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Extrapulmonary tuberculosis: a case report involving the spine and soft tissues

Affiliations.

  • 1 University of Kentucky College of Medicine, 800 Rose Street MN 150, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
  • 2 Division of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, 800 Rose Street HX-315D, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
  • PMID: 34178198
  • PMCID: PMC8213895
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2021.05.049

Tuberculosis (TB) is a major health concern worldwide, and its incidence is increasing in developed countries, especially among immigrant populations. Extrapulmonary TB with musculoskeletal involvement is often a difficult and delayed diagnosis, as the disease can mimic metastases or infection. We present a case of extrapulmonary TB affecting the spine and soft tissues of a Vietnamese-born patient living in the United States. We discuss the imaging findings associated with extrapulmonary TB of the spine. Familiarity with key imaging features of disease can lead to early suspicion and detection of the disease as well as timely treatment.

Keywords: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis; Musculoskeletal tuberculosis; Pott's disease; Spinal tuberculosis; Tuberculosis.

© 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington.

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Axial post contrast CT image…

Axial post contrast CT image through the cervical spine at the C3 level…

Sagittal T2 fat saturated image…

Sagittal T2 fat saturated image (Fig. 2A) demonstrates a large prevertebral mass with…

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Infectious Diseases: A Case Study Approach

34:  Tuberculosis

David Cluck

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Disclaimer: These citations have been automatically generated based on the information we have and it may not be 100% accurate. Please consult the latest official manual style if you have any questions regarding the format accuracy.

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Patient presentation.

  • Full Chapter
  • Supplementary Content

Chief Complaint

“I have a cough that won’t go away.”

History of Present Illness

A 63-year-old male presents to the emergency department with complaints of cough/shortness of breath which he attributes to a “nagging cold.” He states he fears this may be something worse after experiencing hemoptysis for the past 3 days. He also admits to waking up in the middle of the night “drenched in sweat” for the past few weeks. When asked, the patient denies ever having a positive PPD and was last screened “several years ago.” His chart indicates he was in the emergency department last week with similar symptoms and was diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia and discharged with azithromycin.

Past Medical History

Hypertension, dyslipidemia, COPD, atrial fibrillation, generalized anxiety disorder

Surgical History

Appendectomy at age 18

Family History

Father passed away from a myocardial infarction 4 years ago; mother had type 2 DM and passed away from a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm

Social History

Retired geologist recently moved from India to live with his son who is currently in medical school in upstate New York. Smoked ½ ppd × 40 years and drinks 6 to 8 beers per day, recently admits to drinking ½ pint of vodka “every few days” since the passing of his wife 6 months ago.

Sulfa (hives); penicillin (nausea/vomiting); shellfish (itching)

Home Medications

Albuterol metered-dose-inhaler 2 puffs q4h PRN shortness of breath

Aspirin 81 mg PO daily

Atorvastatin 40 mg PO daily

Budesonide/formoterol 160 mcg/4.5 mcg 2 inhalations BID

Clonazepam 0.5 mg PO three times daily PRN anxiety

Lisinopril 20 mg PO daily

Metoprolol succinate 100 mg PO daily

Tiotropium 2 inhalations once daily

Venlafaxine 150 mg PO daily

Warfarin 7.5 mg PO daily

Physical Examination

Vital signs.

Temp 100.8°F, P 96, RR 24 breaths per minute, BP 150/84 mm Hg, pO 2 92%, Ht 5′10″, Wt 56.4 kg

Slightly disheveled male in mild-to-moderate distress

Normocephalic, atraumatic, PERRLA, EOMI, pale/dry mucous membranes and conjunctiva, poor dentition

Bronchial breath sounds in RUL

Cardiovascular

NSR, no m/r/g

Soft, non-distended, non-tender, (+) bowel sounds

Genitourinary

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IMAGES

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    This case study examines a 26-year-old female patient diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis. The patient presented with complaints of cough, dizziness, and shortness of breath. Her medical history and current symptoms are reviewed.

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  9. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis: a case report involving the ...

    Extrapulmonary TB with musculoskeletal involvement is often a difficult and delayed diagnosis, as the disease can mimic metastases or infection. We present a case of extrapulmonary TB affecting the spine and soft tissues of a Vietnamese-born patient living in the United States.

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