phd part time engineering

Part-time PhD Programs

Tufts School of Engineering’s part-time PhD Program helps working professionals achieve their education and career goals. Conduct cutting-edge research and develop new technologies with our world-class faculty, all while maintaining your employment in industry.

Our part-time PhD program is tailored for industry professionals who receive full financial support from their employers. Financial arrangements between the employee and employer must be agreed upon in advance. Tufts University does not offer stipends, scholarships, discounts, or financial support for this program. Part-time PhD students are not eligible for TA/RA positions, grading roles, or any other paid positions within the university. We strongly advise applicants to seek employer permission before considering external work. It's essential to adhere to employment agreements and program policies to ensure compliance.

Qualified domestic students who are interested in continued learning, developing their skill set, or expanding their career path are encouraged to apply. This program is not available to international applicants unless they are currently working for a U.S. company. No visas can be issued for part-time PhD students.

How to Apply

All applicants must submit the following materials: Contact an advisor or faculty member Contact the advisor or faculty member with whom you would like to study to talk about the specific requirements. Before applying you must first have a discussion with a faculty member to confirm that there is mutual interest in the research the applicant intends to pursue. A successful discussion and any agreement among the candidate and faculty member does not supersede the formal application process. All applicants must formally apply. The application will be reviewed following all the processes and guidelines established for SOE graduate applicants.

Online Application for Admission  Note: An application fee of $85 is payable through the online application by credit card or e-check (drawn on a U.S. bank). The application fee is not refundable. Your credit card or e-check statement is your receipt. Applications cannot be reviewed until this fee has been received. Check our website to see if you are eligible for a fee waiver. Start or resume your application here .

Academic Records  Applicants are required to upload a copy of transcripts received from each accredited college or university attended, where credit was earned toward an undergraduate, graduate, or professional degree. Transcripts for study abroad or transfer programs are not required if the course titles, grades, and credit hours are included on the transcript of the degree-granting institution. If the transcript is in a language other than English, you are required to provide a certified, official translation into English. If you are admitted and decide to enroll, you will be required to request the official hard copy transcripts from all of your degree granting institutions be sent directly to our Office of Graduate Admissions, from that institution, before you can matriculate. 

Graduate Record Examination (GRE) GRE scores are no longer required for candidates with an undergraduate or graduate degree from an accredited U.S. institution. Letters of Recommendation Most programs will require three letters of recommendation. Current Tufts students and alumni are only required to submit two letters. If an applicant submits three letters, one letter may be a commitment letter from your company that your studies will be supported. Letters of recommendation should be submitted through the online application system. If that is not possible, you may have your recommender email their letter as an attachment to [email protected], from a company/institutional/organization/professional email account. Personal Statement  Applicants are required to upload a personal statement describing your reasons for wanting to pursue graduate study at Tufts in the program to which you are applying. Please limit your personal statement to a maximum of five pages. Refer to the Requirements and Deadlines  to determine if the program to which you are applying has specific prompts.  Résumé / CV A current résumé or CV that includes information about, and dates of your educational history, employment, academic honors, scholarships, publications, and other activities is required to be uploaded as part of your completed application.

> Spring applications need to be completed and submitted by September 15th .

> Fall applications need to be completed and submitted by December 15th .

Some exceptions may be made by the faculty member you will be working with.

Tuition and Fees

Students who enroll part-time in an engineering PhD program will be responsible for all tuition and fees charged at a per semester rate. No scholarships, financial aid, or stipends are available for these programs. Please visit  https://asegrad.tufts.edu/tuition-aid/tuition-and-fees  for more details.

Financial Aid and Employer Tuition Reimbursement

Low-interest Federal Direct Loans and Federal Perkins Loans are administered by Tufts Student Financial Services which maintains information on all federal programs as well as alternative forms of financing such as non-need-based loans. Federal aid is available for U.S. citizens and permanent residents only. To apply for Federal Direct loans, complete the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). The form is available online at www.fafsa.ed.gov, and the Tufts University Institution code is 002219. We recommend that you file the FAFSA by December 1 for spring admission and by March 1 for fall admission.

Tuition reimbursement/Tuition assistance is an employee benefit through which an employer pays for a predetermined amount of continuing education credits or college coursework to be applied toward a degree. These programs are intended for employees looking to advance their careers and educational goals by increasing their industry knowledge and developing advanced skills.

PhD Programs

Faculty Members

Below you will find faculty members who are eager to receive part-time PhD applications. Click on the department heading for a list of available faculty members.

Biomedical Engineering

Chemical and Biological Engineering

Civil and Environmental Engineering

Computer Science

Electrical and Computer Engineering

Mechanical Engineering

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Part-Time & Online Graduate Education

Advance Your Career and the Future of Engineering.

• Master's Degrees 
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Engineering for Professionals Programs Again Ranked Among Nation’s Best

U.S. News & World Report ranks Johns Hopkins Engineering for Professionals the #6 best program in the country for online graduate program delivery.

You have goals. We have a program designed to help you reach them.

Johns Hopkins top-ranked Engineering for Professionals program delivers challenging part-time, online courses in more than 22 disciplines that address the most current engineering technologies, practices, and issues. Study online, on your time and gain solutions-based knowledge—immediate learning you can use to advance your career.

Program & Course Options

Complete select programs with courses offered fully online.

Learn face-to-face in a traditional classroom setting on campus.

Mix and match and take online and onsite courses.

Virtual Live

Engage in live, real-time instruction from anywhere at a set time.

Explore Our Degree Programs

• Applied and Computational Mathematics Formats: Hybrid, Online, Onsite
• Applied Biomedical Engineering Formats: Hybrid, Online
• Applied Physics Formats: Hybrid, Online
• Artificial Intelligence Formats: Online
• Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Formats: Onsite
• Civil Engineering Formats: Hybrid, Online, Onsite
• Climate, Energy, and Environmental Sustainability Formats: Online
• Computer Science Formats: Hybrid, Online, Onsite
• Cybersecurity Formats: Hybrid, Online, Onsite
• Data Science Formats: Hybrid, Online
• Electrical and Computer Engineering Formats: Hybrid, Onsite, Online
• Engineering Management Formats: Hybrid, Online
• Environmental Engineering Formats: Online
• Environmental Engineering and Science Formats: Online
• Environmental Planning and Management Formats: Online
• Financial Mathematics Formats: Online
• Healthcare Systems Engineering Formats: Online
• Industrial and Operations Engineering Formats: Hybrid, Online, Onsite
• Information Systems Engineering Formats: Hybrid, Online, Onsite
• Materials Science and Engineering Formats: Hybrid, Online, Onsite
• Mechanical Engineering Formats: Hybrid, Online
• Occupational and Environmental Hygiene Formats: Hybrid, Online
• Robotics and Autonomous Systems Formats: Online
• Space Systems Engineering Formats: Hybrid, Online
• Systems Engineering Formats: Hybrid, Online

Fall Registration Opens Monday, June 10 at 10 a.m.

We accept applications year-round for our certificate and master’s degree programs—no GRE required. Some courses fill quickly, so register soon. For a complete list of dates, review the Academic Calendar. Find your program of interest for specific requirements.

It's a Fact

We are leaders in the delivery of a rich, flexible educational experience that will prepare you for success.

400+ Expert Faculty

Immerse yourself in a culture of collaboration and learn from experts who are pioneers and practitioners in their fields.

750+ Courses

Whether you are earning a degree or taking a single course, we offer timely, relevant courses across a range of specializations.

22 Master's Degrees

Designed to fit your schedule and interests—20 programs can be completed fully online.

Top-Ranked Online Programs by U.S. News & World Report

U.S. News & World Report ranks Johns Hopkins Engineering for Professionals the #6 best program in the country for online graduate program delivery. Computer Information Technology is the number two ranked online program. This excellence rises from our commitment to helping working professionals earn advanced degrees that has spanned nearly two decades. Check out our other top-ranked online engineering master's programs.

Doctor of Engineering Program

Already earned your master's? Designed for working engineers and scientists, our Doctorate of Engineering program is a research collaboration between your employer and the Whiting School of Engineering.

Explore Engineering for Professionals

Engineering Excellence—On Your Terms.

Engineers See the World Differently - Become an inventor and make a meaningful difference in the world.

Expansive Network - Make crucial connections with experts and colleagues in your field, advancing opportunities and opening new doors for your future.

Let Johns Hopkins Engineering help you define your future - Immerse yourself in studies that inspire and foster the advanced problem solving, professional, and research skills needed for success. At Johns Hopkins Engineering, it starts with small class sizes and continues with state-of-the-art research facilities, passionate faculty members, and a competitive U.S. News and World Report ranking.

Powerful Partnerships - Our partners and top employers include JHU Applied Physics Lab, the U.S. Department of Defense, Northrop Grumman, Boeing, Raytheon, Lockheed Martin, and more.

Part-Time, Online Graduate Programs (Engineering for Professionals)

Whiting school of engineering.

Dear Students,

The most successful engineers are those who never stand still when it comes to their education and their careers. Rather, it is those engineers who are committed to remaining at the forefront of their professions, who strive continuously to be well versed in the latest technologies, and who have the ability to continuously learn how their fields are evolving and which skills and knowledge are necessary to stay ahead of the curve who will achieve success.

At the Whiting School of Engineering, our Engineering for Professionals programs provide these motivated working engineers—in our region and around the world—with the tools and experiences necessary to enhance their education in ways that will have a direct positive impact on their professional lives.

We provide our engineering students with academic offerings of the highest quality, with all the value and prestige of a Johns Hopkins education. The breadth of our degree and certificate programs, the real-world experience of our faculty, and our state-of-the-art instructional methods enable us to provide students with unparalleled opportunities. At Engineering for Professionals, you will learn from experienced working professionals and outstanding academic faculty. These instructors speak directly to the applications of the course work you will study and continually improve and update content to encompass the very latest in both the theoretical understanding and applications in their areas of expertise.

In addition to the tremendous academic opportunities you will be afforded by enrolling in a Johns Hopkins Engineering for Professionals program, as a student here, you also will become part of a remarkable community. As a student and, later, as an alumnus, you will be a member of the uniquely successful Johns Hopkins family, connected forever to the traditions and achievements of one of the world’s most esteemed academic research institutions.

Congratulations on choosing Johns Hopkins.

Ed Schlesinger Benjamin T. Rome Dean Whiting School of Engineering

Information in this catalogue is current as of publication in July 2023. For all updates, please visit  ep.jhu.edu .

The university reserves the freedom to change without notice any programs, requirements, or regulations published in this catalogue. This catalogue is not to be regarded as a contract. Multiple means of communication may be used by the university for announcing changes of this nature, including, but not exclusive to, e-mail and/or paper notice. Students are responsible for providing current e-mail and mailing address information to the university administrative offices.

Graduate Programs

Graduate students in the Johns Hopkins Engineering for Professionals (JHEP) program constitute one of the nation’s largest student bodies in part-time engineering education at the master’s-degree level. JHEP courses are continually updated for relevance, addressing industry trends and the latest advances in engineering and applied science fields. Most courses are offered online to afford working professionals the opportunity to advance their education at their convenience. Select courses are also offered on-site in the late afternoon or evening Monday through Thursday. Students receive individual attention from their advisors and instructors and benefit from small classes and well-equipped laboratory, computing, and classroom facilities.

The university is accredited by:

the Middle States Commission on Higher Education 3624 Market Street Philadelphia, PA 19104-2680 215-662-5606

The Master of Science in Engineering in Systems Engineering program is accredited by the Engineering Accreditation Commission (EAC) of ABET, http://www.abet.org . Applicants need to hold a degree by a program accredited by the EAC of ABET in order to be admitted to the Master of Science in Engineering degree program. Students admitted without a Bachelor of Science degree from an EAC of ABET-accredited program or who did not complete the prerequisites that meet all of the EAC of ABET-accreditation requirements for attainment of student outcomes and for sufficient math, science, and engineering design at the Bachelor of Science level will receive a regionally accredited Master of Science degree.

The Master of Science in Occupational and Environmental Hygiene Program is accredited by the Applied and Natural Science Accreditation Commission (ANSAC) of ABET, http://www.abet.org  under the General and Industrial Hygiene Program Criteria. 

Degrees and Certificates

The Johns Hopkins University offers a variety of degrees and certificates to students in the Whiting School of Engineering. Requirements for each discipline are detailed in the individual program listings in this catalogue.

Master of Science

Programs are offered in Applied Biomedical Engineering, Applied and Computational Mathematics, Applied Physics, Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science, Cybersecurity, Data Science, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Environmental Engineering and Science, Environmental Planning and Management, Financial Mathematics, Healthcare Systems Engineering, Information Systems Engineering, Mechanical Engineering,  Materials Science and Engineering, Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Robotics and Autonomous Systems,  Space Systems Engineering and Systems Engineering.

