virgin coconut oil business plan

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Virgin Coconut Oil production manual for micro-and village-scale processing

Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) has been part of peoples’ diet and livelihoods in the tropical countries of Asia, the Pacific, South and Central America and Africa for thousands of years. In these areas, native meals are cooked with either coconut milk or coconut oil. In the Cook Islands in the South Pacific, particularly Rarotonga Island, slices of fresh, mature coconut kernel are served with fruits every a�er meal. In India, the use of coconut for food and its applications in the Ayurvedic medicine, were documented in Sanskrit 4000 years ago (Kabara, 2000). Records show that in the United States, coconut oil was one of the major sources of dietary fats, aside from dairy and animal fats, prior to the advent of the American edible oil (soybean and corn) industry in the mid 1940s (Dayrit, 2005). The long history of usage and the diverse studies done to characterise and define the composition of the various components of the coconut tree, its fruit and the related products derived from it, established the coconut’s uniqueness and superiority among agricultural crops. Every part of the coconut tree and its fruit can be either consumed by humans or animals or converted into other valuable products. If properly utilised, the coconut has the highest economic value among the palm family. This is why the coconut is normally referred to as the Tree of Life, Man’s Most Useful Tree, King of the Tropical Flora, Tree of Abundance. Desiccated coconut, coconut milk/cream in liquid and powder form, and coconut oil are the most popular edible commercial products derived from fresh coconut meat (kernel). The meat is very nutritious as it contains dietary fat, dietary fibre, protein, carbohydrates, microminerals such as potassium and phosphorus, and vitamins such as niacin and riboflavin. See Tables 1 to 5 in Annex 1 for the composition and nutritional values of coconut meat, desiccated coconut and coconut milk. Coconut water, which is the liquid inside the coconut fruit, has also been shown to contain microminerals and nutrients which are essential to human health. Because of health benefits and special flavour of young coconut water, domestic sales and export of young coconuts are major income-generating activities for coconut farmers and traders in Thailand. See Tables 6 to 9 in Annex 1 for the composition of coconut water at various stages of maturity, and the electrolyte composition that is a first-rate oral rehydration agent for diarrhea patients (Anzaldo et al 1985). The newest high value coconut product, which is becoming a by-word in coconut producing countries, the United States and other developed countries, is Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO). The growing demand for VCO can be a�ributed to the increasing number of published books, literature, results of medical research, anecdotal reports and internet information extolling the beneficial effects of coconut oil on the human Micro- and village-scale processing 11 body. Most people generally believe that the demand for VCO as a functional food was generated by the publication of the book, The Healing Miracles of Coconut Oil — later revised and updated as The Coconut Oil Miracles. Wri�en by American certified nutritionist and naturopathic doctor, Bruce Fife, the book discusses in layman’s terms, the results of medical research and anecdotal reports on the health benefits obtained from coconut oil. Dr Fife also stated, “Coconut oil is the healthiest oil on earth”. Dr Fife has since wri�en Eat Fat, Look Thin and Coconut Cures. Another book, Rx Coconut (Perfect Health Nut), was wri�en by Dr Vermen Verallo Rowell, Chief Dermatologist, Makati Medical Center in Metro Manila, Philippines and founder of VMV hypoallergenics line of cosmetics. The latest book on VCO, The Truth About Coconut Oil (The Drugstore in a Bo�le), by Dr Conrado Dayrit, Professor Emeritus of the Department of Pharmacology, University of the Philippines College of Medicine, who at 86 yrs old, is Director of Victor Potenciano Medical Center in Metro Manila, Philippines and a practicing cardiologist. These latest books are expected to finally persuade unconvinced doctors and consumers to look at the health benefits that can be derived from coconut oil. The fast developing niche and high value markets for VCO as a food supplement, as a body moisturiser and carrier oil for aromatherapy, as a hair conditioner and as other applications, is generating a great deal of interest among coconut farmers and landowners, businessmen and entrepreneurs. The a�raction is in the different processes for producing VCO with the goal being a possible source for improving livelihoods and incomes. This manual provides basic information on VCO and small-scale VCO processing technologies for trainers, potential processors, businessmen and anyone interested in producing VCO for home consumption or in micro- and small-scale enterprises. For purposes of clarification and discussion, the terms micro-scale and village-scale coconut processing enterprises will have the following meaning as defined by Bawalan (2003). Micro-scale enterprises include all those with coconut processing capacities below 1,000 nuts per day. Process operation is either completely manual or semi-mechanised, normally using not more than three simple, single-phase motorised machines. In the Philippines, micro-scale enterprises, which also include co�age level operations, normally produce coconut food products. Capitalisation normally ranges from Php50,000 to Php 500,000 (approximately USD1,000 to USD10,000). Village-scale enterprises include all those with coconut processing capacities of 1,000 to 5,000 nuts per day. Process operation is semi-mechanised and uses a combination of single- Virgin coconut oil: production manual for micro- and village-scale production 12 Figure 1. Virgin coconut oil phase and three-phase motorised machines. Capitalisation normally ranges from Php 500,000 to Php 5,000,000 (approximately USD10,000 to USD100,000)

