collocation presentation

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Collocations with presentation

These are words often used in combination with presentation .

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Presentation for collocation

We were students in Year II in 2017 at Western University. We prepared this for our assignment, but it also a source for English learners who research about Collocation. And it is summarized and separated to eryone easy to learn. Read less

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• 1. សាខាកំពង់ចាម Subject: Core English Lecturer: Tum Sisophìreth
• 2. Prepared by • Lim Thearath  Aon Sokhhea • Eth Seyneth  Pet Vichet • Men Meta  Meun Pheakdey • Meas Soklim  Vann Kimhean • Phal Somavotey  Sung Sek
• 3. Topic Collocation
• 4. What is Collocation?  Collocation is a way in which some words are often used together by native speakers of a language, and sound natural together. Example: I missed the bus. A heavy smoker. Or we often say heavy rain, or light rain, instead of strong rain or mild rain, heavy goes well with rain, whereas strong does not.
• 5. typical collocations incorrect/untypical collocations heavy rain thick rain high temperature tall temperature discharged from hospital released from hospital have an experience do/make an experience Example: She was discharged from hospital. Not: She was released from hospital. other combinations may be unnatural and just sound "wrong" natural English... unnatural English... the fast train fast food the quick train quick food a quick shower a quick meal a fast shower a fast meal
• 7. Why do we learn collocations?  Our language will be more natural and more easily understood.  You will have alternative and richer ways of expressing yourself.  It is easier for our brains to remember and use language in chunks or blocks rather than as single words.
• 8. How to learn collocations  Be aware of collocations, and try to recognize  Treat collocations as single blocks of language.  When you learn a new word, write down other words that collocate with it  Read as much as possible.  Revise what you learn regularly. Practise using new collocations in context as soon as possible after learning them.  Learn collocations in groups that work for you.  You can find information on collocations in any good learner's dictionary.
• 9. Unit 1. adverb + adjective 2. adjective + noun 3. noun + noun 4. noun + verb 5. verb + noun 6. verb + expression with preposition 7. verb + adverb
• 10. 1. Adverbs that Collocate with Adjectives Adverb + Adjective For example,  there are a number of intensifying adverbs that can be used instead of very or extremely with adjectives, such as: • highly controversial (= very controversial) - highly = adverb & controversial = adjective • deeply offended (= very offended) • bitterly disappointed (= very disappointment) Sample:  1. adverb + adjective • Invading that country was an utterly stupid thing to do. • We entered a richly decorated room. • Are you fully aware of the implications of your action?
• 12. 2. Adjectives that Collocate with Nouns Adjective + Noun When you want to describe a noun, there is often a range of adjectives you can use. o adjective + noun: excruciating pain (NOT excruciating joy) • The doctor ordered him to take regular exercise. • The Titanic sank on its maiden voyage. • Dara always wears blue or white or some other bright color.
• 14. 3. noun + noun • . noun + noun: a surge of anger (NOT a rush of anger) Example: • Let's give Mr Jones a round of applause. • The ceasefire agreement came into effect at 11am. • I'd like to buy two bars of soap please.
• 15. Noun Noun Collocations/Compound Car Park car park post Office post office narrow minded Narrow minded Shoe laces shoelaces Tea Pot teapot There are a lot of collocation with pattern a ... of  a surge of anger  a sense of pride  a pang of nostalgia
• 16.  noun + verb: lions roar (NOT lions shout) • The lion started to roar when it heard the dog barking. • Snow was falling as our plane took off. • The bomb went off when he started the car engine. 4. noun + verb
• 17. 5. Verbs that Collocate with Nouns Verb + Noun • When we use a noun in a sentence, you need to know which verbs go well with it. For example: • Instead of saying do a bath; you say take a bath • Instead of do an effort; you say make an effort • Instead of do a crime; you say commit a crime • Instead of say a joke, you say tell a joke, make a joke, or crack a joke
• 19. 6. verb + expression with preposition o Some verbs collocate with particular preposition expression o verb + expression with preposition: burst into tears (NOT blow up in tears) • At first her eyes filled with horror, and then she burst into tears. (Suddenly started crying) • We had to return home because we had run out of money. • Their behaviour was enough to drive anybody to crime.
• 20. 7. verb + adverb o Verb + Adverb: wave frantically (NOT wave feverishly) Example: • She placed her keys gently on the table and sat down. • Mary whispered softly in John's ear. • He smiled proudly as he looked at the photos of his new granddaughter.
• 24. strong coffee => powerful coffee’

Collocations

Jan 02, 2020

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Collocations. Definitions. Collocation in general is a combination of certain lexical items occur together. Its definition varied from one author to another although they present the same idea.