Programs are offered in Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Civil Engineering, Engineering Management, and  Environmental Engineering.

Master of Science in Engineering

One program is offered in Systems Engineering.

Joint Degree

A joint degree in Bioinformatics is offered by Johns Hopkins Engineering for Professionals and the Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences Advanced Academic Programs.  The administration is handled by the Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, and applications for admission to the Master of Science in Bioinformatics must be submitted directly to the Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences at bioinformatics.jhu.edu.

Graduate Certificate/Post-Master’s Certificate

These certificates are awarded upon completion of a select number of courses of graduate study within some of the master’s degree discipline areas.

Non-Degree-Seeking/Special Students

Students who wish to enroll in courses but are not interested in pursuing a degree or certificate may enroll as Special Students.

Online Learning

Johns Hopkins Engineering for Professionals has offered online courses since 2001, consistently delivering a unique educational experience that is both academically rigorous and highly practical. Johns Hopkins Engineering for Professionals’ online programs complement the busy schedules of today’s practicing engineers and scientists by allowing students to pursue studies face-to-face, online, or via a combination of both formats. Courses are consistently being developed for online delivery. The following programs can be completed fully online:

• Applied Biomedical Engineering
• Applied and Computational Mathematics
• Applied Physics
• Artificial Intelligence
• Civil Engineering
• Computer Science
• Cybersecurity
• Data Science
• Electrical and Computer Engineering
• Engineering Management
• Environmental Engineering
• Environmental Engineering and Science
• Environmental Planning and Management
• Financial Mathematics
• Healthcare Systems Engineering
• Information Systems Engineering
• Materials Science and Engineering
• Mechanical Engineering
• Robotics and Autonomous Systems
• Space Systems Engineering
• Systems Engineering

Our custom-built online programs and courses are designed using state-of-art technology and learning tools that create an interactive and engaging online learning experience. Delivered asynchronously, our online courses also include live synchronous time with the course instructor(s) and fellow students. Prospective and current students should consult online learning for the current online course offerings, course schedules, and procedures for online programs.

Online Course Registration

Online course registration adheres to the same schedule followed by on-site courses. Enrollment is granted on a first-come, first-served basis, and new and returning online students are strongly encouraged to register early. The deadline for adding online courses is two weeks after the first day of classes each term. See the Academic Calendar for exact dates for each term.

Virtual Live Format

This format is a synchronous online course delivery method. In some cases, all students meet with the instructor fully online (8VL). In other cases, class sessions are held on-site in a classroom, and students have the option to either attend in-person or remote into the classroom via a web-conferencing tool enabling two-way communication and live video feed (3VL).

Online Student Support Services

Johns Hopkins Engineering for Professionals makes every effort to provide online students access to a full range of services and resources comparable to those available to students taking on-site courses. Online students can register, pay their tuition, receive academic advising, purchase course textbooks, access Johns Hopkins University library holdings, view transcripts, and access grades and various other academic services all online. Once admitted, students gain access to the Johns Hopkins portal site, myJH , which provides quick access to many of these services.

Engineering Administration

T. E. Schlesinger Benjamin T. Rome Dean

Sridevi Sarma Vice Dean, Graduate Education

Harry K. Charles Jr. Associate Dean, Non-Residential Graduate Education

Johns Hopkins Engineering for Professionals

Dan Horn Associate Vice Dean, Professional Education and Lifelong Learning

Megan Barrett Assistant Dean, Student Affairs

Nathan Graham Assistant Dean, Media and Technology

Paul Huckett Assistant Dean, Learning Design and Innovation

Mary Kay LeMay  Assistant Dean, Marketing and Communications

Lauren McGhee Assistant Dean, Enrollment and Academic Operations 

Marielle Nuzback Senior Director of Operations

Sandra Altman Director, Admissions

Charise Bell Director, Marketing and Recruitment

Tim Jarrett Director, Software Engineering

Abby Lattes Director, Communications

Allison Leventhal  Director, Office of Engineering Student Support and Advocacy

Olysha Magruder Director, Learning Design and Faculty Development

Kelly Orr Director, Technology

Doug Schiller Director, Enrollment Management

Heather Stewart Director, Academic Affairs

Applied Physics Laboratory Education Center

Harry K. Charles Jr. Education Center Group Supervisor and Program Manager

Christine M. Morris Partnership Manager

Tracy K. Gauthier Education Center Operations Coordinator

Graduate Program Chairs

Hedy V. Alavi Program Chair, Environmental Engineering Program Chair, Environmental Engineering and Science Program Chair, Environmental Planning and Management

David Audley Program Chair, Financial Mathematics

Program Chair, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering

Patrick Binning Program Chair, Space Systems Engineering

Harry K. Charles Jr. Program Chair, Applied Physics

Ashutosh Dutta  Program Chair, Electrical and Computer Engineering

Jaafar El-Awady Program Chair, Mechanical Engineering

Timothy Galpin Program Chair, Engineering Management

Eileen Haase Program Chair, Applied Biomedical Engineering

Program Chair, Occupational and Environmental Hygiene

Andrew Merkle Program Chair, Systems Engineering

Bart Paulhamus Program Chair, Artificial Intelligence

Alan Ravitz Program Chair, Healthcare Systems Engineering

​Benjamin Rodriguez Program Co-Chair, Data Science

Rachel Sangree Program Chair, Civil Engineering

David Silberberg Program Chair, Information Systems Engineering Program Chair, Robotics and Autonomous Systems

James C. Spall Program Chair, Applied and Computational Mathematics Program Co-Chair, Data Science

James Spicer Program Chair, Materials Science and Engineering

Lanier Watkins Program Chair, Computer Science Program Chair, Cybersecurity

Master's Programs

• Applied and Computational Mathematics, Master of Science
• Applied Biomedical Engineering, Master of Science
• Applied Physics, Master of Science
• Artificial Intelligence, Master of Science
• Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Master of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
• Civil Engineering, Master of Civil Engineering
• Computer Science, Master of Science
• Cybersecurity, Master of Science
• Data Science, Master of Science
• Electrical and Computer Engineering, Master of Science
• Engineering Management, Master of Engineering Management
• Environmental Engineering and Science, Master of Science
• Environmental Engineering, Master of Environmental Engineering
• Environmental Planning and Management, Master of Science
• Financial Mathematics, Master of Science
• Healthcare Systems Engineering, Master of Science
• Information Systems Engineering, Master of Science
• Materials Science and Engineering, Master of Science
• Mechanical Engineering, Master of Science
• Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Master of Science
• Robotics and Autonomous Systems, Master of Science
• Space Systems Engineering, Master of Science
• Systems Engineering, Master of Science
• Systems Engineering, Master of Science in Engineering (ABET-accredited)

Graduate Certificates

• Applied Biomedical Engineering, Graduate Certificate
• Artificial Intelligence, Graduate Certificate
• Civil Engineering, Graduate Certificate
• Climate Change, Energy, and Environmental Sustainability, Graduate Certificate
• Computer Science, Graduate Certificate
• Cybersecurity, Graduate Certificate
• Data Science, Graduate Certificate
• Electrical and Computer Engineering, Graduate Certificate
• Engineering Management, Graduate Certificate
• Environmental Engineering and Science, Graduate Certificate
• Environmental Engineering, Graduate Certificate
• Environmental Planning and Management, Graduate Certificate
• Financial Risk Management, Graduate Certificate
• Information Systems Engineering, Graduate Certificate
• Quantitative Portfolio Management, Graduate Certificate
• Securitization, Graduate Certificate
• Systems Engineering, Graduate Certificate

New Graduate Certificates admitting students for Fall 2023

*Applied and Computational Mathematics, Graduate Certificate

Post-Master's Certificates

• Applied and Computational Mathematics, Post-Master’s Certificate
• Applied Biomedical Engineering, Post-Master’s Certificate
• Applied Physics, Post-Master’s Certificate
• Computer Science, Post-Master’s Certificate
• Cybersecurity, Post-Master’s Certificate
• Data Science, Post-Master’s Certificate
• Electrical and Computer Engineering, Post-Master’s Certificate
• Environmental Engineering and Science, Post-Master’s Certificate
• Environmental Engineering, Post-Master’s Certificate
• Environmental Planning and Management, Post-Master’s Certificate
• Systems Engineering, Post-Master’s Certificate

Departments

• Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
• Environmental Engineering, Science, and Management Programs
• Occupational and Environmental Hygiene

Contact Information

25 Best Part Time PhD Programs [2024 Guide]

Explore part time PhD programs. Compare schools and see why you should consider earning your doctorate part time.

If work or other responsibilities have been holding you back from diving headfirst into doctoral studies, consider part time PhD programs instead.

Editorial Listing ShortCode:

You may enroll in an on-campus or online PhD program to earn your doctoral credentials on a schedule that fits your busy lifestyle.

Universities Offering PhD and Other Doctorate Programs Online

Methodology: The following school list is in alphabetical order. To be included, a college or university must be regionally accredited and offer degree programs online or in a hybrid format.

1. Andrews University

Andrews University is a private university in Berrien Springs, Michigan, that is affiliated with the Seventh-day Adventist Church. Founded in 1874, Andrews has a current annual enrollment of 3,366.

Students can pursue 130 undergraduate and 70 graduate majors across eight schools and colleges. Degrees at the bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral levels are available.

• PhD in Curriculum and Instruction
• PhD in Educational Leadership
• PhD in Higher Education Administration
• PhD in Leadership

Andrews University is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

2. Clemson University

Clemson University is a public research university located in Clemson, South Carolina. Founded in 1889, Clemson boasts an annual student enrollment nearing 30,000. U.S. News & World Report ranks Clemson University in 24th place among all public universities.

Students can pursue bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral degrees across Clemson’s seven schools and colleges.

• PhD in Healthcare Genetics
• PhD in Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management
• PhD in Rhetorics, Communication and Information Design

Clemson University  is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

3. George Washington University

Chartered in 1821 by an act of the United States Congress, George Washington University stands today as a private research university with an annual enrollment of more than 27,000. GWU is divided into 14 colleges and schools offering bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral programs.

The Princeton Review consistently ranks George Washington University as a top college in a number of categories. In addition, GWU has been ranked as one of the Top Universities for Producing Billionaires by the Times Higher Education’s World University Rankings.

• PhD in Nursing
• PhD in Systems Engineering

GW  is regionally accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

4. Hampton University

Hampton University is a private, historically black university located in Hampton, Virginia, that was founded in 1868. The university is comprised of 10 accredited schools and colleges offering 50 bachelor’s programs, 26 master’s programs, and seven doctoral programs. The Alumni Factor has named Hampton one of the best colleges in Virginia.

• PhD in Business Administration
• PhD in Educational Management

Hampton University  is accredited by the Commission on Colleges of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.

5. Indiana State University

Indiana State University is a public university located in Terre Haute, Indiana, with a history dating back to 1865. ISU offers more than 100 undergraduate majors and 75 graduate. Students can pursue 20 bachelor’s degrees, 22 master’s degrees, and seven doctoral degrees on campus and online through ISU’s six academic colleges.

• PhD in Educational Administration – Higher Education Leadership
• PhD in Educational Administration – School Administration
• PhD in Technology Management

Indiana State University is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

6. Keiser University

Keiser University is a private university based in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Founded in 1977, Keiser offers bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral programs available both on campus and online. Money magazine has rated Keiser University one of the top colleges for the money in Florida. Nearly 20,000 students study at Keiser.

• PhD in Criminal Justice and Criminology
• PhD in Industrial and Organizational Psychology
• PhD in Instructional Design and Technology

Keiser University  is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

7. Liberty University

Liberty University is a private evangelical Christian university founded in Lynchburg, Virginia, in 1971. The school consists of 17 distinct colleges offering a wide variety of bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral programs. Programs are divided between 366 on-campus options and 280 online options.

• PhD in Bible Exposition
• PhD in Communication
• PhD in Criminal Justice
• PhD in Criminal Justice – Homeland Security
• PhD in Criminal Justice – Leadership
• PhD in Education – Curriculum and Instruction
• PhD in Education – Instructional Design and Technology
• PhD in Education – Organizational Leadership
• PhD in Education – Special Education
• PhD in Higher Education Administration – Educational Leadership
• PhD in History
• PhD in Nursing – Nursing Education
• PhD in Psychology – Developmental Psychology
• PhD in Psychology – Industrial/Organizational Psychology
• PhD in Psychology – Social Psychology
• PhD in Public Policy
• PhD in Public Policy – Economic Policy
• PhD in Public Policy – Education Policy
• PhD in Public Policy – Foreign Policy
• PhD in Public Policy – National Security
• PhD in Public Policy – Social Policy
• PhD in Strategic Media
• PhD in Theology and Apologetics

Liberty University  is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

8. Mississippi State University

Mississippi State University is a public research university located near Starkville, Mississippi, that is classified among RI Doctoral Universities for very high research activity. MSU’s more than 22,000 enrolled students can pursue more than 180 areas of study for bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral degrees. The school was founded in 1878.

