persuasive essay defined

Persuasive Essay

Definition of persuasive essay.

The term “persuasive” is an adjective derived from verb “persuade,” which means “to convince somebody.” A persuasive essay is full of all the convincing techniques a writer can employ. It presents a situation, and takes a stand – either in its favor, or against it – to prove to readers whether it is beneficial or harmful for them.

Why Persuasion?

The question arises why persuasion if the people are already aware of everything. Its answer is that each person’s ability of seeing and understanding things depend on his vision. He believes only what he sees or is told about. If another side of the coin is shown, the people do not believe so easily. That is why they are presented with arguments supported with evidences , statistics and facts. Persuasion is done for these reasons:

• A Better World : To ask the people that if they accept your argument , it will be good for them to take action and make the world a better place.
• A Worse World : It means that if readers do not do what they are asked to do, the world will become a worse place.
• Call to Action : It means to persuade or tempt readers to do what the writer wants them to do.

Difference Between a Persuasive Essay and an Argumentative Essay

A persuasive essay is intended to persuade readers to do certain things, or not to do certain things. It is the sole aim of the writer to coax or tempt readers, and force them to do certain things or take actions. However, an argumentative essay intends to make readers see both sides of the coin. It is up to them to select any of the two. In other words, an argumentative essay presents both arguments; both for and against a thing, and leaves the readers to decide. On the other hand, a persuasive essay intends to make readers do certain things. Therefore, it presents arguments only about one aspect of the issue.

Examples of Persuasive Essay in Literature

Example #1: our unhealthy obsession and sickness (by frank furedi).

“Governments today do two things that I object to in particular. First they encourage introspection, telling us that unless men examine their testicles, unless we keep a check on our cholesterol level, then we are not being responsible citizens. You are letting down yourself, your wife, your kids, everybody. We are encouraged continually to worry about our health. As a consequence, public health initiatives have become, as far as I can tell, a threat to public health. Secondly, governments promote the value of health seeking. We are meant always to be seeking health for this or that condition. The primary effect of this, I believe, is to make us all feel more ill.”

This is an excerpt from a persuasive essay of Frank Furedi. It encourages people to think about how the government is helping public health. Both the arguments of persuasion start with “First” in the first line and with “Secondly” in the second last line.

Example #2: We Are Training Our Kids to Kill (by Dave Grossman)

“Our society needs to be informed about these crimes, but when the images of the young killers are broadcast on television, they become role models. The average preschooler in America watches 27 hours of television a week. The average child gets more one-on-one communication from TV than from all her parents and teachers combined. The ultimate achievement for our children is to get their picture on TV. The solution is simple, and it comes straight out of the sociology literature: The media have every right and responsibility to tell the story , but they must be persuaded not to glorify the killers by presenting their images on TV.”

This is an excerpt from Grossman’s essay. He is clearly convincing the public about the violent television programs and their impacts on the kids. See how strong his arguments are in favor of his topic.

Example #3: The Real Skinny (by Belinda Luscombe)

“And what do we the people say? Do we rise up and say, ‘I categorically refuse to buy any article of clothing unless the person promoting it weighs more than she did when she wore knee socks?’ Or at least, ‘Where do I send the check for the chicken nuggets?’ Actually, not so much. Mostly, our responses range from ‘I wonder if that would look good on me?’ to ‘I don’t know who that skinny-ass cow is, but I hate her already.’

Just check the strength of the argument of Belinda Luscombe about purchasing things. The beauty of her writing is that she has made her readers think by asking rhetorical questions and answering them.

Function of a Persuasive Essay

The major function of a persuasive essay is to convince readers that, if they take a certain action, the world will be a better place for them. It could be otherwise or it could be a call to an action. The arguments given are either in the favor of the topic or against it. It cannot combine both at once. That is why readers feel it easy to be convinced.

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persuasive essay

What is persuasive essay definition, usage, and literary examples, persuasive essay definition, persuasive essay topic criteria, persuasive essay structure, types of persuasive essays, the three elements of persuasion, terms related to persuasive essays, examples of persuasive essay, further resources on persuasive essays, related terms.

A persuasive essay (purr-SWEY-siv ESS-ey) is a composition in which the essayist’s goal is to persuade the reader to agree with their personal views on a debatable topic. A persuasive essay generally follows a five-paragraph model with a thesis, body paragraphs, and conclusion, and it offers evidential support using research and other persuasive techniques.

To write an effective persuasive essay, the essayist needs to ensure that the topic they choose is polemical, or debatable. If it isn’t, there’s no point in trying to persuade the reader.

For example, a persuasive essayist wouldn’t write about how honeybees make honey; this is a well-known fact, and there’s no opposition to sway. The essayist might, however, write an essay on why the reader shouldn’t put pesticides on their lawn, as it threatens the bee population and environmental health.

A topic should also be concrete enough that the essayist can research and find evidence to support their argument. Using the honeybee example, the essayist could cite statistics showing a decline in the honeybee population since the use of pesticides became prevalent in lawncare. This concrete evidence supports the essayist’s opinion.

The persuasive essay generally follows this five-paragraph model.

Introduction

The introduction includes the thesis, which is the main argument of the persuasive essay. A thesis for the essay on bees and pesticides might be: “Bees are essential to environmental health, and we should protect them by abstaining from the use of harmful lawn pesticides that dwindle the bee population.”

The introductory paragraph should also include some context and background info, like bees’ impact on crop pollination. This paragraph may also include common counterarguments, such as acknowledging how some people don’t believe pesticides harm bees.

Body Paragraphs

The body consists of two or more paragraphs and provides the main arguments. This is also where the essayist’s research and evidential support will appear. For example, the essayist might elaborate on the statistics they alluded to in the introductory paragraph to support their points. Many persuasive essays include a counterargument paragraph to refute conflicting opinions.

The final paragraph readdresses the thesis statement and reexamines the essayist’s main arguments.

Persuasive essays can take several forms. They can encourage the reader to change a habit or support a cause, ask the reader to oppose a certain practice, or compare two things and suggest that one is superior to the other. Here are thesis examples for each type, based on the bee example:

• Call for Support, Action, or Change : “Stop using pesticides on your lawns to save the environmentally essential bees.”
• Call for Opposition : “Oppose the big businesses that haven’t conducted environmental studies concerning bees and pesticides.”
• Superior Subject : “Natural lawn care is far superior to using harmful pesticides.”

Aristotle first suggested that there were three main elements to persuading an audience: ethos, pathos, and logos. Essayists implement these same tactics to persuade their readers.

Ethos refers to the essayist’s character or authority; this could mean the writer’s name or credibility. For example, a writer might seem more trustworthy if they’ve frequently written on a subject, have a degree related to the subject, or have extensive experience concerning a subject. A writer can also refer to the opinions of other experts, such as a beekeeper who believes pesticides are harming the bee population.

Pathos is an argument that uses the reader’s emotions and morality to persuade them. An argument that uses pathos might point to the number of bees that have died and what that suggests for food production: “If crop production decreases, it will be impoverished families that suffer, with perhaps more poor children having to go hungry.” This argument might make the reader empathetic to the plight of starving children and encourage them to take action against pesticide pollution.

The logos part of the essay uses logic and reason to persuade the reader. This includes the essayist’s research and whatever evidence they’ve collected to support their arguments, such as statistics.

Argumentative Essays

While persuasive essays may use logic and research to support the essayist’s opinions, argumentative essays are more solely based on research and refrain from using emotional arguments. Argumentative essays are also more likely to include in-depth information on counterarguments.

Persuasive Speeches

Persuasive essays and persuasive speeches are similar in intent, but they differ in terms of format, delivery, emphasis, and tone .

In a speech, the speaker can use gestures and inflections to emphasize their points, so the delivery is almost as important as the information a speech provides. A speech requires less structure than an essay, though the repetition of ideas is often necessary to ensure that the audience is absorbing the material. Additionally, a speech relies more heavily on emotion, as the speaker must hold the reader’s attention and interest. In Queen Elizabeth I’s “Tilbury Speech,” for example, she addresses her audience in a personable and highly emotional way: “My loving people, We have been persuaded by some that are careful of our safety, to take heed how we commit our selves to armed multitudes for fear of treachery; but I assure you I do not desire to live to distrust my faithful and loving people. Let tyrants fear.”

1. Martin Luther King, Jr., “Letter From Birmingham Jail”

Dr. King directs his essay at the Alabama clergymen who opposed his call for protests. The clergymen suggested that King had no business being in Alabama, that he shouldn’t oppose some of the more respectful segregationists, and that he has poor timing. However, here, King attempts to persuade the men that his actions are just:

I am in Birmingham because injustice is here. Just as the prophets of the eight century B.C. left their villages and carried their ‘thus saith the Lord’ far beyond the boundaries of their hometowns, and just as the Apostle Paul left his village of Tarsus and carried the gospel of Jesus Christ to the far corners of the Greco-Roman world, so am I compelled to carry the gospel of freedom beyond my hometown.

Here, King is invoking the ethos of Biblical figures who the clergymen would’ve respected. By comparing himself to Paul, he’s claiming to be a disciple spreading the “gospel of freedom” rather than an outsider butting into Alabama’s affairs.