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The manual is intended as a primary source of practical knowledge on good management practices (GMP). It will assist Asian Paciﬁc Coconut Community (APCC) member country farmers and their families, entrepreneurs, processors, researchers, extension agents and technicians with the practical information on VCO and related products in this manual.

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International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT)

IJERT Journal

https://www.ijert.org/an-assessment-of-farm-level-virgin-coconut-oil-production-in-caraga-region-philippines https://www.ijert.org/an-assessment-of-farm-level-virgin-coconut-oil-production-in-caraga-region-philippines Virgin coconut oil (VCO) is one of the non-traditional and high-value coconut products emerging nowadays. Its importance, both in the local and foreign market, is mainly due to its numerous health benefits. Studies have shown that it has antimicrobial and antiviral capacities as well as dermatologic and cosmetic uses. In the Philippines, VCO production is very popular in the farm level. Engaging in the production of high-value coconut products among coconut farmers and cooperatives provides increased rural employment and income, hence, enhancing the productivity and competitiveness of the coconut industry. However, there are several issues and concerns confronting the farm-level VCO producers that affect their productivity as well as product quality. In this study, an assessment is conducted on the existing practices of VCO producers in the farm level in CARAGA region. Ocular inspections, personal interviews and survey method are employed in the study. All of the coconut cooperatives engaged in VCO production under study are utilizing hydraulic jack presser in their extraction of coconut milk. In fact, a number are using the mechanical screw-type pressing. These existing methods of extraction practice have contributed to the low productivity and poor quality of the product. None of the VCO producers under study have accreditation with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Findings of this assessment study are valuable inputs in coming up with an innovative pressing device to sustain and enhance the productivity of VCO industry in the farm level.

Foods and Raw Materials

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In tropical regions coconut is the tree of great significance: it provides millions of people with food, employment, and business opportunities. The fruit is referred to as ‘miracle fruit’ due to its inherent rich profile of macro- and micro-nutrients for human nutrition and health. Different products, such as coconut water, milk, raw kernels, oil and desiccated coconut are commercially processed. Coconut flour is a byproduct of coconut milk and oil industry which is made from coconut meal leftover after processing. Being a rich source of dietary fibre and protein, it has found numerous applications in different functional foods. Coconut flour can be successfully incorporated into various food products, such as bakery, extruded products, snacks, and sweets. It has antidiabetic and anticancer effects, prevents cardiovascular diseases, and improves immune function. Coconut flour is also gluten-free and its nutritional composition is quite comparable to that of wheat flour. Gluten-free...

Observatorio de la Economía Latinoamericana

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Coconut water (Cocos nucifera L.) is an undiluted, non-fermented beverage obtained from the liquid part of the coconut fruit. It is a versatile product in the industry and has been growing economically due to its functional character. The objective is to identify in the scientific literature different aspects of coconut water production and its nutritional characteristics applied to health. A narrative review of the literature was carried out, using the databases Scielo, Scopus, Repositório Alice da EMBRAPA, Periódicos CAPES and Google academic, applying the descriptors, coconut water, nutrition, composition, health, health benefits, economy, pasteurization, ultrapressure, ultrasound, ozone and their respective names in English, considering the Boolean operators “OR” and “AND”. Titles and abstracts were screened, considering the eligibility criteria: full text available in English and/or Portuguese; paid and/or free access; dissertations and theses, narrative, systematic review, obs...

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The main purpose of the study is to assess the coconut production in the six municipalities of the Province of Surigao del Sur, Philippines as basis in establishing a coconut oil mill that might alleviate income of the coconut farmers in the area as their ready market. Descriptive Survey methods was used in the study, questionnaire was the main tool used for gathering the data. The respondents were three hundred eighty two coconut farmers. Results shows that in coconut farming the knowledge in production by the respondent was inherited to their ancestors. Fertilization under brushing was very extremely implemented. Pest and diseases control the cultural method was used. Harvesting cycle from 90 days period or quarterly using climbing method. Copra drying method smoked or " tapahan " was used. Training and seminar related to coconut production is needed to improved and attain the high quality as needed for the coconut oil mill.

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