• PhD in Community College Leadership
• PhD in Computational Engineering
• PhD in Electrical and Computer Engineering
• PhD in Engineering – Aerospace Engineering
• PhD in Engineering – Civil Engineering
• PhD in Engineering – Mechanical Engineering
• PhD in Industrial & Systems Engineering

Mississippi State University  is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

9. North Carolina A&T State University

North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University is a public, historically black university located in Greensboro, North Carolina. The school was founded in 1891 by the North Carolina General Assembly. It is ranked among the top historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs) by U.S. News & World Report.

A total of 54 bachelor’s, 29 master’s, and nine doctoral degrees are offered through the school’s eight colleges.

• PhD in Leadership Studies

North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University  is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

10. Texas Tech University

Established in 1923, Texas Tech University is a public research university in Lubbock, Texas, featuring 13 colleges and 60 research centers. The Princeton Review has ranked Texas Tech among the 125 best colleges in the Western United States.

Texas Tech offers 150 options for bachelor’s degrees, 110 options for master’s degrees, and 59 doctoral degree programs.

• PhD in Curriculum and Instructions – Curriculum Studies and Teacher Education
• PhD in Curriculum and Instructions – Language, Diversity & Literacy Studies
• PhD in Curriculum and Instructions – STEM
• PhD in Educational Leadership Policy
• PhD in Family and Consumer Science Education
• PhD in Special Education

Texas Tech University  is accredited with the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

11. University at Buffalo

Founded in 1846, the University at Buffalo a public research university with campuses in Buffalo and Amherst, New York. Nearly 32,000 students are enrolled in what is considered to be the largest public university in New York. UB offers bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral degrees across 13 academic schools and colleges.

• PhD in Information Science

The  University at Buffalo  is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

12. University of Alabama – Huntsville

The University of Alabama in Huntsville was founded in 1950. It is one of three members of the University of Alabama System. UAH school awards 44 bachelor’s, 30 master’s and 15 doctoral degrees across nine colleges to a study body of nearly 10,000.

UAH is a space-grant university with a large focus on engineering and science programs.

• PhD in Civil Engineering
• PhD in Engineering Management
• PhD in Industrial Engineering
• PhD in Joint Nursing Science

UAH  is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

13. University of Colorado – Denver

A member of the University of Colorado system, the University of Colorado Denver is a public research facility offering hundreds of degree programs for bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral studies across dozens schools and colleges.

Total annual enrollment stands at 24,910. Forbes places the University of Colorado Denver 34th on the its list of best public colleges.

University of Colorado – Denver is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

14. University of Florida

The University of Florida is a public land-grant, sea-grant, and space-grant research university with a main campus in Gainesville, Florida. This senior member of the State University System of Florida offers bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral programs to the more than 56,000 students that enroll annually.

The list of notable UF alumni includes Erin Andrews, Emmitt Smith, Faye Dunaway, and Marc Rubio.

• PhD in Classical Civilization
• PhD in Latin and Roman Studies

The  University of Florida  is regionally accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.

15. University of Kansas

The University of Kansas is a public research university based in Lawrence, Kansas. Founded in 1865, KU offers more than 345 degree programs for bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral studies. KU has an annual enrollment of more than 28,400 students.

The school’s faculty and alumni list includes four NASA astronauts, seven Pulitzer Prize winners, 27 Rhodes Scholars, and 325 Fulbright Scholars.

The  University of Kansas  is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

16. University of Missouri

The University of Missouri was founded in 1839 as the flagship of the University of Missouri System. Mizzou currently offers more than 300 bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral degree programs across 13 major academic divisions for its more than 30,000 enrolled students.

• PhD in Architectural Studies

The University of Missouri is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

17. University of North Carolina – Greensboro

The University of North Carolina at Greensboro is a public research university located in Greensboro, North Carolina, that dates back to 1891. This school with an annual enrollment topping 20,000 is part of the University of North Carolina system.

More than 100 bachelor’s, 61 master’s, and 26 doctoral programs are offered at UNCG.

The  University of North Carolina at Greensboro  is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

18. University of North Dakota

Located in Grand Forks, the University of North Dakota offers 90 bachelor’s majors, 54 master’s programs, and 27 doctoral programs. UND was founded in 1883. Currently, UND has an annual enrollment of 13,581 students spread across its 10 academic divisions. The school’s athletic teams compete in the NCAA’s Division I.

• PhD in Aerospace Sciences
• PhD in Biomedical Engineering
• PhD in Chemical Engineering
• PhD in Electrical Engineering
• PhD in Energy Engineering
• PhD in Environmental Engineering
• PhD in Indigenous Health
• PhD in Petroleum Engineering

The University of North Dakota is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission of the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools.

19. University of South Carolina

The University of South Carolina is a public research university located in Columbia, South Carolina. The more than 35,000 students enrolled at USC today can study toward bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral degrees from 14 degree-granting colleges and schools. The school’s history dates back to 1801.

• PhD in Computer Engineering
• PhD in Computer Science
• PhD in Mechanical Engineering
• PhD in Nuclear Engineering

University of South Carolina is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

20. University of South Dakota

The University of South Dakota is a public research university in Vermillion, South Dakota, with an enrollment of nearly 10,000 students. The university is divided between seven colleges offering hundreds of bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral degrees. USD’s campus is home to the National Music Museum. The school was founded in 1862.

• PhD in Health Sciences

USD  is accredited by the North Central Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools.

21. University of Southern Mississippi

The University of Southern Mississippi is a public research university with a main campus located in Hattiesburg, Mississippi. Southern Miss awards bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral degrees across more than 189 programs. Founded in 1910, the school boasts an annual enrollment of more than 14,00 students.

Southern Mississippi’s academic offerings are divided across four colleges and schools.

• PhD in Nursing Leadership

The  University of Southern Mississippi  is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

22. University of Tennessee – Knoxville

Founded in 1794, the University of Tennessee is a public research university located in Knoxville, Tennessee. UT offers bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral degrees across 10 undergraduate colleges and eleven graduate colleges. Annual enrollment stands at close to 29,000 students.

Established two years before Tennessee officially became a state, the University of Tennessee is one of the oldest public universities in the country.

• PhD in Industrial and Systems Engineering – Engineering Management

The  University of Tennessee – Knoxville  is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

23. University of the Cumberlands

The University of the Cumberlands is a private university located in Williamsburg, Kentucky, dating back to 1888. Bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral programs in a variety of specialties in the arts and sciences are offered across four colleges. Total annual enrollment is 13,476.

University of the Cumberlands  is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

24. Virginia Commonwealth University

Virginia Commonwealth University is a public research university located in Richmond, Virginia, with a history dating back to 1838. VCU offers more than 217 programs for bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral degrees across 11 schools and three colleges.

U.S. News & World Report has classified VCU as a Tier 1 University that ranks in 84th place among all public colleges and universities in the United States.

• PhD in Health Related Sciences

VCU  is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

25. West Virginia University

Founded in 1875, West Virginia University is a public research university with a main campus in Morgantown, West Virginia. More than 350 academic programs for bachelor’s, master’s, doctoral, and professional degrees are offered through 14 schools and colleges for the nearly 30,000 students who enroll at WVU annually.

Designated among the R1 Research Universities for very high research activity, WVU boasts research partnerships with the Rockefeller Neurosciences Institute and the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

West Virginia University  is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

Do Part Time PhD Programs Exist?

Yes, part time PhD programs do exist. Universities know that many people have packed schedules. To accommodate busy students, some schools give the option of part-time enrollment in PhD programs online or on-campus.

The idea is that you may work your way through one of these programs while still living at home and holding a regular job — no uprooting your life required.

Many part-time PhD programs are offered online, which can be particularly convenient. Online college allows you to attend the university of your choice without having to move away from your hometown.

You may take classes online, chat digitally with your academic advisors, and work on your dissertation from the comfort of your own home. Even still, there may be some in-person residencies or practicums required.

Finances are one of the best reasons to enroll in a part-time online program. The paycheck that you bring in each week can help you afford your grad school tuition without living on ramen noodles for five years straight.

Of course, being able to hold a full-time job while going through your doctoral program is more than just a way to make money. Particularly if your field of study is relevant to your job, you may find many opportunities to connect your classroom studies to real-world experiences.

It’s even possible that a situation at work may provide inspiration for the topic of your doctoral dissertation. If you feel that a dissertation may prevent you from finishing your PhD, then a professional doctorate may be a better choice.

For example, doctor of education programs don’t require dissertations in many cases. Instead, students may complete a final capstone project to demonstrate subject mastery.

Part-time students don’t make up the majority of doctoral candidates; even still, you certainly won’t be the only one if you choose to go this route. In the past year, approximately 44% of doctoral students were enrolled in part-time programs .

What Are the Most Popular PhD Programs?

Doctorates are available in practically any field, but some are more common than others. The following table shows some of the top PhDs that you may be able to earn online.

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, some related careers and their average salaries include:

Getting your doctorate may certainly increase your earning potential. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median annual salary for PhDs is $110,200. That’s a large jump from $78,210, the average annual earnings for those with a master’s degree.

How Do Part Time PhD Degree Programs Work?

To graduate from a part-time doctoral program, you’ll need to do the same work that you would for a full-time course of study. You’ll simply spread the work out over a longer stretch of time.

The first portion of your program will likely be devoted to classes. If you’re enrolled on a part-time basis, you’ll probably keep your course load light instead of taking multiple classes at once.

You may be able to take the classes online, but your school may require a few in-person residencies as well.

Some classes will focus on the research methods that are essential for all doctoral candidates to know, such as analyzing data and writing scholarly reports. At this point, you may also start thinking about a topic for your upcoming research project.

Other courses will be related to your field of study. While some classes may be required of every student in your PhD department, others may be electives. That way, you may build a course of study that is tailored to your career goals and research interests.

After completing your classes, your school may require oral or written testing as a way of assessing your knowledge.

Next, you’ll turn your attention toward your dissertation or another final project. This usually requires completing original research and reporting your findings in a detailed paper.

Even for full-time students, it may take several years to complete a dissertation. On a part-time basis, you may be working on this project even longer.

Once you finish your dissertation, the school’s faculty will need to approve it. Then, you’ll answer questions during a defense of your research. If the faculty determines that you have successfully defended your dissertation, you’ll then be awarded your PhD.

How Long Does It Take to Do a PhD Part Time?

How long it takes to complete your PhD through a part-time schedule is largely up to you and how much you can commit to your studies at any point in time.

You may find that there are some seasons in which you’re able to invest a good portion of your time and other seasons when you’re only able to do the bare minimum to keep going.

As a general rule, though, you should expect your part-time studies to last for several years. Being a part-time student won’t exempt you from any of the program’s requirements.

You’ll still need to earn just as many credit hours, complete any residency or internship experiences, and do the same final projects. The work will just be spread out over a longer period of time.

You should probably plan to work on your doctoral program for six to eight years. Some students take even longer. There may be a maximum duration allowed by your program, so be sure to discuss that with your faculty advisor.

Although part-time schooling is convenient, being enrolled in the same program for years on end may start to feel tedious. It’s important to choose an area of study that you really care about.

Your passion for your studies can keep you motivated even when graduation still seems a long way off.

Admission Requirements for a PhD

No matter what type of doctoral program it is, whether it is a part time or an online accelerated doctoral program , they can be competitive and you’ll want to make sure that your application stands out to the admissions committee. The first step is making sure that you meet the requirements and include all necessary documentation.

• Application and fee: Filling out this form gives the committee basic information about you, so be sure to complete it thoroughly. The fee will be non-refundable, even if you aren’t admitted.
• College transcripts: These demonstrate whether you have the appropriate academic background. You will need to hold a bachelor’s degree, and you may need a master’s degree as well. There may be minimum GPA scores required.
• Test scores: Many schools use GRE or GMAT scores to determine whether you have what it takes to succeed in a PhD program. If you’re an international applicant, you may also need TOEFL scores to demonstrate your proficiency with the English language.
• Letters of reference: These should come from academic or professional colleagues who can attest to your commitment and character. Two or three letters may be required.
• Personal statement or research proposal: This is your chance to communicate your study goals. That way, the school can determine whether your interests align with the expertise of the faculty.

Pay close attention to application deadlines. It’s smart to submit your materials a few weeks before the cutoff since schools don’t usually take late applications.

Accreditation for PhD Programs

Accreditation is a process in which an independent organization evaluates a college’s programs and results to determine whether the school is doing a good job of educating students. If the college is up to par, then it receives approval from an accrediting body.

The primary type of accreditation to consider is regional accreditation . There are seven U.S. organizations that have the right to grant regional accreditation.