2. Garrett Hardin, “The Tragedy of Commons”

Hardin argues that a society that shares resources is apt to overuse those resources as the population increases. He attempts to persuade readers that the human population’s growth should be regulated for the sake of preserving resources:

The National Parks present another instance of the working out of the tragedy of commons. At present, they are open to all, without limit. The parks themselves are limited in extent—there is only one Yosemite Valley—whereas population seems to grow without limit. The values that visitors seek in the parks are steadily eroded. Plainly, we must soon cease to treat the parks as commons, or they will be of no value to anyone.

In this excerpt, Harden uses an example that appeals to the reader’s logic. If the human population continues to rise, causing park visitors to increase, parks will continue to erode until there’s nothing left.

We at SuperSummary offer excellent resources for penning your own essays .

Find a list of famous persuasive speeches at Highspark.co .

Read up on the elements of persuasion at the American Management Association website.

• Argumentative Essay

What is a Persuasive Essay? Full Persuasive Essay Guide

In a world where effective communication is crucial, mastering persuasive writing is essential. It transcends simply expressing opinions by enabling you to influence others and clearly articulate your message. Say goodbye to difficulties in making your point; join us as we explore how to craft persuasive essays that are both informative and genuinely compelling in our guide!

Persuasive Essay Definition

This type of essay persuades the reader to agree with your viewpoint by presenting convincing arguments, research, and ideas. You rely on logic and reason to demonstrate why your perspective is more valid than others. You must present clear arguments supported by compelling facts. Several key elements should be included in these essays:

• A clear thesis statement or main idea that guides your essay's focus.
• An opening paragraph that introduces your thesis statement and sets the stage for your argument.
• Body paragraphs that use specific research evidence to support your points.
• Smooth transitions between paragraphs that connect ideas clearly and engagingly.
• Addressing counterarguments to acknowledge and refute opposing viewpoints.
• A conclusion that reinforces your central idea without repeating it word for word.

Elements of a Persuasive Essay

Persuasive essays rely on three key elements called modes of persuasion . These were introduced by Aristotle, a famous philosopher, to help make arguments strong and convincing.

First, there's logos , which means using evidence and logical reasoning to support your points. It's crucial to clearly state your main argument and back it up with solid evidence. Remember, what counts as convincing evidence can vary depending on who you're trying to persuade.

Next up is pathos , which involves appealing to people's emotions. Sharing personal stories can be really effective here because they help readers connect emotionally with your argument. Plus, personal anecdotes can give your essay a unique voice.

Lastly, there's ethos , which is all about building trust and credibility with your audience. The way you write your essay—whether it's serious, funny, or sincere—can affect how readers see you. Using reliable sources and showing empathy can also help establish your credibility. And when you're making claims, it's important to consider what your readers already believe and try to address any doubts they might have.

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How to Write a Persuasive Essay in 7 Steps

Writing a persuasive essay usually follows a structured format: introduction, body, conclusion . Unlike argument essays, which involve discussing and attacking alternate views, persuasive essays aim to convince the reader of your argument's validity. They're a bit more gentle and understanding in tone. To craft a solid persuasive essay, follow the 7 steps in this section. And while you're at it, don't forget to explore our guide on how to write an argumentative essay , too. These two types of assignments are the most common in school and college.

Step 1: Topic Selection and Research

Choosing a good topic is where you start when writing a persuasive essay. Think about things that really interest you and make you feel strongly. But it's not just about what you like; you also need to think about what matters to your readers. Do some digging to learn more about your topic. Look into different parts of it by checking out reliable sources like books, websites, and academic articles.

While you're doing your research, keep an eye out for different opinions and new ideas about your topic. This helps you get ready for arguments against your point of view. It's also important to see if there's enough evidence out there to back up what you believe. Having lots of evidence makes it easier to make a strong case.

For more help on picking a topic, check out our persuasive essay topics .

Step 2: Develop a Strong Thesis Statement

A well-developed thesis statement should be specific, concise, and debatable. Avoid saying things that are too vague or broad, as they won't give your essay a clear direction. Instead, try to come up with a thesis that clearly says what you believe and encourages people to think about it critically.

Make sure your thesis statement is backed up by the evidence you found in your research. Use facts, numbers, or opinions from experts to support what you're saying and make your argument stronger.

Also, think about how your thesis statement fits into your whole persuasive essay. It should not only outline your main argument but also give a hint about why it's important.

Step 3: Create an Outline

An academic persuasive essay outline typically follows the 'classical' structure, which is based on techniques used by ancient Roman rhetoricians. Here are the basic elements your outline should include:

Step 4: Write the Introduction

When writing a persuasive essay introduction, it should not only give background information but also frame it as a problem or issue, known as the exigence. Presenting a clearly defined problem and proposing the thesis as a solution makes for a compelling introduction, as readers naturally want to see problems solved.

Here's a breakdown of an effective persuasive essay introduction:

• Hook : Begin with a brief anecdote that highlights an emerging issue, capturing the reader's attention.
• Context : Provide background information related to the topic.
• Problem : Connect the anecdote with the emerging issue, presenting it as a problem in need of addressing.
• Debate : Mention briefly the existing debate surrounding how to respond to the problem.
• Claim : Conclude the introduction by hinting at how you intend to address the problem, presented in a conversational tone as part of an ongoing dialogue.

Step 5: Delve into Body Paragraphs

The core of a persuasive essay lies in presenting a claim supported by reasoning and evidence. This means that much of the essay's body is dedicated to providing supporting reasons backed by evidence. A common approach taught in schools and colleges is the PEAS formula:

• Point : Start by explaining your reason clearly. For example, 'Another reason why we need to recycle is because...'
• Evidence : After explaining your reason, give proof that supports it. You can mention facts or share what experts say. You might say, ' I saw in a study that.. .' or ' Scientists have found that.. .'
• Analysis : Explain how your proof supports your reason. You can say, ' This means that.. .' or ' This shows us that... '
• Summary/So what? : Finish by quickly summarizing everything you said before. Then, explain why it's important or what it means for your argument.

Step 6: Address Counterarguments

When you're dealing with counterarguments, pick the response strategy that matches your argument.

• If you agree with some points from the counterargument, acknowledge them and explain why they're not important for your topic. 
• If the counterargument uses different evidence, say why it's not trustworthy. 
• If the counterargument looks at evidence in a different way, explain why their understanding is wrong. 
• If the counterargument weakens your point with evidence, explain why it doesn't actually disprove your argument.

Use phrases like these to introduce counterarguments:

• Some researchers say...
• Critics argue that...
• Others might think...
• There's a different view that...

And transition like this from counterargument to response:

• While some of that makes sense, I still believe...
• Even if that's true, it doesn't change the fact that...
• Those points are interesting, but they don't affect my argument because...
• I see where you're coming from, but I can't agree because...

Step 7: Conclude with a Call to Action or a Memorable Closing Statement

A good persuasive conclusion should do two things:

• Summarize the main points of your essay. If it's a longer essay, using phrases like 'I have argued that' can help, but for shorter essays, it might not be needed since the reader will remember the main ideas.
• Address the ' So what? ' or ' Now what? ' challenge. Imagine your reader asking, 'Okay, I'm convinced by your essay, but why are these ideas important? What should I do with them? Do you expect things to change?' Depending on whether your essay aims to change how people think or act, offer brief action points or insights into the implications of your ideas.

Consider ending with an anecdote, fact, or quote that highlights the significance of your argument.

Also, take a look at our guide on how to write a synthesis essay . It's a common type of assignment you'll encounter in school and college.

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Persuasive Essay Examples

Here are great examples of persuasive essays to inspire you. If you like the writing style of our authors, you can buy essay paper from them, who will ensure a high-quality document specifically tailored to your needs!

5 Tips for Writing a Persuasive Essay

Here are some additional tips to enhance your essay from our persuasive essay writing service :

• Start with a Captivating Hook : Grab your reader's attention from the beginning with an engaging hook. Instead of using common approaches like surprising facts or quotes, try incorporating a unique angle or a suspenseful story related to your topic.
• Build Your Credibility : It's crucial to establish your credibility to persuade your audience to trust your argument. In addition to presenting well-researched facts and statistics, share personal experiences or insights to demonstrate your expertise. Citing lesser-known experts or studies can also provide a fresh perspective and show a thorough exploration of the topic.
• Clearly State Your Thesis: Craft a clear and concise thesis statement that effectively addresses the nuances of your argument. Take time to consider the wording of your thesis and how it aligns with your essay's direction. Provide a brief overview of the main points you'll cover to give readers a clear roadmap.
• Use Persuasive Language : Choose words and phrases that evoke emotion and urgency, compelling the reader to take action. Experiment with rhetorical devices like parallelism or repetition to add depth to your argument. Maintain a tone that balances assertiveness with respect.
• Appeal to Emotions and Logic : While emotional appeals can be powerful, support them with solid logic and evidence. Supplement personal anecdotes with relevant data, expert opinions, or logical reasoning for a well-rounded perspective. Anticipate and address potential counterarguments to demonstrate thorough consideration of the issue.

To bring it all together, you now understand the power of persuasion - it teaches you how to express your ideas clearly and convincingly. This means you can speak up for what you believe in, making society more active and informed. These skills are super useful not just in school but also in jobs and everyday life. And, if you want to make things easier, you can always check out our essay service . We'll save you time and give you some extra help with your writing!

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What are the 7 Tips for Persuasive Essays?

