow patterns and improving diagnostic accuracy [ 39 , 42 ]. The study from Western Australian students mentioned above [ 26 ] showed 74.4% of the participants agreeing that the use of AI would improve practice of medicine in general. It is encouraging to find that medical students in this research showed low agreement when asked if AI would devalue the medical profession and agreed that the use of AI would reduce medical errors caused inadvertently. It should also be noted that some research has shown that the inappropriate use of AI itself can introduce errors in medical practice [ 43 ].

On “disadvantages and risks of AI in medicine”, 69.2% of the students agreed that AI would reduce the humanistic aspect of the medical profession, 54.5% agreed that it can negatively affect the patient-physician relationship, 52.9% were concerned that using AI assisted applications could damage the trust patients placed on physicians, 59.4% agreed that AI would facilitate patient education, and 50.5% agreed that AI would allow the patient to increase their control over their own health. Hadithy et al. (2023) found that students believed AI technology was advantageous for improving overall health by personalising health care through analysing patient information [ 44 ].

Medical education in the 21st century is swiftly transitioning from the conventional approach of observing patients objectively from a distance and holding the belief that compassion is an innate skill to a contemporary paradigm. The new model emphasises the development of competencies such as doctor-patient relationships, communication skills, and professionalism. In modern medicine, AI is being viewed as an additional barrier between a patient and his physician. Machines have many advantages over humans as rightly observed by Wartman especially in view of not being affected by many of the human frailties like fatigue, information overload, inability to retain material beyond a limit etc. [ 24 ]. Scepticism over the use of AI in medical practice often stems from the lack of knowledge in this domain. Medical students, in many studies, opined that classes on artificial intelligence need to be included in syllabus, but only very few medical schools have included these in their medical curricula. Practising with compassion and empathy must be a learnt and cultivated skill along with artificial intelligence. The two should go together, taught in tandem throughout the medical course. Studies such as this have highlighted that students are open to being taught but are deficient in the skills and knowledge. There is a gap here that needs to be addressed. Man, and machine have to work as partners so as to improve the health of the people.

Limitations

Though this research was one of the first conducted in the state of Kerala and covered about 65% of medical students of the institution, which is more than other similar surveys conducted, there are a few limitations that have been identified. As an online survey method using Google Forms was implied for data collection, the voluntary nature of the participation from only those who were interested, might have introduced a self-selection bias and a non-response bias in this research. As this study only includes the responses from the medical students of one institution, it might not have captured a wide variety of responses. Hence the generalizability of the study may be limited. The questionnaire did not delve deep into how AI terms are understood, or how proficient students were with AI and so might have missed more relevant AI terms and concepts that students might be unfamiliar with. Most data collected in this study were quantitative so we might not have captured the depth of the students’ understanding or perceptions about AI. As many of the students had no exposure to computer science or had not attended AI classes, their perceptions might have been influenced by lack of exposure. Thus, the study might not have captured the views of those who had a more informed background on the subject.

Future studies are recommended to replicate and validate the findings in larger and more diverse populations to understand regional variations in knowledge, attitude, and perceptions among medical students. This study tool (questionnaire) was adopted from a parent study by Civaner M M [ 10 ], but the last question on the need for any other topic to be included was not met with enthusiasm.

This exploration into the perceptions of medical students regarding the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into medical education reveals a nuanced landscape. The majority of participants in this study recognize the collaborative potential of AI, viewing it not as a replacement for physicians but as a valuable ally in healthcare. Interestingly, concerns on job displacement coexist with the optimism about improved decision-making and enhanced medical practice. The knowledge deficit in this context can extend an incompetence in communicating AI related information to patients, highlighting the urgent need for a holistic approach to medical education. The findings complement the perceived need of a proactive approach in preparing medical students for a future where AI plays a pivotal role in healthcare, ensuring that they not only embrace technological advancements but also uphold the humanistic values inherent to the practice of medicine.

Data availability

Data is provided as supplementary information files.

Abbreviations

Artificial Intelligence

Indian Institute of Technology

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Acknowledgements

Dr. Civaner and team - for providing us with the questionnaire that we used for this research and being available to answer any questions we had.Dr. Rosin George Varghese and Dr. Joe Abraham- for reviewing the protocol of the research and suggesting corrections. Dr. Felix Johns- the Head of the department of Community Medicine for his support during the project.

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Preetha Jackson, Gayathri Ponath Sukumaran, Chikku Babu, M. Christa Tony, Deen Stephano Jack, V. R. Reshma, Dency Davis, Nisha Kurian & Anjum John

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P.J. - Design, acquisition, analysis, interpretation of data, drafting of the work and revisions.G.P.S.- Acquisition, analysis, interpretation of data, substantially revising the work.D.D- Acquisition, interpretation of data, substantially revising the work. C.B., C.T.M, & D.S.J.- acquisition, and reading through manuscript during final revision.R.V.R- Analysis, Interpretation of data, reading through manuscript and substantial revisions.N.K- Substantially revising the work.A.J- Conception, design, acquisition, drafting of the work and substantially contributing to revisions. All authors reviewed the final manuscript.

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Jackson, P., Ponath Sukumaran, G., Babu, C. et al. Artificial intelligence in medical education - perception among medical students . BMC Med Educ 24 , 804 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-024-05760-0

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Servicing Development: Productive Upgrading of Labor-Absorbing Services in Developing Economies

Manufacturing generates very little employment in the developing world. Urban jobs are predominantly informal, unproductive, and in services. It seems unlikely that manufacturing will be able to absorb the new increments to the labor force or create more productive jobs for those that are already stuck in petty services. Raising productivity in services has been traditionally difficult, but is now necessary to achieve long-term growth in the standard of living. We discuss and provide evidence for four broad strategies: (a) incentivizing large, productive firms to expand their employment; (b) enhancing productive capabilities of smaller firms through the provision of public inputs; (c) providing workers or firms technologies that explicitly complement low-skill labor; (d) vocational training with “wrap-around” services to enhance job seekers’ employability, job retention, and eventual promotion.

We are grateful to the Hewlett Foundation for support to the Reimagining the Economy project, and to Natasha Khwaja and Samira Mathur for research assistance. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research.

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