There are fairly high standards for regional accreditation. As a result, this type of accreditation is well-respected, and employers are often more inclined to select candidates whose degrees come from regionally accredited schools.

Financial Aid for PhD Students

Paying for a doctorate out of pocket can be an overwhelming prospect, but there are a number of options for funding your PhD.

• Fellowships: Based on your personal merits, your school or a private organization may give you fellowship money intended to further your research goals.
• Government grants: If your income qualifies, you may get free tuition help from the state or federal government.
• Government loans: You may have the option to take out low-interest loans from the federal government or your state.
• Private loans: To supplement your financial package, you may also need private loans. Just be aware that these can come with high interest rates.
• Scholarships: You can apply for gift money from a scholarship-granting organization, such as a professional association in your field.
• Stipends: Some schools grant PhD candidates a small stipend. There are usually stipulations to this, and the rules may differ for part-time students.

To find out more, talk to your school’s financial aid department. Be sure to fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) .

Also, if getting a doctorate could benefit your performance at work, you may be able to request tuition assistance from your employer.

Can You Do PhD Part Time?

Yes, you can do a PhD part time. Studying for a PhD doesn’t have to be all-or-nothing. Just as there are part time masters programs , you can likewise enroll in a doctoral program on a part-time basis.

With that approach, you may be able to go to work during the day and take classes or write papers in the evening. It may even be possible to complete the coursework online.

Is PhD Full Time or Part Time?

Both full-time and part-time PhD programs are available. Some people choose to earn their doctorates as quickly as possible by going to school full-time. Others opt to enroll part-time so that they may keep up with work or family responsibilities.

Keep in mind that not all schools give you the choice between full-time and part-time study; their traditional or online doctoral programs may be specifically designed for one or the other.

Is a PhD Worth It?

Yes, a PhD is worth it for many students. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics projected a 5.9% job growth for doctoral or professional degree holders over the next 1o years, faster than the average for all occupations.

Getting a PhD may open new doors. Earning this top degree may grant you entrance into academia as a researcher or a professor.

It may also prepare you to assume high leadership roles and earn more money in your field. Plus, there’s often a sense of personal satisfaction that comes from accomplishing a huge goal like earning a PhD.

If you’re ready to put those three letters after your name, then it’s time to think about enrolling in a doctoral program. Apply to part-time PhD programs so you may pursue your degree without putting your life on hold.

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Home  |  Graduate Admissions  |  PhD Admissions

PhD Programs Admissions

Ready to apply to Dartmouth's engineering  PhD , the  PhD-Innovation (PhD-I) Program , the PhD in Medical Physics , or the PhD-MD ? To help students prepare a strong application, this page provides important information about the admissions process, including deadlines, eligibility requirements, and application and financial aid instructions.

PhD students typically enter with full support from either a Graduate Research Assistantship (GRA) or an external fellowship. Explore general PhD funding and expenses to consider for all PhD programs and learn about additional fellowship and grant opportunities .

Start Your Application

On This Page

Phd application process, phd innovation (phd-i) program application process, phd in medical physics application process, md-phd application process, application deadlines.

December 15

priority deadline for Fall term admission; applications are accepted on a rolling basis after December 15

At least two terms prior to admission

deadline for Winter, Spring, or Summer term admission

Required Application Materials

The following instructions are a guide for completing the application for the PhD program at Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth (Dartmouth Engineering).

PhD+PhD-I : New students interested in the PhD Innovation (PhD-I) Program can apply to both the PhD and PhD-I within the same application. Follow the PhD process outlined below , and submit the additional required materials for the PhD-I.

Please read the following instructions carefully. Only complete applications will be considered for admission.

Online Application

Applicants must complete the application for admission online. It is not necessary to send us a hard copy. Online applications open August 1 of each year.

Updating Your Materials

Your test scores and mailing address can be updated at any time through your application status page. After submission, other components (resume, statement of purpose, essays, etc.) cannot be updated. Please be sure you have entered the most accurate information at the time of submission. Due to the volume of applications received, we cannot update these materials after submission.

Acknowledgement

After submission, you will receive an email acknowledgement through the application system.

Application Status

To see the status of your application, visit your online application status page. Please note that it may take a few days for application materials to be processed.

Application materials and supporting documents become the property of the Admissions Committee and are not returnable.

General Policies

False Statements/Materials: If a candidate for admission to Dartmouth makes a false statement or submits falsified material in connection with his or her application, and the misrepresentation is discovered after the candidate has been admitted, the offer of admission ordinarily will be withdrawn. If the misrepresentation is discovered after a student arrives on campus or at any time during their enrollment, the student will be subject to loss of credits earned and disciplinary action that could include separation from the College. If the discovery occurs after a degree has been awarded, the degree normally will be rescinded.

Equal Opportunity: Dartmouth Engineering actively supports equal opportunity for all persons regardless of race or ethnic background. No student will be denied admission or be otherwise discriminated against because of sex, handicap, religion, sexual orientation, race, color, or national origin.

Security and Fire Safety Report: Dartmouth prepares an annual Security and Fire Safety Report which is available to all current and prospective employees and students. The report includes statistics of reported crimes that have occurred on campus, in certain off-campus buildings, or on property owned or controlled by Dartmouth, and on public property within, or immediately adjacent to and accessible from, the campus as well as reported fires occurring in residential facilities. The report also includes institutional policies concerning campus security, such as policies concerning sexual assault, fire safety, and other matters. You may obtain a copy of this report by contacting the Director of Safety and Security and the College Proctor at +1 (603) 646-4000.

Application Fee

A non-refundable application fee of $50 is required of all applicants, except for Dartmouth College or Dartmouth Engineering students and alumni. The fee must be paid by credit card. Applications will not be processed until this fee is received.

Letters of Recommendation

Three (3) letters of recommendation must be completed and submitted online directly by your recommenders . Please have your recommenders complete the evaluation form that will be emailed to them and submit a signed letter on their official institutional letterhead. If your recommender’s company or institution has a policy against letterhead they must provide a copy of this policy with the recommendation letter.

Letters of recommendation should ideally come from your college professors using their official school email address. Applicants with work or military experience or currently in another graduate program should submit a recommendation from their immediate supervisor, a current or former employer, or someone who knows them well through some other professional or community activity.

Academic Transcripts

All applicants are required to submit academic transcripts from each undergraduate or graduate institution from which you obtained your degrees (eg. your bachelor’s degrees or other advanced degrees.)

You may scan and upload a copy of your academic transcript (not diploma) issued by the institution(s) from which you obtained your undergraduate degree(s) and any advanced/graduate degree(s) directly to the online application.

For grading scales other than 4.0 grading scales: Please include documentation indicating the scale.

Applicants with international transcripts are encouraged to submit a transcript evaluation from WES (World Education Services) along with their Dartmouth Engineering application. While a WES evaluation is not mandatory for admission, it can help expedite the application review process. If you are admitted, you will need to submit official academic transcripts for all your international coursework and credentials. WES evaluations can be used instead of official transcripts, but they must be sent directly to Dartmouth Engineering by the evaluation service provider, and they must include a copy of the official transcripts that were evaluated.

Non-degree coursework: If you attended institutions other than those from which your degree(s) were granted, you are required to scan and upload your academic transcripts from these institutions (transfer coursework, domestic or study-abroad programs, postgraduate non-degree coursework, etc.).

If you have more than three undergraduate transcripts or three graduate transcripts to upload, please combine them by uploading a file that contains more than one transcript.

• Scan BOTH sides of your transcript (provided the second side is not blank).
• Depending on the scanner and software, you may either insert individual images (.jpg) into a single word processing document for upload, OR if your software produces a .pdf, simply upload that file.
• The file must be less than 1 MB, in a standard format, WITHOUT password protection or macros. Any of these problems will cause the upload process to fail.
• A diploma is not a transcript.

If you upload a scanned copy of your transcript, you do not need to send a hard copy. The scanned copy fulfills the requirement for the application process. Upon admission, you will be required to supply an official hard copy of your transcript.

Admitted students: If admitted, you will be required to request that ONE official, original hardcopy transcript mailed to Dartmouth Engineering (mailing address below) directly from each college and/or university you have attended in a signed, sealed envelope. We will accept a transcript via email if that is your prior institution’s method of transcript delivery.

International applicants must make arrangements to have their academic records translated and sent along with originals. Where American-style transcripts are not used, the applicant must include all available records including courses, grades, degrees, and rank-in-class. The appropriate university officials must certify these records. Evaluations from WES (World Education Services) can be used instead of official transcripts, but they must be sent directly to Thayer by the evaluation service provider, and they must include a copy of the official transcripts that were evaluated.

Upon admission, supporting materials such as transcripts should be mailed to:

Graduate Admissions Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth 15 Thayer Drive Hanover, NH 03755

Supplemental Form: Research Area, Identifying Faculty, Statement of Purpose/Essay & CV/Resume

Research Area: Engineering PhD students typically are funded through a professor’s sponsored research or a fellowship. Students interested in applying to the PhD program are encouraged to reach out to individual faculty members to discuss potential projects.

Through the PhD program, students may elect one of the six program areas to be reflected as a "concentration." In the application, you will be prompted to select which track you are interested in pursuing. Applicants should indicate all areas of interest in order to be considered for the widest possible range of opportunities. Students can switch program areas after starting the program.

Identifying Dartmouth Engineering faculty members of interest : The supplemental form of the application will be used to match your area(s) to those of faculty or to determine your focus. You must select at least one and may choose up to three faculty from the drop-down list in the application.

Fill this out carefully and list your top faculty interest first. We strongly encourage you to review research by program areas and contact Dartmouth Engineering faculty for an initial conversation about research opportunities.

Statement of Purpose/Essay: You will be prompted to write a brief essay describing your research interests and career goals and the reasons you wish to pursue graduate studies at Dartmouth. Include any information that does not appear elsewhere that will help us evaluate your application. If possible, keep your essay to 1–2 pages.

CV/Resume: Upload your most recent CV or resume.

Optional Essay: Dartmouth Engineering is committed to a climate that acknowledges and embraces diversity of perspectives and backgrounds, supporting a culture that fosters inclusion and actively pursues equity. In this optional essay, applicants are encouraged to share how their personal perspectives and unique life experiences will contribute to Dartmouth and the Dartmouth Engineering community.

TOEFL, IELTS, or Duolingo (International Applicants)

Non-US citizens must submit language proficiency test scores, with the exception of those who are earning or have earned a degree from institutions in the US or Canada, or who are from the following countries: Australia, Canada, Denmark, Germany, Ghana, Ireland, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Slovenia, and Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the US.

For all graduate programs, Dartmouth Engineering accepts the following English proficiency tests: TOEFL , IELTS , and Duolingo . During the application process, self-reported scores are acceptable. However, once admitted, students will be required to submit official test results directly from the testing organization.

The ETS code for Thayer School is 3360.

GREs (optional)

GREs are optional for all Dartmouth Engineering graduate programs. If you would like to include GRE scores to give the admissions committee a better understanding of your qualifications, we accept self-reported scores at the time of application. If you enter self-reported scores, you will be required to provide official scores if admitted. Visit the ETS website and use code 3360.

Eligibility Requirements

The foundation for doctoral engineering degree work is undergraduate preparation in science, mathematics, and engineering principles. Applicants must hold a bachelor's or master's degree to be considered for the program, although a master’s degree is not required. Students admitted to the program who are not prepared to complete the first-year requirements are advised to enter the MS program and petition to be admitted to the PhD program. Students who have prior graduate training may be considered for advancement to candidacy after completing one or two terms of the first-year doctoral program.

International Students

Language proficiency test scores are required for non-US citizens, with the exception of those who are earning or have earned a degree from institutions in the US or Canada, or who are from the following countries: Australia, Canada, Denmark, Germany, Ghana, Ireland, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Slovenia, and Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the US.

While all applications are looked at holistically, we recommend the following score ranges:

• TOEFL scores of 100 or higher
• IELTS scores of 6.5 or higher
• Duolingo scores of 135 or higher

Dartmouth Engineering initiates the visa process. For information about the visa and immigration process, visit Dartmouth's Office of Visa and Immigration Services .

Part-Time Students

The PhD program can also be undertaken part-time: students interested in this option should contact the Senior Associate Dean for Research and Graduate Programs .

Graduate Admissions Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth 15 Thayer Drive, Hanover, NH 03755 [email protected]

PhD Program

Learn about requirements, funding, expenses, and more.

See student testimonials, course and funding comparisons, and more

Student Life

Explore our community on campus and beyond.

Admission to this program is determined by a committee consisting of the Dean of Dartmouth Engineering or the Director of the Program (Professor Eric Fossum ), and members of the faculty, drawn from those serving on the Program Advisory Board.