How do i make a persuasive essay.

Daniel Parker

is a seasoned educational writer focusing on scholarship guidance, research papers, and various forms of academic essays including reflective and narrative essays. His expertise also extends to detailed case studies. A scholar with a background in English Literature and Education, Daniel’s work on EssayPro blog aims to support students in achieving academic excellence and securing scholarships. His hobbies include reading classic literature and participating in academic forums.

is an expert in nursing and healthcare, with a strong background in history, law, and literature. Holding advanced degrees in nursing and public health, his analytical approach and comprehensive knowledge help students navigate complex topics. On EssayPro blog, Adam provides insightful articles on everything from historical analysis to the intricacies of healthcare policies. In his downtime, he enjoys historical documentaries and volunteering at local clinics.

• Rewrote the whole article except the samples which are good and new, and FAQs section
• Added new writing steps
• Researched new information overall

1. Gladd, J. (2020, August 18). Tips for Writing Academic Persuasive Essays . Pressbooks. https://idaho.pressbooks.pub/write/chapter/structure-of-academic-persuasive-essays/

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10.9 Persuasion

Learning objectives.

• Determine the purpose and structure of persuasion in writing.
• Identify bias in writing.
• Assess various rhetorical devices.
• Distinguish between fact and opinion.
• Understand the importance of visuals to strengthen arguments.
• Write a persuasive essay.

The Purpose of Persuasive Writing

The purpose of persuasion in writing is to convince, motivate, or move readers toward a certain point of view, or opinion. The act of trying to persuade automatically implies more than one opinion on the subject can be argued.

The idea of an argument often conjures up images of two people yelling and screaming in anger. In writing, however, an argument is very different. An argument is a reasoned opinion supported and explained by evidence. To argue in writing is to advance knowledge and ideas in a positive way. Written arguments often fail when they employ ranting rather than reasoning.

Most of us feel inclined to try to win the arguments we engage in. On some level, we all want to be right, and we want others to see the error of their ways. More times than not, however, arguments in which both sides try to win end up producing losers all around. The more productive approach is to persuade your audience to consider your opinion as a valid one, not simply the right one.

The Structure of a Persuasive Essay

The following five features make up the structure of a persuasive essay:

• Introduction and thesis
• Opposing and qualifying ideas
• Strong evidence in support of claim
• Style and tone of language
• A compelling conclusion

Creating an Introduction and Thesis

The persuasive essay begins with an engaging introduction that presents the general topic. The thesis typically appears somewhere in the introduction and states the writer’s point of view.

Avoid forming a thesis based on a negative claim. For example, “The hourly minimum wage is not high enough for the average worker to live on.” This is probably a true statement, but persuasive arguments should make a positive case. That is, the thesis statement should focus on how the hourly minimum wage is low or insufficient.

Acknowledging Opposing Ideas and Limits to Your Argument

Because an argument implies differing points of view on the subject, you must be sure to acknowledge those opposing ideas. Avoiding ideas that conflict with your own gives the reader the impression that you may be uncertain, fearful, or unaware of opposing ideas. Thus it is essential that you not only address counterarguments but also do so respectfully.

Try to address opposing arguments earlier rather than later in your essay. Rhetorically speaking, ordering your positive arguments last allows you to better address ideas that conflict with your own, so you can spend the rest of the essay countering those arguments. This way, you leave your reader thinking about your argument rather than someone else’s. You have the last word.

Acknowledging points of view different from your own also has the effect of fostering more credibility between you and the audience. They know from the outset that you are aware of opposing ideas and that you are not afraid to give them space.

It is also helpful to establish the limits of your argument and what you are trying to accomplish. In effect, you are conceding early on that your argument is not the ultimate authority on a given topic. Such humility can go a long way toward earning credibility and trust with an audience. Audience members will know from the beginning that you are a reasonable writer, and audience members will trust your argument as a result. For example, in the following concessionary statement, the writer advocates for stricter gun control laws, but she admits it will not solve all of our problems with crime:

Although tougher gun control laws are a powerful first step in decreasing violence in our streets, such legislation alone cannot end these problems since guns are not the only problem we face.

Such a concession will be welcome by those who might disagree with this writer’s argument in the first place. To effectively persuade their readers, writers need to be modest in their goals and humble in their approach to get readers to listen to the ideas. See Table 10.5 “Phrases of Concession” for some useful phrases of concession.

Table 10.5 Phrases of Concession

Try to form a thesis for each of the following topics. Remember the more specific your thesis, the better.

• Foreign policy
• Television and advertising
• Stereotypes and prejudice
• Gender roles and the workplace
• Driving and cell phones

Collaboration

Please share with a classmate and compare your answers. Choose the thesis statement that most interests you and discuss why.

Bias in Writing

Everyone has various biases on any number of topics. For example, you might have a bias toward wearing black instead of brightly colored clothes or wearing jeans rather than formal wear. You might have a bias toward working at night rather than in the morning, or working by deadlines rather than getting tasks done in advance. These examples identify minor biases, of course, but they still indicate preferences and opinions.

Handling bias in writing and in daily life can be a useful skill. It will allow you to articulate your own points of view while also defending yourself against unreasonable points of view. The ideal in persuasive writing is to let your reader know your bias, but do not let that bias blind you to the primary components of good argumentation: sound, thoughtful evidence and a respectful and reasonable address of opposing sides.

The strength of a personal bias is that it can motivate you to construct a strong argument. If you are invested in the topic, you are more likely to care about the piece of writing. Similarly, the more you care, the more time and effort you are apt to put forth and the better the final product will be.

The weakness of bias is when the bias begins to take over the essay—when, for example, you neglect opposing ideas, exaggerate your points, or repeatedly insert yourself ahead of the subject by using I too often. Being aware of all three of these pitfalls will help you avoid them.

The Use of I in Writing

The use of I in writing is often a topic of debate, and the acceptance of its usage varies from instructor to instructor. It is difficult to predict the preferences for all your present and future instructors, but consider the effects it can potentially have on your writing.

Be mindful of the use of I in your writing because it can make your argument sound overly biased. There are two primary reasons:

• Excessive repetition of any word will eventually catch the reader’s attention—and usually not in a good way. The use of I is no different.
• The insertion of I into a sentence alters not only the way a sentence might sound but also the composition of the sentence itself. I is often the subject of a sentence. If the subject of the essay is supposed to be, say, smoking, then by inserting yourself into the sentence, you are effectively displacing the subject of the essay into a secondary position. In the following example, the subject of the sentence is underlined:

Smoking is bad.

I think smoking is bad.

In the first sentence, the rightful subject, smoking , is in the subject position in the sentence. In the second sentence, the insertion of I and think replaces smoking as the subject, which draws attention to I and away from the topic that is supposed to be discussed. Remember to keep the message (the subject) and the messenger (the writer) separate.

Developing Sound Arguments

Does my essay contain the following elements?

• An engaging introduction
• A reasonable, specific thesis that is able to be supported by evidence
• A varied range of evidence from credible sources
• Respectful acknowledgement and explanation of opposing ideas
• A style and tone of language that is appropriate for the subject and audience
• Acknowledgement of the argument’s limits
• A conclusion that will adequately summarize the essay and reinforce the thesis

Fact and Opinion

Facts are statements that can be definitely proven using objective data. The statement that is a fact is absolutely valid. In other words, the statement can be pronounced as true or false. For example, 2 + 2 = 4. This expression identifies a true statement, or a fact, because it can be proved with objective data.

Opinions are personal views, or judgments. An opinion is what an individual believes about a particular subject. However, an opinion in argumentation must have legitimate backing; adequate evidence and credibility should support the opinion. Consider the credibility of expert opinions. Experts in a given field have the knowledge and credentials to make their opinion meaningful to a larger audience.

For example, you seek the opinion of your dentist when it comes to the health of your gums, and you seek the opinion of your mechanic when it comes to the maintenance of your car. Both have knowledge and credentials in those respective fields, which is why their opinions matter to you. But the authority of your dentist may be greatly diminished should he or she offer an opinion about your car, and vice versa.

In writing, you want to strike a balance between credible facts and authoritative opinions. Relying on one or the other will likely lose more of your audience than it gains.

The word prove is frequently used in the discussion of persuasive writing. Writers may claim that one piece of evidence or another proves the argument, but proving an argument is often not possible. No evidence proves a debatable topic one way or the other; that is why the topic is debatable. Facts can be proved, but opinions can only be supported, explained, and persuaded.

On a separate sheet of paper, take three of the theses you formed in Note 10.94 “Exercise 1” , and list the types of evidence you might use in support of that thesis.

Using the evidence you provided in support of the three theses in Note 10.100 “Exercise 2” , come up with at least one counterargument to each. Then write a concession statement, expressing the limits to each of your three arguments.

Using Visual Elements to Strengthen Arguments

Adding visual elements to a persuasive argument can often strengthen its persuasive effect. There are two main types of visual elements: quantitative visuals and qualitative visuals.

Quantitative visuals present data graphically. They allow the audience to see statistics spatially. The purpose of using quantitative visuals is to make logical appeals to the audience. For example, sometimes it is easier to understand the disparity in certain statistics if you can see how the disparity looks graphically. Bar graphs, pie charts, Venn diagrams, histograms, and line graphs are all ways of presenting quantitative data in spatial dimensions.