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• collocations
• weak collocations
• preposition noun noun
• identical arabic equivalent easily

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Definitions • Collocation in general is a combination of certain lexical items occur together. • Its definition varied from one author to another although they present the same idea.

.. 1- According to Prodromuo collocations are either fixed or more flexible, and the result of many years of habitual use by fluent speakers of the language. 2-According to Newmark a collocation is two or morelexical items co-occur habitually. • 3- Ghazal: "It is a combination of two or more words that always occur together consistently in different texts and contexts in language". • For example: blind confidence ثقة عمياء

4- McCarthy describes collocations as marriage relationship between certain words.

Some Features and Classification of Collocations

Some Features and Classification of Collocations • 1- Collocations are frequent co-occurrences of items between which no word can be added. For example, in knife and fork it is not usual to add a word to this collocation like, knife, spoon and fork. • 2-Cannot be replaced by a synonym or word • of similar meaning. For example, John makes a cake; but not John makes a pancake.

Some Features and Classification of Collocations • 3- The order of a collocation is more or less fixed, for example, bread and butter not *butter and bread.

Types of collocations

Types of collocation • There are several different types of collocation made from combinations of verb, noun, adjective etc.

Types of collocation • Some of the most common types in English are: • *Adverb + Adjective: completely satisfied (NOT downright satisfied)*Adjective + Noun: idle talk*Noun + Noun: a surge of anger (NOT a rush of anger)*Noun + Verb: lions roar (NOT lions shout)*Verb + Noun: commit suicide (NOT undertake suicide)*Verb + Expression With Preposition: burst into tears (NOT blow up in tears)*Verb + Adverb: wave frantically (NOT wave feverishly)

Types of collocation • Types of Collocations Based on Their co-occurrence: • 1-Unique collocations:They are fixed and cannot be replaced by any other words, such as to "foot the bill" يسدد الفاتورة but to "foot the invoice" is obviously wrong although they are the same equivalent of فاتورة. • 2-Strong collocations: these collocations are very strong but not unique. They usually have few other collocates, for example, moved to tears or reduced to tears "إلى حد البكاء".

Types of collocation • 3-Weak collocations: They refer to a number of word co-occurrences that can be easily guessed, e.g. white shirt, a blue shirt, a small shirt, a long shirt, etc. • 4-Medium-strength collocations: These collocations can sometimes be weak collocations such as to hold a conversation and to make a mistake. Learners already know each individual word like to hold and a conversation, but they are unable to use the words together as a collocation.

Types of collocation • Types Based on Their Grammatical Structures: • 1- Adjective + noun • This type of collocations are the most common type in which one can find an identical Arabic equivalent easily such as:

Types of collocation • Collocations of same type but do not have the same equivalent in Arabic Problem: Finding the proper Arabic equivalent collocation. Solution: Exerting some effort and searching in monolingual and bilingual dictionaries, Islamic books, classic poetry and literature etc. or bringing the most correct suitable Arabic translation .

According to Atallah the translator should find the right suitable equivalent instead of giving the literal meaning such as translating "good reason" as "سبب وجيه" not as "سبب جيد" (2014).

2-Verb + noun • Commonly used in both languages:

Problems: finding the suitable verb equivalent in Arabic • Solution: translating verbs literally. For example

Types of collocation 3-.a- noun + noun Easy to be found in Arabic , For example

Types of collocation Some collocations have two grammatical structure in Arabic which are either noun + noun or noun + adjective, such as: Nerve cell:

Problem: finding the suitable equivalent in Arabic, especially for difficult ones such as " brain drain" and "attorney general", in which the translator cannot predict the meaning immediately. • Solution: avoidingliteral translation which will lead to have wrong Arabic equivalent

Types of collocation • 3-b- Noun + noun (the of genitive)

Types of collocation • Problem:Some words have difficult equivalents in Arabic such as "a sigh of relief" "تنفس الصعداء " and not "تنهد الراحة" ; "بزوغ الفجر" not"كسر الفجر” • Solution: If it is hard to find the proper Arabic equivalent the translator can translate into meaning only such as translating "the throes of death" into "سكرات الموت/ الغرغرة / الاحتضار" .

Types of collocation • 4-Adjective+ adjective • Unpredictable: They can have different grammatical structure in Arabic such as: • a- preposition+ noun+ noun:

Types of collocation • b- noun+ verb:

Types of collocation • 5- Noun +verb • About the names of sounds • easy to be translated into Arabic although the Arabic grammatical structure will be "noun+ noun. For example:

Types of collocation • Problem: The ability to recognize the sound of animals , insect or things in Arabic. • Solution: the translator has no other solution than to know the name of sounds in the target language.

Supervised by: Professor Abdulhadi Tamim • Name:Ghadah Mohammed AbuBakr • Master:Translation • Level: 3 • Section: A

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