Review PhD-I Program funding comparisons

Application Timeline

application deadline

Late January/ Early February

presentations via Zoom

Mid-February

decisions and notifications

candidate acceptance deadline

The PhD Innovation (PhD-I) Program welcomes applicants who are in the process of applying to Dartmouth Engineering's PhD program, as well as applicants who are already enrolled in Dartmouth Engineering's PhD program. The application process differs slightly for each group, and is outlined below. Please read the following instructions carefully. Only complete applications will be considered for admission.

Students applying to Dartmouth Engineering's PhD program

Students not already enrolled in a Dartmouth Engineering PhD program must submit all required materials for the PhD program listed above in addition to the following:

When completing the online application, check the box indicating "Innovation Program" interest on the program information page of the application.

On the PhD Supplemental Form of the online application, you will be prompted to submit the following two essays for the PhD-I Program, in addition to the materials required for the main PhD program.

Statement on PhD-I Program Interest (two-pages max): Submit a statement specific to the PhD-I Program that addresses the following:

• Reasons for interest in the PhD-I Program
• Why the program is relevant to your long-term career goals
• An example demonstrating creativity in arriving at a solution

Statement on Broad Technology Development Problem (two-pages max): Describe an example of a broad technology development problem that interests you. It should be written in the general form of a proposal for funding. Specify one or two potential Dartmouth Engineering faculty advisors for your proposed work (prior contact with those faculty members by email is recommended).

Current students already enrolled in a Dartmouth Engineering PhD program

Current students already enrolled in a Dartmouth Engineering PhD program must assemble the following materials and submit them via email at [email protected] to apply.

• Letter of recommendation from your thesis advisor. This should be submitted directly from your advisor to [email protected] .
• Current CV/resume.
• reasons for interest in the PhD-I Program
• why the program is relevant to your long-term career goals
• an example demonstrating creativity in arriving at a solution
• Statement (two-pages max) describing an example of a broad technology development problem that interests you. This should be written in the general form of a proposal for funding.
• Combine your CV/resume and two statements into a single .pdf file.
• Label the file following this format: LastNameFirstName_Innovation.pdf
• Email the .pdf as an attachment to: [email protected]

Eligibility

Applicants must meet all prerequisites and requirements for the standard PhD degree program . New PhD applicants, as well as current Dartmouth Engineering PhD and MD-PhD students are eligible to apply to the PhD Innovation (PhD-I) Program. Current students are advised to consult with their faculty advisor and Professor Eric Fossum , Director of the PhD-I Program, prior to applying.

General Program Questions

Jessica Moody PhD Innovation Program Coordinator [email protected]

Admissions Questions

[email protected]

The PhD and Certificate Program in Medical Physics welcomes applicants who are currently in the process of applying to Dartmouth Engineering's PhD program, as well as applicants who are currently enrolled in Dartmouth Engineering's PhD program, or any of the physical science PhD programs at Dartmouth. The application process differs slightly for each group. Please read the application instructions carefully. Only complete applications will be considered for admission.

Learn how to apply

Start your PhD in Medical Physics Application

David J. Gladstone Adjunct Professor of Medicine, Professor of Engineering, and PhD and Certificate Program in Medical Physics Program Director [email protected]

Students must apply to the Dartmouth Engineering PhD program through the process outlined above , indicating their specific interests on their online application, as well as to Geisel School of Medicine .

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Part-time PhD?

• What is a PhD?

Written by Mark Bennett

A PhD is a doctoral research degree and the highest level of academic qualification you can achieve. The degree normally takes between three and four years of full-time work towards a thesis offering an original contribution to your subject.

This page explains what a PhD is, what it involves and what you need to know if you’re considering applying for a PhD research project , or enrolling on a doctoral programme .

The meaning of a PhD

The PhD can take on something of a mythic status. Are they only for geniuses? Do you have to discover something incredible? Does the qualification make you an academic? And are higher research degrees just for people who want to be academics?

Even the full title, ‘Doctor of Philosophy’, has a somewhat mysterious ring to it. Do you become a doctor? Yes, but not that kind of doctor. Do you have to study Philosophy? No (not unless you want to) .

So, before going any further, let's explain what the term 'PhD' actually means and what defines a doctorate.

What does PhD stand for?

PhD stands for Doctor of Philosophy. This is one of the highest level academic degrees that can be awarded. PhD is an abbreviation of the Latin term (Ph)ilosophiae (D)octor. Traditionally the term ‘philosophy’ does not refer to the subject but its original Greek meaning which roughly translates to ‘lover of wisdom’.

What is a doctorate?

A doctorate is any qualification that awards a doctoral degree. In order to qualify for one you need to produce advanced work that makes a significant new contribution to knowledge in your field. Doing so earns you the title 'Doctor' – hence the name.

So, is a PhD different to a doctorate? No. A PhD is a type of doctorate .

The PhD is the most common type of doctorate and is awarded in almost all subjects at universities around the world. Other doctorates tend to be more specialised or for more practical and professional projects.

Essentially, all PhDs are doctorates, but not all doctorates are PhDs.

Do you need a Masters to get a PhD?

Not necessarily. It's common for students in Arts and the Humanities to complete an MA (Master of Arts) before starting a PhD in order to acquire research experience and techniques. Students in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) don't always need an MS/MSc (Master of Science) to do a PhD as you'll gain training in lab techniques and other skills during your undergraduate degree.

Whether a Masters is a requirement for a PhD also varies by country. Australian PhDs may require a Masters as the equivalent of their own 'honours year' (where students work on research). US PhD programmes often include a Masters.

We have a whole guide dedicated to helping you decide whether a PhD without a Masters is the right route for you.

The origin of the PhD

Despite its name, the PhD isn't actually an Ancient Greek degree. Instead it's a much more recent development. The PhD as we know it was developed in nineteenth-century Germany, alongside the modern research university.

Higher education had traditionally focussed on mastery of an existing body of scholarship and the highest academic rank available was, appropriately enough, a Masters degree.

As the focus shifted more onto the production of new knowledge and ideas, the PhD degree was brought in to recognise those who demonstrated the necessary skills and expertise.

The PhD process – what's required to get a PhD?

The typical length of a PhD is three to four years full-time, or five to six years part-time.

Unlike most Masters courses (or all undergraduate programmes), a PhD is a pure research degree. But that doesn’t mean you’ll just spend years locked away in a library or laboratory. In fact, the modern PhD is a diverse and varied qualification with many different components.

Whereas the second or third year of a taught degree look quite a lot like the first (with more modules and coursework at a higher level) a PhD moves through a series of stages.

A typical PhD normally involves:

• Carrying out a literature review (a survey of current scholarship in your field).
• Conducting original research and collecting your results .
• Producing a thesis that presents your conclusions.
• Writing up your thesis and submitting it as a dissertation .
• Defending your thesis in an oral viva voce exam.

These stages vary a little between subjects and universities, but they tend to fall into the same sequence over the three years of a typical full-time PhD.

The first year of a PhD

The beginning of a PhD is all about finding your feet as a researcher and getting a solid grounding in the current scholarship that relates to your topic.

You’ll have initial meetings with your supervisor and discuss a plan of action based on your research proposal.

The first step in this will almost certainly be carrying out your literature review . With the guidance of your supervisor you’ll begin surveying and evaluating existing scholarship. This will help situate your research and ensure your work is original.

Your literature review will provide a logical jumping off point for the beginning of your own research and the gathering of results . This could involve designing and implementing experiments, or getting stuck into a pile of primary sources.

The year may end with an MPhil upgrade . This occurs when PhD students are initially registered for an MPhil degree and then ‘upgraded’ to PhD candidates upon making sufficient progress. You’ll submit material from your literature review, or a draft of your research findings and discuss these with members of your department in an upgrade exam . All being well, you’ll then continue with your research as a PhD student.

PhDs in other countries

The information on the page is based on the UK. Most countries follow a similar format, but there are some differences. In the USA , for example, PhD students complete reading assignments and examinations before beginning their research. You can find out more in our guides to PhD study around the world .

The second year of a PhD

Your second year will probably be when you do most of your core research. The process for this will vary depending on your field, but your main focus will be on gathering results from experiments, archival research, surveys or other means.

As your research develops, so will the thesis (or argument) you base upon it. You may even begin writing up chapters or other pieces that will eventually form part of your dissertation .

You’ll still be having regular meetings with your supervisor. They’ll check your progress, provide feedback on your ideas and probably read any drafts your produce.

The second year is also an important stage for your development as a scholar. You’ll be well versed in current research and have begun to collect some important data or develop insights of your own. But you won’t yet be faced with the demanding and time-intensive task of finalising your dissertation.

So, this part of your PhD is a perfect time to think about presenting your work at academic conferences , gaining teaching experience or perhaps even selecting some material for publication in an academic journal. You can read more about these kinds of activities below.

The third year of a PhD

The third year of a PhD is sometimes referred to as the writing up phase.

Traditionally, this is the final part of your doctorate, during which your main task will be pulling together your results and honing your thesis into a dissertation .

In reality, it’s not always as simple as that.

It’s not uncommon for final year PhD students to still be fine-tuning experiments, collecting results or chasing up a few extra sources. This is particularly likely if you spend part of your second year focussing on professional development.

In fact, some students actually take all or part of a fourth year to finalise their dissertation. Whether you are able to do this will depend on the terms of your enrolment – and perhaps your PhD funding .

Eventually though, you are going to be faced with writing up your thesis and submitting your dissertation.

Your supervisor will be very involved in this process. They’ll read through your final draft and let you know when they think your PhD is ready for submission.

All that’s left then is your final viva voce oral exam. This is a formal discussion and defence of your thesis involving at least one internal and external examiner. It’s normally the only assessment procedure for a PhD. Once you’ve passed, you’ve done it!

Looking for more information about the stages of a PhD?

How do you go about completing a literature review? What's it like to do PhD research? And what actually happens at an MPhil upgrade? You can find out more in our detailed guide to the PhD journey .

Doing a PhD – what's it actually like?

You can think of the ‘stages’ outlined above as the basic ‘roadmap’ for a PhD, but the actual ‘journey’ you’ll take as a research student involves a lot of other sights, a few optional destinations and at least one very important fellow passenger.

Carrying out research

Unsurprisingly, you’ll spend most of your time as a PhD researcher… researching your PhD. But this can involve a surprisingly wide range of activities.

The classic image of a student working away in the lab, or sitting with a pile of books in the library is true some of the time – particularly when you’re monitoring experiments or conducting your literature review.

Your PhD can take you much further afield though. You may find yourself visiting archives or facilities to examine their data or look at rare source materials. You could even have the opportunity to spend an extended period ‘in residence’ at a research centre or other institution beyond your university.

Research is also far from being a solitary activity. You’ll have regular discussions with your supervisor (see below) but you may also work with other students from time to time.

This is particularly likely if you’re part of a larger laboratory or workshop group studying the same broad area. But it’s also common to collaborate with students whose projects are more individual. You might work on shorter projects of joint interest, or be part of teams organising events and presentations.

Many universities also run regular internal presentation and discussion groups – a perfect way to get to know other PhD students in your department and offer feedback on each other’s work in progress.

Working with your supervisor

All PhD projects are completed with the guidance of at least one academic supervisor . They will be your main point of contact and support throughout the PhD.

Your supervisor will be an expert in your general area of research, but they won’t have researched on your exact topic before (if they had, your project wouldn’t be original enough for a PhD).

As such, it’s better to think of your supervisor as a mentor, rather than a teacher.

As a PhD student you’re now an independent and original scholar, pushing the boundaries of your field beyond what is currently known (and taught) about it. You’re doing all of this for the first time, of course. But your supervisor isn’t.

They’ll know what’s involved in managing an advanced research project over three years (or more). They’ll know how best to succeed, but they’ll also know what can go wrong and how to spot the warning signs before it does.

Perhaps most importantly, they’ll be someone with the time and expertise to listen to your ideas and help provide feedback and encouragement as you develop your thesis.

Exact supervision arrangements vary between universities and between projects:

• In Science and Technology projects it’s common for a supervisor to be the lead investigator on a wider research project, with responsibility for a laboratory or workshop that includes several PhD students and other researchers.
• In Arts and Humanities subjects, a supervisor’s research is more separate from their students’. They may supervise more than one PhD at a time, but each project is essentially separate.

It’s also becoming increasingly common for PhD students to have two (or more) supervisors. The first is usually responsible for guiding your academic research whilst the second is more concerned with the administration of your PhD – ensuring you complete any necessary training and stay on track with your project’s timetable.

However you’re supervised, you’ll have regular meetings to discuss work and check your progress. Your supervisor will also provide feedback on work during your PhD and will play an important role as you near completion: reading your final dissertation draft, helping you select an external examiner and (hopefully) taking you out for a celebratory drink afterwards!

Professional development, networking and communication

Traditionally, the PhD has been viewed as a training process, preparing students for careers in academic research.