Qualitative visuals present images that appeal to the audience’s emotions. Photographs and pictorial images are examples of qualitative visuals. Such images often try to convey a story, and seeing an actual example can carry more power than hearing or reading about the example. For example, one image of a child suffering from malnutrition will likely have more of an emotional impact than pages dedicated to describing that same condition in writing.

Writing at Work

When making a business presentation, you typically have limited time to get across your idea. Providing visual elements for your audience can be an effective timesaving tool. Quantitative visuals in business presentations serve the same purpose as they do in persuasive writing. They should make logical appeals by showing numerical data in a spatial design. Quantitative visuals should be pictures that might appeal to your audience’s emotions. You will find that many of the rhetorical devices used in writing are the same ones used in the workplace. For more information about visuals in presentations, see Chapter 14 “Creating Presentations: Sharing Your Ideas” .

Writing a Persuasive Essay

Choose a topic that you feel passionate about. If your instructor requires you to write about a specific topic, approach the subject from an angle that interests you. Begin your essay with an engaging introduction. Your thesis should typically appear somewhere in your introduction.

Start by acknowledging and explaining points of view that may conflict with your own to build credibility and trust with your audience. Also state the limits of your argument. This too helps you sound more reasonable and honest to those who may naturally be inclined to disagree with your view. By respectfully acknowledging opposing arguments and conceding limitations to your own view, you set a measured and responsible tone for the essay.

Make your appeals in support of your thesis by using sound, credible evidence. Use a balance of facts and opinions from a wide range of sources, such as scientific studies, expert testimony, statistics, and personal anecdotes. Each piece of evidence should be fully explained and clearly stated.

Make sure that your style and tone are appropriate for your subject and audience. Tailor your language and word choice to these two factors, while still being true to your own voice.

Finally, write a conclusion that effectively summarizes the main argument and reinforces your thesis. See Chapter 15 “Readings: Examples of Essays” to read a sample persuasive essay.

Choose one of the topics you have been working on throughout this section. Use the thesis, evidence, opposing argument, and concessionary statement as the basis for writing a full persuasive essay. Be sure to include an engaging introduction, clear explanations of all the evidence you present, and a strong conclusion.

Key Takeaways

• The purpose of persuasion in writing is to convince or move readers toward a certain point of view, or opinion.
• An argument is a reasoned opinion supported and explained by evidence. To argue, in writing, is to advance knowledge and ideas in a positive way.
• A thesis that expresses the opinion of the writer in more specific terms is better than one that is vague.
• It is essential that you not only address counterarguments but also do so respectfully.
• It is also helpful to establish the limits of your argument and what you are trying to accomplish through a concession statement.
• To persuade a skeptical audience, you will need to use a wide range of evidence. Scientific studies, opinions from experts, historical precedent, statistics, personal anecdotes, and current events are all types of evidence that you might use in explaining your point.
• Make sure that your word choice and writing style is appropriate for both your subject and your audience.
• You should let your reader know your bias, but do not let that bias blind you to the primary components of good argumentation: sound, thoughtful evidence and respectfully and reasonably addressing opposing ideas.
• You should be mindful of the use of I in your writing because it can make your argument sound more biased than it needs to.
• Facts are statements that can be proven using objective data.
• Opinions are personal views, or judgments, that cannot be proven.
• In writing, you want to strike a balance between credible facts and authoritative opinions.
• Quantitative visuals present data graphically. The purpose of using quantitative visuals is to make logical appeals to the audience.
• Qualitative visuals present images that appeal to the audience’s emotions.

Writing for Success Copyright © 2015 by University of Minnesota is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License , except where otherwise noted.

• Literary Terms

Persuasive Essay

I. what is a persuasive essay.

A persuasive essay takes a point of view on an issue and tries to convince the audience to agree with the stated point of view. The contents of the essay include evidence and arguments ; it also may try to reach the audience’s emotions in order to make them think with their heart as well as their mind.

II. Examples of persuasive essays

• Dogs are better pets than cats
• Why the school day should start later
• Why you should support a political candidate
• People should not eat meat
• Soccer is better than basketball
• Don’t eat junk food

III. Types of persuasive essays with topics

No matter what type of persuasive essay you choose to write, the goal is always to convince your audience to agree with your opinion. Opinions come in one of three types:

a. One side is better than another

In this type of essay, there are several points of view about a topic. The writer’s goal is to persuade the audience to choose one side over the other(s).

Example: “Basketball is better than baseball.”

In this essay, the writer is choosing the side of ‘basketball’ over ‘baseball’. The essay would persuade the audience to agree by introducing evidence to support their side. For instance, the writer could talk about the higher scoring and faster pace of basketball, and the fact that baseball is affected by the weather while basketball is not.

b. People should support, believe, or do something

In this type of persuasive essay, the writer wants the audience to say ‘yes’ or agree to something – an idea, opinion, or action.

Example: “The school day should start later.”

The author of this essay wants the audience to support the idea of a later start to the school day. The essay would include evidence like a study that shows that teenagers need to sleep longer than adults to persuade people to agree. It may also bring up the emotions of the students (who would be glad to be allowed to sleep later) in order to convince the audience to support a later start to the school day.

c. People should oppose, reject, or avoid something

This type of persuasive essay is used when the writer wants the audience to say ‘no’ or disagree with something – and idea, opinion, or action.

Example : “Vote ‘no’ on the proposal for a new highway”

The author of this essay opposes the town’s plans to allow a new highway to be built nearby. In order to get the audience to also oppose the plan, the author would present evidence about why the highway is a bad idea. For instance, a highway would increase noise and pollution, as well as damage to the local wildlife. This essay might also bring up fears of increased taxes to pay for the highway in order to emotionally persuade people to oppose the highway proposal.

IV. Parts of a persuasive essay

a. Topic: A persuasive essay must state the topic clearly so that the audience knows what the focus is. The author should also express the importance of the topic to show why the audience should care.

• Which animal makes the best pet
• Whether or not to support plans for the new highway
• Should people ride bicycles without a helmet
• How should we raise money for our project

b. Stance: The stance of a persuasive essay is the side of the issue that the author supports. The stance should be stated strongly and clearly so that there is no doubt what the author’s stance is.

• Dogs make the best pets
• The new highway is a terrible idea
• Helmet laws are unnecessary
• A bake sale is our best way to raise money

c. Claim : A claim is a statement that the author believes. Most persuasive essays include between two and four claims.

• Dogs are easier to train than a cat or bird
• Highway construction will damage our wetlands
• It is hard to enforce a helmet law
• Everyone loves homemade brownies

d. Support : Support is the evidence used to prove the author’s claim. The support should be based on solid facts, but may also include emotional factors to convince the readers to accept the claim. Each claim made in the essay must be accompanied by its own support.

• The average dog knows between six and ten commands. The average cat knows only one.
• How sad it would be if our ducks and herons have nowhere to build their nests
• The cost of making five dozen baked goods is around $12. If we sell them for 50₵ each, we can make $18 profit.

e. Conclusion : Persuasive essays should end with a powerful conclusion. The conclusion should summarize the author’s claims, and also encourage the audience to agree with the opinions that the essay presents.

• It is clear that dogs are cleaner, friendlier, and easier to train than any other pet. By now you must agree with me that dogs make the best pets.
• The proposal for a new highway must be opposed. Otherwise we will face higher taxes, too much noise, and the loss of our beautiful wildlife. Join me in voting ‘no’ on the proposal.

V. How to write a persuasive essay

1. choose a topic you care about.

If you are not passionate about the topic, you will have a very difficult time getting your audience to care about it.

2. Take a clear stance

A persuasive essay is not about being ‘fair’ or giving every point of view equal time.

If you want to argue that dogs are the best pets, you do not have to give any reasons why cats can also be good pets.

3. Do your research

Every claim you make must be supported. Read about your chosen topic so that you can find the most useful facts.

A persuasive essay wants to convince the audience that dogs are better pets than cats. The essay makes the claim that “dogs are more friendly and sociable than cats.” This claim needs to be backed up with factual evidence.

4. Know your audience

Different people will be persuaded by different claims. Focus on claims and supports that your audience care about the most.

In the case of opposing the new highway proposal, a persuasive essay delivered to the local business owners would focus on different claims than an essay delivered to the local hikers or fishing club. Business owners would be persuaded by a claim that construction would shut down the roads and hurt local businesses. A claim that the highway would damage natural habitats would be successful with the hikers or fishing club.

5. Understand the power of emotion

Every persuasive essay must use facts to support its claims – if you have no facts to support your point of view, you won’t persuade anyone to agree with you. However, people also listen to their emotions, so use that fact to help persuade your audience. If you have an opportunity to show your audience how happy they will be if they agree with you – do it! If you can show them how disappointed they will be if they don’t side with you – then do it! A combination of facts and emotions makes for the strongest persuasive essay.

An essay against the new highway proposal may use emotional arguments such as:

• Imagine how sad local business owners will be when they have so few customers.
• Local birds will be terrified when machines come and destroy the trees holding their nests.
• People who come to town to fish or hike will be very disappointed to see a bunch of asphalt instead of our beautiful natural environment.

List of Terms

• Alliteration
• Amplification
• Anachronism
• Anthropomorphism
• Antonomasia
• APA Citation
• Aposiopesis
• Autobiography
• Bildungsroman
• Characterization
• Circumlocution
• Cliffhanger
• Comic Relief
• Connotation
• Deus ex machina
• Deuteragonist
• Doppelganger
• Double Entendre
• Dramatic irony
• Equivocation
• Extended Metaphor
• Figures of Speech
• Flash-forward
• Foreshadowing
• Intertextuality
• Juxtaposition
• Literary Device
• Malapropism
• Onomatopoeia
• Parallelism
• Pathetic Fallacy
• Personification
• Point of View
• Polysyndeton
• Protagonist
• Red Herring
• Rhetorical Device
• Rhetorical Question
• Science Fiction
• Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
• Synesthesia
• Turning Point
• Understatement
• Urban Legend
• Verisimilitude
• Essay Guide
• Cite This Website

Persuasive Essay: Student Guidelines for A+ Paper

• Icon Calendar 4 September 2024
• Icon Page 4888 words
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Students use reasons to demonstrate a real validity of controversial ideas when writing a persuasive essay. Basically, argumentative compositions encourage readers to accept a specific stand on a current issue. Convincing papers persuade persons who read to change their thoughts and ideas. In writing, students rely on brainstorming, researching, structuring an entire work in different sections, and proofreading. Moreover, 10 steps on how to write a persuasive essay improve an overall quality, credibility, and applicability of papers. Firstly, preparing several drafts aligns arguments with discussed ideas. Then, meeting rubrics improves overall outcomes during rewriting. However, peer review remains an essential step toward writing better papers. In turn, additional tips cover a persuasive introduction, unbiased opinions, and adequate details, as well as recomendations on what to include and what to avoid in organizing documents. Besides, conclusions show that such compositions must provide sufficient support for debatable topics.

General Aspects

Nowadays, essay writing is a typical task for all students, and learners at various levels of education commonly organize persuasive essays. Basically, they master their skills as a means of providing an opinion on different topics. As such, students develop their arguments to persuade their intended audiences. In this case, an in-depth discussion concerning persuasive writing focuses on its definition, type, and format, as wells as supporting evidence and rebuttal sections. Further on, such compositions must express one’s opinion clearly, while proper knowledge of how to write a persuasive essay can help learners to encourage readers to accept a specific viewpoint. Moreover, such writing skills demonstrate one’s creativity and ability to communicate strong emotions, covering brainstorming, researching, structuring, and proofreading methods. Besides, compelling compositions include a personal connection to a chosen topic. In turn, convincing introductions should contain a summary of main points, opposing ideas, and rebuttals. Successful students include a strong thesis statement to express main arguments provided in their essays. As a result, this article on how to write a persuasive essay still helps to organize persuasive papers correctly.

What Is a Persuasive Essay and Its Purpose

According to its definition, a persuasive essay is a type and form of writing that aims to convince a reader to accept a particular point of view or take a specific action. For example, the main purpose of writing a persuasive essay is not merely to inform or explain but to influence reader’s thoughts or behaviors by presenting a compelling case (Guillain, 2021). In writing, this format of paper is built on strong arguments, evidence, and emotional appeals to persuade an intended audience of an author’s position. Further on, authors achieve this objective by clearly stating their thesis, supporting a central claim with facts, logical reasoning, and examples, and addressing counterarguments to strengthen their stances (Hackett, 2021). Basically, such a composition seeks to sway a target audience’s opinion or motivate them to act in favor of an author’s argument, making it a powerful tool in discussions, debates, and any context where convincing others is essential. Moreover, through careful argumentation and strategic use of language, these papers change people’s minds and drive action (Hackett, 2021). In terms of pages and words, the length of a persuasive essay depends on academic levels, assignment instructions, and fields of study, while general writing guidelines are:

High School

• Length: 1-2 pages
• Word Count: 250-500 words

College (Undergraduate)

• Length: 2-5 pages
• Word Count: 500-1,250 words

University (Advanced Undergraduate)

• Length: 3-8 pages
• Word Count: 750-2,000 words

Master’s Level

• Length: 4-10 pages
• Word Count: 1,000-2,500 words

Ph.D. Level

• Length: 5-12+ pages
• Word Count: 1,250-3,000+ words

Defining Features

Persuasive essays mean a specific type of academic paper. For example, the main aim of writing a this type of composition is to convince readers that a particular opinion is correct, and students should support their topics using valid arguments and making a claim, striving to show their audiences that it is reasonable (Guillain, 2021). Moreover, persuasive writing requires learners to explain their positions in an organized manner. It not only addresses all relevant perspectives but also demonstrates a superiority of an author’s point of view. In turn, an entire development of a persuasive argument requires an unbiased approach to a particular topic (Hackett, 2021). It is because authors provide not only a complete argument but also a comprehensive discussion. Therefore, a persuasive essay can be defined as a piece of writing that works to coerce an intended audience to accept a given position concerning a controversial topic.

Persuasive essays use reasons to demonstrate a validity of ideas. For instance, a key importance of writing persuasive essays is to encourage readers to accept a particular viewpoint (Humble, 2024). In writing, these compositions must convince people who read to act in a specific way. Basically, a principal hypothesis in such papers relies on a value or a policy:

• approval of specific values or standards;
• disapproval of specific subjects;
• a call for an adoption of a change in beliefs or policies.

Students debate an issue that affects them, society, or country since they know how to write a persuasive essay. For example, outstanding compositions contain a definition of an item and show both sides of an argument (Guillain, 2021). Moreover, writing a good persuasive essay means taking a clear stand on a specific problem, considering a third person, and following formal language for discussion.

When to Use

A persuasive essay is used to advance an individual’s opinion to a target audience through evidence-based writing, which persuades readers of its objectivity. For example, the 5 basic steps in writing a persuasive essay are choosing a position, researching and gathering evidence, outlining a paper, organizing a draft, and revising for clarity and impact (Hackett, 2021). In particular, there are two main sections in a body of such a paper: supporting evidence and rebuttal. Each of these sections plays a vital role in convincing an intended audience of a validity of an argument. Thus, this type of essay is essential because it prepares young minds for a development of sophisticated objective arguments that contribute positively to academia.

Evidence Section

A segment of a body in a persuasive essay is designed to discuss evidence supporting an author’s main argument. For example, a significant portion of body paragraphs contains evidence from experts acquired during research on an issue (Corneille et al., 2023). In this case, a crucial aspect of a persuasive speech is a provision of facts that have been established through studies with irreproachable methodologies. Moreover, detailed explanations must support the evidence. In writing, these aspects demonstrate logical reasoning and a clear link to a thesis statement. Hence, a particular choice of evidence used to support an author’s central claim has a significant impact on an essay’s overall persuasion effect.

Rebuttal Part

Students include a rebuttal section within a body of a persuasive essay. In particular, this section is equally important because it allows authors to explain some flaws of other competing lines of thought. For example, a rebuttal portion of a persuasive essay contributes to a coercion effect (Humble, 2024). Moreover, it shows an audience that authors have considered alternative opinions and found them to be deficient. Hence, an effective essay must display a high level of objectivity in identifying potential shortcomings of opposing opinions.

Other Features

Persuasive essays are a stepping stone toward objective scientific arguments. For example, a consistent practice of skills in a persuasive essay develops an ability to argue objectively by integrating reasons, evidence, and logic (Guillain, 2021). In this case, objective arguments are a valid foundation of a scientific language of disagreement, which is independent of personal biases. Consequently, such works prepare learners for participation in an academic sphere through an entire contribution of new arguments or refuting existing arguments.

Note: Some writing sections of a persuasive essay can be added, deleted, or combined with each other, depending on specific courses, instructor requirements, and complexities of topics. For example, a standard persuasive essay format is a structured outline that organizes a paper into key sections — introduction, body paragraphs, counterarguments, refutations, and conclusion — ensuring a clear and logical presentation of a central claim (Humble, 2024). Basically, persuasive writing is a type and form of writing that aims to convince other people to accept a particular viewpoint or take a specific action through logical arguments, emotional appeals, and credible evidence. Further on, a persuasive definition form is a rhetorical strategy where a word or concept is redefined in a way that supports a person’s argument or viewpoint (Guillain, 2021). In this case, an example of persuasive writing is a newspaper editorial arguing for stricter environmental regulations to combat climate change. Moreover, different types of persuasive writing include advertisements, opinion editorials, political speeches, argumentative papers, and product reviews (Hackett, 2021). In turn, a rebuttal is a response that refutes or counters an opposing argument or claim in a debate or discussion. As such, writing persuasive essays is important because this activity develops critical thinking, effective communication skills, and an ability to influence other people through logical reasoning and evidence-based arguments (Crossley et al., 2022). Finally, to start a persuasive essay, people begin with a compelling hook that grabs a reader’s attention, followed by background information on a chosen topic and a clear thesis statement outlining a main argument.

Persuasive essays express one’s opinion clearly. For example, the 5 principal tips for persuasive essays are to start with a strong thesis, use solid evidence, address counterarguments, employ persuasive language, and conclude with a compelling call to action (Hackett, 2021). Therefore, the following points are essential in preparing persuasive essays:

• stating a specific problem, opinion, and solution clearly;
• including sufficient evidence and details to support opinions;
• presenting and summarizing essential issues in introduction and conclusion parts.