As such, it often includes opportunities to pick up additional skills and experiences that are an important part of a scholarly CV. Academics don’t just do research after all. They also teach students, administrate departments – and supervise PhDs.

The modern PhD is also viewed as a more flexible qualification. Not all doctoral graduates end up working in higher education. Many follow alternative careers that are either related to their subject of specialism or draw upon the advanced research skills their PhD has developed.

PhD programmes have begun to reflect this. Many now emphasise transferrable skills or include specific training units designed to help students communicate and apply their research beyond the university.

What all of this means is that very few PhD experiences are just about researching and writing up a thesis.

The likelihood is that you’ll also do some (or all) of the following during your PhD:

The work is usually paid and is increasingly accompanied by formal training and evaluation.

Conference presentation

As a PhD student you’ll be at the cutting edge of your field, doing original research and producing new results. This means that your work will be interest to other scholars and that your results could be worth presenting at academic conferences .

Doing this is very worthwhile, whatever your career plans. You’ll develop transferrable skills in public speaking and presenting, gain feedback on your results and begin to be recognised as an expert in your area.

Conferences are also great places to network with other students and academics.

Publication

As well as presenting your research, you may also have the opportunity to publish work in academic journals, books, or other media. This can be a challenging process.

Your work will be judged according to the same high standards as any other scholar’s and will normally go through extensive peer review processes. But it’s also highly rewarding. Seeing your work ‘in print’ is an incredible validation of your PhD research and a definite boost to your academic CV.

Public engagement and communication

Academic work may be associated with the myth of the ‘ivory tower’ – an insular community of experts focussing on obscure topics of little interest outside the university. But this is far from the case. More and more emphasis is being placed on the ‘impact’ of research and its wider benefits to the public – with funding decisions being made accordingly.

Thankfully, there are plenty of opportunities to try your hand at public engagement as a PhD student. Universities are often involved in local events and initiatives to communicate the benefits of their research, ranging from workshops in local schools to public lectures and presentations.

Some PhD programmes include structured training in order to help students with activities such as the above. Your supervisor may also be able to help by identifying suitable conferences and public engagement opportunities, or by involving you in appropriate university events and public engagement initiatives.

These experiences will be an important part of your development as a researchers - and will enhance the value of your PhD regardless of your career plans.

What is a PhD for – and who should study one?

So, you know what a PhD actually is, what’s involved in completing one and what you might get up to whilst you do. That just leaves one final question: should you do a PhD?

Unfortunately, it’s not a question we can answer for you.

A PhD is difficult and uniquely challenging. It requires at least three years of hard work and dedication after you’ve already completed an undergraduate degree (and probably a Masters degree too).

You’ll need to support yourself during those years and, whilst you will be building up an impressive set of skills, you won’t be directly progressing in a career.

But a PhD is also immensely rewarding. It’s your chance to make a genuine contribution to the sum of human knowledge and produce work that other researchers can (and will) build on in future. However obscure your topic feels, there’s really no such thing as a useless PhD.

A PhD is also something to be incredibly proud of. A proportionately tiny number of people go on to do academic work at this level. Whatever you end up doing after your doctorate you’ll have an impressive qualification – and a title to match. What’s more, non-academic careers and professions are increasingly recognising the unique skills and experience a PhD brings.

Other PhDs - do degree titles matter?

The PhD is the oldest and most common form of higher research degree, but a few alternatives are available. Some, such as the DPhil are essentially identical to a PhD. Others, such as the Professional Doctorate or DBA are slightly different. You can find out more in our guide to types of PhD .

Is a PhD for me?

There’s more advice on the value of a PhD – and good reasons for studying one – elsewhere in this section. But the following are some quick tips if you’re just beginning to consider a PhD.

Speak to your lecturers / tutors

The best people to ask about PhD study are people who’ve earned one. Ask staff at your current or previous university about their experience of doctoral research – what they enjoyed, what they didn’t and what their tips might be.

If you’re considering a PhD for an academic career, ask about that too. Are job prospects good in your field? And what’s it really like to work at a university?

Speak to current PhD students

Want to know what it’s like studying a PhD right now? Or what it’s like doing research at a particular university? Ask someone who knows.

Current PhD students were just like you a year or two ago and most will be happy to answer questions.

If you can’t get in touch with any students ‘face to face’, pop over to the Postgraduate Forum – you’ll find plenty of students there who are happy to chat about postgraduate research.

Take a look at advertised projects and programmes

This may seem like a strange suggestion. After all, you’re only going to study one PhD, so what’s the point of reading about lots of others?

Well, looking at the details of different PhD projects is a great way to get a general sense of what PhD research is like. You’ll see what different PhDs tend to have in common and what kinds of unique opportunity might be available to you.

And, with thousands of PhDs in our database , you’re already in a great place to start.

Read our other advice articles

Finally, you can also check out some of the other advice on the FindAPhD website. We’ve looked at some good (and bad) reasons for studying a PhD as well as the value of a doctorate to different career paths.

More generally, you can read our in-depth look at a typical PhD journey , or find out more about specific aspects of doctoral study such as working with a supervisor or writing your dissertation .

We add new articles all the time – the best way to stay up to date is by signing up for our free PhD opportunity newsletter .

Ready to find your PhD?

Head on over to our PhD search listings to learn what opportunities are on offer within your discipline.

Our postgrad newsletter shares courses, funding news, stories and advice

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What happens during a typical PhD, and when? We've summarised the main milestones of a doctoral research journey.

The PhD thesis is the most important part of a doctoral degree. This page will introduce you to what you need to know about the PhD dissertation.

This page will give you an idea of what to expect from your routine as a PhD student, explaining how your daily life will look at you progress through a doctoral degree.

Our guide tells you everything about the application process for studying a PhD in the USA.

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• MyU : For Students, Faculty, and Staff

Student Commencement speaker reflects on growth and investing in education

New CSE graduate Joshua Ichen reminds peers to empower others

Despite being from a small town, Joshua Ichen always had big dreams. On May 10, the boy from Pleasant Prairie , Wisconsin—home to 21,840 residents—spoke on behalf of the University of Minnesota College of Science and Engineering graduating Class of 2024.  Soon, Ichen will start a coveted job as an industrial engineer at Boston Scientific—a fulltime position he landed long before Commencement day. 

“It was just four years ago that I cooked my first meal at college, trying to use chicken straight from the freezer, and confused when it was still raw after I cooked it,” said Ichen, who majored in industrial and systems engineering (ISyE), in his speech to the gathered crowd of nearly 4,000 at Mariucci Arena. “It was just four years ago that my high school, and many others around the world, canceled graduation due to the pandemic,” he continued. “And, it was just four years ago that we selected the University of Minnesota for various reasons—a decision, for me, that has turned into one of the greatest of my life.”

In class, Ichen soaked up all he could from his professors. His enthusiasm and hard work paid off. He earned one of his department's 2023-24 Dr. Alan L. Eliason Undergraduate Achievement in ISyE scholarship recipients. 

Outside the classroom, he continued to learn—and give back. He served on the Student Senate Campus Safety Committee for two years. He was invited to do research on allocation mechanisms with a professor, after earning top marks in an exam. He traveled to Africa with the CSE Global Seminar: “Design for Life: Water in Tanzania,” a trip that altered his mindset.

“Earlier this year, I would have said that success would show itself in corporate America through job-related personal accomplishments and possibly a high-paying salary,” he said in his Commencement speech. “However, it was experiences with a real impact on those around me, like my Tanzania experience, that helped to reframe my idea of success.”  

Success, he now believes, lies in one having the support of a community that cares and access to education. 

Case in point: If the water system design he and his global seminar classmates proposed gets implemented in the village of Makungu, he explained, then students at the primary school wouldn’t need to “miss out on critical learning time” because they needed to spend hours collecting clean water for their families every day.

  “Hopefully, given these improvements the village could build a secondary school in order to provide a more advanced education,” he said. 

Ichen was an active member in Greek Life and Club Tennis during his college years and regularly jumped at the chance to play in other University of Minnesota intramural sports. 

During the summers, he held internships at companies such as Boston Scientific and HLT, Inc . in Maple Grove, Minn., and Design Department Incorporated in Racine, Wisc. H e gained valuable experience in everything from manufacturing to inventory management. 

Last year, he competed in the 2023 MinneMUDAC Data Science Competition with three other University of Minnesota students. The team's presentation—forecasting Twins season ticket sales—ranked in the Top 10 among other college teams from across the United States. He was even named Homecoming Royalty, earning a spot on the University of Minnesota 2023 Homecoming Court. 

Ichen rounded up his Commencement speech with a call to his fellow graduates.

“I will never forget when an elder of the Makungu village said to us: ‘If you are planning for a year, then plant some rice. If you are planning for 10 years, then plant some trees. But if you are planning for centuries, you must invest your whole self where the kids are around you,’” Icen recalled. “To me, there is no more powerful investment than the chance at an education. As you all go out into the world today, I want to challenge you to make sure that we are all planning for eternity.”

Story by Pauline Oo

Learn more about Ichen, and the Commencement keynote speaker Geoff Martha, Medtronic chairman and CEO, at CSE Commencement speakers .

Read more stories:

Find more news and feature stories on the  CSE news page .

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Time in Bratsk , Irkutsk Oblast, Russia now

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Time zone info for Bratsk

• Bratsk does not change between summer time and winter time.
• The IANA time zone identifier for Bratsk is Asia/Irkutsk.

Time difference from Bratsk

Sunrise, sunset, day length and solar time for Bratsk

• Sunrise: 04:23
• Sunset: 22:07
• Day length: 17h 45m
• Solar noon: 13:15
• The current local time in Bratsk is 75 minutes ahead of apparent solar time.

Bratsk on the map

• Location: Irkutsk Oblast, Russia
• Latitude: 56.13. Longitude: 101.61
• Population: 257,000

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43 Facts About Bratsk

Written by Elvira Llamas

Modified & Updated: 29 May 2024

Reviewed by Jessica Corbett

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Bratsk, a city located in the Irkutsk Oblast region of Russia, is a hidden gem worth exploring. With a rich history and a vibrant culture, Bratsk offers a unique experience to its visitors. From breathtaking natural landscapes to architectural wonders, there is something for everyone in this enchanting city.

In this article, we will uncover 43 fascinating facts about Bratsk that will pique your curiosity and make you want to pack your bags and embark on an adventure. Whether you are a history buff, nature enthusiast, or someone who appreciates art and culture , Bratsk has it all. So, let’s dive into this incredible city and discover what makes it so special!

Key Takeaways:

• Bratsk, a city in Russia, boasts a rich history, stunning landscapes, and a vibrant community, offering a unique experience for residents and visitors alike.
• With its impressive hydroelectric power station, beautiful natural reserves, and diverse cultural scene, Bratsk is a city poised for promising growth and development.

Bratsk is a city in Irkutsk Oblast, Russia.

Located in Siberia, Bratsk is situated on the Angara River and is known for its breathtaking natural landscapes.

The city of Bratsk was founded on August 26, 1947.

It was established as a residential settlement for the workers of the Bratsk hydroelectric power station.

Bratsk is home to one of the largest hydroelectric power plants in the world.

The Bratsk Hydroelectric Power Station has a capacity of 4,500 MW and plays a significant role in Russia’s energy production.

The population of Bratsk is approximately 246,000 people.

It is the third-largest city in Irkutsk Oblast, after Irkutsk and Angarsk.

The name “Bratsk” is derived from the word “brothers”.

It symbolizes the unity and cooperation of the workers who contributed to the construction of the city.

Bratsk experiences a continental climate with long, cold winters and short, warm summers.

The average temperature in January is around -19°C (-2°F), while in July , it reaches an average of 18°C (64°F).

The Bratsk Reservoir, created by the damming of the Angara River, is one of the largest artificial lakes in the world.

It covers an area of 5,470 square kilometers (2,110 square miles ) and provides opportunities for various water activities.

Bratsk is a major transportation hub in Siberia.

It has a well-developed railway system and is connected to other cities in the region through an extensive network of roads.

The city of Bratsk is known for its vibrant cultural scene.

It is home to several theaters, museums, and art galleries that showcase the rich history and traditions of the region.

Bratsk is surrounded by picturesque natural landscapes, including dense forests, mountains, and rivers.

The area offers opportunities for outdoor activities such as hiking, fishing , and wildlife watching.

The Bratsk Dam, which forms the Bratsk Reservoir, was completed in 1967.

It stands at a height of 124 meters (407 feet) and is an impressive engineering feat.

The construction of the Bratsk Hydroelectric Power Station required the relocation of several villages and towns.

Efforts were made to ensure the smooth transition and well-being of the affected residents.

Bratsk has a diverse economy, with industries including energy, metallurgy, forestry, and agriculture.

The city’s development is closely tied to the Bratsk Hydroelectric Power Station and the surrounding natural resources.

Bratsk is home to several educational institutions, including universities, colleges, and vocational schools.