Persuasive essays demonstrate one’s creativity and express strong emotions. For example, these compositions contain logical and reasonable ideas organized in a specific sequence (Humble, 2024). Besides, students must connect ideas with covered opinions. In turn, the following points are essential for demonstrating higher thinking abilities:

• supporting ideas with details and reasons;
• presenting personal reasons for supporting arguments;
• demonstrating a high level of understanding of essential concepts from secondary sources.

Communication

Persuasive essays rely on explicit expressions and logical organization of ideas. For example, a good persuasive essay effectively combines a clear and compelling thesis, strong evidence, logical reasoning, and argumentative language to convincingly argue a specific point of view (Guillain, 2021). As such, one must:

• present opinions clearly;
• demonstrate formal voice, style, and tone;
• use correct spelling, grammar, and punctuation;
• implement fluent sentences and paragraphs when organizing arguments or ideas.

Application

If students understand how to write a persuasive essay, they include personal connections to their topics. Basically, examples of persuasive essays include argumentative papers on climate change, opinion pieces advocating for policy reform, and speeches encouraging community action (Hackett, 2021). Moreover, students must:

• use information from external sources to support opinions;
• demonstrate an understanding of an actual importance of a presented topic.

Steps on How to Write a Good Persuasive Essay

Step 1: Brainstorming

Students brainstorm to generate ideas that support assigned themes. For example, a persuasive essay is a type and form of writing that aims to convince a reader to accept a particular viewpoint or take action, using examples, such as argumentative papers on social issues, opinion editorials, and speeches advocating for change (Humble, 2024). In this case, students can use several ways of creating necessary concepts for supporting their topics:

• Free writing – One writes quickly without stopping, editing, and self-correcting. An entire process makes students aware of what they already know, think, and feel about essay topics.
• Subject Tree – Scholars must note down related ideas and connect them with a main topic. For example, students use a tree structure to organize thoughts that support main ideas presented.
• List – This process involves listing ideas that support a topic.
• Clustering – Such a step involves drawing a circle that contains a main topic. Basically, people list other ideas related to a concept on the ring’s sides.
• Outline – Learners create a composition framework, which includes main points. In turn, this process consists of breaking down a main topic into sub-points.  

Examples of prompts:

• Reimagining the Role of Technology in Enhancing Sports Performance
• Childhood Vaccinations and Their Importance in Society
• Exploring the Impact of Climate Change on Global Health
• Revolutionizing Patient Care Through Telemedicine
• Addressing Gender Inequality in Sports: The Path Forward
• Digital Learning Platforms Versus Traditional Classroom Teaching
• Overcoming Gender Stereotypes in Sports
• Increasing Renewable Energy Usage Can Combat Climate Change
• School Cafeterias Should Serve Healthier Options
• Social Media Platforms Must Enforce Anti-Bullying Policies
• Television Advertising Targeted at Children Should Be Restricted
• Higher Education Should Be Affordable for All
• Public Transportation Systems Need Major Upgrades
• Remote Work Benefits Both Employees and Employers
• Community Service Should Be Integrated into High School Curriculums
• Exercise Should Be a Daily Requirement in Schools
• Technology in Classrooms Enhances Learning Experiences
• Arts Funding is Crucial for Cultural Development
• Organic Farming Should Be Encouraged Over Conventional Methods
• Governments Must Act Swiftly on Cybersecurity Threats
• Animal Adoption Should Be Promoted Over Buying Pets
• Reducing Plastic Use Can Save Marine Life
• Mental Health Resources Need More Funding
• Space Exploration Advances Scientific Knowledge
• Public Speaking Skills Should Be Taught Early
• Food Waste Needs to Be Minimized in Households
• Tax Incentives for Green Buildings Benefit Communities

Step 2: Researching

Researching involves gathering information from libraries or other credible sources. For example, students may use the Internet as a suitable source of credible information (Guillain, 2021). In turn, acceptable sources include reference works, books, and scholarly articles. However, people should observe the following points:

• assessing a site for timeliness and reputability;
• considering a website’s purpose;
• evaluating a website’s reliability and an author’s credibility;
• gathering all the source information and covering credentials during citing;
• avoiding all forms of plagiarism during writing.

Step 3. Developing a Thesis Statement

A thesis statement links ideas presented in an entire composition. For example, to write a persuasive essay, people clearly state their position in a thesis, support this stance with logical arguments and evidence, address counterarguments, refute them, and conclude with a strong summary and call to action (Hackett, 2021). In writing, a strong thesis statement contains a claim and supporting details. As such, effective thesis statements:

• make an assertion and take a stance;
• generalize information;
• do not include facts;
• contain debatable information;
• appear as a last sentence in an introduction paragraph.

Supporting details reinforce and sustain a main argument. In particular, different organizational methods for writing a persuasive essay make academic papers compelling. For example, scholars use problem-solution, cause-effect, and statement-of-reason organization writing techniques (Humble, 2024). Moreover, strong thesis statements combine claims and supporting details in one sentence. In turn, one may change a composition’s direction based on a chosen pattern for organizing the evidence. In turn, some examples of sentence starters for beginning a persuasive essay are:

• As a modern world continues to develop and change, a controversial issue of [topic] has emerged as a significant challenge that cannot be overlooked, demanding both attention and action.
• In recent years, [topic] has sparked widespread debate, and it has become increasingly clear that addressing this critical issue is important for a well-being of society.
• In a future where [negative scenario related to a topic], this world will be not only a hypothetical situation but also a reality if people fail to confront [topic] today.
• Throughout history, [topic] has played a pivotal role in shaping a human world, and, now, it is imperative that people recognize its impact and take decisive action.
• A growing concern surrounding [topic] can result in adverse consequences due to inaction that can have long-lasting implications for [specific group or society as a whole].
• While some individuals may dismiss a real importance of [topic], the evidence suggests otherwise, revealing that this issue is directly connected to a future of [related field or issue].
• In a world where [related issue] dominates headlines, it is easy to overlook [topic], yet doing so would be a grave mistake.
• Although there are differing opinions on [topic], a closer examination reveals that key benefits of addressing this issue far outweigh any potential drawbacks.
• As people continue to face unprecedented challenges in [related field], a principal role of [topic] has become increasingly critical, making it essential for them to take a stand.
• It is often said that [common saying related to a topic], and, when it comes to [topic], this passage rings especially true, highlighting an urgent need for a thoughtful and deliberate response.

Step 4: Writing a Good Introduction

An introduction section contains a composition’s most general information. For example, to write a strong introduction in a persuasive essay, people begin with a hook to grab attention, provide background on a chosen topic, and end with a clear thesis statement that outlines their main argument (Guillain, 2021). Basically, they set a paper’s road map in an opening paragraph. In turn, important points include:

• Definition – An introduction paragraph identifies, defines, and describes presented topics. In writing, students describe main ideas of their papers.
• Relevance – A first section shows an importance, concept, and theme of a composition. Compelling opening paragraphs explain how a given theme impacts society.
• Thesis Statement – Students put athesis statement as a last sentence in a composition.

Step 5. Writing Body Paragraphs

A body section contains adequate details that support main arguments. For example, compelling papers address each supporting aspect in a separate and fully developed section (Hackett, 2021). Moreover, including necessary evidence leads to compelling papers. In this case, argumentative works include:

• topic sentence in every paragraph;
• topic sentence that summarizes supporting details;
• every paragraph supports a single idea.

Step 6: Writing Opposing Arguments

Persuasive essays provide opposing views. For example, students state and explain different concepts in their texts (Humble, 2024). As a result, specific approaches show how a person with conflicting thoughts may clash with main arguments.

Step 7: Writing Rebuttal Claims

People must provide an application that opposes counterclaims. For example, to write a rebuttal paragraph, people acknowledge an opposing argument, refute it with evidence, reasoning, and explanation, and reinforce a strength of their original position (Guillain, 2021). In writing, effective rebuttals show some weaknesses in contrasting arguments. Sometimes, one may agree with some concepts in refutations. Moreover, compelling compositions indicate student’s thoughts on potential contradictions.   

Step 8: Writing a Conclusion

A conclusion section closes a persuasive essay. For example, scholars rewrite a thesis statement and reword it differently (Hackett, 2021). Basically, closing paragraphs reiterate and summarize main points of compositions. In writing, students should observe the following points:

• Relevance – Conclusions repeat an importance of a topic;
• Review – Closing elements reiterates key points discussed in a body part;
• Summary – A last item in a persuasive essay recaps main points.

Step 9: Rewriting

Students should rewrite first drafts and effect necessary changes that make final papers readable. For example, a standard structure of a persuasive essay includes an introduction paragraph with a thesis statement sentence, body paragraphs presenting arguments and evidence, a section addressing counterarguments, and a conclusion paragraph that reinforces a central claim and calls to action (Humble, 2024). Basically, scholars follow the following points:

• Learners rewrite first drafts and incorporate appropriate modifications. In this case, an entire process makes papers suitable for a target audience.
• Rewriting papers several times ensures compositions meet a required standard on how to write a persuasive essay correctly.
• Rubrics play an essential role in determining an overall effectiveness of achieving significant concepts in essays. 
• Second and subsequent drafts ensure papers meet required academic and writing standards.