It serves as an educational center for the region, attracting students from different parts of Siberia .

The people of Bratsk are known for their warm hospitality and welcoming nature.

Visitors to the city often praise the friendly atmosphere and genuine kindness of the locals.

Bratsk has a rich cultural heritage, with influences from various ethnic groups living in the area.

The city celebrates traditional festivals, music, and dance, reflecting the diversity of its population .

The Bratsk Fortress is an important historical landmark in the city.

It dates back to the 17th century and serves as a reminder of Bratsk’s significant role in the region’s history.

Bratsk is known for its delicious cuisine, which features traditional Siberian dishes as well as Russian favorites.

Visitors can enjoy hearty soups, smoked fish , and locally sourced berries and mushrooms.

The Bratsk Museum of Local Lore showcases the history, culture, and natural wonders of the region.

It is a must-visit for those interested in learning more about Bratsk and its surroundings.

Bratsk has a well-developed sports infrastructure and supports various athletic activities.

The city has produced many talented athletes who have competed at national and international levels.

Bratsk is surrounded by beautiful nature reserves and national parks.

These protected areas are home to a wide range of flora and fauna, offering breathtaking sights for nature enthusiasts.

The Bratskaya street, one of the main streets in the city, is lined with shops, restaurants, and cafes.

It is a popular spot for locals and tourists to stroll, shop, and enjoy a meal.

Bratsk has a well-developed healthcare system, with modern hospitals and clinics.

The city prioritizes the health and well-being of its residents by providing quality medical facilities.

The Bratsk Opera and Ballet Theater is a cultural hub in the city, hosting performances by talented artists.

It showcases ballets, operas, and other musical events , attracting audiences from near and far.

Bratsk has a vibrant music scene, with local bands and musicians performing a variety of genres.

Music lovers can enjoy live performances at venues throughout the city.

The annual Bratsk International Film Festival celebrates the art of cinema.

It attracts filmmakers, industry professionals, and film enthusiasts from around the world.

The Bratsk Circus is a popular entertainment venue, featuring thrilling acrobatic performances and animal shows.

It offers fun-filled experiences for both children and adults.

Bratsk has a strong sense of community, with various civic organizations and volunteer groups working towards the betterment of the city.

Citizens actively participate in initiatives aimed at improving the environment, education, and social welfare.

The beautiful Bratsk City Park is a favorite spot for leisurely walks, picnics, and outdoor activities.

It offers a tranquil escape from the bustling city life.

Bratsk is known for its stunning sunsets, which paint the sky with vibrant colors.

The breathtaking views make for memorable moments and great photo opportunities.

The local markets of Bratsk are vibrant hubs of trade, showcasing a variety of local produce and goods.

Visitors can explore the stalls and sample fresh fruits, vegetables, and handicrafts.

Bratsk is an important center for scientific research and innovation.

The city is home to various research institutes and laboratories that contribute to advancements in different fields.

The Bratsk State University offers a wide range of educational programs across various disciplines.

It attracts students not only from Bratsk but also from other parts of Russia and abroad.

Bratsk is a city that embraces technology and digital connectivity.

The city’s infrastructure is well-equipped to meet the demands of the digital age.

Bratsk hosts various cultural events throughout the year, including music festivals, art exhibitions, and theatrical performances.

The city’s calendar is filled with opportunities to immerse oneself in the vibrant cultural scene.

Bratsk is a city where old traditions and modernity coexist harmoniously.

While the city embraces progress, it also values and preserves its rich cultural heritage.

Bratsk is surrounded by vast forests, making it an ideal destination for nature lovers and outdoor enthusiasts.

Hiking, camping, and wildlife spotting are popular activities in the area.

The Bratsk Philharmonic Orchestra is renowned for its exceptional performances and talented musicians.

It enchants audiences with a diverse repertoire that includes classical, contemporary, and traditional pieces.

Bratsk takes pride in its strong educational system, which emphasizes the importance of knowledge and skills.

It prepares the younger generation for bright futures and successful careers.

Bratsk is a city that celebrates diversity and promotes inclusivity.

It values the contributions of people from different backgrounds and fosters a sense of unity among its residents.

The Bratsk Mosque is an important religious landmark in the city.

It serves as a place of worship for the Muslim community and represents the city’s religious tolerance.

Bratsk is a city with a strong sense of environmental consciousness.

Efforts are made to protect and preserve the natural resources and promote sustainable practices.

Bratsk is a city that holds great potential for growth and development.

With its rich resources, vibrant community, and forward-thinking outlook, it is poised for a promising future.

In conclusion, these 43 facts about Bratsk showcase the fascinating history, natural wonders, and cultural significance of this city. From being home to one of the world’s largest hydroelectric power stations to boasting stunning landscapes like Lake Baikal and the Taiga forests, Bratsk has something for everyone. Its rich history, with traces of ancient civilizations and Soviet-era industrial development, adds a unique charm to the city.Whether you’re interested in adventure tourism, exploring historical sites, or simply immersing yourself in the local culture, Bratsk offers a myriad of experiences. The city’s warm hospitality, friendly locals, and delicious local cuisine make it a memorable destination for travelers.Don’t miss the opportunity to witness the breathtaking beauty of Bratsk. Visit this city and unlock its hidden gems, unforgettable experiences, and the chance to create lifelong memories.

Q: When is the best time to visit Bratsk?

A: The best time to visit Bratsk is during the summer months of June to August when the weather is pleasant and outdoor activities are in full swing.

Q: How do I get to Bratsk?

A: Bratsk can be reached by air through the Bratsk Airport, which has regular flights from major cities in Russia. Alternatively, you can also travel by train or bus from neighboring cities.

Q: Are there any popular attractions in Bratsk?

A: Yes , Bratsk is known for its popular attractions such as the Bratsk Hydroelectric Power Station, Lake Baikal, Taiga forests, and the Bratsk Reservoir.

Q: Is Bratsk safe for tourists?

A: Yes, Bratsk is generally safe for tourists. However, it is always advisable to take necessary precautions and be aware of your surroundings, especially in crowded areas.

Q: What are some traditional dishes to try in Bratsk?

A: Some traditional dishes to try in Bratsk include Siberian pelmeni, omul fish, stroganina, and local berry desserts.

Bratsk's stunning landscapes beckon nature enthusiasts to explore the wonders of the taiga biome, where cold climates shape unique ecosystems. This Russian city shares its rich history and culture with other fascinating destinations like Orenburg, inviting travelers to discover the depth and diversity of Russia's urban tapestry. Bratsk's massive hydroelectric power plant stands as a testament to human ingenuity, harnessing the immense potential of flowing water to power homes and industries, showcasing the transformative impact of hydroelectric technology .

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The Current Territorial Differentiation of the Industry of Irkutsk Oblast

N. a. ippolitova.

1 Sochava Institute of Geography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia

2 Irkutsk State University, 664003 Irkutsk, Russia

M. A. Grigoryeva

This article discusses recent changes in the development of industrial production in Irkutsk oblast from 2010 to 2019. Industry is the basic component in the economic complex; it provides about half of the region’s gross added value and is characterized by a multi-sectoral structure formed primarily on the basis of using natural resources and cheap electricity. It is pointed out that in the last decade, a significant change in the structure of industry has led to a structural simplification of its sectoral composition with a significant shift toward the raw materials sector. Cities remain the leading centers of concentration of the manufacturing industry. The grouping of municipalities according to the level of industrial development was carried out according to the available statistical data: the calculated share of the employed in industry and the volume of shipped products of large and medium-sized organizations. On the basis of their ratio, groups of regions with intensive development of the extractive industries, primarily the oil and gas sector, as well as territories in which the industrial profile was formed in Soviet times but underwent transformations under the influence of changes in the market, were identified. A group of regions with very low industrial development has been identified, in which economic activities are mainly related to agriculture, logging, transport, and tourism. It is shown that some of the municipalities have changed their position in the groups when compared to 2010. The rest of the composition is relatively stable. It was found that in the first and fourth groups a change in priority in the development of types of economic activity occurred, whereas the second and third groups show a change in their proportions. Large business contributes to the extremely uneven distribution of investments across the oblast in the implementation of investment projects.

INTRODUCTION

Irkutsk oblast, one of the key industrial regions of Siberia, has great industrial and natural resource potential, which, together with its competitive advantages, make it possible to occupy a leading position among other regions of the country. Research by N.N. Klyuev [ 1 ] shows that Irkutsk oblast is one of the ten Russian regions that maximized the volume of industrial production from 1990 to 2017.

The modern industrial structure of Irkutsk oblast is made up of several basic industries, including the electric power industry, mining and timber processing complexes, nonferrous metallurgy, chemical and petrochemical industries, as well as mechanical engineering and metalworking. With the start of oil and gas production, the oil and gas industry has developed.

Currently, the spatial development of Irkutsk oblast is based on large territorial production centers located in Irkutsk, Bratsk, Shelekhov, Angarsk, Sayansk, Ust-Ilimsk, Zheleznogorsk-Ilimsk, Taishet, Ust-Kut, and Bodaibo, where over 55% of the region’s population lives. These territories account for more than 85% of the added value produced in the region, and about 60% of investments [ 2 ].

The development of industrial production and its territorial features have been widely considered by domestic geographers at different times. It is worth noting the works devoted to the period of industrialization of the eastern territories [ 3 ], economic development [ 4 ], and issues of the location and development of certain industries [ 5 , 6 ]. In recent years, the main attention has been paid to the study of industry in the sectoral context [ 7 – 11 ], as well as using the theory of territorial production complexes [ 12 , 13 ]. The use of an integrated approach makes it possible to determine structural changes in the industry of the regions [ 14 ].

At the regional level, there are many methods and approaches to the construction of typologies and groupings for the socioeconomic development of territories, and in particular industrial development. Consideration of the intraregional level of industrial development in the scientific literature is less common, for example [ 15 – 18 ], which increases the relevance of this research, which is of an applied nature.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The information base of the study, which covers 2010–2019, was the materials of the Federal State Statistics Service, including databases of indicators of municipalities and official sites of local governments (analytical and forecast reports).

It is assumed in this work that at present industrial production includes the following sections of OKVED-2: Extraction of minerals (B); Manufacturing industries (C); Provision of electricity, gas and steam; air conditioning (D); Water supply; sewerage, waste collection, and disposal, and pollution elimination activities (E). According to OKVED, in 2010 industrial production consisted of the following types of activities: Extraction of minerals (C); Manufacturing (D); Production and distribution of electricity, gas, and water (E). We note that the work did not take into account the subsection Forestry and logging, which is included in the section Agriculture, forestry, hunting, fishing, and fish farming (A), although logging is a specialization of individual municipalities of the region.

The statistical data used at the municipal level (shipped goods of its own production, performed works and services on its own; the average number of employees of organizations by type of economic activity; investments in fixed assets) are given by Rosstat for large and medium-sized organizations, excluding small businesses. For example, the difference between the volume of products shipped for large and medium-sized organizations and for the full range of organizations is 5.6%, and for those employed in industrial production it is about 15%.

Due to the fact that according to the indicator called shipped goods of our own production, performed works and services on our own (without subjects of municipalities), information on certain types of economic activity is not published for 29 out of 42 municipalities of Irkutsk oblast in order to ensure the confidentiality of primary statistical data [ 19 ], the materials posted on the official websites of the corresponding municipalities were taken into account.

This work used comparative geographical and statistical research methods.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

In the structure of gross value added in Irkutsk oblast, industry accounted for 31.7% in 2010, and 44.8% in 2018. The specific weight of the volume of shipped products of the region in Russia increased from 1.4% in 2010 to 1.7% in 2019, due to the fact that the volume of mining operations increased nine times. The average annual number of workers employed in the industrial sector decreased by 3.6%.

In 2010–2019, the production index in Irkutsk oblast, based on the results of its retrospective recalculation by Rosstat, did not fall below 100%, reaching its maximum value in 2010, 113.3%, and the minimum value in 2019, 100.4% ( Fig. 1 ). Growth rates of the industrial production index in 2010–2012, were due to significant volumes of mining (especially hydrocarbons). The drop in production volumes in 2019 is associated with a decrease in the production of crude oil, metal ores, and due to the current federal emergency in the region in the summer of 2019 (flooding of settlements) and coal. The trend continued in 2020 under the influence of external and internal factors (Russian participation in the agreement with the OPEC + countries and, accordingly, the restriction on oil production, as well as restrictions on the part of Russian Railways in accepting coal for export). Against the background of this situation, the manufacturing industry in 2020, in contrast, showed an increase in production (in particular, the contribution was made by Pharmasynthez, which began to produce medicines for the treatment of coronavirus infection).

The production indices of Irkutsk oblast, %. Types of economic activity: 1 , industrial production; 2 , mining; 3 , manufacturing; 4 , supply of electricity, gas and steam; air conditioning.