Step 10: Proofreading and Editing

Proofreading papers comes as a last step on how to write a persuasive essay, determining an overall quality. In particular, students read essays several times and identifies significant ideas. For example, primary goals include identifying common grammatical mistakes and other syntax errors (Guillain, 2021). In this case, identifying spelling mistakes that lower a paper’s quality leads to better outcomes from readers. Other important concepts include a removal of grammatical errors that may affect an overall readability of a persuasive essay.

Asking for a Peer Review

Peers play a significant role when proofreading written works. Basically, authors of documents should ask scholars to read written essays for identifying hidden mistakes. For example, an analysis of essays improves an overall outcomes of a target audience (Ciullo et al., 2019). Furthermore, peer evaluation enhances a logical flow of information in a whole composition. In turn, embracing peers for proofreading or editing written works improves an overall quality.  

Complete Persuasive Essay Example

What to include, recommendations.

Introduction

Persuasive essays contain compelling opening paragraphs, leading to a good relevance and readability of papers. For example, to make a persuasive essay, people start with a clear thesis, support a central claim with strong evidence and logical arguments, address counterarguments, and conclude with a compelling summary and call to action (Hackett, 2021). Basically, if scholars are familiar with basic rules for writing a correct persuasive essay, they provide a summary of main points, opposing ideas, and rebuttals. In turn, successful authors include a strong thesis statement to express their main arguments. Besides, a debatable thesis statement works best for persuasive essays.  

Outstanding students provide compelling ideas for supporting core arguments. For example, the 7 tips for persuasive essays are to craft a strong thesis, research thoroughly, know a target audience, use argumentative language, address counterarguments, organize logically, and conclude with impact (Humble, 2024). In writing, unbiased views and judgments influence reader’s thoughts on a specific topic. Moreover, well-developed arguments enhance an overall quality of essays.  

Good authors present adequate information that supports their main arguments, counterarguments, and refutations. Basically, some examples of persuasive essays include a student’s paper arguing for school uniform policies, an editorial promoting renewable energy adoption, and an article advocating for animal rights legislation (Guillain, 2021). As such, real-life examples make a persuasive essay compelling and useful. 

Common Mistakes

• Lack of a Clear Thesis Statement: Without writing a strong, specific thesis, a persuasive essay lacks direction and focus.
• Weak or Insufficient Evidence: Failing to provide strong supporting evidence undermines an overall credibility of a central argument.
• Ignoring Counterarguments: Not addressing opposing views weakens an argument by making writing appear one-sided.
• Over-Reliance on Emotional Appeals: Using too much emotion without factual support can make an argument less convincing.
• Vague or General Statements: Broad, unclear statements fail to persuade because they lack specificity and precision.
• Inconsistent Argumentation: Jumping between unrelated points can confuse readers and dilute an overall argument.
• Poor Organization and Structure: Disorganized writing makes it difficult for readers to follow and understand an argument.
• Using Weak or Passive Language: Passive or weak phrasing reduces a real impact and persuasiveness of an argument.
• Failing to Revise and Proofread: Errors in writing, grammar, spelling, and punctuation can distract from a message and reduce credibility.
• Overuse of Jargon or Complex Language: Using too much technical language or complicated terms can alienate readers and obscure an argument.

Persuasive essays use reasons when demonstrating an overall validity of controversial ideas. Basically, the 5 main parts of a persuasive essay are an introduction, thesis statement sentence, body paragraphs with supporting arguments, counterarguments with refutation, and conclusion. In writing, learners use these compositions to encourage readers to accept a specific viewpoint. Further on, compelling papers convince persons who read to act in a particular way. Moreover, students rely on brainstorming, researching, structuring an entire work in different sections, and proofreading a final document. In turn, basic 10 steps on how to write such an essay improve an overall quality, credibility, and applicability of an entire paper. Firstly, preparing several drafts aligns arguments with ideas. Secondly, rubrics improve overall outcomes during rewriting. Thirdly, peer reviewing remains an essential step toward writing better papers. Finally, additional tips include using a persuasive introduction, unbiased opinions, and adequate details.

Ciullo, S., Mason, L. H., & Judd, L. (2019). Persuasive quick-writing about text: Intervention for students with learning disabilities. Behavior Modification , 45 (1), 122–146. https://doi.org/10.1177/0145445519882894

Corneille, O., Havemann, J., Henderson, E. L., IJzerman, H., Hussey, I., Orban de Xivry, J.-J., Jussim, L., Holmes, N. P., Pilacinski, A., Beffara, B., Carroll, H., Outa, N. O., Lush, P., & Lotter, L. D. (2023). Beware ‘persuasive communication devices’ when writing and reading scientific articles. eLife , 12 , 1–6. https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.88654

Crossley, S. A., Baffour, P., Tian, Y., Picou, A., Benner, M., & Boser, U. (2022). The persuasive essays for rating, selecting, and understanding argumentative and discourse elements (persuade) corpus 1.0. Assessing Writing , 54 , 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asw.2022.100667

Guillain, C. (2021). What is persuasive writing. Heinemann Raintree.

Hackett, U. (2021). Brilliant essays . Red Globe Press.

Humble, R. K. (2024). The humble argument: A readable introduction to argument and the college essay . Chemeketa Press.

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What Is a Persuasive Essay?

Posted by 11trees | Types of Writing

A persuasive essay explains a specific topic and attempts to persuade the audience that your point of view is the most informed, logical and valid perspective on the topic. This genre is also known as the argumentative essay.

While an expository essay written for an exam or a standardized test may have a persuasive element, most persuasive or argumentative essays are written out of class and require extensive research. The research may include several kinds of sources:

• Articles from high-quality non-scholarly magazines or journals (for example, The Atlantic, Harpers, Scientific American, etc.)
• Scholarly or non-scholarly books
• Scholarly or technical journal articles
• Government agency websites
• Statistical analysis
• Interviews with experts

Persuasive essays use such research both to educate the audience about the topic and to supply evidence supporting the writer’s opinions.

The main goal of an argumentative paper is to persuade your audience that your view is among the most compelling opinions on the topic. You should attempt to persuade even those who start out strongly disagreeing with you. To do that, you need to show that you’re very well-informed about your topic.

What Are the Elements of a Persuasive Essay?

A persuasive essay does have certain baseline requirements that are standard in nearly every essay type:

• A clear thesis or controlling idea that establishes and sustains your focus.
• An opening paragraph that introduces the thesis.
• Body paragraphs that use specific research evidence to illustrate your informative or argumentative points.
• Smooth transitions that connect the ideas of adjoining paragraphs in specific, interesting ways.
• Use of counterarguments to summarize and refute opposing positions.
• A conclusion that emphasizes your central idea without being repetitive.

How Do You Write a Persuasive Essay?

One common formula for the persuasive paper is the 5-Paragraph Essay. If you don’t have much experience with essay writing, this is a good method to start with, since it’s basic and straightforward. The 5-Paragraph Essay incorporates the elements listed above in the following basic structure:

• Introductory paragraph with a clear, concise thesis.
• Three body paragraphs that offer evidence and analysis connecting that evidence to the thesis.
• A concluding paragraph that sums up the paper by reevaluating the thesis in light of the evidence discussed in the essay’s body.

While the 5-paragraph structure gives you a helpful formula to work with, it’s only one among many valid options, and its suitability will depend on other factors like the length and complexity of your essay. If you’re writing a paper that’s more than 3 or 4 pages long, it should be more than 5 paragraphs. In most cases, the structure of a longer essay will be similar to that of the 5-paragraph essay, with an introduction, a conclusion and body paragraphs performing the same basic functions—only the number of body paragraphs will increase. The length of the paragraphs may also increase slightly in proportion to the length of the essay.

Composing a Persuasive Essay: A Process Guide

Preliminary Steps

• Begin by reading the assignment carefully to make sure you understand it. Then find a topic that fits the assignment. It’s important that you narrow your topic so that it’s directly relevant to the assignment. But make sure your topic is not so narrow that it lacks significance. It’s best if you find a topic that you’re really interested in—this will make the work more enjoyable for you and will probably lead to higher quality research and writing.
• Before starting your research, make a list of facts—everything you already know about your topic. This list may be long or short depending on your level of knowledge.
• Make another list, this time of your ideas and opinions on the topic. Begin with the strongest opinions and list them in descending order according to your level of conviction.
• Ask yourself why you hold these opinions. It’s important to clarify your own views on the topic so you don’t get too overwhelmed by expert opinions when you begin your research. But you should also be open to changing these opinions if facts and logic warrant such change.
• Try to come up with an original, debatable perspective on your topic and write a tentative thesis statement that reflects your view concisely. Being original in this case doesn’t mean you have to come up with some earth-shattering revelation about human nature—it just means you should stay away from general, bland, or obvious ideas that most people would readily agree with.
• Familiarize yourself with the resources of your school’s library—the physical books and periodicals and the online databases. Describe your project ideas to a librarian and ask for recommendations on where to look for the resources you need.
• The main purpose of your research is to for you to become very well-informed about your topic. Immerse yourself in all the relevant factual data AND acquaint yourself with the most prominent, compelling opinions on the central issues.
• Look for sources that include unusual aspects of your topic, or unconventional perspectives on it—these may provide interesting, surprising angles from which to approach your argument.
• Read your sources critically and ask yourself what informs the various perspectives on your topic. Which sources seem best informed? Which use the most compelling logic? Which are guided more by ideology or assumptions than by credible evidence?
• Take notes on your sources as you read them. Summarize the parts of each source that are relevant to your thesis. In addition to the summary, write down your thoughts on the facts and opinions laid out in these sources. Critique the sources you disagree with. This note-taking will help you to process the research material and develop your perspective on the topic.

Composing and Revising

• Once you’ve compiled some research, revisit your tentative thesis statement and revise it according to what you’ve learned—see if you can make it more specific or original. Think of the thesis as your opening statement in a debate with people whose views oppose yours.
• Sift your research notes and sources for examples you can use to discuss conflicting opinions on your topic and to illustrate your own views. Each example should have some clear connection to your central idea.
• Your essay should devote one body paragraph to each of your major ideas and examples. So begin an outline by writing a topic sentence about each major example for each of your body paragraphs. Since the topic sentence will be part of each paragraph transition, it should make a clear, logical connection between your thesis and the evidence that paragraph will discuss.
• Complete your outline by thinking of an interesting, meaningful way to end the essay. Remember that the conclusion should sum up your central points without merely repeating what you’ve said earlier. You might suggest the larger implications of what the essay has discussed and analyzed. One way to do this is to offer a concise review of what you’ve covered combined with a reasonable forecast or recommendations for the future.
• You might want to experiment with writing the body paragraphs before you write your introduction. The details of analysis in the body of the paper often help you to determine more precisely how to word your thesis and the sentences that surround it.
• Define  your key terms or ideas.
• Describe  and  analyze  specific examples of your topic.
• Summarize  and  evaluate  contrasting opinions on your topic.
• Compare  and  contrast  your examples and their relation to your thesis.
• Connect  your examples explicitly to your central idea and to each other.
• Use plenty of quotations and paraphrase of your sources to support your analysis and argument. Integrate the quotes into your own sentences so the discussion reads more smoothly.
• Make sure you cite ALL information that comes from your sources, whether quotations or paraphrase. Use the citation format required by the class or the assignment—MLA, APA, etc. The Writers’ Toolkit citation tools will make the process easy for you by automating the format.
• Polish your essay through revision to make it artful, original, and interesting. Avoid clichéd language or the most obvious examples. You want your reader to learn something new and compelling, whether it’s an unusual fact or a novel perspective on your topic.

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Persuasive Essay: Definition, Examples, Topics & Tips for Writing a Persuasive Essay

Writing a persuasive essay might seem like a daunting task, but it doesn’t need to be. In this reference, you are going to be looking at how to write a great persuasive essay as well as some ideas for topics.

You will also explore a couple of examples to get your creative juices flowing. Alongside this, there are helpful tips and an outline to guide you through the process.

How To Write A Persuasive Essay

What Is a Persuasive Essay?

Before we begin looking at how to write this type of essay, it is important that we understand what a persuasive essay is. Below is a short description of the persuasive essay.

A persuasive essay is one which is used to convince the audience of a particular viewpoint or opinion on a specific topic.

Tips for Writing a Persuasive Essay

Now that we are familiar with the type of essay we will be writing, let’s take a look at some great ideas for how to create the best piece of writing possible.

• The most important point when it comes to writing a good persuasive essay is to choose your stance. For example, if you are writing about the topic of ‘should the death penalty be legal in every country?’ You are going to want to choose your point of view carefully and be sure that you can deliver a convincing take on this. In most cases, it is a good idea to write on a topic that you are passionate about because this will show in your writing. The main point here is to bring your reader around to your way of thinking and without a good position, this will not be achieved.
• Before you begin writing, you should put in a good amount of research time in order to find statistics and data that can back up your argument. In the example of the death penalty, you might find facts about lower crime rates in countries which use this method. By having solid facts in your essay, the reader will be more easily brought around to your way of thinking.
• You should also consider the audience that you are writing for and how they are likely to respond to the essay. Consider whether the reader will be currently opposed to your argument or whether they just need some gentle swaying, this will help you to write more persuasive points.

Outlining the Persuasive Essay

Before you actually put pen to paper, it is vital that you create an essay outline , and this is very important when writing a persuasive essay. You need to be sure that you have included all the relevant points and that the essay is structured and ordered in the correct fashion. Let’s take a look at what you should include in your persuasive essay outline.

Introduction

• Use a hook to grab the attention of the reader. This could be a joke, some interesting data or a personal experience.
• Detail the subject which will be discussed.
• Present your thesis statement to provide the reader with your take on the subject.

Body 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc. Paragraphs

• The body of the essay is traditionally made up of three paragraphs but you are free to write more or less depending on the information you wish to present.
• Each paragraph should contain one point of your argument, ordered in level of importance, starting with the most important.
• You should include data as a way of backing up any claims you back and also as a way of further convincing the reader of your argument.

Opposing Paragraph

• Use this paragraph to air the point of view of the opposition.
• You can provide data and statistics here too.
• You should then give reasons as to why this argument is not correct and refute any claims that have been made, with reasons.
• Summarize all the points that have been made throughout the piece of writing.
• Restate the thesis statement

Topics for a Persuasive Essay

When it comes to choosing a topic for your persuasive essay, the options are truly limitless. We are now going to take a look at some examples of topics you might wish to write on.

• Females should always train female athletes.
• Is chess a game or a sport?
• The music of today is not composed as well as music 50 years ago.
• Sad music encourages teenagers to suffer mental health problems.
• Hunting is wrong/right.
• Animal testing is right/wrong.
• A dog should always be put down if it bites a human.
• Physical education is not necessary for school children.
• Modern kids are too reliant on technology.
• Human beings are the greatest contributors to global warming .
• The weekend should be made longer.
• Parents should only be allowed a limited number of children.

Examples Of Persuasive Essays

We are now going to take a look at two examples of persuasive essays which have been well written and are easily able to convince the audience of the argument that is being discussed. You can use these as inspiration when it comes to writing your own persuasive essay.

Our Unhealthy Obsession With Sickness Written By Frank Furedi

The government today will do two things to which I object. First of all, they will encourage introspection, they will tell you that unless man examines his testicles, or keeps a check on his cholesterol levels then he is not a responsible citizen. He is letting himself down, his wife, his children, everyone. We’re encouraged to worry about health and as a consequence of this public health initiative’s are becoming a threat to the health of the public, or so it seems.

Second of all, the government promotes a value of seeking health. With us always expected to be seeking health for a variety of conditions. The main effect this brings, I believe, is that it makes us feel more ill than we actually are.

The Real Skinny Written By Belinda Luscomb

What do we say as people? Should we rise up and state ‘I absolutely refuse to purchase any item of clothing until I know that the one promoting it weights more than she was when she was a nipper?’ At the very least, should we say ‘Where should I send the money for some chicken nuggets?’ Well, maybe not this much. For the most part, our response will range from ‘I’m wondering whether that will look good on me.’ to ‘I’m not sure who the skinny cow is, but I already detest her.’

Conclusion:

There are many important points to consider when writing a persuasive essay but the tips we have included here will guide you along your way. In essence, your persuasive essay should be able to convince the reader of your point of view and back this up with real data and facts.

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That actually explain what's on your next test, persuasive essay, from class:.

A persuasive essay is a type of writing that aims to convince the reader of a specific viewpoint or argument. It is structured to present a clear thesis, supported by evidence and reasoning, to persuade the audience to accept the writer's perspective. This type of essay typically includes an introduction, body paragraphs that provide supporting details, and a conclusion that reinforces the main argument.

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5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

• A persuasive essay typically follows a structured format, including an introduction with a hook, body paragraphs with evidence, and a conclusion that restates the thesis.
• Effective persuasive essays use a variety of rhetorical strategies to appeal to their audience, making use of logical arguments and emotional appeals.
• The introduction of a persuasive essay should engage the reader and clearly state the writer's position on the topic.
• Body paragraphs in a persuasive essay should each focus on one main idea, providing evidence and examples to support the argument presented in the thesis.
• Conclusions in persuasive essays are essential for summarizing the argument and leaving a lasting impression on the reader, often including a call to action.

Review Questions

• The thesis statement serves as the backbone of a persuasive essay by clearly articulating the main argument or position that the writer will support throughout the text. It provides direction for both the writer and the reader, setting expectations for what will be discussed in the body paragraphs. A strong thesis is essential for effectively guiding the reader’s understanding and keeping the argument focused.
• Addressing counterarguments in a persuasive essay strengthens the overall argument by demonstrating that the writer acknowledges opposing viewpoints and has considered them thoughtfully. This not only enhances credibility but also allows the writer to refute those points effectively, reinforcing their own argument. By countering objections, the writer shows depth of understanding and increases their persuasiveness with readers.
• Rhetorical appeals are critical for enhancing persuasion in an essay because they connect with readers on different levels. Ethos establishes credibility and trustworthiness, which can make readers more receptive to the argument. Pathos taps into emotions, creating a connection that may sway opinions based on feelings rather than just facts. Logos relies on logic and reasoning to present compelling arguments that can convince rational thinkers. A balanced use of these appeals can significantly increase an essay's persuasive power.

Related terms

thesis statement : A single sentence that summarizes the main point or claim of a persuasive essay, guiding the direction of the argument.

counterargument : An opposing viewpoint that the writer addresses and refutes in order to strengthen their own argument.

rhetorical appeals : Techniques used in persuasive writing, including ethos (credibility), pathos (emotional appeal), and logos (logical reasoning), to persuade the audience.

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