Transformational processes, which differ in intensity and direction in different periods, have formed the modern structure of the region’s industry, whose leading industries are: extraction of crude oil and natural gas, which accounts for 35.2% of the volume of shipped products; energetics , 10.3; metallurgical production, 9.1; production of paper and paper products, 4.7; wood processing, 4.5%. In 2010, the leading positions were occupied by the energy sector, 18.3%; production of machinery, equipment, vehicles, 16.3; metallurgical production, 15.3; extraction of fuel and energy minerals, 8.9; and chemical production, 7.6%.

The average number of employees of organizations (excluding small businesses) and the volume of goods, works, and services shipped by large and medium-sized organizations were used as indicators that characterize the level of development of industrial production in 42 regional municipalities in 2010 and 2019.

The ratio of these indicators made it possible to distinguish four groups of municipalities by the level of industrial development (high, medium, low, and very low) in 2010 and 2019. ( Figs. 2, 3 ).

The distribution of the share of people employed in industry and the volume of industrial production of large and medium-sized organizations in Irkutsk oblast in 2010

The distribution of the share of employed in industry and the volume of industrial production of large and medium-sized organizations in Irkutsk oblast in 2019

In 2019, compared to 2010, there was a transition of a number of territories of the region from one group to another. In three municipalities (Ust-Kutsky, Katangsky, and Alarsky districts) there was an increase in the level of industrial development, and in the other three municipalities (Angarsk, Shelekhovsky district, and Usolye-Sibirskoe) a decrease occurred.

The Highly developed group (Katangsky, Ust-Kutsky regions, and Bratsk) is characterized by high values of the share of people employed in industrial production and the volume of shipped products. It accounts for 21.2% of those employed in industrial organizations of the region (rotation work is also used) and 48.4% of investments in fixed assets. The northern regions continue to increase their concentration of the volume of shipped products in the region by the type of economic activity mining (2010, 43.8%; 2019, 73.6%). Oil and gas condensate production increased by 5.4 times, from 3.3 million tons in 2010 to 17.9 million tons in 2019. Oil produced from fields in the north of the region is fed to the Eastern Siberia–Pacific Ocean (ESPO) pipeline system; it is delivered to the Far East and then exported to China and other countries of the Asia–Pacific region. The main companies represented on the territory of these municipalities are Verkhnechonskneftegaz, Dulisma, and the Irkutsk Oil Company. The latter is the largest taxpayer to the regional budget (in 2018, the share of its contributions was 12.5%). Generally, oil producing enterprises provided 46% of all income tax revenues in 2018 in the structure of tax revenues of the consolidated budget of the region.

Industrial production in Bratsk is associated with the activities of such processing enterprises as RUSAL Bratsk (in 2019 it provided 38% of the aluminum production in Russia), the Ilim Group in Bratsk, and the Bratsk Ferroalloy Plant, which form the industrial image of the city. During the period an increase in the volume of shipped products in the manufacturing sector was noted in Bratsk (2010, 22.6%; 2019, 29.9%), which allows it to remain a large industrial hub of the region.

Group with an average level of development (the Angarsk, Svirsk, Sayansk, Ust-Ilimsk, Irkutsk, Bodaibinsky, Shelekhovsky, Nizhneilimsky, and Tulunsky districts) is distinguished by a high share of those employed in industry and an average volume of industrial production. About half of the region’s population lives in these municipalities, they produce 40.6% of industrial production, and concentrate 61.5% of those employed in the industrial sector, as well as 38.4% of investments. The group includes almost all major industrial centers in the region. Unlike the previous case, the sectoral composition of this group is more diverse and is represented by enterprises of nonferrous metallurgy, mechanical engineering, chemical and petrochemical, pulp and paper, nuclear, pharmaceutical, and food industries (Irkutsk Aluminum Plant, Irkutsk Aviation Plant, Angarsk Petrochemical Company, Angarsk Polymer Plant, Sayanskkhimplast, Ilim Group in Ust-Ilimsk, Angarsk Electrolysis Chemical Plant, Pharmasintez, etc.). The production profile of these territories was formed back in the Soviet era, but at the present stage enterprises continue to play a significant role in the socioeconomic development of the region, especially for export-oriented industries.

The mining sector is represented by gold mining at ore and alluvial deposits (Polyus Verninskoe, Vysochaishy, Druza, Lenzoloto, etc., which provided more than 9% of the gold mining in Russia), iron ore (Korshunovsky GOK), and coal (Tulunugol open pit).

A separate place in this group is occupied by Irkutsk, the administrative center of the region with a diversified industry, which is the center of the emerging agglomeration of the same name. For Irkutsk, there is a significant increase in shipped products by the type of economic activity supply of electricity, gas, and steam, and air conditioning (in 2010, 27.9%, and in 2019, 87.4%). This increase is explained by a peculiarity of statistical accounting: most of the products produced on the territory of the region for this type of economic activity are attributed to the city. In reality, Irkutsk produces 25 times less of them. We note that almost all large energy companies, except for Vitimenergo, are registered in the regional center.

The low development group (Usolye-Sibirskoe, Winter, Tulun, Cheremkhovo, Kirensky, Zhigalovsky, Nizhneudinsky, Usolsky, Mamsko-Chuisky, Zalarinsky, Kazachinsko-Lensky, Taishetsky, Ust-Ilimsky, Bratsky, Nukutsky, Alarsky, Slyudyansky, Chunsky, Chunkhovsky, and Irkutsky) is the most numerous and heterogeneous in its composition. It is characterized by a small share of those employed in the industrial production of the region and a low volume of goods shipped. This group accounts for 8.8% of the volume of shipped goods, works, and services of the region, 16.8% of those employed in industry, and 12.7% of investments. In more than half of the municipalities, the leading type of economic activity is manufacturing, which is represented by medium-sized and large companies: a branch of the Ilim Group in the Bratsk District, Knauf Gips Baikal, Rusforest Magistralny, Usolye Salt Extraction and Processing Shop (part of Russol), and others.

Mining predominates in six municipalities (Gazprom Dobycha Irkutsk, IOC, Nedra mining company (GPK), Tyretsky salt mine, Cheremkhovugol open pit, etc.); in Tulunsky district, it is power engineering, and in Mamsko-Chuysky, it is water supply. At the end of 2022, gas is planned to be supplied from the Kovykta field (Irkutsk gas production center) to the Power of Siberia gas trunkline, which is oriented to external consumption (China).

The group includes territories both with industrial enterprises closed in the post-Soviet period and with new industrial facilities that have just begun to function. Single-industry towns (Usolye-Sibirskoye, Cheremkhovo, and Tulun) were given the status of a territory of advanced socioeconomic development to support the economy.

The very low development group (Osinsky, Kuytunsky, Bayandaevsky, Olkhonsky, Balagansky, Kachugsky, Bokhansky, Ekhirit-Bulagatsky, Ust-Udinsky, and Ziminsky districts). This accounts for only 0.1% of the volume of products produced in the region, 0.5% of those employed in industrial organizations of the region, 0.5% of investments in fixed assets. The industry is mainly represented by food. The districts specialize in agriculture, logging, and recreational activities. There are no large companies; small business prevails.

In the first and fourth groups, the priorities in the development of types of economic activity changed, and in the second and third groups, their proportions changed ( Fig. 4 ).

The change in the structure of types of economic activities by groups of municipalities of Irkutsk oblast in 2010 and 2019, %. Types of economic activity: 1 , mining; 2 , manufacturing industries; 3 , supply of electricity, gas and steam; air conditioning; 4 , water supply, sewerage, waste collection and disposal, activities to eliminate pollution.

From 2010 to 2019, the volume of shipped products and investments increased by 3.4 and 3.8 times, respectively (on average per one municipal district) (see Table 1 ), with a decrease in the population and employed in the industrial sector. The greatest change in these indicators is noted in the first and second groups.

Industrial development indicators by groups of municipalities of Irkutsk oblast in 2010 and 2019 (on average for one municipality)

The regional industry is dominated by local organizations of various sizes, a quarter of the large and medium-sized companies are controlled by holding companies such as Gazprom, Rosneft, Polyus, Ilim Group, Rosatom, Rostekh, Mechel, Renova, En+ Group, and RUSAL.

In recent years, as a result of the active development of oil and gas resources, the process of complex formation has begun 1 : for example, IOC is building a polymer plant in Ust-Kut (commissioning is planned in 2024) and is building the Ust-Kutsk gas processing plant for the supply of raw materials (to be launched in 2021).

RUSAL invested and attracted large investments in the construction of the Taishet aluminum plant (the launch was postponed to 2021), as well as the Taishet anode factory, which will meet the plant’s needs for baked anodes. The Ilim Group will build a pulp and cardboard mill in Ust-Ilimsk by 2023, which will increase the production of unbleached packaging materials. These and other projects, which were initiated by big business and are in an active stage, attract investments to the municipalities of the region ( Fig. 5 ).

The share of investments in fixed assets of large and medium-sized organizations of Irkutsk oblast, %. Municipalities: 1 , Irkutsk; 2 , Katangsky district; 3 , Bratsk; 4 , Angarsk; 5 , Usolye-Sibirskoye; 6 , Ust-Kutsky district; 7 , Taishetsky district; 8 , others.

In 2010 the share of investments of the five leading municipalities in the region was 71.2%, while by 2019 the concentration increased to 78.8%. In 2017–2019 investment growth rates increased, on average, in most municipalities (85.7%), especially in municipalities of the third group, the Tulun, Ust-Ilimsky, Kuytunsky, and Cheremkhovsky districts. Per capita investment rates are the highest for municipalities of the first and second groups, Katangsky, Ust-Kutsky, and Bodaibinsky northern regions, which is explained by the large volumes of investments made by large companies in the development of natural resources and the low population density.

CONCLUSIONS

In the last decade, an increase in the share of the raw materials sector (by four times) with a significant decrease in the share of mechanical engineering (by four times), chemical production (by almost two times), energy, and metallurgy determines the structural shifts in the region’s economy. The shift towards the extractive sector, which is more focused on the export of raw materials, structurally simplifies the sectoral composition of industry.

The existing main territories for gold and iron ore mining (Bodaibinsky, Nizhneilimsky regions), as well as peripheral northern regions (Katangsky, Ust-Kutsky), areas for the development of oil and gas resources, have increased their importance and increased concentration in industrial production. In 2019, they accounted for the largest volume of shipped products in the extraction of minerals, 89.1% (2010, 50.6%). This is also facilitated by the pipeline system, the main ESPO oil pipeline and the Power of Siberia gas pipeline (its section under construction in the region), as well as the increased demand for hydrocarbons in the markets of the Asia–Pacific region. The development of the oil and gas industry attracted labor resources from other regions of the country (Western Siberia, the Republic of Tatarstan, etc.). In 2019, the number of workers on a rotational basis exceeded 25 000 people per quarter, of which more than 30% are residents of the region.

The cities, the leading industrial centers of the region (Bratsk, Irkutsk, Angarsk, Shelekhov, Ust-Ilimsk, and Sayansk), whose large enterprises were created in Soviet times, have adapted to changing conditions and still retain their stability. In 2019, they formed 87% of the shipped products of the manufacturing industry (in 2010, 90.5%). Other cities (Tulun, Zima, and Usolye-Sibirskoye) lost their importance as a result of the closure of city-forming enterprises in the post-Soviet period; in 2013, Baikalsk was added to them. As a regional center, Irkutsk is statistically attributed to a significant volume of shipped goods, works, and services in the energy sector (2019, 87.4%), which complicates the territorial analysis of this industry.

To identify intraregional differentiation of the level of industrial development in 2010 and 2019 four groups of medical organizations were identified, which are different in composition depending on the distribution of quantitative criteria (the share of people employed in industrial production and the volume of shipped products of large and medium-sized organizations). Six MOs changed their position in the groups, while the rest retained their positions,

Over the past 10 years, only five municipalities (Irkutsk, Bratsk, Angarsk, Katangsky, and Ust-Kutsky districts) have concentrated more than two-thirds of their investments in fixed assets, which indicates the extreme unevenness of their distribution. Basically, the resource advantages of the region in the implementation of large investment projects in gas chemistry, nonferrous metallurgy, timber processing, pulp and paper production, and mining are used by large businesses that control significant enterprises. However, investment activity has little effect on improving socioeconomic conditions, which has been noted by other researchers [ 14 , 21 ].

The work was carried out at the expense of the state assignment (АААА-А21-121012190019-9).

1 According to P.Ya. Baklanov, the processes of the initial formation and subsequent development of territorial combinations of nodal elements, various enterprises (or territorial-production complexes) are complex formation [ 20 , p. 213].

Contributor Information

N. A. Ippolitova, Email: ur.tsil@pi-anin .

M. A. Grigoryeva, Email: ur.xednay@9irgram .